Anatomy Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 23.

Anterolateral thigh free flap for the reconstruction of through and through defect of cheek following cancer ablation
Sanjay Rastogi, Bipin Patwardhan, Amit Gulati, Muhamad Nishad ThayathIndian Journal of Dental Research 2012 23(2):275-278The anterolateral thigh flap is a highly versatile and reliable flap for use in the reconstruction of various soft-tissue defects of the head and neck. This flap has gained great popularity due to its versatility, ability for a two-team approach, and minimal donor site morbidity. However, it has not met the same enthusiasm in the armamentarium of Maxillofacial Surgeons due to its relative difficulty in perforator dissection, reported variations of the vascular anatomy, and the presumed increased thicknes...
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Dental Research : 2006 - 17(3) - September 3, 2012 Category: Dentistry Authors: Sanjay RastogiBipin PatwardhanAmit GulatiMuhamad Nishad Thayath Source Type: research

Physical activity is linked to ceruloplasmin in the striatum of intact but not MPTP-treated primates
Abstract Ceruloplasmin is a protective ferroxidase. Although some studies suggest that plasma ceruloplasmin levels are raised by exercise, the impact of exercise on brain ceruloplasmin is unknown. We have examined whether striatal ceruloplasmin is raised with treadmill exercise and/or is correlated with spontaneous physical activity in rhesus monkeys. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by a loss in ceruloplasmin and, similarly, Parkinson’s models lead to a loss in antioxidant defenses. Exercise might protect against Parkinson’s disease and is known to prevent antioxidant loss in experimental models. ...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - September 2, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research

Basilar trunk perforator artery aneurysms. Case report and literature review
Abstract Perforator artery aneurysms of the basilar trunk are rarely described in the literature. In addition to presenting our own case, we performed a PubMed search to comprehensively illustrate demographics, hemorrhage patterns, and treatment outcomes for these lesions. We found 12 patients with basilar perforator artery aneurysms. Mean patient age was 47.3, and there was a 3:1 male to female predominance. All patients had ruptured aneurysms, though all were clinically low or medium grade (I–III). Six patients had diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and six had prepontine and/or perimesencephalic hem...
Source: Urosurgical Review - September 2, 2012 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: Neurosurgical Review Source Type: research

Anatomical, architectural, and biochemical diversity of the murine forelimb muscles.
This report establishes the anatomical and biochemical properties of mouse forelimb muscles. Given the prevalence of this species in biological studies, these data will be invaluable for studying the biological basis of mouse muscle structure and function. PMID: 22938020 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Mathewson MA, Chapman MA, Hentzen ER, Fridén J, Lieber RL Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

Structural tissue organization in the beak of Java and Darwin's finches.
Abstract Birds are well known for occupying diverse feeding niches, and for having evolved diverse beak morphologies associated with dietary specialization. Birds that feed on hard seeds typically possess beaks that are both deep and wide, presumably because of selection for fracture avoidance, as suggested by prior studies. It follows then that birds that eat seeds of different size and hardness should vary in one or more aspects of beak morphology, including the histological organization of the rhamphotheca, the cellular interface that binds the rhamphotheca to the bone, and the organization of trabeculae in the ...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Genbrugge A, Adriaens D, De Kegel B, Brabant L, Van Hoorebeke L, Podos J, Dirckx J, Aerts P, Herrel A Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

The inner ear of Diacodexis, the oldest artiodactyl mammal.
Abstract We provide the first detailed description of the inner ear of the oldest artiodactyl, Diacodexis, based on a three-dimensional reconstruction extracted from computed tomography imagery of a skull of Diacodexis ilicis of earliest Wasatchian age (ca. 55 Ma). This description provides new anatomical data for the earliest artiodactyls, and reveals that the bony labyrinth of Diacodexis differs greatly from that of modern artiodactyls described so far. The bony labyrinth of Diacodexis presents a weakly coiled cochlea (720 °), a secondary common crus, a dorsal extension of the anterior semicircular canal mor...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Orliac MJ, Benoit J, O'Leary MA Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

The role of selected risk factors for development of oesophageal cancer
Abstract A hospital-based analytical observational case-control study of 88 oesophageal cancer cases and 200 controls was conducted in the University Hospital Olomouc. A standardized questionnaire was used. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) are calculated by logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratios for tobacco smoking were 6.20 (95% CI 2.78–13.83), 10.64 (95% CI 3.46–32.72) and 3.53 (95% CI 1.26–9.88) for oesophageal cancer, for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, respectively. An inverse association with overweight and obesity was found in both histological types. In a...
Source: Central European Journal of Medicine - September 1, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Central European Journal of Medicine Source Type: research

The creation and verification of cranial models using three-dimensional rapid prototyping technology in field of transnasal sphenoid endoscopy.
CONCLUSION: These 3D models can be reliably used for teaching/training and preoperative planning purposes. PMID: 23168144 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy - September 1, 2012 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Waran V, Menon R, Pancharatnam D, Rathinam AK, Balakrishnan YK, Tung TS, Raman R, Prepageran N, Chandran H, Rahman ZA Tags: Am J Rhinol Allergy Source Type: research

Superior Labrum, Anterior, and Posterior Tears
Superior labrum, anterior and posterior (SLAP) tears are among the most common injuries seen in the adult shoulder. Several normal anatomic variations occur. This necessitates appropriate understanding of normal anatomy and pathology, including the classifications schemes for SLAP. Tips and techniques for repair of SLAP tears are also discussed.
Source: Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine - September 1, 2012 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Daniel J. Solomon, John M. Tokish Tags: Biceps Source Type: research

Clinical Anatomy, Biomechanics, Physiologic Function, History, Examination, and Radiographic Evaluation of the Biceps
The proximal biceps tendon is a unique structure that can be a pain generator frustrating for both patient and clinician. Its anatomic position in close relation to other critical structures of the joint, such as the RC, makes it prone for biomechanical stresses, as well as difficult to isolate as a sole cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. The tendon originates with variable fiber insertions from the glenoid labrum and supraglenoid tubercle with slight anatomic variations. Before entering the intertubercular groove, the tendon is guided by the structures of the “pulley” system, which include the tendon of the supra...
Source: Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine - September 1, 2012 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Knut Beitzel, Augustus D. Mazzocca, Robert A. Arciero Tags: Biceps Source Type: research

History, Physical Examination, Radiographic Anatomy, and Biomechanics and Physiological Function of the Rotator Cuff
Management of symptomatic rotator cuff tears involves obtaining a careful history and performing a thorough physical examination. Imaging studies can confirm the working diagnosis, and supplement treatment decision making. Understanding the biomechanics and function of the rotator cuff is important when considering the surgical options during repair to optimize the outcomes for a given individual.
Source: Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine - September 1, 2012 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Maxwell C. Park, James E. Tibone, Thay Q. Lee Tags: Rotator Cuff Source Type: research

Diastolic Flow Parameters Are Not Sensitive in Predicting Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Patients Undergoing Hybrid Procedure
ConclusionEchocardiographic indices were not sensitive in determining the development of NEC in patients undergoing the hybrid procedure. Larger studies with more sensitive imaging techniques are required to help risk stratify NEC in this complex patient population.
Source: Congenital Heart Disease - September 1, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Corin Cozzi, Jack Stines, Wendy A. Luce, John Hayes, John P. Cheatham, Mark Galantowicz, Clifford L. Cua Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Technical Tips for Managing Difficult Iliac Access
Difficult iliac artery access remains one of the limiting factors in the successful application of endovascular management of abdominal and thoracic aortic pathologies. An understanding of the scope of the problem, as well as the recognition of patient characteristics that increase the likelihood of difficult access are paramount in preoperative planning. Herein we discuss the specific challenges of aorto-iliac access as well as provide a treatment algorithm for avoiding aorto-iliac complications. Alternative access strategies and emergency bail-out procedures are discussed. A thorough understanding of the preoperative ana...
Source: Seminars in Vascular Surgery - September 1, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Heather Early, Marvin Atkins Source Type: research

Implant-retained removable partial denture
The benefits of using dental implants to stabilize complete overdentures are well documented, but implants can also be used to stabilize removable partial dentures (RPDs). Oral anatomy and available teeth are vital components of an RPD stabilization plan. When the ridges are highly resorbed and there are too few suitable abutment teeth, stability is poor. In addition, RPDs with distal extensions, Kennedy class I and II, are usually less stable than those engaging distal abutment teeth. If only one distal abutment tooth is lost, the RPD becomes unstable. Several problems arise when clasps are used on anterior teeth, includi...
Source: Dental Abstracts - September 1, 2012 Category: Dentistry Tags: Implants Source Type: research

Anomalous hepatic vein anatomy of the left lateral section graft and customized unification venoplasty for pediatric living donor liver transplantation
In conclusion, nearly all LHV variations can be effectively managed by customized unification venoplasty. These venoplasty techniques represent beneficial surgical options as part of graft standardization for hepatic vein reconstruction in pediatric living donor liver transplantation. © 2012 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Source: Liver Transplantation - September 1, 2012 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Shin Hwang, Ki‐Hun Kim, Dae‐Yeon Kim, Kyoung‐Mo Kim, Chul‐Soo Ahn, Deok‐Bog Moon, Tae‐Yong Ha, Gi‐Won Song, Dong‐Hwan Jung, Jung‐Man Namgoong, Gil‐Chun Park, David C. Cronin 2, Sung‐Gyu Lee Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Minimally Invasive Repair of Meta-bones
Metacarpal and metatarsal fractures are common injuries in small animals and, in most of the cases, can be treated by minimally invasive techniques. Bone plates applied through epi-periosteal tunnels can stabilize meta-bones. Meta-bones III and IV are stabilized by dorsally applied plates. Meta-bones II and V are stabilized using plates applied medially and laterally. The scarcity of soft tissue coverage and the simple anatomy of meta-bones make these fractures amenable to fixation by using minimally invasive techniques. This practice should reduce morbidity and enhance healing time.
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Alessandro Piras, Tomás G. Guerrero Source Type: research

Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Small Animals: Radius and Ulna Fractures
This article describes the MIPO technique, which entails stabilization of the fractured radius with a bone plate and screws that are applied without performing an extensive open surgical approach. This technique results in good outcomes, including a rapid time to union and return of function.
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Caleb C. Hudson, Daniel D. Lewis, Antonio Pozzi Source Type: research

MIPO Techniques for the Humerus in Small Animals
Knowledge of regional and topographic anatomy is paramount for success when using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for fracture management. Preoperative planning is essential for an optimal outcome and reducing stress among the surgical team; factors to consider include biologic assessment, mechanical assessment, clinical assessment, portal placement, and implant selection. MIPO is a useful technique for the direct or indirect reduction of humeral diaphyseal fractures. Implants should span the length of the bone for ease of implant application and to optimize the mechanical advantage of the implant. After sur...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Don Hulse Source Type: research

Clinics in diagnostic imaging (141). Complete anterior cruciate ligament tear.
Abstract A 38-year-old man presented with right knee pain and swelling following a football injury. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed a complete anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear and lateral meniscal tears. The torn ACL was repaired with a graft obtained from the semitendinosus muscle, and the menisci were debrided. The mechanisms of injury to the ACL are varied and may be due to direct or indirect contact with the knee as well as with twisting injuries. Knowledge of the ACL's normal anatomy, together with MR imaging technique and understanding of the appearance of the lesion on MR examination, is crucial ...
Source: Singapore Medical Journal - September 1, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Lim MY, Peh WC Tags: Singapore Med J Source Type: research

Experimental exploration of the soft tissue conduction pathway from skin stimulation site to inner ear.
CONCLUSIONS: When the air (which has a very low acoustic impedance) that normally surrounds most of the inner ear is replaced with saline solution (which has an acoustic impedance similar to that of soft tissues), the STC threshold is improved. This improvement may be due to improved transmission of acoustic energy from the soft tissues to the inner ear. PMID: 23012903 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology - September 1, 2012 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: de Jong MA, Perez R, Adelman C, Sohmer H Tags: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Source Type: research

Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration of Gastric Varices from Unconventional Systemic Veins in the Absence of Gastrorenal Shunts
Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration of gastric varices in the absence of a gastrorenal shunts can still be performed through unconventional venous routes, such as the left inferior phrenic (ascending portion or transverse portion), pericardial, and azygous-hemiazygous veins. This requires detailed knowledge of venous anatomy, impeccable preprocedural imaging for planning, and high-skill set techniques with smaller balloon-occlusion catheters. The technical results appear to be high (67%-83% depending on the access venous system available), but are lower than conventional balloon-occluded retrograde transve...
Source: Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology - September 1, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Takuji Araki, Wael E.A. Saad Source Type: research

Blood Pressure and Blood Volume: Acute and Chronic Considerations in Hemodialysis
Abstract Hypertension is highly prevalent yet poorly controlled in the majority of dialysis patients and represents a significant burden of disease, with rates of morbidity and mortality greater than those in the general population. In dialysis, blood volume plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, with expansion of extracellular volume increasingly recognized as an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Within the current paradigm of dialysis prescription the majority of patients remain chronically volume expanded. However, management of blood pressure and volume state is difficult for clin...
Source: Seminars In Dialysis - September 1, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Michelle C. Lewicki, Peter G. Kerr, Kevan R. Polkinghorne Tags: Review Source Type: research

Intracardiac Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Thrombus Formation in the Left Atrial Appendage: A Complementary Role to Transesophageal Echocardiography
ConclusionICE can provide serial assessment, multiple views, and detailed imaging of the LAA to reliably diagnose the presence of thrombus. Our findings support the use of ICE when equivocal TEE findings require confirmation prior to electrophysiological procedures.
Source: Echocardiography - September 1, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jian‐Fang Ren, Francis E. Marchlinski, Gregory E. Supple, Mathew D. Hutchinson, Fermin C. Garcia, Michael P. Riley, David Lin, Erica S. Zado, David J. Callans, Victor A. Ferrari Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Chronic electrical stimulation of transected peripheral nerves preserves anatomy and function in the primary somatosensory cortex
Abstract The structure and function of the central nervous system strongly depend on the organization and efficacy of the incoming sensory input. A disruption of somesthetic input severely alters the metabolic activity, electrophysiological properties and even gross anatomical features of the primary somatosensory cortex. Here we examined, in the rat somatosensory cortex, the neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of artificial sensory stimulation after irreversible unilateral transection of a peripheral sensory nerve (the infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve). The proximal stump of the nerve was inserted into a si...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - September 1, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Celia Herrera‐Rincon, Carlos Torets, Abel Sanchez‐Jimenez, Carlos Avendaño, Fivos Panetsos Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

External branch of the superior laryngeal nerve: applied surgical anatomy and implications in thyroid surgery.
Abstract The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) is the only motor supply to the cricothyroid muscle and has an important role during phonation in high frequencies. Iatrogenic injury of the EBSLN, most commonly during thyroid surgery, is associated with varying levels of alterations in phonation, which may have an impact on a patient's life, especially when his or her career depends on the full range of voice. EBSLN injury incidence after thyroid surgery ranges widely in the literature (0 to 58%). Despite this wide variation, it appears that EBSLN injury is a not uncommon, and frequently overloo...
Source: The American Surgeon - September 1, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Sakorafas GH, Kokoropoulos P, Lappas C, Sampanis D, Smyrniotis V Tags: Am Surg Source Type: research

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome: more than bursitis and iliotibial tract friction.
Greater trochanteric pain syndrome: more than bursitis and iliotibial tract friction. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2012 Sep;11(5):232-8 Authors: Ho GW, Howard TM Abstract Disorders causing lateral hip pain are encountered frequently by physicians. Evaluating these problems can be challenging because of the myriad of potential causes, the complex anatomy of the peritrochanteric structures, and the inconsistently described etiologic factors. Misconceptions about the causes of lateral hip pain and tenderness are common, frequently leading to approaches that only provide temporary solutions rather than address the unde...
Source: Current Sports Medicine Reports - September 1, 2012 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Ho GW, Howard TM Tags: Curr Sports Med Rep Source Type: research

Anatomy of the Sinoatrial Nodal Branch in Korean Population: Imaging with MDCT.
CONCLUSION: This study can provide basic data on variations of the SAN artery in the Korean population. PMID: 22977324 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Korean J Radiol - September 1, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Song YS, Lee W, Park EA, Chung JW, Park JH Tags: Korean J Radiol Source Type: research

Percutaneous acetabuloplasty: a cadaveric study.
This study established safe starting points and orientation for guidewires and radiograph projections associated with percutaneous access to the periacetabular regions. The findings in this study will be useful for developing minimally invasive approaches to these regions for the treatment of osteolytic lesions of diverse etiology. However, a biomechanical evaluation of the impact of these bony channels on the strength of pelvis under physiological and unanticipated loading must be performed before this technique can be safely translated to clinical practice. PMID: 22955396 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Orthopedics - September 1, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Eilers M, Banerjee D, Beck RT, Freitag P, Saleh KJ Tags: Orthopedics Source Type: research

Bilateral extensor digitorum brevis manus.
This article describes a case of a young patient who presented with bilateral symptomatic extensor digitorum brevis manus anomalies that required surgical intervention. An extensor digitorum brevis manus is present in 3% of the population in a classic anatomy study from Japan and is most commonly symptomatic with heavy activity and extremes of wrist extension. Anatomically, the extensor digitorum brevis manus is located in the fourth wrist compartment and most commonly inserts on the index finger extensor mechanism. Examination often reveals a spindle-shaped mass that is palpable distal to the extensor mechanism and moves ...
Source: Orthopedics - September 1, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Froelich JM, Bidgoli-Moghaddam M, Moran SL Tags: Orthopedics Source Type: research

The feral horse foot. Part A: observational study of the effect of environment on the morphometrics of the feet of 100 Australian feral horses
ConclusionsThe morphology of the feral horse foot appeared to be affected by the distance travelled and by the abrasive qualities and mechanical properties of the substrate under foot. There were marked differences in some conformation parameters between the feral horses in the current study and domestic horses in previous studies. Although the conformation of the feral horse foot may have some prescriptive value, concerns regarding abnormal foot anatomy warrant further investigation.
Source: Australian Veterinary Journal - September 1, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: BA Hampson, MA Laat, PC Mills, CC Pollitt Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Painful black toe - a case study.
This article illustrates a clinical scenario in which, without any intervention, the ischaemic anatomy may dry up and mummify. It is a remarkable reminder of the natural history of such events. DISCUSSION: Medical management including analgesia, wound care, infection control and aggressive modification of atherosclerotic risks factors may contribute to a better prognosis. For inoperable cases, pneumatic compression and spinal cord stimulation can be considered to relieve symptoms and improve wound healing. PMID: 22962648 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Australian Family Physician - September 1, 2012 Category: Primary Care Authors: Leung L Tags: Aust Fam Physician Source Type: research

Current and future interventions for glenohumeral subluxation in hemiplegia secondary to stroke.
Abstract Poststroke shoulder pain is a common issue and can be caused by glenohumeral subluxation. This entity hinders function and quality of life and is caused by changes in tone and loss of fi ne control of the shoulder joints' supporting structures after a stroke. Current treatments are limited in number and effectiveness and have significant problems and limitations to their use. Furthermore, prior to percutaneous implantable neuromuscular electrical stimulation, there was no evidence for any treatment to provide relief for chronic hemiplegic shoulder pain from glenohumeral subluxation. This clinical review pr...
Source: Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation - September 1, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Stolzenberg D, Siu G, Cruz E Tags: Top Stroke Rehabil Source Type: research

[Search of a cephalometric reference line].
Abstract The variability of cephalometric reference lines is examined in this article with regard to typology, natural orientation of the head, orientation by the vestibular system, and anatomy. It appears that these lines have orientations that vary with individual subjects, that is, a line is not the same in a specific person as it is in a theoretical model that is based on average values. It follows from this that the deviation observed between a patient's measurement and the average could just as well reflect variations in the reference lines as it does of those of the structures b...
Source: L' Orthodontie Francaise - September 1, 2012 Category: Dentistry Authors: Philippe J Tags: Orthod Fr Source Type: research

Flow‐through fibula flap using soleus branch as distal runoff: A case report
Abstract The flow‐through fibula flap utilizing the soleus branch as a distal runoff has not yet been reported. We herein present a patient with left tibial adamantimoma in whom wide resection of the tumor resulted in a segmental tibial defect 22 cm in length. The defect was successfully reconstructed with a flow‐through free fibula osteocutaneous flap using the soleus branch of the peroneal artery as a distal runoff. The short T‐segment of the peroneal artery was interposed to the transected posterior tibial artery. The soleus branch has a constant anatomy and a larger diameter than the distal stump of the peroneal ...
Source: Microsurgery - September 1, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Shimpei Miyamoto, Shuji Kayano, Hiroki Umezawa, Masahide Fujiki, Minoru Sakuraba Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Neuroanatomical correlation of the House-Brackmann grading system in the microsurgical treatment of vestibular schwannoma.
In this report, the authors first describe the facial nerve anatomy, the House-Brackmann grading system, and factors known to be predictors of postoperative facial nerve outcome. The mechanisms and pathophysiology of facial nerve injury during VS surgery are then discussed, as well as factors affecting facial nerve regeneration after surgery. PMID: 22937858 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neurosurgical Focus - September 1, 2012 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Sun MZ, Oh MC, Safaee M, Kaur G, Parsa AT Tags: Neurosurg Focus Source Type: research

Quantifying the margin sharpness of lesions on radiological images for content-based image retrieval.
Conclusions: The authors have described a new image feature to quantify the margin sharpness of lesions. It has strong correlation with known margin sharpness in simulated images and in clinical CT images containing liver lesions and lung nodules. This image feature has excellent performance for retrieving images with similar margin characteristics, suggesting potential utility, in conjunction with other lesion features, for content-based image retrieval applications. PMID: 22957608 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Physics - September 1, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Xu J, Napel S, Greenspan H, Beaulieu CF, Agrawal N, Rubin D Tags: Med Phys Source Type: research

Investigation of four-dimensional (4D) Monte Carlo dose calculation in real-time tumor tracking stereotatic body radiotherapy for lung cancers.
Conclusions: The large discrepancy between original 3D(EPL) plan and benchmarking 4D(MC) plan is predominately due to dose calculation algorithms as the tracking beam motion and organ deformation hardly influenced doses of normal tissues and moderately decreased V(60Gy∕48Gy) and D(99) of GTV. It is worth to make a thoughtful weight of the benefits of full 4D(MC) dose calculation and consider 3D(MC) dose calculation as a compromise of 4D(MC) dose calculation considering the multifold computation time. PMID: 22957615 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Physics - September 1, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Chan MK, Kwong DL, Ng SC, Tam EK, Tong AS Tags: Med Phys Source Type: research

Experimental validation of an intrasubject elastic registration algorithm for dynamic-3D ultrasound images.
Conclusions: The proposed feature-based registration technique has the potential for real-time implementation on a computationally inexpensive platform and has the capability of recovering nonrigid deformations in tissue with reasonable accuracy. PMID: 22957616 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Physics - September 1, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Khallaghi S, Leung CG, Hastrudi-Zaad K, Foroughi P, Nguan C, Abolmaesumi P Tags: Med Phys Source Type: research

Four-dimensional cone beam CT reconstruction and enhancement using a temporal nonlocal means method.
Conclusions: By innovatively taking the temporal redundancy among 4D-CBCT images into consideration, the proposed algorithms can produce high quality 4D-CBCT images with much less streak artifacts than the FDK results, in the situation of inadequate number of projections. PMID: 22957625 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Physics - September 1, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Jia X, Tian Z, Lou Y, Sonke JJ, Jiang SB Tags: Med Phys Source Type: research

Toward truly combined PET/CT imaging using PET detectors and photon counting CT with iterative reconstruction implementing physical detector response.
Conclusions: CT and fused PET/CT images show that LabPET™ detectors can be successfully used as individual X-ray photon counting devices for low-dose CT imaging of the anatomy in a molecular PET imaging context. PMID: 22957635 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Medical Physics - September 1, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Thibaudeau C, Bérard P, Tétrault MA, Leroux JD, Bergeron M, Fontaine R, Lecomte R Tags: Med Phys Source Type: research

Extra-dimensional Demons: A method for incorporating missing tissue in deformable image registration.
Conclusions: Adaptation of the Demons deformable registration process to include segmentation (i.e., identification of excised tissue) and an extra dimension in the deformation field provided a means to accurately accommodate missing tissue between image acquisitions. The extra-dimensional approach yielded accurate "ejection" of voxels local to the excision site while preserving the registration accuracy (typically subvoxel) of the conventional Demons approach throughout the rest of the image. The ability to accommodate missing tissue volumes is important to application of CBCT for surgical guidance (e.g., skull base drill...
Source: Medical Physics - September 1, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Nithiananthan S, Schafer S, Mirota DJ, Stayman JW, Zbijewski W, Reh DD, Gallia GL, Siewerdsen JH Tags: Med Phys Source Type: research

Emerging technologies for image guidance and device navigation in interventional radiology.
Abstract Recent developments in image-guidance and device navigation, along with emerging robotic technologies, are rapidly transforming the landscape of interventional radiology (IR). Future state-of-the-art IR procedures may include real-time three-dimensional imaging that is capable of visualizing the target organ, interventional tools, and surrounding anatomy with high spatial and temporal resolution. Remote device actuation is becoming a reality with the introduction of novel magnetic-field enabled instruments and remote robotic steering systems. Robots offer several degrees of freedom and unprecedented accura...
Source: Medical Physics - September 1, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Kagadis GC, Katsanos K, Karnabatidis D, Loudos G, Nikiforidis GC, Hendee WR Tags: Med Phys Source Type: research

Real‐time in vivo imaging of fungal migration to the CNS
Abstract Recent technical advances have afforded valuable new insights into the pathogenesis of fungal infections in the central nervous system (CNS), which continue to cause devastating complications, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. To cause CNS mycosis, organisms such as Cryptococcus neoformans become blood borne and progress through a series of pathogenic checkpoints that culminate in fungal replication in the brain. Critical steps include being arrested in the vasculature of the brain, interaction and signaling of the fungal and endothelial cells leading to transmigration with subsequent parenchymal inva...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - September 1, 2012 Category: Microbiology Authors: Meiqing Shi, Pina Calaruso, Christopher H. Mody Tags: Review Source Type: research

Comparing new templates and atlas-based segmentations in the volumetric analysis of brain magnetic resonance images for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease
Conclusions: The accuracy of automated anatomic labeling and the diagnostic value of the derived volumes are improved with template sets based on brain atlases closely resembling the anatomy of the to-be-segmented brain magnetic resonance imaging scans.
Source: Alzheimer's and Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association - September 1, 2012 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Qian Shen, Weizhao Zhao, David A. Loewenstein, Elizabeth Potter, Maria T. Greig, Ashok Raj, Warren Barker, Huntington Potter, Ranjan Duara Tags: Featured Articles Source Type: research

Selective laryngeal adductor denervation-reinnervation surgery for spasmodic dysphonia
Surgical treatment of adductor-type spasmodic dysphonia provides relief from the disabling voice breaks that require repeat botulinum toxin injections. The selective laryngeal adductor denervation-reinnervation surgery is described here. Key points discussed include patient selection, pertinent laryngeal and neural anatomy, and postoperative course.
Source: Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery - September 1, 2012 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Jennifer L. Long, Gerald S. Berke Source Type: research

The Lateralizer: a tool for students to explore the divided brain.
Abstract Despite a profusion of popular misinformation about the left brain and right brain, there are functional differences between the left and right cerebral hemispheres in humans. Evidence from split-brain patients, individuals with unilateral brain damage, and neuroimaging studies suggest that each hemisphere may be specialized for certain cognitive processes. One way to easily explore these hemispheric asymmetries is with the divided visual field technique, where visual stimuli are presented on either the left or right side of the visual field and task performance is compared between these two conditions; an...
Source: Adv Physiol Educ - September 1, 2012 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Motz BA, James KH, Busey TA Tags: Adv Physiol Educ Source Type: research

Cardiac computed tomography for valve disease.
Abstract Heart valve disease and coronary heart disease are very prevalent in the general population and often coincide in the same patient. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) makes it possible to noninvasively rule out coronary disease before valve surgery and to potentially avoid invasive heart catheterization in 66% to 75% of patients. The same imaging test provides abundant anatomic and functional information that complements the information from echocardiography, making it possible to characterize the etiology of the valve disease and its repercussions on the heart and aorta, as well as to quantify the severity ...
Source: Radiologia - September 1, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Cuéllar H, Roque A, Pineda V, Rodríguez J Tags: Radiologia Source Type: research

Impact of Model Shape Mismatch on Reconstruction Quality in Electrical Impedance Tomography
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a low-cost, noninvasive and radiation free medical imaging modality for monitoring ventilation distribution in the lung. Although such information could be invaluable in preventing ventilator-induced lung injury in mechanically ventilated patients, clinical application of EIT is hindered by difficulties in interpreting the resulting images. One source of this difficulty is the frequent use of simple shapes which do not correspond to the anatomy to reconstruct EIT images. The mismatch between the true body shape and the one used for reconstruction is known to introduce errors, which ...
Source: IEE Transactions on Medical Imaging - September 1, 2012 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Simultaneous MR-Compatible Emission and Transmission Imaging for PET Using Time-of-Flight Information
In conclusion, our method can reconstruct the attenuation map and the emission data from a simultaneous scan without prior knowledge about the anatomy or the attenuation coefficients of the tissues.
Source: IEE Transactions on Medical Imaging - September 1, 2012 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Live donor liver transplantation using grafts with hepatic cysts
In conclusion, donors with cystic lesions might be acceptable as LDs, although our data was limited to left‐sided lobes donation with a short follow‐up period. MRC should be preoperatively performed in order to rule out any biliary anomalies, especially in donor candidates with recipients with FCD. © 2012 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Source: Liver Transplantation - September 1, 2012 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Seisuke Sakamoto, Shunsuke Nosaka, Takanobu Shigeta, Hajime Uchida, Ikumi Hamano, Chiaki Karaki, Hiroyuki Kanazawa, Akinari Fukuda, Atsuko Nakazawa, Mureo Kasahara Tags: Original Article Source Type: research