Promoting Translational Approaches in Psychiatry
The relative lack of progress in psychiatry compared to other medical disciplines over the past half century reflects the rudimentary experimental approaches available until recently. We now have a range of advanced tools that for the first time enable penetrating studies of the brain. These tools make it possible to understand how a cell ’s molecular constituents drive that cell’s functioning within a larger neural circuit, and we are just beginning to decode how circuits generate behaviors. Likewise, we can understand how experience affects those circuits and in turn alters the molecular constituents of individual ce...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Eric Nestler Tags: PLENARY I: BIG PICTURE Source Type: research
The Impact of Translational Neuroscience Approaches on the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders
Addiction is a brain disorder shaped by strong biosocial factors and resulting in devastating consequences to individuals and to society. Three decades of significant progress in genetics and neuroscience research, coupled with the advent of new molecular and brain imaging tools have helped characterize the cellular and network processes participating in the transition from drug use into addiction. This has opened up the opportunity for new therapeutics that target mechanisms involved with neuroplasticity. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nora D. Volkow Source Type: research
Developments in Cardiology That Have Advanced Health Care Over the Past Half Century
Review major advances in understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology Review major technical advances in cardiovascular diagnostics and treatments Epidemiologic and clinical trials that have improved therapy for cardiovascular diseases. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Arshed Quyyumi Source Type: research
The Biological Signature(s) of Suicide
Suicide and suicidal behaviors are complex public health problems of global dimension that strongly associate with psychopathology. Biological factors, such as genetic, epigenetic, inflammatory and hormonal factors, among others, likely contribute to individual risk, either increasing predisposition or contributing to a suicidal event. This session will discuss recent progress on the neurobiology of suicide focusing on genomic discoveries. Gustavo Turecki will discuss recent data from his lab produced using single-cell genomic tools to understand changes occurring in the prefrontal cortex of individuals who died by suicide...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Anna Docherty, Gustavo Turecki, Yogesh Dwivedi Tags: SPECIAL SESSION Source Type: research
Astrocytic Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Promotes Resilience by Dampening Stress-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Alterations and Inflammation
Sex-specific blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations contribute to stress vulnerability and development of depressive behaviors. Conversely, neurovascular adaptations underlying stress resilience remain unexplored. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) can regulate stress responses and BBB permeability thus, here we evaluate if it could be involved in stress-induced vascular changes. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Katarzyna Anna Dudek, Sam E.J. Paton, Adeline Collignon, Manon Lebel, Olivier Lavoie, Jonathan Bouchard, Fernanda Neutzling Kaufmann, Laurence Dion-Albert, Valerie Clavet-Fournier, Luisa B. Binder, Claudia Manca, Nicolas Flamand, Manuel Guzman, Matthew Ca Tags: Symposium Source Type: research
Polygenic Risk Score for C-Reactive Protein is Associated With Accelerated Cortical Thinning and Increased Psychopathology in Adolescents: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study
This study examines how a genetic predisposition to elevated inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and early-life infections might influence adolescent neurodevelopment and their risk for psychopathology. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Haixia Zheng, Jonathan Savitz, Ebrahim Haroon, Jonathan Ahern, Robert Loughnan, Bohan Xu, Katie Forthman, Robin Aupperle, Martin Paulus, Wesley Thompson, Chun Chieh Fan Source Type: research
The Perfect Storm: The Inflammation-Glia-Glutamate Nexus in Depression and Neurodegeneration
This study explored the relationship between depression, neurodegeneration risk factors, and cognitive dysfunction. We hypothesized that depressed individuals with higher neurodegeneration risk would show greater cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, glial dysfunction, and glutamate dysregulation. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ebrahim Haroon, Xiangchuan Chen, Diana Beltran, Evanthia Wommack, Felicia Goldstein, Karen Conneely, Blaine Roberts, Deqiang Qiu, Michael Treadway, Jennifer Felger, Andrew Miller Source Type: research
Imaging Monoamine Oxidase B in Inflammatory Illnesses Comorbid With Major Depressive Disorder
Diseases which induce peripheral and central inflammation are frequently comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD) and comorbidity is associated with treatment resistance. Here we apply state of the art [11C]SL25.1188 PET to measure monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) VT, marker of astrogliosis in several diseases commonly comorbid with MDD for which specific mechanisms are implicated in inducing peripheral or central inflammation, yet lack investigation of astrogliosis. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jeffrey Meyer, Joeffre Braga, Yuko Koshimori Source Type: research
Differences in Neonatal Functional Connectivity Related to Sensory Overresponsivity in Toddlers
Sensory overresponsivity (SOR) is an early risk factor for childhood psychiatric conditions and might arise from neural variation present in early life. To identify candidate neural precursors of SOR in infancy, we analyzed network-level functional connectivity (FC) measures from neonates in relation to their SOR scores at age two. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Rebecca Schwarzlose, Andrew Eck, Michael Myers, Alyssa Labonte, Tara Smyser, Deanna Barch, Cynthia Rogers, Barbara Warner, Christopher Smyser, Chad Sylvester, Joan Luby, Muriah Wheelock Tags: Symposium Source Type: research
Neural Mechanisms of Sensory Over-Responsivity in Autism Spectrum and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
Sensory over-responsivity (SOR) is characterized by an intense and/or aversive response to external sensory stimuli. SOR is prominent in both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), where it is associated with distress and functional impairment. Although SOR is prevalent and clinically important, its neurobiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Emily Stern, Nicolette Recchia, Lucia Tu, Molly Ludlow, Melissa Breland, Goi Khia Eng, Russell H. Tobe, Katherine Collins Source Type: research
Sensory Gating Impairment in Adults With Chronic Tic Disorders
More than 50% of children and 80% of adults with chronic tic disorders (CTDs) experience sensory over-responsivity (SOR). Severity of SOR correlates with severity of core psychiatric features of the CTD phenotype. Mechanisms underlying SOR in CTD are unclear, but impaired sensory gating is strongly implicated. We seek to identify electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures of SOR in adults with CTD. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: David Isaacs, Alex Conley, Alexandra Key, Carissa Cascio, Harrison Walker, Mark Wallace, Daniel Claassen Source Type: research
Enhanced Sensory Precision in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia
Recent theories propose that schizophrenia and ASD are related to impairments in Bayesian inference, i.e. in how the brain weighs sensory information relative to prior knowledge. However existing accounts fail to clarify how proposed theories differ in accounts of ASD vs. schizophrenia and whether the imbalance results from weaker priors or enhanced "sensory precision", a term also often ill-defined. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Peggy Series, Nikitas Angeletos Chrysaitis, Vincent Valton, Povilas Karvelis, Stephen Lawrie, Renaud Jardri Source Type: research
Variability and Magnitude of Brain Glutamate Levels in Schizophrenia: A Meta and Mega-Analysis
Glutamatergic dysfunction is implicated in schizophrenia pathoaetiology, but this may vary in extent between patients. We examine whether patients exhibit greater variability in glutamate measures compared to controls and conduct an updated meta-analysis of glutamate differences. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kate Merritt, Robert McCutcheon, Sarah Ashley, Anthony David, Bridget King, Philip McGuire, Alice Egerton, 1H-MRS in Schizophrenia Investigators Consortium Tags: Symposium Source Type: research
Heterogeneity as a Marker of Brain Function and Treatment Outcomes in Psychiatric Disorders
A growing body of research emphasizes the unique neurobiological variability which defines the critical differences in cognition and behavior across individuals. Recent work demonstrated that individual variability is greater in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and bipolar disorder. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Colin Hawco, Maria Teodora Secara, Julia Gallucci, Christin Schifani, Iska Moxon-Emre, George Foussias, James Gold, Anil Malhotra, Robert Buchanan, Daniel Blumberger, Stephanie Ameis, Aristotle Voineskos Source Type: research
Investigating Brain State Engagement Variability in Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder Using Naturalistic and Task-Based fMRI Data
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic condition impacting millions of people globally, presenting an urgent need to elucidate its neural mechanisms to guide intervention. Extant OUD functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies adopt a static framework. Thus, whether individuals with OUD express aberrant fluctuations in brain activations or interactions over time remains elusive. Here, we investigated this question using naturalistic and task-based fMRI data. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jean Ye, Saloni Mehta, Hannah Peterson, Ahmad Ibrahim, Gul Saeed, Sarah Linsky, Iouri Kreinin, Sui Tsang, Uzoji Nwanaji-Enwerem, Anthony Raso, Sarah Yip, Fuyuze Tokoglu, Jagriti Arora, R. Todd Constable, Declan Barry, Nancy S. Redeker, Henry Yaggi, Dustin Source Type: research
