Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Drugs, Still a Missed Opportunity?
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 30:1-24. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2349046. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe intranasal (IN) route of administration is important for topical drugs and drugs intended to act systemically. More recently, direct nose-to-brain input was considered to bypass the blood-brain barrier.Processes related to IN absorption and nose-to-brain distribution are complex and depend, sometimes in contrasting ways, on chemico-physical and structural parameters of the compounds, and on formulation options.Due to the intricacies of these processes and despite the large number of articles published on many different IN c...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 30, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Maria Luisa Sardu Italo Poggesi Source Type: research
Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Drugs, Still a Missed Opportunity?
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 30:1-24. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2349046. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe intranasal (IN) route of administration is important for topical drugs and drugs intended to act systemically. More recently, direct nose-to-brain input was considered to bypass the blood-brain barrier.Processes related to IN absorption and nose-to-brain distribution are complex and depend, sometimes in contrasting ways, on chemico-physical and structural parameters of the compounds, and on formulation options.Due to the intricacies of these processes and despite the large number of articles published on many different IN c...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 30, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Maria Luisa Sardu Italo Poggesi Source Type: research
Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Drugs, Still a Missed Opportunity?
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 30:1-24. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2349046. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe intranasal (IN) route of administration is important for topical drugs and drugs intended to act systemically. More recently, direct nose-to-brain input was considered to bypass the blood-brain barrier.Processes related to IN absorption and nose-to-brain distribution are complex and depend, sometimes in contrasting ways, on chemico-physical and structural parameters of the compounds, and on formulation options.Due to the intricacies of these processes and despite the large number of articles published on many different IN c...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 30, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Maria Luisa Sardu Italo Poggesi Source Type: research
Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Drugs, Still a Missed Opportunity?
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 30:1-24. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2349046. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe intranasal (IN) route of administration is important for topical drugs and drugs intended to act systemically. More recently, direct nose-to-brain input was considered to bypass the blood-brain barrier.Processes related to IN absorption and nose-to-brain distribution are complex and depend, sometimes in contrasting ways, on chemico-physical and structural parameters of the compounds, and on formulation options.Due to the intricacies of these processes and despite the large number of articles published on many different IN c...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 30, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Maria Luisa Sardu Italo Poggesi Source Type: research
Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Drugs, Still a Missed Opportunity?
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 30:1-24. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2349046. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe intranasal (IN) route of administration is important for topical drugs and drugs intended to act systemically. More recently, direct nose-to-brain input was considered to bypass the blood-brain barrier.Processes related to IN absorption and nose-to-brain distribution are complex and depend, sometimes in contrasting ways, on chemico-physical and structural parameters of the compounds, and on formulation options.Due to the intricacies of these processes and despite the large number of articles published on many different IN c...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 30, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Maria Luisa Sardu Italo Poggesi Source Type: research
mRNA expression levels of cytochrome P450 < em > CYP1A2 < /em > , < em > CYP3A4 < /em > , and < em > CYP3A5 < /em > in the epidermis: a focus on individual differences among Japanese individuals
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 24:1-7. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2344664. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVarious cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) that contribute to drug metabolism are expressed in the skin. However, variation among individuals in CYP expression profiles is not well-understood.To investigate CYPs related to the metabolism of transdermal preparations in Japan, multiple skin tissue specimens of individuals of Japanese descent were prepared, and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 were measured. Associations between the expression patterns of these CYPs and body mass index (BMI) were also investigat...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Hiroko Makihara Mika Maezawa Kazusa Kaiga Toshihiko Satake Mayu Muto Yui Tsunoda Tsutomu Shimada Tomoko Akase Source Type: research
Monomethyl Auristatin E (MMAE), a Payload for Multiple Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs), Demonstrates Differential Red Blood Cell Partitioning Across Human and Animal Species
In this study, we have explored whether MMAE displays differential red blood cell (RBC) partitioning across species that may contribute to the different MMAE levels seen between human and animals.Experiments: To determine MMAE RBC partitioning, tritium labeled MMAE ([3H]-MMAE) was incubated in whole blood from mice, rats, monkeys and humans in vitro, then RBC partitioning was determined and compared across species. To test whether MMAE released from the ADC would show any difference in RBC partitioning, pinatuzumab vedotin or polatuzumab vedotin was administered to mice, rats, and monkeys. MMAE levels were measured in both...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Victor Yip Ola M Saad Doug Leipold Chunze Li Amrita Kamath Ben-Quan Shen Source Type: research
mRNA expression levels of cytochrome P450 < em > CYP1A2 < /em > , < em > CYP3A4 < /em > , and < em > CYP3A5 < /em > in the epidermis: a focus on individual differences among Japanese individuals
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 24:1-7. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2344664. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVarious cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) that contribute to drug metabolism are expressed in the skin. However, variation among individuals in CYP expression profiles is not well-understood.To investigate CYPs related to the metabolism of transdermal preparations in Japan, multiple skin tissue specimens of individuals of Japanese descent were prepared, and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 were measured. Associations between the expression patterns of these CYPs and body mass index (BMI) were also investigat...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Hiroko Makihara Mika Maezawa Kazusa Kaiga Toshihiko Satake Mayu Muto Yui Tsunoda Tsutomu Shimada Tomoko Akase Source Type: research
Monomethyl Auristatin E (MMAE), a Payload for Multiple Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs), Demonstrates Differential Red Blood Cell Partitioning Across Human and Animal Species
In this study, we have explored whether MMAE displays differential red blood cell (RBC) partitioning across species that may contribute to the different MMAE levels seen between human and animals.Experiments: To determine MMAE RBC partitioning, tritium labeled MMAE ([3H]-MMAE) was incubated in whole blood from mice, rats, monkeys and humans in vitro, then RBC partitioning was determined and compared across species. To test whether MMAE released from the ADC would show any difference in RBC partitioning, pinatuzumab vedotin or polatuzumab vedotin was administered to mice, rats, and monkeys. MMAE levels were measured in both...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Victor Yip Ola M Saad Doug Leipold Chunze Li Amrita Kamath Ben-Quan Shen Source Type: research
mRNA expression levels of cytochrome P450 < em > CYP1A2 < /em > , < em > CYP3A4 < /em > , and < em > CYP3A5 < /em > in the epidermis: a focus on individual differences among Japanese individuals
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 24:1-7. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2344664. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVarious cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) that contribute to drug metabolism are expressed in the skin. However, variation among individuals in CYP expression profiles is not well-understood.To investigate CYPs related to the metabolism of transdermal preparations in Japan, multiple skin tissue specimens of individuals of Japanese descent were prepared, and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 were measured. Associations between the expression patterns of these CYPs and body mass index (BMI) were also investigat...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Hiroko Makihara Mika Maezawa Kazusa Kaiga Toshihiko Satake Mayu Muto Yui Tsunoda Tsutomu Shimada Tomoko Akase Source Type: research
Monomethyl Auristatin E (MMAE), a Payload for Multiple Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs), Demonstrates Differential Red Blood Cell Partitioning Across Human and Animal Species
In this study, we have explored whether MMAE displays differential red blood cell (RBC) partitioning across species that may contribute to the different MMAE levels seen between human and animals.Experiments: To determine MMAE RBC partitioning, tritium labeled MMAE ([3H]-MMAE) was incubated in whole blood from mice, rats, monkeys and humans in vitro, then RBC partitioning was determined and compared across species. To test whether MMAE released from the ADC would show any difference in RBC partitioning, pinatuzumab vedotin or polatuzumab vedotin was administered to mice, rats, and monkeys. MMAE levels were measured in both...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Victor Yip Ola M Saad Doug Leipold Chunze Li Amrita Kamath Ben-Quan Shen Source Type: research
mRNA expression levels of cytochrome P450 < em > CYP1A2 < /em > , < em > CYP3A4 < /em > , and < em > CYP3A5 < /em > in the epidermis: a focus on individual differences among Japanese individuals
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 24:1-7. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2344664. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVarious cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) that contribute to drug metabolism are expressed in the skin. However, variation among individuals in CYP expression profiles is not well-understood.To investigate CYPs related to the metabolism of transdermal preparations in Japan, multiple skin tissue specimens of individuals of Japanese descent were prepared, and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 were measured. Associations between the expression patterns of these CYPs and body mass index (BMI) were also investigat...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Hiroko Makihara Mika Maezawa Kazusa Kaiga Toshihiko Satake Mayu Muto Yui Tsunoda Tsutomu Shimada Tomoko Akase Source Type: research
Monomethyl Auristatin E (MMAE), a Payload for Multiple Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs), Demonstrates Differential Red Blood Cell Partitioning Across Human and Animal Species
In this study, we have explored whether MMAE displays differential red blood cell (RBC) partitioning across species that may contribute to the different MMAE levels seen between human and animals.Experiments: To determine MMAE RBC partitioning, tritium labeled MMAE ([3H]-MMAE) was incubated in whole blood from mice, rats, monkeys and humans in vitro, then RBC partitioning was determined and compared across species. To test whether MMAE released from the ADC would show any difference in RBC partitioning, pinatuzumab vedotin or polatuzumab vedotin was administered to mice, rats, and monkeys. MMAE levels were measured in both...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Victor Yip Ola M Saad Doug Leipold Chunze Li Amrita Kamath Ben-Quan Shen Source Type: research
mRNA expression levels of cytochrome P450 < em > CYP1A2 < /em > , < em > CYP3A4 < /em > , and < em > CYP3A5 < /em > in the epidermis: a focus on individual differences among Japanese individuals
Xenobiotica. 2024 Apr 24:1-7. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2344664. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVarious cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) that contribute to drug metabolism are expressed in the skin. However, variation among individuals in CYP expression profiles is not well-understood.To investigate CYPs related to the metabolism of transdermal preparations in Japan, multiple skin tissue specimens of individuals of Japanese descent were prepared, and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 were measured. Associations between the expression patterns of these CYPs and body mass index (BMI) were also investigat...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Hiroko Makihara Mika Maezawa Kazusa Kaiga Toshihiko Satake Mayu Muto Yui Tsunoda Tsutomu Shimada Tomoko Akase Source Type: research
Monomethyl Auristatin E (MMAE), a Payload for Multiple Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs), Demonstrates Differential Red Blood Cell Partitioning Across Human and Animal Species
In this study, we have explored whether MMAE displays differential red blood cell (RBC) partitioning across species that may contribute to the different MMAE levels seen between human and animals.Experiments: To determine MMAE RBC partitioning, tritium labeled MMAE ([3H]-MMAE) was incubated in whole blood from mice, rats, monkeys and humans in vitro, then RBC partitioning was determined and compared across species. To test whether MMAE released from the ADC would show any difference in RBC partitioning, pinatuzumab vedotin or polatuzumab vedotin was administered to mice, rats, and monkeys. MMAE levels were measured in both...
Source: Xenobiotica - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Victor Yip Ola M Saad Doug Leipold Chunze Li Amrita Kamath Ben-Quan Shen Source Type: research
