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External validation of population pharmacokinetic models of tacrolimus in Thai adult liver transplant recipients
ConclusionBayesian forecasting is more accurate and precise than other testing methods for predicting drug concentrations. However, none of the evaluated models provides satisfactory predictive performance for generalization to Thai liver transplant patients. This underscores the need for future research to develop population PK models tailored to the Thai population. Such efforts should consider the inclusion of nonlinear pharmacokinetics and region-specific factors, including genetic variability, to improve model accuracy and applicability. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - May 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and the drug-drug interaction with calcineurin inhibitor in renal transplant recipients
ConclusionsThe PK characteristics of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir vary greatly among renal transplant recipients. Factors including Ccr andCYP3A5 genotype were related to the in vivo exposure of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. During the whole process before and after nirmatrelvir/ritonavir therapy, it is recommended to adjust the CNI basing on renal function to avoid CNI toxicity exposure. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Does the use of bisphosphonates during pregnancy affect fetal outcomes? A systematic review
ConclusionAlthough previous reports have linked BPs before or during pregnancy with adverse neonatal outcomes, these associations should be interpreted with caution. Given the complexity of these findings, further research is necessary to provide more definitive insights to guide clinical decisions regarding the use of BPs in pregnant women. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - May 1, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Improved adherence to statin treatment and differences in results between men and women after pictorial risk communication —a sub-study of the VIPVIZA RCT
ConclusionsBoth men and women were receptive to pictorial information regarding CVD risk, but the intervention effect was more pronounced in women. Sex differences are important when considering risk communication strategies. Periodically repeating the intervention was beneficial for maintaining the intervention effect over time.Trial registrationThe VIPVIZA study is registered withClinicalTrials.gov, May 8, 2013, number NCT01849575. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 29, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

A newly developed algorithm for switching outpatient medications to medications listed in the hospital formulary: a prospective real-word evaluation in patients admitted electively to hospital
ConclusionsDespite comprehensive medication reconciliation, patient- and medication-related information for switching medications to the hospital formulary was often missing. Once all the necessary information was available, standardized switching could be easily carried out according to a newly developed switching algorithm. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 24, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Correction to: Analgesic effect of oral paracetamol 1000 mg/ibuprofen 400 mg, paracetamol 1000 mg/codeine 60 mg, paracetamol 1000 mg/ibuprofen 400 mg/codeine 60 mg, or placebo on acute postoperative pain: a single‑dose, randomized, and double‑blind study
(Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 24, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Inconclusiveness of psychometric testing of medication adherence questionnaires
ConclusionResults show that assessing the validity and reliability of adherence questionnaires with standard procedures including statistical tests is inconclusive. Refinement of the constructs of non-adherence is needed in pharmacy and medical practice. We suggest a distinction between the (i)extent of missed doses over the past 2 weeks, (ii)modifiable reasons for non-adherence behavior, and (iii)unmodifiable factors of non-adherence. Validation procedures and corresponding statistical methods should be selected according to the specific single constructs. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 22, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Effect of propranolol on pharmacokinetics of clozapine in schizophrenic patients: a meta-analysis
ConclusionThe combination with propranolol could significantly increase systemic exposure and extendedT1/2 of clozapine, and thus need to be considered in prescribing decisions. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 19, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Medication use before and during pregnancy in Japan: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
ConclusionWe found that ~ 50% of the pregnant women used medications before and during pregnancy and some took potential teratogenic medications during pregnancy. In birth genomic cohort study, it is expected that investigations into the safety and effectiveness of medications used during pregnancy will advance. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 17, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Albumin: a comprehensive review and practical guideline for clinical use
ConclusionAlbumin administration is most indicated in management of cirrhosis complications. Fluid resuscitation or treatment of severe and refractory edema, especially in patients with hypoalbuminemia and not responding to other treatments, is another rational use for albumin. Implementation of evidence-based guidelines in hospitals can be an effective measure to reduce inappropriate uses of albumin. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Efficacy and safety of dabigatran and rivaroxaban in atrial fibrillation patients with impaired liver function: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
ConclusionAfter using dabigatran or rivaroxaban, patients with ILF had remarkably increased risk of major bleeding compared with patients with NLF. In AF patients with NLF, dabigatran had the distinct strength of significantly reduced risk of total bleeding compared with rivaroxaban. In patients with AF and ILF, dabigatran use was associated with lower risk for major bleeding compared with rivaroxaban. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Population pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine A in pediatric patients with thalassemia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
ConclusionIn the PPK model based on the pediatric cohort on CsA with thalassemia undergoing allogeneic HSCT, WT, POD, FLUC, VORI, POSA, and RBC were found to be the significant factors influencing CL of CsA. The reliability and robustness of the final model were excellent. It is expected that the PPK model can assist in individualizing dosing strategy clinically. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 11, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

COVID-19 and pregnancy: A European study on pre- and post-infection medication use
ConclusionOur findings highlight the substantial impact of COVID-19 on primary care medication use among pregnant women, with a marked increase in the use of antithrombotic medications post-COVID-19. These results underscore the need for further research to understand the broader implications of these patterns on maternal and neonatal/fetal health outcomes. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 11, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research