Anatomy Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 25.

Effect of medial tibial torsion on the sagittal alignment of lower legs in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis
Conclusion The angle between FA and MA in the sagittal plane increased in patients with large medial tibial torsion. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00276-012-1011-2Authors Atsushi Takahashi, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, JapanToshimi Aizawa, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, JapanTakashi Aki, Yamagata City Hospital Saiseikan, 1-3-26 Nanokamachi, Yamagata, 990-8533 JapanMitsuhir...
Source: Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy - September 5, 2012 Category: Anatomy Tags: Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Source Type: research

Bicuspid aortic valve disease: a comprehensive review.
Abstract Bicuspid aortic valve is the commonest congenital cardiac abnormality in the general population. This paper article will discuss our current knowledge of the anatomy, pathophysiology, genetics, and clinical aspects of bicuspid aortic valve disease. PMID: 22685681 [PubMed]
Source: Cardiology Research and Practice - September 5, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mordi I, Tzemos N Tags: Cardiol Res Pract Source Type: research

Intracardiac Echocardiography during Catheter-Based Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation.
Abstract Accurate delineation of the variable left atrial anatomy is of utmost importance during anatomically based ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation targeting the pulmonary veins and possibly other structures of the atria. Intracardiac echocardiography allows real-time visualisation of the left atrium and adjacent structures and thus facilitates precise guidance of catheter-based ablation of atrial fibrillation. In patients with abnormal anatomy of the atria and/or the interatrial septum, intracardiac ultrasound might be especially valuable to guide transseptal access. Software algorithms like CARTOSound...
Source: Cardiology Research and Practice - September 5, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Biermann J, Bode C, Asbach S Tags: Cardiol Res Pract Source Type: research

SKG arthritis as a model for evaluating therapies in rheumatoid arthritis with special focus on bone changes
Abstract The aim was to further characterize the SKG model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its potential for studying intervention treatments, with special focus on bone targeting therapies. Three individual studies were conducted, using a total of 71 SKG mice, comparing arthritis induction with mannan versus zymosan A, female versus male mice, and the effect of dexamethasone intervention treatment initiated at different time points after arthritis induction. Hind paws were embedded undecalcified in methyl methacrylate, and sections were stained with Masson-Goldner trichrome. Areal Bone Mineral Density (aBM...
Source: Rheumatology International - September 5, 2012 Category: Rheumatology Tags: Rheumatology International Source Type: research

A transcriptomic hourglass in plant embryogenesis
n & Ivo Grosse Animal and plant development starts with a constituting phase called embryogenesis, which evolved independently in both lineages. Comparative anatomy of vertebrate development—based on the Meckel-Serrès law and von Baer’s laws of embryology from the early nineteenth century—shows that embryos from various taxa appear different in early stages, converge to a similar form during mid-embryogenesis, and again diverge in later stages. This morphogenetic series is known as the embryonic ‘hourglass’, and its bottleneck of high conservation in mid-embryogenesis is referred...
Source: Nature - September 5, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Marcel QuintHajk-Georg DrostAlexander GabelKristian Karsten UllrichMarkus BönnIvo Grosse Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Age-dependence of power spectral density and fractal dimension of bone mineralized matrix in atomic force microscope topography images: potential correlates of bone tissue age and bone fragility in female femoral neck trabeculae.
In this study, power spectral density (PSD) data and fractal dimensions of the mineralized bone matrix were extracted from atomic force microscope topography images of the femoral neck trabeculae. The aim was to evaluate age-dependent differences in the mineralized matrix of human bone and to consider whether these advanced nano-descriptors might be linked to decreased bone remodeling observed by some authors and age-related decline in bone mechanical competence. The investigated bone specimens belonged to a group of young adult women (n = 5, age: 20-40 years) and a group of elderly women (n = 5, age: 70-95 years) wi...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 5, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Milovanovic P, Djuric M, Rakocevic Z Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

3D geometric morphometric analysis of the proximal epiphysis of the hominoid humerus.
In this study we perform a three-dimensional geometric morphometric (3D GM) analysis of the proximal epiphysis of the humerus in extant great apes, including humans, in order to accurately describe the functional anatomical differences between these taxa. In addition, a fossil hominin specimen of Australopithecus afarensis was included in a multivariate GM analysis in order to test the potential of this methodological approach for making locomotor inferences from fossil remains. The results obtained show significant differences in proximal humeral morphology among the taxa studied, which had thus far largely remained unnot...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 5, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Arias-Martorell J, Potau JM, Bello-Hellegouarch G, Pastor JF, Pérez-Pérez A Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

Correlation between posterior offset of femoral condyles and sagittal slope of the tibial plateau.
Abstract The aim of this study was to address, in normal knees, the variability of posterior offset of femoral condyles and tibial slope, and the presence of any correlation between the two that might be needed to achieve an adequate joint motion in flexion. Magnetic resonance images of normal knees of 80 subjects, 45 males and 35 females, with a mean age of 38.9 years, were analysed. Measurements were performed by two independent observers using an imaging visualization software. The tibial slope averaged 8 and 7.7 °, on the medial and lateral sides, respectively (P = 0.2); the mean posterior offset of fe...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 5, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Cinotti G, Sessa P, Ripani FR, Postacchini R, Masciangelo R, Giannicola G Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

Changes in Regional Activity of the Psoas Major and Quadratus Lumborum With Voluntary Trunk and Hip Tasks and Different Spinal Curvatures in Sitting.
CONCLUSION: Activity of PM-t was more affected by changes in position of the lumbar spine than the hip, whereas PM-v was more actively involved in the movement of hip rather than that of the lumbar spine. Moreover, from its anatomy, PM-t has a combined potential to extend/lordose the lumbar spine and flex the hip, at least in a flexed hip position. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 5 September 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4292. PMID: 22960605 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Physical Therapy - September 5, 2012 Category: Physiotherapy Authors: Park RJ, Tsao H, Claus A, Cresswell AG, Hodges PW Tags: J Orthop Sports Phys Ther Source Type: research

A transcriptomic hourglass in plant embryogenesis
n & Ivo Grosse Animal and plant development starts with a constituting phase called embryogenesis, which evolved independently in both lineages. Comparative anatomy of vertebrate development—based on the Meckel-Serrès law and von Baer’s laws of embryology from the early nineteenth century—shows that embryos from various taxa appear different in early stages, converge to a similar form during mid-embryogenesis, and again diverge in later stages. This morphogenetic series is known as the embryonic ‘hourglass’, and its bottleneck of high conservation in mid-embryogenesis is referred to a...
Source: Nature AOP - September 5, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Marcel QuintHajk-Georg DrostAlexander GabelKristian Karsten UllrichMarkus BönnIvo Grosse Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Single-exposure dual-energy-subtraction X-ray imaging using a synchrotron source
Projection radiography of the chest has long been plagued by the presence of bony anatomy obscuring visibility of the lungs and heart. Dual-energy subtraction is a well known method for differentiating bone and soft tissue, but existing techniques are not ideally suited to dynamic imaging. Herein a new technique to address this problem is presented. The harmonic content of a monochromated X-ray beam is exploited, and two in-line detectors are used to perform single-exposure dual-energy imaging. Images of a phantom demonstrate the ability to both separate and quantitatively measure the thickness of constituent materials, wh...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - September 5, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Carnibella, R.P.Fouras, A.Kitchen, M.J. Tags: dual-energy imaging digital subtraction imaging basis material decomposition dynamic imaging X-ray imaging research papers Source Type: research

Determination of Lower Limb Microvasculature by Intrafemoral Arterial Injection Using Computed Tomography-Assisted Angiography
Conclusions Computed tomography-assisted angiography using intraarterial injection of contrast media enables visualization of vessels smaller than 1 mm in diameter. The described animal model also showed the presence of vascular branches in the subdermis. This imaging technique may help in the preoperative design of perforator flaps for use in clinical practice. Level of Evidence III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instruct...
Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery - September 4, 2012 Category: Cosmetic Surgery Tags: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Source Type: research

Evaluation of healing processes of intraosseous defects with and without guided bone regeneration and platelet rich plasma. An animal study.
CONCLUSIONS: Upon quantitative histological assessment, the bone tissue presented the most intensive osteogenesis within one month from the application of BOC/PRP, whereas this was observed after the application of BOC/BG in later stages. The application of two regenerative methods influenced the rate, quality and overall treatment of intraosseus defects. PMID: 22999915 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Anatomy - September 4, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Dominiak M, Lysiak-Drwal K, Solski L, Zywicka B, Rybak Z, Gedrange T Tags: Ann Anat Source Type: research

Myelin Sheath Decompaction, Axon Swelling, and Functional Loss during Chronic Secondary Degeneration in Rat Optic Nerve [Anatomy and Pathology]
Conclusions. Continued decompaction of myelin, altered myelin structure, and swelling of myelinated axons are persistent features of the chronic phases of secondary degeneration and likely contribute to progressive loss of visual function.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - September 4, 2012 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Payne, S. C., Bartlett, C. A., Harvey, A. R., Dunlop, S. A., Fitzgerald, M. Tags: Anatomy and Pathology Source Type: research

Imaging-guided percutaneous biopsy of tumors of the locomotor apparatus.
Abstract The prognosis of musculoskeletal sarcomas is related to appropriate management by specifically trained multidisciplinary teams. Musculoskeletal radiologists are responsible for the image-guided percutaneous biopsy of these tumors, which has a diagnostic accuracy of at least 80%. It is essential for radiologists to know: a) the limitations of percutaneous biopsy with respect to surgical biopsy; b) what should and should not be biopsied; c) how to appropriately plan percutaneous biopsy, with special attention to the route of approach, taking into account the compartmental anatomy and the route of approach af...
Source: Radiologia - September 4, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Bueno Horcajadas A, Martel Villagrán J Tags: Radiologia Source Type: research

Anatomy of the kisspeptin systems in teleosts.
Abstract Kisspeptin and its cognate receptor, GPR54 (kisspeptin receptor, Kiss-R) have recently been recognized potent regulators of reproduction in vertebrates. In non-mammalian vertebrates, kisspeptin-Kiss-R homologous and paralogous genes have been identified with their conserved functions in reproduction. Teleosts possess two paralogous genes encoding kisspeptin (kiss1 and kiss2) and Kiss-R (kissr1 and kissr2). Identification of the location and the distribution of the kisspeptin-Kiss-R systems as well as their connectivity with other neural system in the brain is important to elucidate the role of kisspeptin i...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - September 4, 2012 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ogawa S, Parhar IS Tags: Gen Comp Endocrinol Source Type: research

Rare case of the trunk of the inferior phrenic arteries originating from a common stem with a superior additional left renal artery from the abdominal aorta
We describe in this article a rare case of a 39‐year‐old male with an inferior phrenic arteries trunk (IPAaT) originating from a common stem with a superior additional left renal artery (SAdLRA) from the abdominal aorta as revealed by routine multidetector computed tomography angiography. The IPAaT with an endoluminal diameter at the origin of 2.8 mm had an upward path with a total length of 18.4 mm, forking to the right inferior phrenic artery and left inferior phrenic artery. These two arteries had an endoluminal diameter at the origin of 1.7 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. The presence of the common stem of the IPAaT w...
Source: Clinical Anatomy - September 4, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Gratian D. Miclaus, Petru Matusz, Marios Loukas, Horia Ples Tags: Compendium of Anatomical Variants Source Type: research

Commentary on “First hand accounts of events in the laboratory of Prof. Eduard Pernkopf” by S.H. Aharinejad and S.W. Carmichael
Source: Clinical Anatomy - September 4, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Sabine Hildebrandt Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

The Lateralizer: a tool for students to explore the divided brain
Despite a profusion of popular misinformation about the left brain and right brain, there are functional differences between the left and right cerebral hemispheres in humans. Evidence from split-brain patients, individuals with unilateral brain damage, and neuroimaging studies suggest that each hemisphere may be specialized for certain cognitive processes. One way to easily explore these hemispheric asymmetries is with the divided visual field technique, where visual stimuli are presented on either the left or right side of the visual field and task performance is compared between these two conditions; any behavioral diff...
Source: AJP: Advances in Physiology Education - September 4, 2012 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Motz, B. A., James, K. H., Busey, T. A. Tags: TEACHING IN THE LABORATORY Source Type: research

Using manual prostate contours to enhance deformable registration of endorectal MRI
Discussion: We here present a deformable registration scheme that can overcome large deformation. This platform is expected to be useful for prostate cancer radiation treatment planning.
Source: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine - September 3, 2012 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: M.R. Cheung, K. Krishnan Tags: Section II: Systems and Programs Source Type: research

Modification of the Sandwich Technique to Preserve Flow in the Hypogastric Artery After Endovascular Repair of Aortoiliac Aneurysmal Disease: Our Initial Experience With Two Cases
Conclusions: The modification of the sandwich technique is a promising alternative technique that would be useful in situations where standard endovascular grafts cannot be used in patients with challenging anatomy.
Source: Annals of Vascular Surgery - September 3, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Tiffany Hennedige, Benjamin Chua, Manish Taneja Tags: Case Report Abstracts Source Type: research

The soleus muscle: MRI, anatomic and histologic findings in cadavers with clinical correlation of strain injury distribution
Conclusion Current information on the detailed anatomy of the soleus muscle in the anatomic and radiological literature is lacking. Knowledge of this anatomy accounts for the distribution of sports-induced injuries within the soleus muscle-tendon unit and therefore assists in the accurate identification of these injuries, with possible prognostic benefit. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Scientific ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00256-012-1513-3Authors Ramon Balius, Sport Catalan Council, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, SpainXavier Alomar, Clínica Creu Blanca, Barcelona, SpainGil Rodas, Fut...
Source: Skeletal Radiology - September 3, 2012 Category: Radiology Tags: Skeletal Radiology Source Type: research

Preoperative Evaluation of the Brow-Lid Continuum
This article presents a thorough review for evaluation of the upper eyelid and brow preceding rejuvenation surgery. It is emphasized that surgical and nonsurgical rejuvenation is directed toward modifying the anatomic causes of facial aging. Relevant anatomy of the lid and brow area is delineated. The discussion includes surgical notes that highlight cautions or tips related to the anatomic area concerned.
Source: Clinics in Plastic Surgery - September 3, 2012 Category: Cosmetic Surgery Authors: Craig N. Czyz, Robert H. Hill, Jill A. Foster Source Type: research

Dysphagia postfundoplication: More commonly hiatal outflow resistance than poor esophageal body motility
Conclusion: These data suggest that postoperative alterations in hiatal functional anatomy are the primary factors responsible for post-Nissen dysphagia. Impaired relaxation of the neo-high pressure zone, recognizable as an abnormal relaxation pressure, best discriminates patients with dysphagia from those without symptoms postfundoplication.
Source: Surgery - September 3, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Candice L. Wilshire, Stefan Niebisch, Thomas J. Watson, Virginia R. Litle, Christian G. Peyre, Carolyn E. Jones, Jeffrey H. Peters Tags: Central Surgical Association Source Type: research

Anatomy of the Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Ulnar and Radial Collateral Ligaments
Conclusions: Our study accurately defined the origin and insertion sites of the UCL and RCL of the thumb MCP joint. Clinical relevance: An accurate definition of the anatomical origin and insertion points of the thumb MCP UCL and RCL may allow for more successful surgical repair and reconstruction.
Source: The Journal of Hand Surgery - September 3, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Michelle Gerwin Carlson, Kristin K. Warner, Kathleen N. Meyers, Krystle A. Hearns, Peter L. Kok Tags: Scientific Articles Source Type: research

Symptomatic Neural Loop Causing Hemidigital Anesthesia: Case Report
We report a case of hemidigital anesthesia resulting from a proper digital nerve neural loop penetrated by its common digital artery in the palm. After neurolysis of the median nerve and the common and proper digital nerves to the third webspace, we transected the common digital artery, transposed it out of the neural loop, and repaired it. The patient's sensory symptoms fully resolved over 6 weeks. The differential diagnosis, diagnostic workup, and surgical treatment are reviewed.
Source: The Journal of Hand Surgery - September 3, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Kurt J. Hofmann, David E. Ruchelsman Tags: Scientific Articles Source Type: research

Ultrasonography of the Hip and Groin: Sports Injuries and Hernias
This article describes the anatomy and pathology of commonly encountered lesions.
Source: Ultrasound Clinics - September 3, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Howard Pinchcofsky, Gervais Khin-Lin Wansaicheong Source Type: research

Ultrasound of the Wrist and Hand
This article comprehensively reviews the above with regard to the hand and wrist.
Source: Ultrasound Clinics - September 3, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Ian Yu Yan TSOU, Jenn Nee KHOO Source Type: research

The Shoulder: Rotator Cuff Pathology and Beyond
The scanning technique and normal anatomy are presented, followed by a review of the most common pathologies related to the rotator cuff, biceps tendon, subacromial subdeltoid bursa, acromioclavicular joint, and the postoperative shoulder, concluding with pearls and pitfalls and what the referring physician should be aware of.
Source: Ultrasound Clinics - September 3, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Diana Gaitini, Nirvikar Dahiya Source Type: research

The position of endoscopic procedures in the treatment of obesity.
Abstract Obesity is a worldwide health problem associated with substantial morbidity and cost. Lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy for obesity have limited benefit. Bariatric surgery is effective but with substantial risks, considerable cost and limited patient applicability. Endoscopic approach to obesity has evolved as a result of an attempt to replicate some of the anatomical manipulations and the physiological effects of the traditional weight loss surgery in a minimally invasive manner. Endoscopic interventions performed entirely through the GI tract offer the potential for an ambulatory weight loss pro...
Source: Current Clinical Pharmacology - September 3, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Stimac D, Majanović SK Tags: Curr Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Caution: abnormal venous anatomy when inserting central venous catheters
Source: ANZ Journal of Surgery - September 3, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Stuart Walker, Robin Harle, Jens Froelich Tags: IMAGES FOR SURGEONS Source Type: research

Functional axillary anatomy: time for a new look at the clavipectoral fascia?
Source: ANZ Journal of Surgery - September 3, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Burton King, Amy Shortis Tags: PERSPECTIVE Source Type: research

Anterolateral thigh free flap for the reconstruction of through and through defect of cheek following cancer ablation
Sanjay Rastogi, Bipin Patwardhan, Amit Gulati, Muhamad Nishad ThayathIndian Journal of Dental Research 2012 23(2):275-278The anterolateral thigh flap is a highly versatile and reliable flap for use in the reconstruction of various soft-tissue defects of the head and neck. This flap has gained great popularity due to its versatility, ability for a two-team approach, and minimal donor site morbidity. However, it has not met the same enthusiasm in the armamentarium of Maxillofacial Surgeons due to its relative difficulty in perforator dissection, reported variations of the vascular anatomy, and the presumed increased thicknes...
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Dental Research : 2006 - 17(3) - September 3, 2012 Category: Dentistry Authors: Sanjay RastogiBipin PatwardhanAmit GulatiMuhamad Nishad Thayath Source Type: research

Physical activity is linked to ceruloplasmin in the striatum of intact but not MPTP-treated primates
Abstract Ceruloplasmin is a protective ferroxidase. Although some studies suggest that plasma ceruloplasmin levels are raised by exercise, the impact of exercise on brain ceruloplasmin is unknown. We have examined whether striatal ceruloplasmin is raised with treadmill exercise and/or is correlated with spontaneous physical activity in rhesus monkeys. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by a loss in ceruloplasmin and, similarly, Parkinson’s models lead to a loss in antioxidant defenses. Exercise might protect against Parkinson’s disease and is known to prevent antioxidant loss in experimental models. ...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - September 2, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research

Basilar trunk perforator artery aneurysms. Case report and literature review
Abstract Perforator artery aneurysms of the basilar trunk are rarely described in the literature. In addition to presenting our own case, we performed a PubMed search to comprehensively illustrate demographics, hemorrhage patterns, and treatment outcomes for these lesions. We found 12 patients with basilar perforator artery aneurysms. Mean patient age was 47.3, and there was a 3:1 male to female predominance. All patients had ruptured aneurysms, though all were clinically low or medium grade (I–III). Six patients had diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and six had prepontine and/or perimesencephalic hem...
Source: Urosurgical Review - September 2, 2012 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: Neurosurgical Review Source Type: research

Anatomical, architectural, and biochemical diversity of the murine forelimb muscles.
This report establishes the anatomical and biochemical properties of mouse forelimb muscles. Given the prevalence of this species in biological studies, these data will be invaluable for studying the biological basis of mouse muscle structure and function. PMID: 22938020 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Mathewson MA, Chapman MA, Hentzen ER, Fridén J, Lieber RL Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

Structural tissue organization in the beak of Java and Darwin's finches.
Abstract Birds are well known for occupying diverse feeding niches, and for having evolved diverse beak morphologies associated with dietary specialization. Birds that feed on hard seeds typically possess beaks that are both deep and wide, presumably because of selection for fracture avoidance, as suggested by prior studies. It follows then that birds that eat seeds of different size and hardness should vary in one or more aspects of beak morphology, including the histological organization of the rhamphotheca, the cellular interface that binds the rhamphotheca to the bone, and the organization of trabeculae in the ...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Genbrugge A, Adriaens D, De Kegel B, Brabant L, Van Hoorebeke L, Podos J, Dirckx J, Aerts P, Herrel A Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

The inner ear of Diacodexis, the oldest artiodactyl mammal.
Abstract We provide the first detailed description of the inner ear of the oldest artiodactyl, Diacodexis, based on a three-dimensional reconstruction extracted from computed tomography imagery of a skull of Diacodexis ilicis of earliest Wasatchian age (ca. 55 Ma). This description provides new anatomical data for the earliest artiodactyls, and reveals that the bony labyrinth of Diacodexis differs greatly from that of modern artiodactyls described so far. The bony labyrinth of Diacodexis presents a weakly coiled cochlea (720 °), a secondary common crus, a dorsal extension of the anterior semicircular canal mor...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - September 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Orliac MJ, Benoit J, O'Leary MA Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

The role of selected risk factors for development of oesophageal cancer
Abstract A hospital-based analytical observational case-control study of 88 oesophageal cancer cases and 200 controls was conducted in the University Hospital Olomouc. A standardized questionnaire was used. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) are calculated by logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratios for tobacco smoking were 6.20 (95% CI 2.78–13.83), 10.64 (95% CI 3.46–32.72) and 3.53 (95% CI 1.26–9.88) for oesophageal cancer, for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, respectively. An inverse association with overweight and obesity was found in both histological types. In a...
Source: Central European Journal of Medicine - September 1, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Central European Journal of Medicine Source Type: research

The creation and verification of cranial models using three-dimensional rapid prototyping technology in field of transnasal sphenoid endoscopy.
CONCLUSION: These 3D models can be reliably used for teaching/training and preoperative planning purposes. PMID: 23168144 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy - September 1, 2012 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Waran V, Menon R, Pancharatnam D, Rathinam AK, Balakrishnan YK, Tung TS, Raman R, Prepageran N, Chandran H, Rahman ZA Tags: Am J Rhinol Allergy Source Type: research

Superior Labrum, Anterior, and Posterior Tears
Superior labrum, anterior and posterior (SLAP) tears are among the most common injuries seen in the adult shoulder. Several normal anatomic variations occur. This necessitates appropriate understanding of normal anatomy and pathology, including the classifications schemes for SLAP. Tips and techniques for repair of SLAP tears are also discussed.
Source: Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine - September 1, 2012 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Daniel J. Solomon, John M. Tokish Tags: Biceps Source Type: research

Clinical Anatomy, Biomechanics, Physiologic Function, History, Examination, and Radiographic Evaluation of the Biceps
The proximal biceps tendon is a unique structure that can be a pain generator frustrating for both patient and clinician. Its anatomic position in close relation to other critical structures of the joint, such as the RC, makes it prone for biomechanical stresses, as well as difficult to isolate as a sole cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. The tendon originates with variable fiber insertions from the glenoid labrum and supraglenoid tubercle with slight anatomic variations. Before entering the intertubercular groove, the tendon is guided by the structures of the “pulley” system, which include the tendon of the supra...
Source: Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine - September 1, 2012 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Knut Beitzel, Augustus D. Mazzocca, Robert A. Arciero Tags: Biceps Source Type: research

History, Physical Examination, Radiographic Anatomy, and Biomechanics and Physiological Function of the Rotator Cuff
Management of symptomatic rotator cuff tears involves obtaining a careful history and performing a thorough physical examination. Imaging studies can confirm the working diagnosis, and supplement treatment decision making. Understanding the biomechanics and function of the rotator cuff is important when considering the surgical options during repair to optimize the outcomes for a given individual.
Source: Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine - September 1, 2012 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Maxwell C. Park, James E. Tibone, Thay Q. Lee Tags: Rotator Cuff Source Type: research

Diastolic Flow Parameters Are Not Sensitive in Predicting Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Patients Undergoing Hybrid Procedure
ConclusionEchocardiographic indices were not sensitive in determining the development of NEC in patients undergoing the hybrid procedure. Larger studies with more sensitive imaging techniques are required to help risk stratify NEC in this complex patient population.
Source: Congenital Heart Disease - September 1, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Corin Cozzi, Jack Stines, Wendy A. Luce, John Hayes, John P. Cheatham, Mark Galantowicz, Clifford L. Cua Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Technical Tips for Managing Difficult Iliac Access
Difficult iliac artery access remains one of the limiting factors in the successful application of endovascular management of abdominal and thoracic aortic pathologies. An understanding of the scope of the problem, as well as the recognition of patient characteristics that increase the likelihood of difficult access are paramount in preoperative planning. Herein we discuss the specific challenges of aorto-iliac access as well as provide a treatment algorithm for avoiding aorto-iliac complications. Alternative access strategies and emergency bail-out procedures are discussed. A thorough understanding of the preoperative ana...
Source: Seminars in Vascular Surgery - September 1, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Heather Early, Marvin Atkins Source Type: research

Implant-retained removable partial denture
The benefits of using dental implants to stabilize complete overdentures are well documented, but implants can also be used to stabilize removable partial dentures (RPDs). Oral anatomy and available teeth are vital components of an RPD stabilization plan. When the ridges are highly resorbed and there are too few suitable abutment teeth, stability is poor. In addition, RPDs with distal extensions, Kennedy class I and II, are usually less stable than those engaging distal abutment teeth. If only one distal abutment tooth is lost, the RPD becomes unstable. Several problems arise when clasps are used on anterior teeth, includi...
Source: Dental Abstracts - September 1, 2012 Category: Dentistry Tags: Implants Source Type: research

Anomalous hepatic vein anatomy of the left lateral section graft and customized unification venoplasty for pediatric living donor liver transplantation
In conclusion, nearly all LHV variations can be effectively managed by customized unification venoplasty. These venoplasty techniques represent beneficial surgical options as part of graft standardization for hepatic vein reconstruction in pediatric living donor liver transplantation. © 2012 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Source: Liver Transplantation - September 1, 2012 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Shin Hwang, Ki‐Hun Kim, Dae‐Yeon Kim, Kyoung‐Mo Kim, Chul‐Soo Ahn, Deok‐Bog Moon, Tae‐Yong Ha, Gi‐Won Song, Dong‐Hwan Jung, Jung‐Man Namgoong, Gil‐Chun Park, David C. Cronin 2, Sung‐Gyu Lee Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Minimally Invasive Repair of Meta-bones
Metacarpal and metatarsal fractures are common injuries in small animals and, in most of the cases, can be treated by minimally invasive techniques. Bone plates applied through epi-periosteal tunnels can stabilize meta-bones. Meta-bones III and IV are stabilized by dorsally applied plates. Meta-bones II and V are stabilized using plates applied medially and laterally. The scarcity of soft tissue coverage and the simple anatomy of meta-bones make these fractures amenable to fixation by using minimally invasive techniques. This practice should reduce morbidity and enhance healing time.
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Alessandro Piras, Tomás G. Guerrero Source Type: research

Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Small Animals: Radius and Ulna Fractures
This article describes the MIPO technique, which entails stabilization of the fractured radius with a bone plate and screws that are applied without performing an extensive open surgical approach. This technique results in good outcomes, including a rapid time to union and return of function.
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Caleb C. Hudson, Daniel D. Lewis, Antonio Pozzi Source Type: research

MIPO Techniques for the Humerus in Small Animals
Knowledge of regional and topographic anatomy is paramount for success when using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for fracture management. Preoperative planning is essential for an optimal outcome and reducing stress among the surgical team; factors to consider include biologic assessment, mechanical assessment, clinical assessment, portal placement, and implant selection. MIPO is a useful technique for the direct or indirect reduction of humeral diaphyseal fractures. Implants should span the length of the bone for ease of implant application and to optimize the mechanical advantage of the implant. After sur...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice - September 1, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Don Hulse Source Type: research