SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle variants alpha and delta mimic the native viruses in their differential inflammasome activating potential
In this study, we focused on the capacity of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. We compared the macrophage activation, particularly the inflammasome formation, using Alpha- and Delta-spike virus-like particles (VLPs). We found that VLPs of both variants activated the inflammasome even without a priming step. Delta-spike VLPs had a significantly stronger effect on triggering pyroptosis and inflammasome assembly in THP-1 macrophages than did Alfa-spike VLPs. Cells treated with Delta VLPs showed greater cleavage of caspase-1 and IL-1β release. Furthermore, Delta VLPs induced stronger cyto...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 7, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Magdalena Bandyszewska Magdalena Ambro żek-Latecka Gra żyna Hoser Ma łgorzata Grzanka Franziska Hornung Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer Tomasz Skirecki Source Type: research
Glycan-directed SARS-CoV-2 inhibition by leek extract and lectins with insights into the mode-of-action of Concanavalin A
Antiviral Res. 2024 Mar 4:105856. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105856. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFour years after its outbreak, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a global challenge for human health. At its surface, SARS-CoV-2 features numerous extensively glycosylated spike proteins. This glycan coat supports virion docking and entry into host cells and at the same time renders the virus less susceptible to neutralizing antibodies. Given the high genetic plasticity of SARS-CoV-2 and the rapid emergence of immune escape variants, targeting the glycan shield by carbohydrate-binding age...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 6, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Maja Klevanski Heeyoung Kim Mike Heilemann Thomas Kuner Ralf Bartenschlager Source Type: research
A virus-like particle candidate vaccine based on CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology elicits broad-spectrum protection against SARS-CoV-2
Antiviral Res. 2024 Mar 4:105854. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105854. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with frequent mutations has seriously damaged the effectiveness of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine. There is an urgent need to develop a broad-spectrum vaccine while elucidating the underlying immune mechanisms. Here, we developed a SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccine based on the Canarypox-virus vector (ALVAC-VLPs) using CRISPR/Cas9. Immunization with ALVAC-VLPs showed the effectively induce SARS-CoV-2 specifi...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 6, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Weiqi Wang Shen Wang Xianyong Meng Yongkun Zhao Nan Li Tiecheng Wang Na Feng Feihu Yan Xianzhu Xia Source Type: research
Glycan-directed SARS-CoV-2 inhibition by leek extract and lectins with insights into the mode-of-action of Concanavalin A
Antiviral Res. 2024 Mar 4:105856. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105856. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFour years after its outbreak, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a global challenge for human health. At its surface, SARS-CoV-2 features numerous extensively glycosylated spike proteins. This glycan coat supports virion docking and entry into host cells and at the same time renders the virus less susceptible to neutralizing antibodies. Given the high genetic plasticity of SARS-CoV-2 and the rapid emergence of immune escape variants, targeting the glycan shield by carbohydrate-binding age...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 6, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Maja Klevanski Heeyoung Kim Mike Heilemann Thomas Kuner Ralf Bartenschlager Source Type: research
A virus-like particle candidate vaccine based on CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology elicits broad-spectrum protection against SARS-CoV-2
Antiviral Res. 2024 Mar 4:105854. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105854. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with frequent mutations has seriously damaged the effectiveness of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine. There is an urgent need to develop a broad-spectrum vaccine while elucidating the underlying immune mechanisms. Here, we developed a SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccine based on the Canarypox-virus vector (ALVAC-VLPs) using CRISPR/Cas9. Immunization with ALVAC-VLPs showed the effectively induce SARS-CoV-2 specifi...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 6, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Weiqi Wang Shen Wang Xianyong Meng Yongkun Zhao Nan Li Tiecheng Wang Na Feng Feihu Yan Xianzhu Xia Source Type: research
The host-targeted antiviral drug Zapnometinib exhibits a high barrier to the development of SARS-CoV-2 resistance
Antiviral Res. 2024 Mar 2:105840. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105840. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHost targeting antiviral drugs (HTA) are directed against cellular mechanisms which can be exploited by viruses. These mechanisms are essential for viral replication, because missing functions cannot be compensated by the virus. However, this assumption needs experimental proof. Here we compared the HTA Zapnometinib (ZMN), with direct acting antivirals (DAA) (Remdesivir (RDV), Molnupiravir (MPV), Nirmatrelvir (NTV), Ritonavir (RTV), Paxlovid PAX)), in terms of their potency to induce reduced drug susceptibilities in SARS-C...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 4, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Andr é Schreiber Franziska Rodner Nicole Oberberg Darisuren Anhlan Stefan Bletz Alexander Mellmann Oliver Planz Stephan Ludwig Source Type: research
The host-targeted antiviral drug Zapnometinib exhibits a high barrier to the development of SARS-CoV-2 resistance
Antiviral Res. 2024 Mar 2:105840. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105840. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHost targeting antiviral drugs (HTA) are directed against cellular mechanisms which can be exploited by viruses. These mechanisms are essential for viral replication, because missing functions cannot be compensated by the virus. However, this assumption needs experimental proof. Here we compared the HTA Zapnometinib (ZMN), with direct acting antivirals (DAA) (Remdesivir (RDV), Molnupiravir (MPV), Nirmatrelvir (NTV), Ritonavir (RTV), Paxlovid PAX)), in terms of their potency to induce reduced drug susceptibilities in SARS-C...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 4, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Andr é Schreiber Franziska Rodner Nicole Oberberg Darisuren Anhlan Stefan Bletz Alexander Mellmann Oliver Planz Stephan Ludwig Source Type: research
Virological and clinical outcomes in outpatients treated with baloxavir or neuraminidase inhibitors for A(H3N2) influenza: A multicenter study of the 2022-2023 season
Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb 29:105853. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105853. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWhile clinical trials have illuminated both the virological and clinical efficacy of baloxavir for influenza and post-treatment viral resistance, these aspects warrant further study in real-world settings. In response, we executed a prospective, observational study of the Japanese 2022-2023 influenza season. A cohort of 73 A(H3N2)-diagnosed outpatients-36 treated with baloxavir, 20 with oseltamivir, and 17 with other neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs)-were analyzed. Viral samples were collected before and after administering...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 2, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Takeyuki Goto Naoki Kawai Takuma Bando Yoshio Takasaki Shizuo Shindo Naoki Tani Yong Chong Hideyuki Ikematsu Source Type: research
Virological and clinical outcomes in outpatients treated with baloxavir or neuraminidase inhibitors for A(H3N2) influenza: A multicenter study of the 2022-2023 season
Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb 29:105853. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105853. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWhile clinical trials have illuminated both the virological and clinical efficacy of baloxavir for influenza and post-treatment viral resistance, these aspects warrant further study in real-world settings. In response, we executed a prospective, observational study of the Japanese 2022-2023 influenza season. A cohort of 73 A(H3N2)-diagnosed outpatients-36 treated with baloxavir, 20 with oseltamivir, and 17 with other neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs)-were analyzed. Viral samples were collected before and after administering...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 2, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Takeyuki Goto Naoki Kawai Takuma Bando Yoshio Takasaki Shizuo Shindo Naoki Tani Yong Chong Hideyuki Ikematsu Source Type: research
Prophylactic effect of ensitrelvir in mice infected with SARS-CoV-2
Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb 28:105852. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105852. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and continues to be a major health concern worldwide. Strategies to protect individuals at high risk of COVID-19 are critical but are currently a largely unmet need. We evaluated the oral antiviral drug ensitrelvir, which specifically targets the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease, for its efficacy as a pre-exposure prophylactic treatment. Aged BALB/c mice were subcutaneously treated with various doses of ensi...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 1, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Haruaki Nobori Keiko Baba Takayuki Kuroda Kaoru Baba Kazumi Matsumoto Shinpei Yoshida Ryosuke Watari Yuki Tachibana Teruhisa Kato Keita Fukao Source Type: research
Third International Conference on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Thessaloniki, Greece, September 19-21, 2023
Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb 28:105844. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105844. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Third International Conference on Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) was held in Thessaloniki, Greece, September 19-21, 2023, bringing together a diverse group of international partners, including public health professionals, clinicians, ecologists, epidemiologists, immunologists, and virologists. The conference was attended by 118 participants representing 24 countries and the World Health Organization (WHO). Meeting sessions covered the epidemiology of CCHF in humans; Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 1, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Stephen R Welch Aura R Garrison Dennis A Bente Felicity Burt Jake D'Addiego Stephanie Devignot Stuart Dowall Kerstin Fischer David W Hawman Roger Hewson Ali Mirazimi Lisa Oestereich Zati Vatansever Jessica R Spengler Anna Papa Source Type: research
Prophylactic effect of ensitrelvir in mice infected with SARS-CoV-2
Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb 28:105852. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105852. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and continues to be a major health concern worldwide. Strategies to protect individuals at high risk of COVID-19 are critical but are currently a largely unmet need. We evaluated the oral antiviral drug ensitrelvir, which specifically targets the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease, for its efficacy as a pre-exposure prophylactic treatment. Aged BALB/c mice were subcutaneously treated with various doses of ensi...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 1, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Haruaki Nobori Keiko Baba Takayuki Kuroda Kaoru Baba Kazumi Matsumoto Shinpei Yoshida Ryosuke Watari Yuki Tachibana Teruhisa Kato Keita Fukao Source Type: research
Third International Conference on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Thessaloniki, Greece, September 19-21, 2023
Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb 28:105844. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105844. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Third International Conference on Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) was held in Thessaloniki, Greece, September 19-21, 2023, bringing together a diverse group of international partners, including public health professionals, clinicians, ecologists, epidemiologists, immunologists, and virologists. The conference was attended by 118 participants representing 24 countries and the World Health Organization (WHO). Meeting sessions covered the epidemiology of CCHF in humans; Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV...
Source: Antiviral Research - March 1, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Stephen R Welch Aura R Garrison Dennis A Bente Felicity Burt Jake D'Addiego Stephanie Devignot Stuart Dowall Kerstin Fischer David W Hawman Roger Hewson Ali Mirazimi Lisa Oestereich Zati Vatansever Jessica R Spengler Anna Papa Source Type: research
The combination of pleconaril, rupintrivir, and remdesivir efficiently inhibits enterovirus infections in vitro, delaying the development of drug-resistant virus variants
Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb 26;224:105842. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105842. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEnteroviruses are a significant global health concern, causing a spectrum of diseases from the common cold to more severe conditions like hand-foot-and-mouth disease, meningitis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, and poliomyelitis. Current treatment options for these infections are limited, underscoring the urgent need for effective therapeutic strategies. To find better treatment option we analyzed toxicity and efficacy of 12 known broad-spectrum anti-enterovirals both individually and in combinations against different ente...
Source: Antiviral Research - February 28, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Aleksandr Ianevski Irene Tr øen Frøysa Hilde Lysvand Carlemi Calitz Teemu Smura Hans-Johnny Schjelderup Nilsen Erling H øyer Jan Egil Afset Adithya Sridhar Katja C Wolthers Eva Zusinaite Tanel Tenson Reet Kurg Valentyn Oksenych Angel S Galabov Adelina Source Type: research
The combination of pleconaril, rupintrivir, and remdesivir efficiently inhibits enterovirus infections in vitro, delaying the development of drug-resistant virus variants
Antiviral Res. 2024 Feb 26;224:105842. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105842. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEnteroviruses are a significant global health concern, causing a spectrum of diseases from the common cold to more severe conditions like hand-foot-and-mouth disease, meningitis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, and poliomyelitis. Current treatment options for these infections are limited, underscoring the urgent need for effective therapeutic strategies. To find better treatment option we analyzed toxicity and efficacy of 12 known broad-spectrum anti-enterovirals both individually and in combinations against different ente...
Source: Antiviral Research - February 28, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Aleksandr Ianevski Irene Tr øen Frøysa Hilde Lysvand Carlemi Calitz Teemu Smura Hans-Johnny Schjelderup Nilsen Erling H øyer Jan Egil Afset Adithya Sridhar Katja C Wolthers Eva Zusinaite Tanel Tenson Reet Kurg Valentyn Oksenych Angel S Galabov Adelina Source Type: research
