Biochemistry 
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory.
83838 records returned
HDAC2 overexpression confers oncogenic potential to human lung cancer cells by deregulating expression of apoptosis and cell cycle proteins
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In this study, we demonstrated the aberrant expression of HDAC2 in lung cancer tissues and investigated oncogenic properties of HDAC2 in human lung cancer cell lines. HDAC2 inactivation resulted in regression of tumor cell growth and activation of cellular apoptosis via p53 and Bax activation and Bcl2 suppression. In cell cycle regulation, HDAC2 inactivation caused induction of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression, and simultaneously suppressed the expressions of cyclin E2, cyclin D1 and CDK2, respectively. Consequently, this led to the hypophosphorylation of pRb protein in G1/S transition and thereby inactivated E2F/DP1 target gene tr...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 6, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kwang Hwa JungJi Heon NohJeong Kyu KimJung Woo EunHyun Jin BaeHong Jian XieYoung Gyoon ChangMin Gyu KimHanna ParkJung Young LeeSuk Woo Nam Tags: Article Source Type: research
How Resveratrol WorksEmail this article to a colleague.
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Biochemistry: Molecule’s metabolic effects result from acting directly on phosphodiesterases, not sirtuins (Source: Chemical and Engineering News)
Source: Chemical and Engineering News - February 6, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Carmen Drahl Source Type: research
Mechanism and specificity of the human paracaspase MALT1Email this article to a colleague.
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The paracaspase domain of MALT1 (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1) is a component of a gene translocation fused to the N-terminal domains of the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2. The paracaspase itself, commonly known as MALT1, participates in the NF-κB pathway, likely by driving survival signals downstream of the B-cell antigen receptor through MALT1 proteolytic activity. We have developed methods for the expression and purification of recombinant full-length MALT1 and its constituent catalytic domain alone. Both are activated by dimerization without cleavage, with a simil...
Source: BJ Signal - February 6, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: J Hachmann, S J Snipas, B J van Raam, E M Cancino, E J Houlihan, M Poreba, P Kasperkiewicz, M Drag, G S. Salvesen Tags: BJ Signal Source Type: research
Identification of a molecular component of the mitochondrial acetyl transferase program; a novel role for GCN5L1Email this article to a colleague.
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SIRT3 modulates respiration via the deacetylation of lysine residues in electron transport chain proteins. Whether mitochondrial protein acetylation is controlled by a counter-regulatory program has remained elusive. Here we identify an essential component of this previously undefined mitochondrial acetyltransferase system. We show that GCN5L1/Bloc1s1 counters the acetylation and respiratory effects of SIRT3. GCN5L1 is mitochondrial-enriched and displays significant homology to a prokaryotic acetyltransferase. Genetic knockdown of GCN5L1 blunts mitochondrial protein acetylation, and its reconstitution in intact mitochondri...
Source: BJ Energy - February 6, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: I Scott, B R. Webster, J H. Li, M N. Sack Tags: BJ Energy Source Type: research
Readthrough of long-QT syndrome type 1 nonsense mutations rescues function but alters the biophysical properties of the channelEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study we attempted to rescue the function of these mutants, in human embryonic kidney-293 cells, by promoting readthrough of their premature termination codons (PTCs) using the pharmacological agents G-418, gentamicin and PTC124. Gentamicin and G-418, acted to promote full-length channel protein expression from R518X at 100 µM and from Q530X at 1 mM. In contrast, PTC124 did not, at any dose tested, induce readthrough of either mutant. G-418 (1 mM) treatment also acted to significantly (P<0.05) increase current density and peak-tail current density, at +80 mV, for R518X, but not Q530X, to 58±...
Source: BJ Cell - February 6, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: S C Harmer, J S Mohal, D Kemp, A Tinker Tags: BJ Disease Source Type: research
Bioactive Compounds from Carissa spinarumEmail this article to a colleague.
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In our continuing efforts to find new antiherpetic agents from plants, an extract prepared from the stems of Carissa spinarum L. was found to possess appreciable activity against herpes simplex viruses (HSV I and II). A chemical study of this plant was then initiated, and this led to the isolation of 12 compounds, including a coumarin, two cardiac glycosides and nine lignans. These isolated compounds were evaluated for several biological activities, including antiherpetic, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial effects. The cardiac glycoside evomonoside was found to be the only antiherpetic principle, showing moderate ac...
Source: Phytotherapy Research - February 6, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ruchira WangteeraprasertVimolmas LipipunMekala GunaratnamStephen NeidleSimon GibbonsKittisak Likhitwitayawuid Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Icariin Promotes Extracellular Matrix Synthesis and Gene Expression of Chondrocytes In VitroEmail this article to a colleague.
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To effectively treat articular cartilage defect with tissue engineering there is an urgent need to develop safe and cheap drugs that can substitute or cooperate with growth factors for chondrogenesis promotion. Here, we demonstrate the chondrogenic effect of icariin, the major pharmacological active constituent of Herb Epimedium (HEP). Rabbit chondrocytes were isolated from articular cartilage and cultured in vitro with different concentrations of icariin. Icariin at concentrations under 1 × 10−5 m showed low cytotoxicity toward chondrocytes, but icariin at 5 × 10−5 m inhibited the proliferation of chon...
Source: Phytotherapy Research - February 6, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lei ZhangXuan ZhangKui‐Feng LiDong‐Xiao LiYu‐Mei XiaoYu‐Jiang FanXing‐Dong Zhang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The Effect of Kraussianone‐2 (Kr2), a Natural Pyrano‐isoflavone from Eriosema kraussianum, in an L‐NAME‐ induced Pre‐eclamptic Rat ModelEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of Kraussianone‐2 (Kr2), a pyrano‐isoflavone isolated from the roots of Eriosema kraussianum N. E. Br. (Fabaceae) on various fetal and physiological parameters in pregnant, L‐NAME treated Sprague–Dawley rats. Twenty‐four pregnant Sprague–Dawley dams were divided into three groups (n = 8), i.e. the control group (CON), the experimental control group (PRE), where the pre‐eclampsia‐like symptoms were induced using L‐NAME, and the experimental group (EK2), where the pre‐eclampsia‐like symptoms were once again induced using L‐NAME, however, these animals we...
Source: Phytotherapy Research - February 6, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: S. V. RamesarS. E. DrewesP. GathiramJ. MoodleyI. Mackraj Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Brassinosteroid regulates stomatal development by GSK3-mediated inhibition of a MAPK pathwayEmail this article to a colleague.
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-Yong Wang
Plants must coordinate the regulation of biochemistry and anatomy to optimize photosynthesis and water-use efficiency. The formation of stomata, epidermal pores that facilitate gas exchange, is highly coordinated with other aspects of photosynthetic development. The signalling pathways controlling stomata development are not fully understood, although mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling is known to have key roles. Here we demonstrate in Arabidopsis that brassinosteroid regulates stomatal development by activating the MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK) YDA (also known as YODA). Genetic analyses indicate t...
Source: Nature AOP - February 5, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Tae-Wuk KimMarta MichniewiczDominique C. BergmannZhi-Yong Wang Tags: Letter Source Type: research
Rupert Sheldrake: the 'heretic' at odds with scientific dogmaEmail this article to a colleague.
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Rupert Sheldrake has researched telepathy in dogs, crystals and Chinese medicine in his quest to explore phenomena that science finds hard to explainIt is not often, in liberal north London, that you come face to face with a heretic, but Rupert Sheldrake has worn that mantle, pretty cheerfully, for 30 years now. Sitting in his book-lined study, overlooking Hampstead Heath, he appears a highly unlikely candidate for apostasy; he seems more like the Cambridge biochemistry don he once was, one of the brightest Darwinians of his generation, winner of the university botany prize, researcher at the Royal Society, Harvard scholar...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - February 4, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Tim Adams Tags: Controversies in science Richard Dawkins Evolution Biology Science and nature Books Culture The Observer Interviews Features Source Type: news
Effect of Grapefruit Juice and Ritonavir on Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in Wistar RatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Lopinavir (LPV), a newer HIV protease inhibitor, has poor bioavailability being a substrate of both cytochrome P450 3A enzyme system (CYP3A) and permeability‐glycoprotein (P‐gp). Ritonavir (RTV) is a known inhibitor of both P‐gp and CYP3A and is co‐administered with LPV in anti‐HIV therapy. Grapefruit juice (GFJ) is known to inhibit CYP3A and has conflicting effects, ranging from activation to inhibition, on P‐gp. In this research work, the effects of GFJ and RTV on the pharmacokinetics of LPV were compared in rats. A mechanistic evaluation was undertaken using various in vitro and ex vivo studies to support th...
Source: Phytotherapy Research - February 4, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: P. R. RaviR. VatsR. ThakurS. SrivaniN. Aditya Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
A novel and simple method of production and biophysical characterization of a mini‐membrane protein, Ost4p: A subunit of yeast oligosaccharyl transferaseEmail this article to a colleague.
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We report the cloning, successful overexpression and purification of recombinant Ost4p with a novel but simple method producing milligram quantities of pure protein. GB1 protein was found to be the most suitable tag for the large scale production of Ost4p. The cleavage of Ost4p conveniently leaves GB1 protein in solution eliminating further purification. The precipitated pure Ost4p is reconstituted in appropriate membrane mimetic. The recombinant protein is highly helical as indicated by the far‐UV CD spectrum. The well‐dispersed HSQC spectrum indicates that this minimembrane protein is well folded. The successful prod...
Source: Biopolymers - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Amit KumarPricilla WardUma V. KatreSmita Mohanty Source Type: research
Decursin inhibits vasculogenesis in early tumor progression by suppression of endothelial progenitor cell differentiation and functionEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we investigated whether decursin regulates EPC differentiation and function to inhibit tumor vasculogenesis. We isolated AC133+ cells from human cord blood and decursin significantly decreased the number of EPC colony forming units of human cord blood‐derived AC133+ cells that produce functional EPC progenies. Decursin dose‐dependently decreased the cell number of EPC committing cells as demonstrated by EPC expansion studies. Decursin inhibited EPC differentiation from progenitor cells into spindle‐shaped EPC colonies. Additionally, decursin inhibited proliferation and migration of early EPCs isolated ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Seok Yun JungJin Hwa ChoiSang‐Mo KwonHaruchika MasudaTakayuki AsaharaYou‐Mie Lee Tags: Article Source Type: research
GRAS proteins: the versatile roles of intrinsically disordered proteins in plant signalling.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
IDPs (intrinsically disordered proteins) are highly abundant in eukaryotic proteomes and important for cellular functions, especially in cell signalling and transcriptional regulation. An IDR (intrinsically disordered region) within an IDP often undergoes disorder-to-order transitions upon binding to various partners, allowing an IDP to recognize and bind different partners at various binding interfaces. Plant-specific GRAS proteins play critical and diverse roles in plant development and signalling, and act as integrators of signals from multiple plant growth regulatory and environmental inputs. Possessin...
Source: The Biochemical Journal - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sun X, Jones WT, Rikkerink EH Tags: Biochem J Source Type: research
Ubiquitin links to cytoskeletal dynamics, cell adhesion and migration.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Post-translational modifications are used by cells to link additional information to proteins. Most modifications are subtle and concern small moieties such as a phosphate group or a lipid. In contrast, protein ubiquitylation entails the covalent attachment of a full-length protein such as ubiquitin. The protein ubiquitylation machinery is remarkably complex, comprising more than 15 Ubls (ubiquitin-like proteins) and several hundreds of ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. Ubiquitin is best known for its role as a tag that induces protein destruction either by the proteasome or through targeting to lysosomes. Ho...
Source: The Biochemical Journal - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Schaefer A, Nethe M, Hordijk PL Tags: Biochem J Source Type: research
Averting Drug ResistanceEmail this article to a colleague.
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Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is growing exponentially, contributing to an estimated 99,000 deaths from hospital-associated infections in the U.S. annually, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. One reason that this is happening is that drug resistant proteins are transporting "good" antibiotics, or inhibitors, out of the cells, leaving them to mutate. In a paper recently published in the journal Nature, Professor of Biochemistry Dorothee Kern and collaborators including former postdoctoral student Katherine A... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 3, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: MRSA / Drug Resistance Source Type: news
Phenotypic characterization of transgenic mice harboring Nf1+/− or Nf1‐/‐ osteoclasts in otherwise Nf1+/+ backgroundEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study shows that Nf1‐deficiency in osteoclasts may have a role in the development of NF1‐related skeletal abnormalities, but Nf1‐deficiency in osteoclasts in Nf1+/+ background is not sufficient to induce skeletal abnormalities analogous to those observed in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry)
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Maria H AlanneElina SiljamäkiSirkku PeltonenKalervo VäänänenJolene J WindleLuis F ParadaJorma A MäättäJuha Peltonen Tags: Article Source Type: research
The relationships between Snail1 and estrogen receptor signaling in breast cancer cellsEmail this article to a colleague.
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ConclusionsIn general, the results obtained demonstrate the phenomenon of Snail1 activation in the hormone‐resistant breast cancer cells, and show that Snail1 and NF‐κB may serve as an important targets in the treatment of breast cancer, both estrogen‐dependent and estrogen‐independent tumors. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry)
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Alexander M. ScherbakovOlga E. AndreevaValentina A. ShatskayaMikhail A. Krasil'nikov Tags: Article Source Type: research
Structure and Function of Human Cdc45 [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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We report biochemical and structural data on the recombinant human Cdc45 protein, consistent with the proposed DHH family affiliation. Like the RecJ exonucleases, the human Cdc45 protein is able to bind single-stranded, but not double-stranded DNA. Small angle x-ray scattering data are consistent with a model compatible with the crystallographic structure of the RecJ/DHH family members. (Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry)
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 3, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Krastanova, I., Sannino, V., Amenitsch, H., Gileadi, O., Pisani, F. M., Onesti, S. Tags: Protein Structure and Folding Source Type: research
Nucleotide Phosphatase Activity in an Orphan R-protein [Plant Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, we have identified a group of R-proteins with a unique function. This biochemical activity appears to have co-evolved with plants in signaling pathways designed to resist pathogen attack. (Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry)
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 3, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Fenyk, S., de San Eustaquio Campillo, A., Pohl, E., Hussey, P. J., Cann, M. J. Tags: Enzymology Source Type: research
Mechanisms and Control of Silk-based Electrospinning.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) nanofibers, formed through electrospinning, have attractive utility in regenerative medicine due to the biocompatibility, mechanical properties and tailorable degradability. The mechanism of SF electrospun nanofiber formation was studied to gain new insight into the formation and control of nanofibers. SF electrospinning solutions with different nanostructures (nanospheres or nanofilaments) were prepared by controlling the drying process during the preparation of regenerated SF films. Compared to SF nanospheres in solution, SF nanofilaments had better spinnability with lower viscosity whe...
Source: Biomacromolecules - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhang F, Zuo B, Fan Z, Xie Z, Lu Q, Zhang X, Kaplan DL Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research
Phosphorylation of GIT1 tyrosine 321 is required for association with FAK at focal adhesions and for PDGF-activated migration of osteoblasts.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Osteoblast migration and proliferation are fundamental processes in bone healing. We demonstrated that the G-protein-coupled receptor kinase interacting protein 1(GIT1) is a key regulator of bone mass and osteoblast cell migration, but little is known about GIT1 regulation by upstream signaling systems or the impact of GIT1 on downstream effectors. We found that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulated the GIT1 tyrosine phosphorylation in osteoblast cells and increased the association of GIT1 with focal adhesion kinase (FAK) at osteoblast focal adhesions. The Src inhibitor PP2 and FAK siRNA inhibit...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ren Y, Yu L, Fan J, Rui Z, Hua Z, Zhang Z, Zhang N, Yin G Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research
Oxygen Activation in Neuronal NO Synthase: Resolving the Consecutive Monooxygenation StepsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The vital signalling molecule nitric oxide is produced by mammalian NOS enzymes in two steps. L-arginine is converted to N-hydroxy-L-arginine NOHA, which is converted to NO and citrulline. Both steps are thought to proceed via similar mechanisms in which the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) activates dioxygen at the heme site by electron transfer. The subsequent events are poorly understood due to the lack of stable intermediates. By analogy with cytochromes P450, a heme-iron oxo species may be formed, or direct reaction between a heme-peroxy intermediate and substrate may occur. The two steps may also occur via differen...
Source: BJ Signal - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: D Papale, C Bruckmann, B Gazur, C S Miles, C G Mowat, S Daff Tags: BJ ChemBio Source Type: research
Pentosan polysulfate increases affinity between ADAMTS-5 and TIMP-3 through formation of an electrostatically driven trimolecular complexEmail this article to a colleague.
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The semi-synthetic sulfated polysaccharide pentosan polysulfate (PPS) increases affinity between the aggrecan-degrading adamalysins with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs) and their endogenous inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-3. Here we demonstrate that PPS mediates the formation of a high affinity trimolecular complex with ADAMTS-5 and TIMP-3. A TIMP-3 mutant that lacks extracellular matrix binding ability was insensitive to this affinity increase, and truncated forms of ADAMTS-5 that lack the Spacer domain had reduced PPS-binding ability and sensitivity to the affinity increase. PPS molecules compose...
Source: BJ Disease - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: L Troeberg, B Mulloy, P Ghosh, M Lee, G Murphy, H Nagase Tags: BJ Disease Source Type: research
Ab initio protein modeling into cryoEM density maps using EM‐FoldEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractEM‐Fold was used to build models for nine proteins in the maps of GroEL (7.7 Å resolution) and ribosome (6.4 Å resolution) in the ab initio modeling category of the 2010 cryoEM modeling challenge. EM‐Fold assembles predicted secondary structure elements (SSEs) into regions of the density map that were identified to correspond to either α‐helices or β‐strands. The assembly uses a Monte Carlo algorithm where loop closure, density‐SSE length agreement, and strength of connecting density between SSEs are evaluated. Top scoring models are refined by translating, rotating and bending SSEs to yield better ag...
Source: Biopolymers - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Steffen LindertTommy HofmannNils WötzelMert KarakaşPhoebe L. StewartJens Meiler Source Type: research
A facile electrophoretic technique to monitor phosphoenolpyruvate‐dependent kinasesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)‐dependent kinases are central to numerous metabolic processes and mediate the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by substrate‐level phosphorylation (SLP). While pyruvate kinase (PK, EC: 2.7.1.40), the final enzyme of the glycolytic pathway is critical in the anaerobic synthesis of ATP from ADP, pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK, EC: 2.7.9.1) and phosphoenolpyruvate synthase (PEPS, EC: 2.7.9.2) help generate ATP from AMP coupled to PEP as a substrate. Here we demonstrate an inexpensive and effective electrophoretic technology to determine the activities of these enzymes by blue‐native...
Source: Electrophoresis - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Christopher AugerVarun AppannaZachary CastonguaySungwon HanVasu D. Appanna Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Microchip electrophoresis coupled with on‐line magnetic separation and chemiluminescence detection for multiplexed immunoassayEmail this article to a colleague.
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A facile and universal strategy for multiplexed immunoassay is proposed. The strategy is based on microchip electrophoresis (MCE) coupled with on‐line magnetic separation and chemiluminescence detection. The system consisted of a microchip, an electromagnet and a photomultiplier. The realization of multiplexed immunoassay protocol involves sampling magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) labeled antibodies, N‐(4‐aminobutyl)‐N‐ethyl‐isoluminol (ABEI) labeled antigens and free antigens in the precolumn reactor, on‐line immunoreaction, capturing the MNPs‐ immunocomplexes, and the separation of unconjugated ABEI‐labele...
Source: Electrophoresis - February 3, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yong HuangShulin ZhaoMing ShiJinwen LiuHong Liang Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
An essential role for p38 MAPK in cerebellar granule neuron precursor proliferationEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Development of the cerebellum occurs postnatally and is marked by a rapid proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron precursors
(CGNPs). CGNPs are the cells of origin for SHH-driven medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor in children.
Here, we investigated the role of ERK, JNK, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in CGNP proliferation. We found high
levels of p38α in proliferating CGNPs. Concomitantly, members of the p38 pathway, such as ASK1, MKK3 and ATF-2, were also
elevated. Inhibition of the Shh pathway or CGNP proliferation blunts p38α levels, irrespective of Shh treatme...
Source: Acta Neuropathologica - February 2, 2012 Category: Neurology Tags: Acta Neuropathologica Source Type: research
The role of congruency in retronasal odor referral to the mouth.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Referral of retronasal odors to the mouth is a fundamental phenomenon of flavor perception. A previous study from this laboratory provided evidence that, contrary to prior speculation, taste rather than touch was the primary factor in retronasal odor referral. The present study further investigated this question by studying the role of congruency between taste and odor on retronasal odor referral under conditions that mimicked natural food consumption. Subjects performed odor localization tasks after sampling gelatin stimuli that contained various congruent and incongruent tastes-odor combinations. The res...
Source: Chemical Senses - February 2, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lim J, Johnson MB Tags: Chem Senses Source Type: research
Mammalian-Specific OR37 Receptors Are Differentially Activated by Distinct Odorous Fatty Aldehydes.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
The capacity of the mammalian olfactory system to detect an enormous collection of different chemical compounds is based on a large repertoire of odorant receptors (ORs). A small group of these ORs, the OR37 family, is unique due to a variety of special features. Members of this subfamily are exclusively found in mammals, they share a high degree of sequence homology and are highly conserved during evolution. It is still elusive which odorants may activate these atypical receptors. We have reasoned that compounds from skin, hairs, or skin glands might be potential candidates. We have exposed mice to such c...
Source: Chemical Senses - February 2, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bautze V, Bär R, Fissler B, Trapp M, Schmidt D, Beifuss U, Bufe B, Zufall F, Breer H, Strotmann J Tags: Chem Senses Source Type: research
Pulp Properties and their Influence on Enzymatic Degradability.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Endoglucanase treatment of pulp for the adjustment of viscosity and the increase in pulp reactivity is a promising step in the concept for the beneficial production of dissolving pulps from paper grade-pulps. In order to promote the commercial applicability of these enzymes, the influence of pulp properties such as carbohydrate composition, pulp type and cellulose morphology on the enzymatic degradability of a pulp was examined. High contents of hemicelluloses and lignin were shown to impair the accessibility of the cellulose to the enzymes. Due to the elevated swelling capacity of cellulose II, conversion...
Source: Biomacromolecules - February 2, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gehmayr V, Sixta H Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research
Drastically Lowered Protein Adsorption on Microbicidal Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Polyelectrolyte Multilayers.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayer films assembled from a hydrophobic N-alkylated polyethylenimine and a hydrophilic polyacrylate were discovered to exhibit strong antifouling, as well as antimicrobial, activities. Surfaces coated with these layer-by-layer (LbL) films, which range from 6 to 10 bilayers (up to 45 nm in thickness), adsorbed up to 20 times less protein from blood plasma than the uncoated controls. The dependence of the antifouling activity on the nature of the polycation, as well as on assembly conditions and the number of layers in the LbL films, was investigated. Changing the hydrophobicity of the ...
Source: Biomacromolecules - February 2, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wong SY, Han L, Timachova K, Veselinovic J, Hyder MN, Ortiz C, Klibanov AM, Hammond PT Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research
Molecular characterization of the porcine MTPAP gene associated with meat quality traits: chromosome localization, expression distribution, and transcriptional regulation.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, 2,296 bp partial cDNA sequences of the porcine MTPAP gene were obtained, which contained 1,746 bp full-length coding regions flanked by a 500 bp partial 3'-UTR. The porcine MTPAP gene was assigned to SSC10q14-q16 using the radiation hybrid (IMpRH) panel and chromosome electric location methods. Q-PCR analysis showed that MTPAP was expressed in all analyzed tissues, and has higher expression in heart, liver, skeletal muscles, and fat. One single nucleotide polymorphism g.2421T>A in intron5 of MTPAP gene was identified and detected by DdeI PCR-RFLP. Association of the genotypes with economic traits showe...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - February 2, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Han X, Jiang T, Yu L, Zeng C, Fan B, Liu B Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research
Curcumin causes promoter hypomethylation and increased expression of FANCF gene in SiHa cell line.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Curcumin and resveratrol were evaluated for their potential to cause reversal of promoter hypermethylation and associated gene expression of FANCF in SiHa cell line. Methylation specific PCR along with bisulphite sequencing revealed the demethylation of 12 CpG sites out of 15 CpG sites spanning +280 to +432 region of FANCF promoter after treatment with curcumin and fivefold up regulation of FANCF gene expression as shown by qRT-PCR. In vitro methylation assay also showed that M.SssI an analogue of DNMT1 was effectively inhibited at 50 μM concentration of curcumin. Resveratrol was not found to be effectiv...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - February 2, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Parashar G, Parashar NC, Capalash N Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research
Human anti-EGFL7 recombinant full-length antibodies selected from a mammalian cell-based antibody display library.Email this article to a colleague.
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We describe here the isolation of an EGFL7-specific antibody from a mammalian cell-based full-length antibody display library generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Using a novel vector, contained glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor and restriction enzyme sites NheI and ClaI, antibody libraries are displayed as whole IgG molecules on the cell surface and screened for specific antigen binding by a combination of magnetic beads and measured by cell ELISA. Anti-EGFL7 antibody was successfully isolated from the library. The mammalian cell-based full-length antibody display ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - February 2, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Li F, Liu YH, Li YW, Ju Q, Chen L, Xie PL, Li YH, Li GC Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research
Acute inhibition of iron bioavailability by zinc: studies in humans.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies constitute two of the most important nutritional and public health problems affecting developing countries. Combined supplementation or fortification with Zn and Fe are strategies that can be used to improve the Zn and Fe status of a population. However, there is concern about potential negative interactions between these two micronutrients due to a competitive binding to DMT1 and Zip14 transporter. Studies performed in humans have shown an inhibitory effect of Zn on Fe absorption when both minerals are given together as a solution in fasting conditions. We found that a...
Source: Biometals - February 2, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Olivares M, Pizarro F, Ruz M, López de Romaña D Tags: Biometals Source Type: research
Pseudocholinesterase in gestational diabetes: positive correlation with LDL and negative correlation with triglycerideEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion PChE activity was not significantly different between the groups. However, there was a positive correlation between PChE and
LDL levels in pregnant women with GD, suggesting that LDL levels in pregnant women with GD may help to predict the risk of
prolonged apnea in situations in which PChE activity cannot be measured.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Maternal-Fetal MedicinePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00404-012-2241-6Authors
Lütfiye Pirbudak Cocelli, Department of Anaesthesiology and Algology, Medical School, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, TurkeyEbru Dikensoy, Department of Obst...
Source: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics - February 1, 2012 Category: OBGYN Tags: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Source Type: research
The Efficacy of Licorice Root Extract in Decreasing Transaminase Activities in Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Clinical TrialEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study was performed to investigate the effects of licorice on non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this double blind randomized clinical trial, 66 patients were divided into case and control groups. All patients had elevated liver enzymes and had increased liver echogenicity (lipid accumulation) on sonography. The case group was treated with one capsule containing 2 g aqueous licorice root extract per day for 2 months while the control group was treated in the same manner with a placebo. Weight, body mass index (BMI) and liver transaminase levels were measured for each patient before and after the study...
Source: Phytotherapy Research - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ali Akbar HajiaghamohammadiAmir ZiaeeRasoul Samimi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Lipase Immobilization on Differently Functionalised Vinyl-Based Amphiphilic Polymers: Influence of Phase Segregation on the Enzyme Hydrolytic Activity.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Microbial lipase from Candida rugosa was immobilized by physical adsorption onto an ethylene-vinyl alcohol polymer (EVAL) functionalized with acyl chlorides. In order to evaluate the influence of the reagent chain-length on the amount and activity of immobilized lipase, three differently long aliphatic fatty acids were employed (C8, C12, C18), obtaining EVAL functionalization degrees ranging from 5% to 65%. The enzyme-polymer affinity increased with both the length of the alkyl chain and the matrix hydrophobicity. In particular, the esterified polymers showed a tendency to give segregated hydrophilic and h...
Source: Biomacromolecules - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bellusci M, Francolini I, Martinelli A, D'Ilario L, Piozzi A Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research
Re-orientation of cellulose nanowhiskers in agarose hydrogels under tensile loading.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Agarose hydrogels filled with cellulose nanowhiskers were strained in uniaxial stretching under different humidity conditions. The orientation of the cellulose whiskers was examined before and after testing with an X-ray laboratory source and monitored in situ during loading by synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The aim of this approach was to determine the process parameters for re-orienting the cellulose nanowhiskers towards a preferential direction. Results show that a controlled drying of the hydrogel is essential to establish interactions between the matrix and the cellulose nanowhiskers which allow for a...
Source: Biomacromolecules - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Osorio-Madrazo A, Eder M, Rueggeberg M, Pandey JK, Harrington MJ, Nishiyama Y, Putaux JL, Rochas C, Burgert I Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research
Dual-Responsive Magnetic Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Non-Viral Gene Delivery and Cell Separation.Email this article to a colleague.
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We present the synthesis of dual-responsive (pH and temperature) magnetic core-shell nanoparticles utilizing the grafting-from approach. First, oleic acid stabilized superparamagnetic maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles (NP's), prepared by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl, were surface-functionalized with ATRP initiating sites bearing a dopamine anchor group via ligand exchange. Subsequently, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was polymerized from the surface by ATRP, yielding dual-responsive magnetic core-shell NP's (γ-Fe2O3@PDMAEMA). The attachment of the dopamine anchor group on the nanoparticles´ ...
Source: Biomacromolecules - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Majewski AP, Schallon A, Jerome V, Freitag R, Mueller AH, Schmalz H Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research
Biomimetic Poly(ethylene glycol)-Based Hydrogels as Scaffolds for Inducing Endothelial Adhesion and Capillary-like Network Formation.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an attractive model for designing synthetic scaffolds with a desirable environment for tissue engineering. Here, we report on the synthesis of ECM-mimetic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels for inducing endothelial cell (EC) adhesion and capillary-like network formation. A collagen type I-derived peptide, GPQGIAGQ (GIA)-containing PEGDA (GIA-PEGDA) was synthesized with the collagenase-sensitive GIA sequence attached in the middle of the PEGDA chain, which was then copolymerized with RGD capped-PEG monoacrylate (RGD-PEGMA) to form biomimetic hydrogels. The hydrogels degr...
Source: Biomacromolecules - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhu J, He P, Lin L, Jones DR, Marchant RE Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research
Delivery of dermatan sulfate from polyelectrolyte complex-containing alginate composite microspheres for tissue regeneration.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Dermatan sulfate (DS) is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) with a great potential as a new therapeutic agent in tissue engineering. The aim of the present study was to investigate the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) between chitosan and dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) and delivery of DS from PEC-containing alginate/chitosan/dermatan sulfate (Alg/CS/DS) microspheres for application in tissue regeneration. The CS/DS complexes were initially formed at different conditions including varying CS:DS ratio (positive:negative charge ratio), buffer and pH. The obtained CS/DS complexes exhibited stronger electrostatic...
Source: Biomacromolecules - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wen Y, Grondahl L, Gallego MR, Jorgensen L, Møller EH, Nielsen HM Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research
Nocodazole increases the ERK activity to enhance MKP-1 expression which inhibits p38 activation induced by TNF-αEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 plays key roles in cell progression, differentiation, inflammation, and apoptosis. p38 is activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli such as UV and proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). It has been demonstrated that destruction of microtubules with different reagents led to impaired p38 activation in response to various extracellular stimuli. However, several other groups have reported that microtubule-interfering agents stimulate the activation of MAPK superfamily members including p38 in certain cell context. The discrepancy suggests ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Guo X, Zhang X, Li Y, Guo Y, Wang J, Li Y, Shen B, Sun D, Zhang J Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research
Issue InformationEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: Journal of Food Biochemistry)
Source: Journal of Food Biochemistry - February 1, 2012 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
A naturally occurring nonapeptide functionally compensates the CP1 domain of leucyl-tRNA synthetase to modulate aminoacylation activityEmail this article to a colleague.
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Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) establish the rules of the genetic code by catalyzing the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA. The quality control for aminoacylation reaction is achieved by editing activity, which is usually carried out by a discrete editing domain. For leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS), the connective peptide 1 (CP1) domain is the editing domain responsible for hydrolyzing mis-charged tRNA. The CP1 domain is universally present in LeuRSs except LeuRS from Mycoplasma mobile (MmLeuRS). The substitute of CP1 in MmLeuRS is a nonapeptide (MmLinker). We show here that the MmLinker, which is critical for aminoacylation ...
Source: BJ Gene - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: M Tan, W Yan, R Liu, M Wang, X Chen, X Zhou, E Wang Tags: BJ Gene Source Type: research
Cytosolic Ca2{+} regulates the energisation of isolated brain mitochondria by formation of pyruvate through the malate{-}aspartate shuttleEmail this article to a colleague.
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The glutamate-dependent respiration of isolated brain mitochondria (BM) is regulated by cytosolic Ca2+ (Ca2+cyt) (S0.5 = 225 ± 22 nM) through its effects on aralar. We now also demonstrate that the a-glycerophosphate-dependent respiration is controlled by Ca2+cyt (S0.5 = 60 ± 10 nM). At higher Ca2+cyt (< 600 nM), BM accumulate Ca2+ which enhances the rate of action of intramitochondrial dehydrogenases. The highest Ca2+-induced increments of state 3 respiration decrease with substrate in the order glutamate < a-ketoglutarate < isocitrate < a-glycerophosphat...
Source: BJ Energy - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: F N Gellerich, Z Gizatullina, S Trumbeckaite, B Korzeniewski, T Gaynutdinov, E Seppet, S Vielhaber, H Heinze, F Striggow Tags: BJ Energy Source Type: research
Phosphorylation target site specificity for AGC kinases DMPK E and Lats2Email this article to a colleague.
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AbstractSerine/threonine kinases of the AGC group are important regulators of cell growth and motility. To examine the candidate substrate profile for two members of this group, DMPK E and Lats2, we performed in vitro kinase assays on peptide arrays. Substrate peptides for both kinases exhibited a predominance of basic residues surrounding the phosphorylation target site. 3D homology modeling of the kinase domains of DMPK E and Lats2 indicated that presence of two negative pockets in the peptide binding groove provides an explanation for the substrate preference. These findings will aid future research towards signaling fu...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lieke GerritsHanka VenselaarBé WieringaDerick G. WansinkWiljan J.A.J. Hendriks Tags: Article Source Type: research
Deep sequencing reveals predominant expression of miR‐21 amongst the small noncoding RNAs in retinal microvascular endothelial cellsEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractThe retinal vascular endothelium is essential for angiogenesis and is involved in maintaining barrier selectivity and vascular tone. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify microRNAs and other small regulatory non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) which may regulate these crucial functions. Primary bovine retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) provide a well characterized in vitro system for studying angiogenesis. RNA extracted from RMECs was used to prepare a small RNA library for deep sequencing (Illumina Genome Analyzer). A total of 6.8 million reads were mapped to 250 known microRNAs in miRBase (releas...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jasenka Guduric‐FuchsAnna O'ConnorAngela CullenLaura HarwoodReinhold J. MedinaChristina L O'NeillAlan W. StittTim M. CurtisDavid A. Simpson Tags: Article Source Type: research
Clinical significance of circulating interleukin‐23 as a prognostic factor in breast cancer patientsEmail this article to a colleague.
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DiscussionThis work investigated, for the first time, the role of IL‐23 in breast cancer patients showing a significant increase respect the control group. However, further validations are needed in larger studies to better investigate the implications of IL‐23 increase in these patients. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry)
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 1, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sebastiano GangemiPaola MinciulloBarbara AdamoTindara FranchinaGiuseppina RR RicciardiMaria FerraroRoberta BriguglioGiuseppe ToscanoSalvatore SaittaVincenzo Adamo Tags: Article Source Type: research
