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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 35.

Low-temperature atmospheric plasma increases the expression of anti-aging genes of skin cells without causing cellular damages
Abstract Efforts to employ various types of plasma in the field of skin care have increased consistently because it can regulate many biochemical reactions that are normally unaffected by light-based therapy. One method for skin rejuvenation adopted a high-temperature plasma generator to remove skin epithelial cells. In this case, the catalyzing effects of the plasma were rarely used due to the high temperature. Hence, the benefits of the plasma were not magnified. Recently, many types of low-temperature plasma devices have been developed for medical applications but their detailed functions and working mech...
Source: Archives of Dermatological Research - July 6, 2012 Category: Dermatology Tags: Archives of Dermatological Research Source Type: research

Low-dose nicotine facilitates spatial memory in ApoE-knockout mice in the radial arm maze
Abstract Here, we investigated the effects of nicotine on spatial memory in ApoE-knockout (ApoE-KO) and wild-type (WT) mice in a radial arm maze. Training occurred on three consecutive days and the test was performed on day 4, with one trial per day. Then on day 4, animals were administered nicotine (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg) or the antagonist of nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) mecamylamine (MEC 2 mg/kg) alone or together with 0.1 mg/kg nicotine. The number of errors in the first eight choices was recorded. The results were that 0.1 mg/kg nicotine decreased errors in ApoE-KO mice, while...
Source: Neurological Sciences - July 6, 2012 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurological Sciences Source Type: research

Precision of novel radiological methods in relation to resurfacing humeral head implants: assessment by radiostereometric analysis, DXA, and geometrical analysis
Conclusion Radiostereometric analysis and DXA can be used for evaluation of RHHI, but expectedly with a lower precision as compared to standards of TKA or THA. Geometric analysis of the prosthetic shoulder is precise. We interpret that the early radiological and clinical results of the two RHHI are comparable. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Orthopaedic SurgeryPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00402-012-1580-xAuthors Maiken Stilling, Department of Orthopaedics, Aarhus University Hospital, Tage-Hansens Gade 2, Building 10 A, Office 13, 8000 Aarhus, DenmarkInger Mechlenburg, Department of Orthopaedics, Aarh...
Source: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery - July 6, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Source Type: research

Acute muscle strain injuries: a proposed new classification system
Conclusions This classification system must be applied to a variety of muscle architectures and locations to determine its utility; additional studies are therefore needed prior to its general acceptance. Level of evidence V. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Sports MedicinePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00167-012-2118-zAuthors Otto Chan, Department of Radiology, The London Independent Hospital, 1 Beaumont Square, London, E1 4NL UKAngelo Del Buono, Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Biomedico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Rome, ItalyThomas M. Best, Divisio...
Source: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy - July 6, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Source Type: research

The free sartorius flap: Clinical cases and anatomical study
We report our experience of using this flap both as a free muscle-only flap and as a free fasciocutaneous perforator flap for soft-tissue reconstruction in the lower limb. An anatomical study was also carried out to examine the vascular anatomy of the sartorius muscle flap and the cutaneous perforator flap. Twenty limbs from soft fixed adult cadavers were dissected and the position, length, diameter and cutaneous extension of all segmental pedicles, from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the medial femoral condyle, were measured. Fourteen out of 20 (70%) sartorius muscles had at least one musculocutaneous perfora...
Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery - July 6, 2012 Category: Cosmetic Surgery Authors: Darren Ng, Martin Vesely Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Normal variations in pancreatic contour are associated with intestinal malrotation and can mimic neoplasm
Conclusion: Pancreatic contour variations are common in malrotation and the enlargement of the pancreatic head in some cases can mimic a neoplasm. The embryological cause may be due to anomalous fusion of the ventral bud of the pancreas with the dorsal bud, explaining the common finding of a small uncinate process with a large pancreatic head.
Source: Clinical Radiology - July 6, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: J. Chandra, C. Grierson, H. Bungay Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research

Coracoid fracture in an adolescent rugby player – Case report and review of the literature
This article includes a discussion detailing the anatomy and developmental features of the coracoid process of the scapula, its clinical significance, and radiological assessment of suspected coracoid injury.
Source: Radiography - July 6, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Karl J. Alsey, Anant N. Mahapatra, Julian H. Jessop Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Revisiting the anatomy and biomechanics of the anconeus muscle and its role in elbow stability.
This study revisits the anatomy and biomechanics of the anconeus muscle and aims to investigate the neuromuscular compartments of the anconeus muscle and to determine the changes in the muscle length, fibre length and moment arm over a range of elbow flexion angles for each compartment. METHODS: An anatomical study on 8 human cadavers (51-77 years of age) was done and a 2-dimensional kinematic elbow model developed to determine changes in the muscle length and moment arm of the muscle related to changes in elbow flexion angles. FINDINGS: The muscle was modelled with two possible lines of action, one along the posterior and...
Source: Annals of Anatomy - July 6, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Pereira BP Tags: Ann Anat Source Type: research

Increased vessel depiction of the carotid bifurcation with a specialized 16-channel phased array coil at 3T.
Abstract The purpose of this work was to design and construct a multichannel receive-only radiofrequency coil for 3T magnetic resonance imaging of the human carotid artery and bifurcation with optimized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the carotid vessels along the full extent of the neck. A neck phantom designed to match the anatomy of a subject with a neck representing the body habitus often seen in subjects with carotid arterial disease was constructed. Sixteen circular coil elements were arranged on a semirigid fiberglass former that closely fit the shape of the phantom, resulting in a 16-channel bilateral phased...
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - July 6, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Tate Q, Kim SE, Treiman G, Parker DL, Hadley JR Tags: Magn Reson Med Source Type: research

Smooth Muscle Cell-Specific Runx2 Deficiency InhibitsVascular Calcification.
Conclusions: These data have determined the importance of osteogenic differentiation of VSMC in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in mice and defined the functional role of SMC-derived Runx2 in regulating vascular calcification and promoting infiltration of macrophages into the calcified lesion to form osteoclast-like cells. Our studies suggest that the development of vascular calcification is coupled with the formation of osteoclast-like cells, paralleling the bone remodeling process. PMID: 22773442 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - July 6, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sun Y, Byon C, Yuan K, Chen J, Mao X, Heath JM, Javed A, Zhang K, Anderson PG, Chen Y Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

[Initial training in regional anesthesia for the French residents: A nationwide survey.]
CONCLUSION: The main goal of the formalized recommendations on training and practice in regional anesthesia is partially reached. This apparent failure can be due to both a lack of regional anesthesia exposure, inadequate faculty training, usual slavery to routine, or technical evolution of medical practice. PMID: 22770921 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation - July 6, 2012 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Laigle C, Bart F, Dupont H Tags: Ann Fr Anesth Reanim Source Type: research

Biomechanical analysis of a novel hook-screw technique for C1-2 stabilization.
Conclusions The screw-claw-rod technique restricts motion much like the standard Harms technique, making it an acceptable alternative technique when aberrant arterial anatomy precludes the placement of C-2 pars/pedicle screws or C1-2 transarticular screws. PMID: 22769729 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine - July 6, 2012 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Reis MT, Nottmeier EW, Reyes PM, Baek S, Crawford NR Tags: J Neurosurg Spine Source Type: research

Transhepatic approach to create stent fenestration in the extracardiac fontan conduit in a child with dextrocardia and interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation
We report a 4‐year‐old girl born with hypoplastic left ventricle and heterotaxy syndrome, who developed plastic bronchitis following extracardiac Fontan procedure. Her venous anatomy was complex with dextrocardia and interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation. Stent fenestration was successfully performed via transhepatic approach, which was selected based on the anatomical relationship (between extracardiac conduit, left atrium, and hepatic veins) delineated by pre‐catheterization cardiac MRI. Simultaneous transesophageal echocardiography guided the intervention. Her plastic bronchitis improved signific...
Source: Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions - July 6, 2012 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Daisuke Kobayashi, Daniel R. Turner, Thomas J. Forbes Source Type: research

Microvascular anatomy of the esophagus in larval and adult Xenopus laevis Daudin: a scanning electron microscope study of microvascular corrosion casts and correlative light microscopy
AbstractLarval to adult microvascular anatomy of the esophagus was studied in the South African Clawed Toad, Xenopus laevis (Daudin) by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts and correlative light microscopy of paraplast embedded stained tissue sections. Analyses of vascular corrosion casts of tadpole esophaguses at premetamorphosis revealed a wide‐meshed, but mature looking capillary bed which during following prometamorphosis increased in density and gained the adult‐like pattern during late metamorphic climax by sprouting and nonsprouting angiogenesis. In adult Xenopus, the esophageal mucosa posses...
Source: Acta Zoologica - July 6, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Alois Lametschwandtner, Heidi Bartel, Bernd Minnich Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Performance on an impulse control task is altered in adult rats exposed to amphetamine during adolescence
AbstractRepeated exposure to psychostimulant drugs is associated with long‐lasting changes in cognition, particularly in behavioral tasks that are sensitive to prefrontal cortex function. Adolescents may be especially vulnerable to these drug‐induced cognitive changes because of the widespread adaptations in brain anatomy and function that are characteristic of normal development during this period. Here, we used a differential reinforcement of low rates of responding task in rats to determine if amphetamine (AMPH) exposure during adolescence would alter behavioral inhibition in adulthood. Between postnatal days (PND) ...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 6, 2012 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Emily R. Hankosky, Joshua M. Gulley Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

miRNAs can increase the efficiency of ex vivo platelet generation
Abstract The process of megakaryopoiesis culminates in the release of platelets, the pivotal cellular component for hemostasis and wound healing. The regulatory architecture including the modulatory role of microRNAs, which underlies megakaryocytic maturation and platelet formation, is incompletely understood, precluding the ex vivo generation of sufficient platelet numbers for transfusion medicine. We derived a highly efficient differentiation protocol to produce mature polyploid megakaryocytes and functional platelets from CD34+-hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by comparing previously published appr...
Source: Annals of Hematology - July 5, 2012 Category: Hematology Tags: Annals of Hematology Source Type: research

Transvenous ethanol ablation of ventricular tachycardia
Catheter ablation is an important therapeutic option for controlling recurrent episodes of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with structural heart disease. Mapping technologies have improved the ability to define areas of ventricular scar substrate for VT. Voltage maps and intracardiac ultrasound as well as preacquired cardiac magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography have increased our understanding of the relation of cardiac anatomy and scars to ventricular reentry circuits. A substrate-guided approach, targeting the potential reentry circuit, facilitates the ablation of multiple and unstable VTs. Access t...
Source: Heart Rhythm - July 5, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Usha B. Tedrow, Piotr Sobieszczyk, William G. Stevenson Tags: Editorial Commentary Source Type: research

Memory in frontal lobe epilepsy: An fMRI study
In this study we investigated the functional anatomy of memory in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE), focusing on the local and remote effects of FLE on the networks supporting memory encoding.Methods: We studied 32 patients with drug‐resistant FLE and 18 controls using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) memory encoding paradigm.Key Findings: During encoding of stimuli, patients with FLE recruited more widely distributed areas than healthy controls, in particular within the frontal lobe contralateral to the seizure onset. Normal memory performance was associated with increased recruitment of fron...
Source: Epilepsia - July 5, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Maria Centeno, Christian Vollmar, Jonathan O’Muirchearthaigh, Jason Stretton, Silvia B. Bonelli, Mark R. Symms, Gareth J. Barker, Veena Kumari, Pamela J. Thompson, John S. Duncan, Mark P. Richardson, Matthias J. Koepp Tags: FULL‐LENGTH ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

Altered spatial learning, cortical plasticity and hippocampal anatomy in a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia‐related endophenotypes
AbstractAdult rats exposed to the DNA‐methylating agent methylazoxymethanol on embryonic day 17 show a pattern of neurobiological deficits that model some of the neuropathological and behavioral changes observed in schizophrenia. Although it is generally assumed that these changes reflect targeted disruption of embryonic neurogenesis, it is unknown whether these effects generalise to other antimitotic agents administered at different stages of development. In the present study, neurochemical, behavioral and electrophysiological techniques were used to determine whether exposure to the antimitotic agent Ara‐C later in d...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - July 5, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P. Leon Brown, Paul D. Shepard, Greg I. Elmer, Sara Stockman, Rebecca McFarland, Cheryl L. Mayo, Jean Lud Cadet, Irina N. Krasnova, Martin Greenwald, Carrie Schoonover, Michael W. Vogel Source Type: research

Semi‐automated vectorial analysis of anorectal motion by magnetic resonance defecography in healthy subjects and fecal incontinence
Conclusion & Inferences This semi‐automated program provides a reproducible, efficient, and refined analysis of pelvic floor motion by MRI. Puborectalis injury is independently associated with impaired motion of puborectalis, not other pelvic floor muscles in controls and women with FI.
Source: Neurogastroenterology and Motility - July 5, 2012 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: J. Noelting, A. E. Bharucha, D. S. Lake, A. Manduca, J. G. Fletcher, S. J. Riederer, L. Joseph Melton, A. R. Zinsmeister Source Type: research

Full-endoscopic interlaminar approach for the surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation: the causes and prophylaxis of conversion to open
Conclusion Misplacement of working portal during the exposure of the ligament flavum and difficulty in indentifying anatomy are potential causes for conversion to open in the initial adoption of FE technique. However, uncommon conditions such as variation of the nerve root origin can also result in conversion to open in experienced hands. Endoscopic experience, proper patient selection and specific radiographic examination are needed to obtain optimal outcomes using a full endoscopic technique for microdiscectomies. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Orthopaedic SurgeryPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00402-0...
Source: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery - July 4, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Source Type: research

Metabolic Memory and Chronic Diabetes Complications: Potential Role for Epigenetic Mechanisms
Abstract Recent estimates indicate that diabetes mellitus currently affects more than 10 % of the world’s population. Evidence from both the laboratory and large scale clinical trials has revealed that prolonged hyperglycemia induces chronic complications which persist and progress unimpeded even when glycemic control is pharmaceutically achieved via the phenomenon of metabolic memory. The epigenome is comprised of all chromatin modifications including post translational histone modification, expression control via miRNAs and the methylation of cytosine within DNA. Modifications of these epigenetic ma...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 4, 2012 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: research

A fundamental model of quasi-static wheelchair biomechanics
Abstract: The performance of a wheelchair system is a function of user anatomy, including arm segment lengths and muscle parameters, and wheelchair geometry, in particular, seat position relative to the wheel hub. To quantify performance, researchers have proposed a number of predictive models. In particular, the model proposed by Richter is extremely useful for providing initial analysis as it is simple to apply and provides insight into the peak and transient joint torques required to achieve a given angular velocity. The work presented in this paper identifies and corrects a critical error; specifically that the Richter...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 4, 2012 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: M. Leary, J. Gruijters, M. Mazur, A. Subic, M. Burton, F.K. Fuss Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Establishment of Parameters for Congenital Thoracic Stenosis: A Study of 700 Postmortem Specimens.
CONCLUSIONS: We statistically defined CTS at each level. A SCD less than 15 mm or IPD less than 18.5 mm predicted the presence of CTS at all levels. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In a symptomatic patient, on routine radiologic examination, a physician should suspect stenosis of the thoracic canal if the SCD and IPD are less than 15 and 18.5 mm respectively. As a spinal deformity surgeon, the canal area is especially relevant when considering a possible canal intrusion by implants. PMID: 22760603 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research - July 4, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Bajwa NS, Toy JO, Ahn NU Tags: Clin Orthop Relat Res Source Type: research

Boutonnière and Pulley Rupture in Elite Athletes
This article discusses injuries to the central slip (boutonnière) and to the annular pulleys in the digit, with an emphasis on the elite athlete. Pertinent anatomy, mechanism of injury, diagnosis, treatment, and a discussion emphasizing the elite athlete and return to play form the basis of the article.
Source: Hand Clinics - July 4, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: James T. Marino, Gary M. Lourie Source Type: research

MR Assessment of Oral Cavity Carcinomas
Approximately half of head and neck carcinomas arise from the oral cavity. Imaging plays an essential role in the preoperative evaluation of oral cavity carcinomas. MR imaging is particularly advantageous in the evaluation of the oral cavity, with better depiction of the anatomy in this region and reduction of dental artifacts compared with CT. MR is also the preferred imaging modality for the evaluation of bone marrow invasion and perineural tumor spread, which are findings critical for treatment planning. Advanced MR imaging techniques may potentially better delineate true tumor extent, determine lymph node metastases, a...
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America - July 4, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Mari Hagiwara, Annette Nusbaum, Brian L. Schmidt Source Type: research

Urodynamics: Role in Incontinence and Prolapse: A Urology Perspective
This article reviews the role of UDS in the evaluation of urinary incontinence and POP.
Source: Urologic Clinics of North America - July 4, 2012 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Benjamin E. Dillon, Dominic Lee, Gary E. Lemack Source Type: research

Identification of Anomolous Biliary Anatomy Using Near-Infrared Cholangiography
Conclusion Anomolous ductal anatomy of the biliary tree has been reported in up to 23 % of cases.1,2 The ability of IOC to elucidate biliary anatomy and thus prevent bile duct injury has led many to espouse routine cholangiography for all laparoscopic cholecystectomies.3,4 Near-infrared cholangiography (NIRC) is easy to perform, does not add steps to the operative procedure, and produces a similar anatomic roadmap of the hepatocystic triangle to that of standard IOC. Although the clinical significance of the anomalous duct identified in this video is unknown, this video highlights the excellent de...
Source: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery - July 3, 2012 Category: Surgery Tags: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery Source Type: research

There's a hole in my symphysis — A review of disorders causing widening, erosion, and destruction of the symphysis pubis
The symphysis pubis is demonstrated on many conventional radiographic and cross-sectional examinations and abnormality of the symphysis pubis is a common imaging finding with numerous possible causes. Many significant disorders that affect the symphysis pubis cause it to appear widened, eroded, or destroyed on imaging studies. It is useful for radiologists to have a working differential diagnosis for these appearances, to use when reporting such studies. This review briefly describes the anatomy of the symphysis pubis and presents examples of the various developmental, inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic, traumatic, and m...
Source: Clinical Radiology - July 3, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: M.J. Budak, T.B. Oliver Tags: Pictorial Reviews Source Type: research

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging and three-dimensional ultrasound in clinical practice: Applications in prenatal diagnosis
Three-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are powerful imaging techniques that are used increasingly in evaluating fetal anatomy. In this chapter, we review the main applications of these imaging modalities in current practice and present an overview of the malformations that may benefit from assessment with three-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.
Source: Best Practice and Research. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology - July 3, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: Waldo Sepulveda, Renato Ximenes, Amy E. Wong, Francisco Sepulveda, Pilar Martinez-Ten Source Type: research

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging and three-dimensional ultrasound in clinical practice: General aspects
Ultrasonography is used routinely during pregnancy to screen and diagnose fetal anomalies. Two-dimensional ultrasound is usually adequate in women at low risk for malformations. When technical factors limit optimal evaluation or a malformation is suspected, further imaging with three-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging is becoming increasingly common. Three-dimensional ultrasound allows the manipulation of data acquired from two-dimensional ultrasound to recreate an infinite number of views, thereby enhancing the ability to evaluate the fetal anatomy. When three-dimensional ultrasound is either unavailabl...
Source: Best Practice and Research. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology - July 3, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: Waldo Sepulveda, Amy E. Wong, Francisco Sepulveda, Pilar Martinez-Ten, Renato Ximenes Source Type: research

Characterization of the annulus fibrosus-vertebral body interface: identification of new structural features.
The objective of this study was to characterize the annulus fibrosus-vertebral bone (AF-VB) interface in immature (6-9 months old) and mature (18-24 months old) bovine discs, as well as to define these structures for normal adult human (22 and 45 years old) discs. Histological assessment showed that collagen fibers in the inner annulus, which are predominantly type II collagen, all appear to insert into the mineralized endplate zone. In contrast, some of the collagen fibers of the outer annulus, predominantly type I collagen, insert into this endplate, while other fibers curve laterally, at an ∼ 90 ° angle, to...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - July 3, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Nosikova YS, Santerre JP, Grynpas M, Gibson G, Kandel RA Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

JARID1B Protein Expression and Prognostic Implications in Uveal Melanoma [Anatomy and Pathology]
Conclusions. This study demonstrates that JARID1B is expressed by UM cells. Despite that JARID1B was highly expressed in UM, a statistically significant association (P < 0.05) between JARID1B expression and OS could not be obtained. However, a P-value of 0.06 could suggest that high JARID1B expression is correlated with lower survival; thus, a follow up study with a greater patient sample is recommended. In addition, samples of tumors characterized by high invasiveness showed a higher JARID1B expression. Furthermore, this study substantiates the presence of progenitor cells in the ciliary body epithelium.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - July 3, 2012 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Radberger, P., Radberger, A., Bykov, V. J. N., Seregard, S., Economou, M. A. Tags: Anatomy and Pathology Source Type: research

Commentary on the PAPER by Dr. A. Ostrzenski: “G‐Spot Anatomy: A New Discovery”
Source: The Journal of Sexual Medicine - July 3, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: BARRY KOMISARUK, BEVERLY WHIPPLE, EMMANUELE JANNINI Tags: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Anatomic Guidelines for Augmentation of the Cheek and Infraorbital Hollow
ConclusionsAesthetic augmentation of the midface requires knowledge of the properties of each filler and of the underlying anatomy, as well as an understanding and documentation of the subject's aesthetic concerns.
Source: Dermatologic Surgery - July 3, 2012 Category: Dermatology Authors: Jean Carruthers, Berthold Rzany, Gerhard Sattler, Alastair Carruthers Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Hybrid image visualization tool for 3D integration of CT coronary anatomy and quantitative myocardial perfusion PET
Conclusions Three-dimensional integration of patient- specific coronary artery anatomy provided by CTA and quantitative myocardial blood flow obtained from PET imaging can improve cardiac disease assessment. The HIT tool introduced in this paper may represent a significant advancement in the clinical use of this multimodal approach. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s11548-012-0777-3Authors Martina Marinelli, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via Moruzzi n.1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyVincenzo Positano, Fondazione Gabriele Monasterio, CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Mor...
Source: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery - July 2, 2012 Category: Intensive Care Tags: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Source Type: research

Cardiac MRI visualization for ventricular tachycardia ablation
Conclusions Based on this study, we can conclude that our approach of displaying MRI data and integrating it with voltage measurements has potential to improve VT ablation procedures. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-15DOI 10.1007/s11548-012-0776-4Authors Corine J. Godeschalk-Slagboom, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsRob J. van der Geest, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsKatja Zeppenfeld, Department of Cardiology, Le...
Source: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery - July 2, 2012 Category: Intensive Care Tags: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Source Type: research

Radiographic Imaging of Human Papillomavirus Related Carcinomas of the Oropharynx
Abstract Imaging, especially contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) for anatomy and positron emission tomography (PET) with labeled 18F fluorodeoxyglucose for physiologic detail, is critical for staging carcinomas of the oropharynx. As the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related carcinomas of the tonsil and base of tongue (BOT) increases, experience with CECT and PET for staging HPV+ tumors is growing. No imaging modality, however, can determine whether the tumor is HPV+. There are some unique challenges posed by HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In most locations ...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - July 2, 2012 Category: Pathology Tags: Head and Neck Pathology Source Type: research

The spleen of the African lungfish Protopterus annectens: freshwater and aestivation
We describe the structure of the spleen of the African lungfish Protopterus annectens in freshwater conditions, and after 6 months of aestivation. The spleen is formed by cortical tissue that surrounds the splenic parenchyma. The cortex is a reticulum that contains two types of granulocytes, developing and mature plasma cells, and melanomacrophage centres (MMCs). The parenchyma is divided into lobules that show a subcapsular sinus and areas of red pulp and white pulp. Red pulp contains vascular sinuses and atypical cords formed by delicate trabeculae. White pulp also contains vascular sinuses and cords. Structural...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - July 2, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research

Potential of Pluripotent Stem Cells for Diabetes Therapy
Abstract Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) are common diseases. To date, it is widely accepted that all forms of DM lead to the loss of beta cells. Therefore, to avoid the debilitating comorbidities when glycemic control cannot be fully achieved, some would argue that beta cell replacement is the only way to cure the disease. Due to organ donor shortage, other cell sources for beta cell replacement strategies have to be employed. Pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells offer a valuable alternative to provide the necessary cells to substit...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 2, 2012 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: research

Neuroanatomy of the extended circadian rhythm system.
Abstract The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), site of the primary clock in the circadian rhythm system, has three major afferent connections. The most important consists of a retinohypothalamic projection through which photic information, received by classical rod/cone photoreceptors and intrinsically photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells, gains access to the clock. This information influences phase and period of circadian rhythms. The two other robust afferent projections are the median raphe serotonergic pathway and the geniculohypothalamic (GHT), NPY-containing pathway from the thalamic intergeniculate leaflet (IG...
Source: Experimental Neurology - July 2, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Morin LP Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Evaluation of Orbital Disorders and Cranial Nerve Innervation of the Extraocular Muscles
A wide range of orbital disorders, including an orbital mass, infection, inflammation, systemic disease, or intracranial lesions, may be encountered with imaging. Evaluation of orbital disorders requires the combination of accurate and relevant clinical information with an understanding of anatomy and pathologic processes. An imaging approach to an orbital differential diagnosis includes assessment for alteration of a normal orbital structure, a lesion that does not belong in the orbit, or alteration of the orbit from bone or periorbital disorders. This approach, combined with key elements of clinical history, leads to a n...
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America - July 2, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Stephen F. Kralik, Robert Kersten, Christine M. Glastonbury Source Type: research

Alteration in Metastasis Potential and Gene Expression in Human Lung Cancer Cell Lines by ITGB8 Silencing.
In this study, we compared the gene expression profiles of human lung cancer cell lines A549 and PC9 by ITGB8 gene silencing with that of parent cells and negative control cells to comprehensively investigate ITGB8-mediated changes with respect to the metastatic potential and gene expression of human lung cancer cell lines. Our results showed that ITGB8 silencing cells exhibited significant cell cycle arrest and less adhesion and invasion abilities. We confirmed by Western blot, ELISA, and real-time PCR that the expression of metastasis-related genes CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were significantly decreased while ...
Source: Anatomical Record - July 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Xu Z, Wu R Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

Identification of the Secondary Follicle Cycle of Hexi Cashmere Goat.
This study illustrated the five different stage of secondary follicle of Hexi Cashmere goat within a whole growth cycle, and has provided more detailed information about the research field of Hexi cashmere goat. Choosing the suitable time to harvest the cashmere may get the profit maximization. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. PMID: 22753049 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Anatomical Record - July 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: He Y, Cheng L, Wang J, Liu X, Luo Y Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

Mitochondrial Division in Rat Cardiomyocytes: An Electron Microscope Study.
Abstract In cardiomyocytes of rats, two distinct mitochondrial division processes are in operation. The predominant process involves extension of a single crista until it spans the full width of a mitochondrion. Ingrowth of the outer membrane ultimately results in scission. The second division process involves "pinching," in which narrowing of the organelle at specific surface locations leads to its attenuation. When limiting membranes from opposite sides meet, mitochondrial fission ensues. When pinching is the operative mode, elements of sarcoplasmic reticulum always are associated with the membrane constrictions....
Source: Anatomical Record - July 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Fujioka H, Tandler B, Hoppel CL Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

The Gross Anatomy of the Original and Regenerated Tail in the Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis).
This study investigates the gross anatomy of the original and the regenerated tail in the green anole (Anolis carolinensis). Dissections were conducted on 24 original and 13 regenerated tails. While the extrinsic muscles of the original tail in A. carolinensis are similar to those in other known Anolis lizard species, the extent of the origins of m. caudofemoralis longus and m. caudofemoralis brevis is more restricted. These differences may underlie variation in locomotor performance among anole ecomorphs. The intrinsic muscles of the original tail are also described, confirming previous findings and documenting new detail...
Source: Anatomical Record - July 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Ritzman TB, Stroik LK, Julik E, Hutchins ED, Lasku E, Denardo DF, Wilson-Rawls J, Rawls JA, Kusumi K, Fisher RE Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

The role of fine-scale anatomical structure in the dynamics of reentry in computational models of the rabbit ventricles.
In conclusion, our simulations suggest that fine-scale anatomical features play little apparent role in the maintenance of tachyarrhythmias in the rabbit ventricles and, contrary to experimental reports in larger animals, appear to play only a minor role in the maintenance of fibrillatory arrhythmias. These findings also have important implications in optimising the level of detail required in anatomical computational meshes frequently used in arrhythmia investigations. PMID: 22753546 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - July 2, 2012 Category: Physiology Authors: Bishop MJ, Plank G Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

The voice, not the nerve, is the functionally relevant endpoint
AbstractNo AbstractWe wish to thank Dr. Dionigi and colleagues for their interest in and comments on our recently published study 1. We also congratulate them on their numerous contributions to the literature on this topic. In their Letter to the Editor, they make arguments for the routine utilization of intra‐operative neuromonitoring for the reduction of laryngeal nerve injury, identification of nerve anatomy, facilitation of intra‐operative decision making, and prediction of post‐operative nerve function. J. Surg. Oncol © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology - July 2, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Leonard R. Henry, John D. Abad, Alexander Stojadinovic Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

The Gross Anatomy of the Original and Regenerated Tail in the Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis)
This study investigates the gross anatomy of the original and the regenerated tail in the green anole (Anolis carolinensis). Dissections were conducted on 24 original and 13 regenerated tails. While the extrinsic muscles of the original tail in A. carolinensis are similar to those in other known Anolis lizard species, the extent of the origins of m.caudofemoralis longus and m. caudofemoralis brevis is more restricted. These differences may underlie variation in locomotor performance among anole ecomorphs. The intrinsic muscles of the original tail are also described, confirming previous findings and documenting new details...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - July 2, 2012 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Terrence B. Ritzman, Laura K. Stroik, Emily Julik, Elizabeth D. Hutchins, Eris Lasku, Dale F. Denardo, Jeanne Wilson‐Rawls, J. Alan Rawls, Kenro Kusumi, Rebecca E. Fisher Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

In Vivo Evidence for Tibial Plateau Slope as a Risk Factor for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Conclusion: Despite high measures of reliability for the various methods reported in current studies, there is vast disagreement regarding the actual values of the slope that would be considered "at risk." Reported tibial slope values for control groups vary greatly between studies. In many cases, the study-to-study differences in "normal" tibial slope exceed the difference between controls and ACL-injured patients. The clinical utility of imaging-based measurement methods for the determination of ACL injury risk requires more reliable techniques that demonstrate consistency between studies.
Source: The American Journal of Sports Medicine - July 2, 2012 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Wordeman, S. C., Quatman, C. E., Kaeding, C. C., Hewett, T. E. Tags: Injury, Imaging Studies, Anatomy Current Concepts Source Type: research