Competence and contributions of radiologists to cardiac CT and MR imaging across Europe
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Refining clinical decision strategies and prostate cancer detection through fine adjustments in the combination of PSA-derived parameters and MRI
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Quantitative assessment of background parenchymal enhancement is associated with lifetime breast cancer risk in screening MRI
ConclusionQuantitative BPE varies in women with different lifetime breast cancer risks andBRCA mutation status. These differences may be due to the influence of multiple lifetime risk factors. Quantitative BPE differences remained between groups with and withoutBRCA mutations after adjusting for known risk factors associated with BPE.Clinical relevance statementBRCA germline mutations may be associated with quantitative background parenchymal enhancement, excluding the effects of known confounding factors. This finding can provide potential insights into the cancer pathophysiological mechanisms behind lifetime risk models....
Source: European Radiology - April 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Automated abdominal CT contrast phase detection using an interpretable and open-source artificial intelligence algorithm
ConclusionAn open-source and interpretable AI algorithm accurately detects contrast phases in abdominal CT scans, with high accuracy and F1 scores in internal and external validation, confirming its generalization capability.Clinical relevance statementContrast phase detection in abdominal CT scans is a critical step for downstream AI applications, deploying algorithms in the clinical setting, and for quantifying imaging biomarkers, ultimately allowing for better diagnostics and increased access to diagnostic imaging.Key PointsDigital Imaging and Communications in Medicine labels are inaccurate for determining the abdomina...
Source: European Radiology - April 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Olecranon bone age assessment in puberty using a lateral elbow radiograph and a deep-learning model
ConclusionThe olecranon BA evaluation for puberty, requiring only a lateral elbow radiograph, showed the highest applicability and interobserver agreement, and excellent reliability with other BA evaluation methods, along with a high performance of the AI model.Clinical relevance statementThis AI model uses a single lateral elbow radiograph to determine bone age for puberty from the olecranon ossification center and can improve pubertal bone age assessment with the highest applicability and excellent reliability compared to previous methods.Key PointsElbow bone age is valuable for pubertal bone age assessment, but conventi...
Source: European Radiology - April 27, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Improvement of coronary stent visualization using ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT
ConclusionUHR CCTA by PCD-CT leads to significantly improved visualization and diagnostic performance of coronary stents, and Bv72 is the optimal reconstruction kernel showing the stent struts and in-stent lumen.Clinical relevance statementThe significantly improved visualization of coronary stents using ultra-high resolution CCTA could increase the diagnostic accuracy for in-stent restenosis and avoid unnecessary invasive quantitative coronary angiography, thus changing the clinical management for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.Key PointsCoronary stent imaging is challenging with energy-integrating dete...
Source: European Radiology - April 27, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Iodine-based contrast medium-induced Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) and Contrast-Induced Encephalopathy (CIE): advocating vigilance while challenging the dichotomy
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 26, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Development and evaluation of two open-source nnU-Net models for automatic segmentation of lung tumors on PET and CT images with and without respiratory motion compensation
ConclusionsPerformance evaluation demonstrated that the automatic segmentation models have the potential to achieve accuracy comparable to manual segmentation and thus hold promise for clinical application. The resulting models can be freely downloaded and employed to support the integration of 3D- or 4D- PET/CT and to facilitate the evaluation of its impact on lung cancer clinical practice.Clinical relevance statementWe provide two open-source nnU-Net models for the automatic segmentation of lung tumors on PET/CT to facilitate the optimal integration of biological and anatomical information in clinical practice. The model...
Source: European Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Impact of ischemic stroke topography on early clinical outcome of basilar artery occlusion: a retrospective study
ConclusionUnfavorable early outcomes in patients with BAOS may be explained by a higher likelihood of inferior brain stem infarcts and lower rates of reperfusion success.Clinical relevance statementBasilar artery occlusion due to underlying stenosis is associated with a poorer prognosis than that caused by embolism; these results suggest that aggressive endovascular therapy, usually involving the placement of a permanent stent, may be warranted in these patients.Key PointsInferior brain stem and occipital infarcts are prognostically unfavorable in basilar artery occlusion.Basilar artery occlusion due to stenosis occurs mor...
Source: European Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The impact of AI implementation in mammographic screening: redefining dense breast screening practices
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
ESR Essentials: screening for breast cancer - general recommendations by EUSOBI
AbstractBreast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women accounting for about 30% of all new cancer cases and the incidence is constantly increasing. Implementation of mammographic screening has contributed to a reduction in breast cancer mortality of at least 20% over the last 30 years. Screening programs usually include all women irrespective of their risk of developing breast cancer and with age being the only determining factor. This approach has some recognized limitations, including underdiagnosis, false positive cases, and overdiagnosis. Indeed, breast cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related dea...
Source: European Radiology - April 24, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Multiparametric prenatal imaging characterization of fetal brain edema in Chiari II malformation might help to select candidates for fetal surgery
ConclusionsBrain edema in fetuses with Chiari II is common and radiologically detectable on T2-weighted fetal MRI sequences, and DTI-based FA values and radiomics features provide further evidence of microstructure differences between subgroups with and without edema.Clinical relevance statementA more severe phenotype of fetuses with Chiari II malformation is characterized by prenatal brain edema and more postnatal clinical morbidity and disability. Fetal brain edema is a promising prenatal MR imaging biomarker candidate for optimizing the risk-benefit evaluation of selection for fetal surgery.Key PointsBrain edema of fetu...
Source: European Radiology - April 24, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Biparametric MRI in prostate cancer during active surveillance: is it safe?
AbstractActive surveillance (AS) is the preferred option for patients presenting with low-intermediate-risk prostate cancer. MRI now plays a crucial role for baseline assessment and ongoing monitoring of AS. The Prostate Cancer Radiological Estimation of Change in Sequential Evaluation (PRECISE) recommendations aid radiological assessment of progression; however, current guidelines do not advise on MRI protocols nor on frequency. Biparametric (bp) imaging without contrast administration offers advantages such as reduced costs and increased throughput, with similar outcomes to multiparametric (mp) MRI shown in the biopsy na...
Source: European Radiology - April 24, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Superb microvascular imaging for evaluating the activity of juvenile localised scleroderma: a preliminary study
ConclusionSMI can quantitatively detect microvascular blood flow changes in JLS skin, indicating lesion activity and severity.Clinical relevance statementSMI is a convenient, non-invasive, technique for detecting active JLS lesions and can provide valuable information to guide treatment options.Key PointsCurrent grading systems of juvenile localised scleroderma rely on subjective clinical information.Superb Microvascular Imaging identified that vascular indexes between active lesions and healthy skin positively correlated with clinical scores.Superb Microvascular Imaging effectively assesses microvascular blood flow, aidin...
Source: European Radiology - April 23, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
From text to texture: a glossary transforms the pulmonary nodule paradigm
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 22, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
