Transcriptome profiles of < i > Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense < /i > in Malawi reveal focus specific gene expression profiles associated with pathology
ConclusionOur results suggest that the differences in disease presentation in the two foci is mainly driven by genetic differences in the parasites in the two major endemic foci of Rumphi and Nkhotakota rather than differences in the environment or host response. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - May 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Peter Nambala Source Type: research
< i > Mycobacterium ulcerans < /i > challenge strain selection for a Buruli ulcer controlled human infection model
by Stephen Muhi, Andrew H. Buultjens, Jessica L. Porter, Julia L. Marshall, Marcel Doerflinger, Sacha J. Pidot, Daniel P. O ’Brien, Paul D. R. Johnson, Caroline J. Lavender, Maria Globan, James McCarthy, Joshua Osowicki, Timothy P. Stinear
Critical scientific questions remain regarding infection withMycobacterium ulcerans, the organism responsible for the neglected tropical disease, Buruli ulcer (BU). A controlled human infection model has the potential to accelerate our knowledge of the immunological correlates of disease, to test prophylactic interventions and novel therapeutics. Here we present microbiological eviden...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - May 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Stephen Muhi Source Type: research
Development and evaluation of a multi-target droplet digital PCR assay for highly sensitive and specific detection of < i > Yersinia pestis < /i >
ConclusionThe ddPCR assay presented good performance for detectingY.pestis DNA from soil and mouse tissue samples, showing great potential for improving the detection rate of low concentrations ofY.pestis in plague surveillance and facilitating the early diagnosis of plague cases. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - May 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Yanting Zhao Source Type: research
A randomised Trial of Autologous Blood products, leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), to promote ulcer healing in LEprosy: The TABLE trial
ConclusionAny benefit from L-PRF appears insufficient to justify routine use in care of neuropathic ulcers in leprosy. Trial registrationISRCTN14933421. Date of trial registration: 16 June 2020. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - May 2, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Indra B. Napit Source Type: research
Eliminate all risks: A call to reexamine the link between canine scabies and rheumatic heart disease
by Victoria J. Brookes, Caitlin E. Henning, Kate A. Worthing, Chris Degeling
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and acute rheumatic fever (ARF) disproportionately affect individuals in low-resource settings. ARF is attributed to an immune response to Group AStreptococcus (GAS) following GAS pharyngitis and potentially GAS impetigo in which infection can be initiated by scabies infestation. The burden of ARF and RHD in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia is among the highest globally. Following recent calls to include dog management programs in ARF and RHD prevention programs, we believe it is timely to as...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - May 2, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Victoria J. Brookes Source Type: research
Elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: The long last mile
by Michael P. Barrett, Gerardo Priotto, Jose R. Franco, Veerle Lejon, Andreas K. Lindner (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - May 1, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Michael P. Barrett Source Type: research
Cholera and diarrheal diseases in Cuamba District, Niassa Province, Mozambique: Systematic healthcare facility-based surveillance strengthening, characteristics of suspected cholera and diarrheal patients, and incidence of diarrheal diseases
Conclusion/SignificanceEfforts were made to strengthen the systematic surveillance of suspected cholera with standardised patient screening, enrolment, and diagnostics. The first basic microbiology laboratory in Niassa Province established in Cuamba District under the MOCA project needs to be integrated into the national network of laboratories for sustainability. No reports of laboratory confirmed cholera cases from the surveillance catchment area may be highly related to the pre-emptive oral cholera vaccine (OCV) mass vaccination campaign conducted in 2018 and the use of drugs by local populations prior to visiting the s...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 30, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Cynthia Sem á Baltazar Source Type: research
Behaviour and distribution of < i > Aedes aegypti < /i > mosquitoes and their relation to dengue incidence in two transmission hotspots in coastal Ecuador
Conclusions/SignificanceAedes aegypti abundance was significantly higher in urban than peri-urban neighbourhoods, and their resting behaviour varied between study sites. This fine-scale spatial heterogeneity inAe.aegypti abundance and behaviour could generate site-specific variation in human exposure and the effectiveness of indoor-based interventions. The trap-dependent nature of associations betweenAedes abundance and local DENV incidence indicates further work is needed to identify robust entomological indicators of infection risk. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 29, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Leonardo D. Ortega-L ópez Source Type: research
Measuring effects of ivermectin-treated cattle on potential malaria vectors in Vietnam: A cluster-randomized trial
ConclusionsThe ability of this study to quantify the impacts of IVM treatment was limited due to unexpectedly large spatiotemporal variability in trapping rates; an area-wide decrease in trapping counts across all six villages post-intervention; and potential spillover effects. However, this study provides important data to directly inform future studies in the GMS and beyond for IVM-based vector control. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 29, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Estee Y. Cramer Source Type: research
Stigma experiences, effects and coping among individuals affected by Buruli ulcer and yaws in Ghana
Conclusions and significanceThe types and levels of stigma varied for BU and yaws. Stigma experiences also differed for adults and children in this setting and these differences should be accounted for in integrated interventions for these skin NTDs. School health programs need to prioritize educating school teachers about skin NTDs and the negative impact of stigma on the wellbeing of children. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 29, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Ruth Dede Tuwor Source Type: research
Tick species diversity and potential distribution alternation of dominant ticks under different climate scenarios in Xinjiang, China
This study constructed a dataset of tick species distribution in Xinjiang for 60 years based on literature database retrieval and historical data collection (January 1963-January 2023). The distribution data were extracted, corrected, and deduplicated. The dominant tick species were selected for analysis using the MaxEnt model to assess their potential distribution in different periods under the current and BCC-CSM2.MR mode scenarios. The results indicated that there are eight genera and 48 species of ticks in 108 cities and counties of Xinjiang, withHyalomma asiaticum,Rhipicephalus turanicus,Dermacentor marginatus, andHae...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 29, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Rui Ma Source Type: research
Progress towards elimination of onchocerciasis in the < i > Region du Sud-Ouest < /i > of Burkina Faso which was previously subject to a recrudescence event after vector control
Conclusions/significanceThe endemicity of onchocerciasis infection in theSud-Ouest region has declined to low levels and seems to be progressing towards elimination. Our findings indicated that biannual CDTI is having good effect, but it should continue for a number of years to ensure elimination of transmission. However, progress towards elimination has a troublesome history in this region, and it would be advisable to select more sentinel villages to have confidence in any future epidemiological and entomological surveys, especially Stop-MDA surveys. With positive individuals migrating between countries, cross-border col...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 29, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Achille Sindimbasba Niki èma Source Type: research
Projection of dengue fever transmissibility under climate change in South and Southeast Asian countries
In conclusion, the change of peak DF transmission potential and disease outbreak duration would vary across locations, particularly under middle-to-high greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Interventions should be considered to slow down global warming as well as the potential increase in DF transmissibility in some locations of South and Southeast Asia. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 29, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Yawen Wang Source Type: research
Phenotypic and functional characteristics of monocyte subsets in the blood and bone marrow of Indian subjects with Visceral Leishmaniasis
We examined monocyte subsets in the blood and bone marrow of patients with VL from an endemic site in Bihar, India, and found these contrasted with the roles of monocytes in CL. During VL, intermediate and non-clas sical CD16+ monocyte subsets expressed instead a non-inflammatory phenotype with low CCR2, high CX3CR1 and low microbicidal oxidant generation, making them more similar to patrolling monocytes than inflammatory cells. Bone marrow CD16+ monocyte subsets expressed a phenotype that might be more simila r to the inflammatory subsets of CL, although our inability to obtain bone marrow from healthy donors in the endem...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 26, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Gulafsha Kausar Source Type: research
Successful treatment of recurrent visceral leishmaniasis relapse in an immunocompetent adult female with functional hypopituitarism in Bangladesh
ConclusionIn the absence of protective vaccines againstLeishmania species and standard treatment regimen, this modified treatment regimen could help the management of recurrent relapse cases. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 26, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Tabiha Binte Hannan Source Type: research
