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Segmentation and Volumetric Analysis of Heart from Cardiac CT Images
ConclusionThe heart was correctly segmented from the CT images using the proposed method. Further this segmentation technique can be used to develop AI based solutions for segmentation. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - April 30, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Enabling Non-invasive Tracking of Vascular Endothelial Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Nuclear Imaging
ConclusionsThis study establishes an optimized cell modification and imaging protocol for tracking transplanted cells. Future efforts will focus on enhancing cell survival and integration via improved delivery systems, thereby advancing the potential of cell-based therapies for PAD.Graphical AbstractIn this study, we present an optimized approach for non-invasive tracking of transplanted vascular endothelial cells (HiPSC-ECs) using a combination of lentiviral transduction with hNIS and eGFP genes and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. Our methodology allows real-time monitoring of HiPSC-ECs in vivo...
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - April 23, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Classification Method of ECG Signals Based on RANet
AbstractBackgroundElectrocardiograms (ECG) are an important source of information on human heart health and are widely used to detect different types of arrhythmias.ObjectiveWith the advancement of deep learning, end-to-end ECG classification models based on neural networks have been developed. However, deeper network layers lead to gradient vanishing. Moreover, different channels and periods of an ECG signal hold varying significance for identifying different types of ECG abnormalities.MethodsTo solve these two problems, an ECG classification method based on a residual attention neural network is proposed i...
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - April 23, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Sensitivity of Post-TAVR Hemodynamics to the Distal Aortic Arch Anatomy: A High-Fidelity CFD Study
ConclusionsThe results suggest that under the given configuration and boundary conditions, the type of outflow extension had a modest impact on hemodynamics proximal to the TAV. The findings contribute to a better understanding of flow dynamics in TAV configurations, providing insights for future studies in TAV-related experiments as well as numerical simulations. Additionally, they help mitigate the uncertainties associated with patient-specific geometries, offering increased flexibility in computational modeling. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - April 23, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Entire Mitral Valve Reconstruction Using Porcine Extracellular Matrix: Adding a Ring Annuloplasty
ConclusionWe successfully reconstructed the entire mitral valve using 2-ply small intestinal submucosal extracellular matrix (CorMatrix ®) combined with a flexible annuloplasty. The annuloplasty reduced the unphysiological systolic widening previously found with this reconstructive technique. However, the Simulus flex ring changed the physiological annular D-shape into a circular shape and hindered a correct unfolding of the leafle ts. Thus, we do not recommend a flexible ring in conjunction with this reconstructive technique; further investigations are needed to discover a more suitable remodelling annuloplasty. (Source:...
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - March 19, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Literature Survey for In-Vivo Reynolds and Womersley Numbers of Various Arteries and Implications for Compliant In-Vitro Modelling
ConclusionThis paper compiles available human haemodynamic information, and highlights the paucity of information for some arteries. It also provides a method for optimal in-vitro experimental configuration. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - March 18, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Establishment of a Biaxial Testing System for Characterization of Right Ventricle Viscoelasticity Under Physiological Loadings
ConclusionThis work provides a new experimental tool to quantify the passive, biaxial viscoelasticity of ventricle free walls in both small and large animals. The dynamic mechanical tests showed frequency-dependent elastic and viscous behaviors of healthy rat RVs. But the ratio of dissipated energy to stored energy was maintained between frequencies. These findings offer novel baseline information on the passive viscoelasticity of healthy RVs in adult rats. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - March 11, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Standardized Bench Test Evaluation of Biomechanical Characteristics of Stents Used in Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Revalvulation
ConclusionThis study highlights the significant differences between the stents currently used in RVOT pre-stenting. Stents with good radial resistance are preferred, especially for calcified vessels, and flexibility is crucial for tortuous vessels. We proposed an algorithm for selecting the most suitable stent according to the need for radial force and flexibility, which will help inform clinicians considering RVOT revalvulation. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - March 11, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Surgical Modulation of Pulmonary Artery Shear Stress: A Patient-Specific CFD Analysis of the Norwood Procedure
ConclusionExcellent correlation between clinically measured and CFD model data shows that 3D CFD models of HLHS Norwood can be developed using standard angiography and echocardiographic data. The CFD analysis also revealed consistent changes in PA TAWSS, flow differential, and OSI as a function of shunt characteristics. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Influence of Remodeled ECM and Co-culture with iPSC-Derived Cardiac Fibroblasts on the Mechanical Function of Micropatterned iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes
ConclusionsThese combined observations highlight the important role CFs playin vivo and the need for models that enable a quantitative approach to examine interactions between the CFs and CMs, as well as the interactions of these cells with the ECM. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - March 6, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Patient-Specific Haemodynamic Analysis of Virtual Grafting Strategies in Type-B Aortic Dissection: Impact of Compliance Mismatch
ConclusionThis study suggests that by minimising graft length and matching its compliance to the native aorta whilst aligning with surgical requirements, the risk of LV hypertrophy may be reduced. This provides evidence that compliance-matching grafts may enhance patient outcomes. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - March 4, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Impact of Pressure Guidewire on Model-Based FFR Prediction
ConclusionFrom a clinical decision-making point of view, including of the pressure guidewire is potentially relevant only for intermediate stenosis cases. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - March 4, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

12-Lead ECG Reconstruction Based on Data From the First Limb Lead
ConclusionsThe developed ECG reconstruction method holds significant potential for use in portable registration devices, screening procedures, and providing support for medical decision-making by healthcare specialists. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - February 29, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Aorta Segmentation in 3D CT Images by Combining Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques
ConclusionThe proposed methodology achieved superior segmentation performance, compared to all compared segmentation techniques, in terms of the accuracy of the extracted 3D aortic model. Therefore, the proposed segmentation scheme could be used in clinical practice, such as in treatment planning and assessment, as it can speed up the evaluation of the medical imaging data, which is commonly a lengthy and tedious process. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - February 22, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A Monte Carlo Sensitivity Analysis for a Dimensionally Reduced-Order Model of the Aortic Dissection
ConclusionThis study highlights the necessity of comparing the results of the local and global sensitivity analyses to understand the significance of multiple lumped parameters. Because of the efficiency of the method, our approach is potentially useful to investigate and analyze medical planning. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - February 21, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research