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This page shows you the 20 most read items in the past 30 days within this specialty in the MedWorm directory.

Pregnancy and multiple sclerosis: feto-maternal immune cross talk and its implications for disease activity
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of presumed autoimmune origin. Intriguingly, pregnancy in female MS patients is associated with a substantial decrease in relapse rate. However, post-partum the relapse rate increases in a rebounding fashion above the rate seen before pregnancy. Wide gaps remain in our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying these pregnancy-related effects in MS patients. To date, most attempts to explain MS disease amelioration during pregnancy have focused on levels of circulating hormones with immunomodulatory properti...
Source: Journal of Reproductive Immunology - February 22, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Konstantinos Patas, Jan Broder Engler, Manuel A. Friese, Stefan M. Gold Source Type: research

Progress in immune‐based therapies for Type 1 diabetes
With the exception of one or two early attempts at disease modulation, the field of immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes did not develop significant momentum until the 1980s, during which a series of studies were initiated that made use of a drug (ciclosporin), which had by then revolutionized immune suppression in the setting of organ transplantation. Some 20 years on from those early successes, in 2007 we reviewed the status of intervention and prevention trials for type 1 diabetes [1]. The timing of our commentary was significant; the first major advance since ciclosporin had recently emerged, notably with the publication ...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Immunology - February 5, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Matthias Herrath, Mark Peakman, Bart Roep Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Predominance of activated, clonally expanded Th17 cells within the CD4+ T cell population in psoriatic lesions
Summary Recent evidence points to the T helper subset Th17 as key in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, but cells of this type in lesions remain to be fully characterized. Here we isolated, enumerated, functionally tested, and clonotyped, the CD4+ Th cell population ex vivo from lesional biopsies and paired peripheral blood samples from psoriasis patients. Th17 cells were dramatically over‐represented in lesions from all patients, representing 49 to 93% of CD4+ Th cells compared with 3 to 18% in blood. Most lesional Th17 cells produced IL‐17A ex vivo without further stimulation and expressed the CD45RO+ phenotype character...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Immunology - February 7, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Barry J. Lewis, Sanjay Rajpara, Anne M. Haggart, Heather M. Wilson, Robert N. Barker, Anthony D. Ormerod Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The multifunctional role of filaggrin in allergic skin disease
Filaggrin is a major structural protein in the stratum corneum of the epidermis. Mutations in the filaggrin gene are the most significant known genetic risk factor for the development of atopic dermatitis. Mutations in the human filaggrin gene (FLG) also confer risk for the associated allergic diseases of food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. These discoveries have highlighted the importance of skin barrier function in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases and have motivated a surge in research characterizing the filaggrin-deficient skin barrier and its consequences. In this review we discuss the mechanisms through wh...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 1, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Maeve A. McAleer, Alan D. Irvine Tags: Mechanisms of allergic diseases Source Type: research

Phylogenetic Analysis of Isolated HCV Strains from Tunisian Hemodialysis Patients
Viral Immunology , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Viral Immunology)
Source: Viral Immunology - February 1, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: article Source Type: research

Combined DOCK8 and CLEC7A mutations causing immunodeficiency in 3 brothers with diarrhea, eczema, and infections
We report 4 brothers from a consanguineous Italian family with an immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by severe eczema, milk and egg allergies, recurrent infections, intractable diarrhea, failure to thrive, and, in 2 of the 3 surviving brothers, lymphoma. One of the brothers (patient II-2) died at age 12 months of cardiovascular failure caused by intractable diarrhea, and the other 3 were evaluated as part of this study ( and , A). The proband (patient II-1) presented shortly after birth with severe eczema and intractable diarrhea without gastrointestinal infection. In the first year of life, he had multiple allergies ...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 1, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Darrell L. Dinwiddie, Stephen F. Kingsmore, Sonia Caracciolo, Giuseppe Rossi, Daniele Moratto, Cinzia Mazza, Cristiano Sabelli, Rosa Bacchetta, Laura Passerini, Chiara Magri, Callum J. Bell, Neil A. Miller, Shannon L. Hateley, Carol J. Saunders, Lu Zhang, Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Tots May Be Best Candidates for Peanut Allergy Tx (CME/CE)
SAN ANTONIO (MedPage Today) -- For children with peanut allergies, starting oral tolerance therapy while they are still toddlers may be beneficial, researchers said here. (Source: MedPage Today Allergy)
Source: MedPage Today Allergy - February 27, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: news

Deficiency of caspase recruitment domain family, member 11 (CARD11), causes profound combined immunodeficiency in human subjects
Conclusion: Thus in patients with CARD11 deficiency, the combination of impaired activation and especially upregulation of inducible T-cell costimulator on T cells, together with severely disturbed peripheral B-cell differentiation, apparently leads to a defective T-cell/B-cell cooperation and probably germinal center formation and clinically results in severe immunodeficiency. This report discloses the crucial and nonredundant role of canonical NF-κB activation and specifically CARD11 in the antigen-specific immune response in human subjects. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 1, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Polina Stepensky, Baerbel Keller, Mary Buchta, Anne-Kathrin Kienzler, Orly Elpeleg, Raz Somech, Sivan Cohen, Idit Shachar, Lisa A. Miosge, Michael Schlesier, Ilka Fuchs, Anselm Enders, Hermann Eibel, Bodo Grimbacher, Klaus Warnatz Tags: Immune deficiencies, infection, and systemic immune disorders Source Type: research

Reproductive Immunology: Piece by piece
Nearly seven decades ago, Ray Owen's observation of feto-fetal transfusion in dizygotic cattle twins led to the concept of immunological tolerance (). This observation immediately nurtured the dialogue among scientists why the semiallogeneic fetus is protected from rejection by the maternal immune system () and ‘gave birth’ to the research area of Reproductive Immunology. Concurrently, the presence of sperm-agglutinating antibodies had been linked to infertility in men and women (, ). Since then, the field of Reproductive Immunology has experienced rapid growth and significant contributions have been made to unravel ho...
Source: Journal of Reproductive Immunology - February 22, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Petra Arck, Maria Emilia Solano, Kurpisz Maciej, Sarah Robertson Source Type: research

UAB's Whitley Asserts Urgent Need For New Antibiotics In CDC Health-Care Blog
As the deaths and suffering caused by antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections continue to rise around the world, now is the time to support a global commitment to develop 10 new antibiotics by 2020, says Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) President Richard Whitley, M.D., a renowned researcher and infectious disease physician at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB)... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 22, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses Source Type: news

Anemia Tougher To Tackle In Black Children With Kidney Disease
Black children with chronic kidney disease have more severe anemia than white children even when they receive the same treatment, according to a multicenter study led by Johns Hopkins Children's Center to be published in the May issue of the American Journal of Kidney Disease... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 27, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Pediatrics / Children's Health Source Type: news

Animal models for anti-angiogenic therapy in endometriosis
Abstract: Endometriosis is a gynecological disease characterized by the growth of endometrium outside of the uterine cavity. It is often associated with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pelvic pain and infertility. One of the key requirements for endometriotic lesions to survive is development of a blood supply to support their growth. Indeed, dense vascularization is characteristic feature of endometriotic lesions. This has led to the idea that suppression of blood vessel growth (anti-angiogenic therapy) may be a successful therapeutic approach for endometriosis. Potential effectiveness of anti-angiogenic therapies has been ass...
Source: Journal of Reproductive Immunology - February 22, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Andrew K. Edwards, Diane S. Nakamura, Sophia Virani, Jocelyn M. Wessels, Chandrakant Tayade Source Type: research

Innate and adaptive anti-HIV immune responses in the female reproductive tract
Abstract: The mucosal surface of the female reproductive tract (FRT) is the primary site of transmission for a plethora of sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), that represent a significant burden upon womens’ health worldwide. However, fundamental aspects of innate and adaptive immune protection against HIV infection in the FRT are poorly understood. The FRT immune system is regulated by the cyclical changes of the sex hormones estradiol and progesterone across the menstrual cycle, which as we have hypothesized, leads to the creation of a window of vulnerability during the secret...
Source: Journal of Reproductive Immunology - February 22, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Marta Rodriguez-Garcia, Mickey V. Patel, Charles R. Wira Source Type: research

Cancer-Fighting Cells Boosted By Carbon Nanotubes
Yale University engineers have found that the defects in carbon nanotubes cause T cell antigens to cluster in the blood and stimulate the body's natural immune response. Their findings, which appear as the cover article of the April 20 issue of the journal Langmuir, could improve current adoptive immunotherapy, a treatment used to boost the body's ability to fight cancer... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 22, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cancer / Oncology Source Type: news

Less Is More! Nanopatch Is 100 Times Better Than Needle And Syringe
New research, led by Professor Mark Kendall, from UQ's Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, demonstrates that a vaccine delivered by a Nanopatch™ induces a similarly protective immune response as a vaccine delivered by needle and syringe, but uses 100 times less vaccine... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 25, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Immune System / Vaccines Source Type: news

Salmonella's "Safety Catch" Could Be A New Drug Target, UK Study
Researchers in the UK have discovered that Salmonella bacteria have a "safety catch" that holds back the invasion of virulent proteins into host cells until conditions are right, and suggest this might be a target for new drugs or vaccines against Salmonella and other pathogens that work in a similar way... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 22, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses Source Type: news

Alzheimer's Vaccine AD02 Already In Clinical Phase II
AFFiRiS AG's clinical Alzheimer's vaccine candidate AD02 has already progressed to phase II clinical testing. It may therefore be possible to confirm the efficacy of the vaccine as early as during 2012. Indeed the start of this efficacy study comes only five months after the completion of the corresponding phase I study... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 24, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Alzheimer's / Dementia Source Type: news

NanoBio(R) Launches Development Program For A Therapeutic Intranasal Vaccine For The Treatment Of Hepatitis B
NanoBio® Corporation today announced an initiative to develop an intranasal vaccine for the treatment of hepatitis B (HBV)... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 21, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Liver Disease / Hepatitis Source Type: news

Mystic Pharmaceuticals Receives U.S. Patent For Needle-Free Vaccine And Drug Delivery Technology
Mystic Pharmaceuticals today announced it has been granted U.S. Patent 7,669,597, a key technology of its VRx2™ drug delivery platform. The VRx2™ Delivery Platform provides preservative free, precision dose delivery for ophthalmic and intranasal drugs and biologics... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 25, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Immune System / Vaccines Source Type: news

The Remarkable Effects Of Fat Loss On The Immune System
Australian scientists have shown for the first time that even modest weight loss reverses many of the damaging changes often seen in the immune cells of obese people, particularly those with Type 2 diabetes. The immune system is made up of many different kinds of cells that protect the body from germs, viruses and other invaders... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - April 21, 2010 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness Source Type: news