Temporal dynamics of ocular torsion and vertical vergence during visual, vestibular, and visuovestibular rotations
This study investigated the onset times of ocular torsion (OT) and vertical vergence (VV) during visual, vestibular, and visuovestibular motion, as well as their relative decay rates following prolonged optokinetic stimulations. Temporal characteristics were retrieved from three separate investigations where the level of visual clutter and acceleration were controlled. Video eye-tracking was used to retrieve the eye-movement parameters from a total of 41 healthy participants across all trials. Ocular torsion consistently initiated earlier than vertical vergence, particularly evident under intensified visual information den...
Source: Brain Research - May 2, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Tobias Wibble Source Type: research
The relationship between T7-Fz alpha coherence and peak performance in self-paced sports: a meta-analytical review
We examined whether the alpha-band coherence between the T7-Fz (verbal analytical-motor planning) brain areas were related to superior performance in sports. We searched for related papers across eight databases: ProQuest Central, ProQuest Psychology Journals, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science using relevant keywords (i.e., EEG AND sports AND coherence). Seven studies, with a total of 194 participants, met our inclusion criteria and were shortlisted for statistical analysis. We compared EEG coherence data for both within-subject and between-subject experimental designs. Our analysis r...
Source: Brain Research - May 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Dhruv Raman Edson Filho Source Type: research
The Impact of Nrf2 Knockout on the Neuroprotective Effects of Dexmedetomidine in a Mice Model of Cognitive Impairment
In conclusion, DEX alleviates cognitive deficits induced by LPS through mechanisms of anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation, as well as by increasing synaptic protein expression and dendritic spine density. However, the knockout of the Nrf2 gene reversed the effects of DEX. The Nrf2 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the mitigation of LPS-induced cognitive impairment by DEX.PMID:38692357 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115006 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - May 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Liang Chen Zhifeng Yue Ziyu Liu Huaqin Liu Jin Zhang Fengjiao Zhang Tao Hu Jianfeng Fu Source Type: research
The Spontaneous Activities of the Multiple Demand Network are related to Individual Differences in Indirect Replies Comprehension
This study aims to investigate the brain networks engaged in the comprehension of indirect language, as well as the individual difference in this capacity. Specially, we aim to determine whether the difference is solely influenced by the difference in individuals' default network (DN)/language network or whether it also relies on the networks associated with processing of complex cognitive tasks, particularly the multiple demand network (MDN). Conversational indirectness scale (CIS) scores in the interpretation dimension were used as a behavioral indicator of the indirect comprehension tendency. Reading time difference bet...
Source: Brain Research - May 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiuping Zhang Yizhu Wang Xiaohong Yang Yufang Yang Source Type: research
Vocal and tongue exercise in early to mid-stage Parkinson disease using the Pink1-/- rat
Brain Res. 2024 Apr 27:148958. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148958. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVocal and swallowing deficits are common in Parkinson disease (PD). Because these impairments are resistant to dopamine replacement therapies, vocal and lingual exercise are the primary treatment, but not all individuals respond to exercise and neural mechanisms of treatment response are unclear. To explore putative mechanisms, we used the progressive Pink1-/- rat model of early to mid-stage PD and employed vocal and lingual exercises at 6- and 10-months of age in male Pink1-/- and wild type (WT) rats. We hypothesized that voc...
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: J D Hoffmeister C K Broadfoot N E Schaen-Heacock S A Lechner M N Krasko A F Nisbet J Russell J Szot T J Glass N P Connor C A Kelm-Nelson M R Ciucci Source Type: research
Nrf2 expression, mitochondrial fission, and neuronal apoptosis in the prefrontal cortex of methamphetamine abusers and rats
Brain Res. 2024 Apr 27;1837:148973. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148973. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMethamphetamine (MA), a representative amphetamine-type stimulant, is one of the most abused drugs worldwide. Studies have shown that MA-induced neurotoxicity is strongly associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. While nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an antioxidant transcription factor, is known to exert neuroprotective effects, its role in MA-induced dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis remains incompletely understood. In the present study, we explored the effects of MA on the expression levels of Nrf2, dynam...
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Qian-Yun Nie Gen-Meng Yang Peng Zhang Wen-Juan Dong Di Jing Zhen-Ping Hou Yan-Xia Peng Yang Yu Li-Hua Li Shi-Jun Hong Source Type: research
Investigating the effects of Thymus vulgaris essential oil, Allium cepa extract, and their active compounds (thymol and quercetin) on expression profile of genes related to Alzheimer's disease in PC12 model cell
The objectives of this research were investigating the effects of these compounds on the pathogenesis and progress of Alzheimer's disease in cells modeled by formaldehyde. MTT, flow cytometry, and RT-PCR were used to investigate the toxicity, survival rate and apoptosis of the cells, and the expression level of PP2A, GSK3, NMDAR, BACE1, and APP genes, respectively. Also, the total antioxidant capacity of the modeled cells was measured. The results showed that the two compounds as well as the plants extract and essential oil were able to increase the percentage of cell survival; among them, Thymus vulgaris essential oil had...
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Saba Foroughi Kahin Shahanipour Ramesh Monajemi Ali Mohammad Ahadi Source Type: research
Chronic defeat stress induces monoamine level dysregulation in the prefrontal cortex but not in the hippocampus of OF1 male mice
In conclusion, our results show that CSD induces differences in monoamine levels between brain areas, and these differences did not respond to the coping strategy adopted.PMID:38688411 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115023 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Alina D íez-Solinska Olatz Go ñi-Balentziaga Garikoitz Beitia-Oyarzabal Maider Mu ñoz-Culla Oscar Vegas Garikoitz Azkona Source Type: research
Microglial SIX2 suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation by up-regulating FXYD2 expression
Brain Res Bull. 2024 Apr 28:110970. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110970. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease associated with the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Although its pathogenesis remains unclear, microglia-mediated neuroinflammation significantly contributes to the development of PD. Here we showed that the sine oculis homeobox (SIX) homologue family transcription factors SIX2 exerted significant effects on neuroinflammation. The SIX2 protein, which is silenced during development, was reactivated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)...
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Xia-Yin Cao Yi Liu Jia-Shuo Kan Xin-Xing Huang Piniel Alphayo Kambey Can-Tang Zhang Jin Gao Source Type: research
Vocal and tongue exercise in early to mid-stage Parkinson disease using the Pink1-/- rat
Brain Res. 2024 Apr 27:148958. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148958. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVocal and swallowing deficits are common in Parkinson disease (PD). Because these impairments are resistant to dopamine replacement therapies, vocal and lingual exercise are the primary treatment, but not all individuals respond to exercise and neural mechanisms of treatment response are unclear. To explore putative mechanisms, we used the progressive Pink1-/- rat model of early to mid-stage PD and employed vocal and lingual exercises at 6- and 10-months of age in male Pink1-/- and wild type (WT) rats. We hypothesized that voc...
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: J D Hoffmeister C K Broadfoot N E Schaen-Heacock S A Lechner M N Krasko A F Nisbet J Russell J Szot T J Glass N P Connor C A Kelm-Nelson M R Ciucci Source Type: research
Nrf2 expression, mitochondrial fission, and neuronal apoptosis in the prefrontal cortex of methamphetamine abusers and rats
Brain Res. 2024 Apr 27:148973. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148973. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMethamphetamine (MA), a representative amphetamine-type stimulant, is one of the most abused drugs worldwide. Studies have shown that MA-induced neurotoxicity is strongly associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. While nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an antioxidant transcription factor, is known to exert neuroprotective effects, its role in MA-induced dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis remains incompletely understood. In the present study, we explored the effects of MA on the expression levels of Nrf2, dynamin-re...
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Qian-Yun Nie Gen-Meng Yang Peng Zhang Wen-Juan Dong Di Jing Zhen-Ping Hou Yan-Xia Peng Yang Yu Li-Hua Li Shi-Jun Hong Source Type: research
Investigating the effects of Thymus vulgaris essential oil, Allium cepa extract, and their active compounds (thymol and quercetin) on expression profile of genes related to Alzheimer's disease in PC12 model cell
The objectives of this research were investigating the effects of these compounds on the pathogenesis and progress of Alzheimer's disease in cells modeled by formaldehyde. MTT, flow cytometry, and RT-PCR were used to investigate the toxicity, survival rate and apoptosis of the cells, and the expression level of PP2A, GSK3, NMDAR, BACE1, and APP genes, respectively. Also, the total antioxidant capacity of the modeled cells was measured. The results showed that the two compounds as well as the plants extract and essential oil were able to increase the percentage of cell survival; among them, Thymus vulgaris essential oil had...
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Saba Foroughi Kahin Shahanipour Ramesh Monajemi Ali Mohammad Ahadi Source Type: research
Chronic defeat stress induces monoamine level dysregulation in the prefrontal cortex but not in the hippocampus of OF1 male mice
In conclusion, our results show that CSD induces differences in monoamine levels between brain areas, and these differences did not respond to the coping strategy adopted.PMID:38688411 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115023 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Alina D íez-Solinska Olatz Go ñi-Balentziaga Garikoitz Beitia-Oyarzabal Maider Mu ñoz-Culla Oscar Vegas Garikoitz Azkona Source Type: research
Microglial SIX2 suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation by up-regulating FXYD2 expression
Brain Res Bull. 2024 Apr 28:110970. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110970. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease associated with the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Although its pathogenesis remains unclear, microglia-mediated neuroinflammation significantly contributes to the development of PD. Here we showed that the sine oculis homeobox (SIX) homologue family transcription factors SIX2 exerted significant effects on neuroinflammation. The SIX2 protein, which is silenced during development, was reactivated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)...
Source: Brain Research - April 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Xia-Yin Cao Yi Liu Jia-Shuo Kan Xin-Xing Huang Piniel Alphayo Kambey Can-Tang Zhang Jin Gao Source Type: research
High-frequency rTMS alleviates cognitive impairment and regulates synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of rats with cerebral ischemia
Behav Brain Res. 2024 Apr 27;467:115018. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115018. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPoststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication of stroke, but effective treatments are currently lacking. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is gradually being applied to treat PSCI, but there is limited evidence of its efficacy. To determine rTMS effects on PSCI, we constructed a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat model. Rats were then grouped by random digital table method: the sham group (n = 10), tMCAO group (n = 10) and rTMS group (n = 10). The shuttle box and Mor...
Source: Brain Research - April 28, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jiena Hong Jiemei Chen Chao Li Fei Zhao Jiantao Zhang Yilong Shan Hongmei Wen Source Type: research
