Perspectives for infrared beamlines in fourth-generation synchrotron facilities
(Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation)
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 29, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Borondics, F. Tags: fourth-generation synchrotrons infrared nanospectroscopy scattering scanning near-field microscopy nano-FTIR scientific commentaries Source Type: research
A closer look at high-energy X-ray-induced bubble formation during soft tissue imaging
Improving the scalability of tissue imaging throughput with bright, coherent X-rays requires identifying and mitigating artifacts resulting from the interactions between X-rays and matter. At synchrotron sources, long-term imaging of soft tissues in solution can result in gas bubble formation or cavitation, which dramatically compromises image quality and integrity of the samples. By combining in-line phase-contrast imaging with gas chromatography in real time, we were able to track the onset and evolution of high-energy X-ray-induced gas bubbles in ethanol-embedded soft tissue samples for tens of minutes (two to three tim...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 26, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Xian, R.P. Brunet, J. Huang, Y. Wagner, W.L. Lee, P.D. Tafforeau, P. Walsh, C.L. Tags: synchrotron X-rays vacuum degassing bubble growth gas chromatography research papers Source Type: research
PINK: a tender X-ray beamline for X-ray emission spectroscopy
A high-flux beamline optimized for non-resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) in the tender X-ray energy range has been constructed at the BESSY II synchrotron source. The beamline utilizes a cryogenically cooled undulator that provides X-rays over the energy range 2.1   keV to 9.5   keV. This energy range provides access to XES [and in the future X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS)] studies of transition metals ranging from Ti to Cu (K α ,   K β lines) and Zr to Ag (L α ,   L β ), as well as light elements including P, S, Cl, K and Ca (K α ,   K β ). The beamline can be operated in two modes. In PINK m...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 25, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Peredkov, S. Pereira, N. Gr ö tzsch, D. Hendel, S. Wallacher, D. DeBeer, S. Tags: X-ray emission spectroscopy von Hamos dispersive spectrometers tender X-rays catalysis synchrotron beamlines Source Type: research
A distributed data processing scheme based on Hadoop for synchrotron radiation experiments
With the development of synchrotron radiation sources and high-frame-rate detectors, the amount of experimental data collected at synchrotron radiation beamlines has increased exponentially. As a result, data processing for synchrotron radiation experiments has entered the era of big data. It is becoming increasingly important for beamlines to have the capability to process large-scale data in parallel to keep up with the rapid growth of data. Currently, there is no set of data processing solutions based on the big data technology framework for beamlines. Apache Hadoop is a widely used distributed system architecture for s...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 24, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Zhang, D. Dai, Z.-Y. Sun, X.-P. Wu, X.-T. Li, H. Tang, L. He, J.-H. Tags: big data Apache Hadoop distributed data processing microservice architecture computer programs Source Type: research
A new experimental setup for combined fast differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy
Synchrotron-radiation-based techniques are a powerful tool for the investigation of materials. In particular, the availability of highly brilliant sources has opened the possibility to develop techniques sensitive to dynamics at the atomic scale such as X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS). XPCS is particularly relevant in the study of glasses, which have been often investigated at the macroscopic scale by, for example, differential scanning calorimetry. Here, we show how to adapt a Flash calorimeter to combine XPCS and calorimetric scans. This setup paves the way to novel experiments requiring dynamical and thermo...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 24, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Martinelli, A. Baglioni, J. Sun, P. Dallari, F. Pineda, E. Duan, Y. Spitzbart-Silberer, T. Westermeier, F. Sprung, M. Monaco, G. Tags: X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy fast differential scanning calorimetry research papers Source Type: research
Infrared spectroscopy across scales in length and time at BESSY   II
The infrared beamline at BESSY   II storage ring was upgraded recently to extend the capabilities of infrared microscopy. The endstations available at the beamline are now facilitating improved characterization of molecules and materials at different length scales and time resolutions. Here, the current outline of the beamline is reported and an overview of the endstations available is given. In particular, the first results obtained by using a new microscope for nano-spectroscopy that was implemented are presented. The capabilities of the scattering-type near-field optical microscope (s-SNOM) are demonstrated by investi...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Veber, A. Puskar, L. Kneipp, J. Schade, U. Tags: infrared beamline BESSY II nano-spectroscopy cellulose microfibrils beamlines Source Type: research
Wavefront analysis and phase correctors design using SHADOW
In this study, the wavefront error of an imperfect elliptical mirror is predicted by developing a knife-edge program using the SHADOW/OASYS platform. It is shown that the focusing optics can be aligned perfectly by minimizing the parabolic and cubic coefficients of the wavefront error. The residual wavefront error provides precise information about the figure/height errors of the focusing optics suggesting it as an accurate method for in situ optical metrology. A Python program is developed to design a customized wavefront refractive corrector to minimize the residual wavefront error. Uniform beam at and out of focus and h...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 23, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Khosroabadi, H. Laundy, D. Dhamgaye, V. Sawhney, K. Tags: X-ray optics wavefront error ray-tracing simulation refractive wavefront corrector knife-edge imaging research papers Source Type: research
Evaluation of the X-ray/EUV Nanolithography Facility at AS through wavefront propagation simulations
Synchrotron light sources can provide the required spatial coherence, stability and control to support the development of advanced lithography at the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray wavelengths that are relevant to current and future fabricating technologies. Here an evaluation of the optical performance of the  soft X-ray (SXR) beamline of the Australian Synchrotron (AS) and its suitability for developing interference lithography using radiation in the 91.8   eV (13.5   nm) to 300   eV (4.13   nm) range are presented. A comprehensive physical optics model of the APPLE-II undulator source and SXR beamline was ...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 17, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Knappett, J.B.M. Haydon, B. Cowie, B.C.C. Kewish, C.M. Riessen, G.A.van Tags: extreme ultraviolet lithography soft X-ray lithography interference lithography wavefront propagation synchrotron beamline research papers Source Type: research
Synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy in fourth-generation storage rings
Fourth-generation synchrotron storage rings represent a significant milestone in synchrotron technology, offering outstandingly bright and tightly focused X-ray beams for a wide range of scientific applications. However, due to their inherently tight magnetic lattices, these storage rings have posed critical challenges for accessing lower-energy radiation, such as infrared (IR) and THz. Here the first-ever IR beamline to be installed and to operate at a fourth-generation synchrotron storage ring is introduced. This work encompasses several notable advancements, including a thorough examination of the new IR source at Siriu...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 17, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Santos, T.M. Lordano, S. Mayer, R.A. Volpe, L. Rodrigues, G.M. Meyer, B. Westfahl, H. Freitas, R.O. Tags: fourth-generation synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy scattering scanning near-field microscopy nano-FTIR Imbuia at Sirius research papers Source Type: research
Operando double-edge high-resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of BiVO4 photoanodes
High energy resolution fluorescence detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a powerful method for probing the electronic structure of functional materials. The X-ray penetration depth and photon-in/photon-out nature of the method allow operando experiments to be performed, in particular in electrochemical cells. Here, operando high-resolution X-ray absorption measurements of a BiVO4 photoanode are reported, simultaneously probing the local electronic states of both cations. Small but significant variations of the spectral lineshapes induced by the applied potential were observed and an explanation in terms of the occupat...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 15, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Piccioni, A. Kopula Kesavan, J. Amidani, L. Mazzaro, R. Berardi, S. Caramori, S. Pasquini, L. Boscherini, F. Tags: X-ray absorption spectroscopy photoelectrochemistry photoanodes resonant inelastic X-ray scattering research papers Source Type: research
Development of dual-beamline photoelectron momentum microscopy for valence orbital analysis
The soft X-ray photoelectron momentum microscopy (PMM) experimental station at the UVSOR Synchrotron Facility has been recently upgraded by additionally guiding vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light in a normal-incidence configuration. PMM offers a very powerful tool for comprehensive electronic structure analyses in real and momentum spaces. In this work, a VUV beam with variable polarization in the normal-incidence geometry was obtained at the same sample position as the soft X-ray beam from BL6U by branching the VUV beamline BL7U. The valence electronic structure of the Au(111) surface was measured using horizontal and vertica...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 15, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Hagiwara, K. Nakamura, E. Makita, S. Suga, S. Tanaka, S.- Kera, S. Matsui, F. Tags: photoemission spectroscopy photoelectron momentum microscopy electronic structure atomic orbital photon polarization research papers Source Type: research
High-pressure X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy at fourth-generation synchrotron sources
A new experimental setup combining X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) in the hard X-ray regime and a high-pressure sample environment has been developed to monitor the pressure dependence of the internal motion of complex systems down to the atomic scale in the multi-gigapascal range, from room temperature to 600   K. The high flux of coherent high-energy X-rays at fourth-generation synchrotron sources solves the problems caused by the absorption of diamond anvil cells used to generate high pressure, enabling the measurement of the intermediate scattering function over six orders of magnitude in time, from 10 â...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 10, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Cornet, A. Ronca, A. Shen, J. Zontone, F. Chushkin, Y. Cammarata, M. Garbarino, G. Sprung, M. Westermeier, F. Deschamps, T. Ruta, B. Tags: X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy fourth-generation synchrotron sources high-pressure XPCS complex systems metallic glasses supercooled liquid states high-pressure sample environments research papers Source Type: research
Measuring magnetic hysteresis curves with polarized soft X-ray resonant reflectivity
Calculations and measurements of polarization-dependent soft X-ray scattering intensity are presented during a magnetic hysteresis cycle. It is confirmed that the dependence of the intensity on the magnetic moment can be linear, quadratic or a combination of both, depending on the polarization of the incident X-ray beam and the direction of the magnetic moment. With a linearly polarized beam, the scattered intensity will have a purely quadratic dependence on the magnetic moment when the magnetic moment is parallel to the scattering plane. However, with the magnetic moment perpendicular to the scattering plane, there is als...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 10, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Fan, R. Kiranjot, Aboljadayel, R.O.M. Alsaeed, K. Bencok, P. Burn, D.M. Hindmarch, A.T. Steadman, P. Tags: reflectivity scattering magnetism soft X-rays polarization hysteresis helicity thin films research papers Source Type: research
A sub-100   nm thickness flat jet for extreme ultraviolet to soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Experimental characterization of the structural, electronic and dynamic properties of dilute systems in aqueous solvents, such as nanoparticles, molecules and proteins, are nowadays an open challenge. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is probably one of the most established approaches to this aim as it is element-specific. However, typical dilute systems of interest are often composed of light elements that require extreme-ultraviolet to soft X-ray photons. In this spectral regime, water and other solvents are rather opaque, thus demanding radical reduction of the solvent volume and removal of the liquid to minimize back...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 9, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: De Angelis, D. Longetti, L. Bonano, G. Pelli Cresi, J.S. Foglia, L. Pancaldi, M. Capotondi, F. Pedersoli, E. Bencivenga, F. Krstulovic, M. Menk, R.H. D'Addato, S. Orlando, S. de Simone, M. Ingle, R.A. Bleiner, D. Coreno, M. Principi, E. Chergui, M. Mascio Tags: liquid flat jets Elettra synchrotron FERMI free-electron laser extreme ultra-violet high-vacuum environments X-ray absorption spectroscopy beamlines Source Type: research
Modelling the power threshold and optimum thermal deformation of indirectly liquid-nitrogen cryo-cooled Si monochromators
Maximizing the performance of crystal monochromators is a key aspect in the design of beamline optics for diffraction-limited synchrotron sources. Temperature and deformation of cryo-cooled crystals, illuminated by high-power beams of X-rays, can be estimated with a purely analytical model. The analysis is based on the thermal properties of cryo-cooled silicon crystals and the cooling geometry. Deformation amplitudes can be obtained, quickly and reliably. In this article the concept of threshold power conditions is introduced and defined analytically. The contribution of parameters such as liquid-nitrogen cooling efficienc...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 9, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Khosroabadi, H. Alianelli, L. Sanchez-Navarro, P. Peach, A. Sawhney, K. Tags: cryo-cooled Si monochromator deformation modelling threshold power sweet spot cooling design research papers Source Type: research
