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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 3.

Reading the human genome
(DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) Berkeley Lab researchers have achieved a major advance in understanding how genetic information is transcribed from DNA to RNA by providing the first step-by-step look at the biomolecular machinery that reads the human genome.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 27, 2013 Category: Biology Source Type: news

NASA's Aquarius sees salty shifts
(NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center) The colorful images chronicle the seasonal stirrings of our salty world: Pulses of freshwater gush from the Amazon River's mouth; an invisible seam divides the salty Arabian Sea from the fresher waters of the Bay of Bengal; a large patch of freshwater appears in the eastern tropical Pacific in the winter. These and other changes in ocean salinity patterns are revealed by the first full year of surface salinity data captured by NASA's Aquarius instrument.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 27, 2013 Category: Biology Source Type: news

GSA Today: Putting time in its place
(Geological Society of America) In the March issue of GSA Today, seven scientists from six countries, led by Jan Zalasiewicz of the University of Leicester, propose a realignment of the terms "geochronology" and "chronostratigraphy" in an attempt to resolve the debate of whether units of the Geological Time Scale should have a single (time) or dual (time and time-rock) hierarchy.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 27, 2013 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Biologists explore link between amphibian behavior and deadly disease
(San Francisco State University) In a new study, biologists will investigate the connection between amphibians' social habits and a disease that has killed a record number of frogs, toads and salamanders worldwide.This week, San Francisco State University biologists received a $595,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to explore the relationship between amphibian social behavior and a fungus called Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. This harmful fungus attacks an amphibian's skin and causes the disease Chytridiomycosis.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 27, 2013 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of N-acetylneuraminate lyase from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
The enzyme N-acetylneuraminate lyase (EC 4.1.3.3) is involved in the metabolism of sialic acids. Specifically, the enzyme catalyzes the retro-aldol cleavage of N-acetylneuraminic acid to form N-acetyl-d-mannosamine and pyruvate. Sialic acids comprise a large family of nine-carbon amino sugars, all of which are derived from the parent compound N-acetylneuraminic acid. In recent years, N-acetylneuraminate lyase has received considerable attention from both mechanistic and structural viewpoints and has been recognized as a potential antimicrobial drug target. The N-acetylneuraminate lyase gene was cloned from methicillin-resi...
Source: Acta Crystallographica Section F - February 27, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: North, R.A.Kessans, S.A.Atkinson, S.C.Suzuki, H.Watson, A.J.A.Burgess, B.R.Angley, L.M.Hudson, A.O.Varsani, A.Griffin, M.D.W.Fairbanks, A.J.Dobson, R.C.J. Tags: antibiotic resistance N-acetylneuraminate lyase NAL sialic acid metabolism Staphylococcus aureus MRSA crystallization communications Source Type: research

Why so many unknown genes? Partitioning orphans from a representative transcriptome of the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum
Conclusions: We conclude that the abundance of orphan genes in A. americanum likely results from 1) taxonomic isolation stemming from divergence within the tick lineage and limited genomic resources for ticks and 2) lineage-specific genes needing functional genomic studies to evaluate their association with the unique biology of ticks. The EST sequences described here will contribute substantially to the development of tick genomics. Moreover, the framework provided for the evaluation of orphan genes can guide analyses of future transcriptome sequencing projects.
Source: BMC Genomics - Latest articles - February 27, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Amanda GibsonZach SmithClay FuquaKeith ClayJohn Colbourne Source Type: research

CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells prolong drug-induced disease remission in (NZBxNZW) F1 lupus mice
Conclusions: Treg were capable to prolong the interval of remission induced by conventional cytostatic drugs. This study provides valuable information and a first proof-of-concept for the feasibility of a Treg-based immunotherapy in the maintenance of disease remission in SLE.
Source: Arthritis Research and Therapy - February 27, 2013 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Olivia WeigertCaroline von SpeeReinmar UndeutschLutz KlokeJens HumrichGabriela Riemekasten Source Type: research

Chemical biology: Targeting deubiquitinating enzymes
Nature Methods 10, 193 (2013). doi:10.1038/nmeth.2380
Source: Nature Methods - February 27, 2013 Category: Research Tags: Methods in Brief Source Type: research

Molecular biology: Circles reshape the RNA world
Nature advance online publication 27 February 2013. doi:10.1038/nature11956 Author: Kenneth S. Kosik The versatility of RNA seems limitless. The latest surprise comes from circular RNAs, which are found to counteract the function of another class of regulatory RNA — the microRNAs.
Source: Nature AOP - February 27, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Kenneth S. Kosik Tags: News & Views Source Type: research

Dynamics extracted from fixed cells reveal feedback linking cell growth to cell cycle
c W. Kirschner Biologists have long been concerned about what constrains variation in cell size, but progress in this field has been slow and stymied by experimental limitations. Here we describe a new method, ergodic rate analysis (ERA), that uses single-cell measurements of fixed steady-state populations to accurately infer the rates of molecular events, including rates of cell growth. ERA exploits the fact that the number of cells in a particular state is related to the average transit time through that state. With this method, it is possible to calculate full time trajectories of any feature that can be labelled i...
Source: Nature - February 27, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Ran KafriJason LevyMiriam B. GinzbergSeungeun OhGalit LahavMarc W. Kirschner Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Big biology: The ’omes puzzle
Nature 494, 7438 (2013). http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/494416a Author: Monya Baker Where once there was the genome, now there are thousands of ’omes. Nature goes in search of the ones that matter.
Source: Nature - February 27, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Monya Baker Tags: Feature Source Type: research

Seven days: 22–28 February 2013
Nature 494, 7438 (2013). http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/494406a The week in science: Canada launches satellite to search for asteroids; big new biology prizes awarded; and Irish science gets cash injection.
Source: Nature - February 27, 2013 Category: Research Tags: Seven Days Source Type: research

Interleukin-17 causes Rho-kinase-mediated endothelial dysfunction and hypertension
Conclusion These data demonstrate that IL-17 activates RhoA/Rho-kinase leading to endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. Inhibitors of IL-17 or Rho-kinase may prove useful as anti-hypertensive drugs in IL-17-associated autoimmune diseases.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nguyen, H., Chiasson, V. L., Chatterjee, P., Kopriva, S. E., Young, K. J., Mitchell, B. M. Tags: Vascular biology Source Type: research

Nandrolone attenuates aortic adaptation to exercise in rats
Conclusion These results demonstrate that nandrolone attenuates aortic adaptations to exercise by regulating mitochondrial dynamic remodelling, including down-regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and intensive autophagy.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sun, M., Shen, W., Zhong, M., Wu, P., Chen, H., Lu, A. Tags: Vascular biology Source Type: research

Pressure-overload-induced heart failure induces a selective reduction in glucose oxidation at physiological afterload
Conclusions Pressure overload-induced heart failure and I/R shift the preference of substrate oxidation from glucose and lactate to fatty acid due to a selective reduction in carbohydrate oxidation. Normalizing the balance between metabolic substrate utilization may alleviate pressure-overload-induced heart failure and ischaemia.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhabyeyev, P., Gandhi, M., Mori, J., Basu, R., Kassiri, Z., Clanachan, A., Lopaschuk, G. D., Oudit, G. Y. Tags: Cardiac biology and remodelling Source Type: research

Hierarchical accumulation of RyR post-translational modifications drives disease progression in dystrophic cardiomyopathy
Conclusion Our findings suggest that increased RyR Ca2+ sensitivity precedes and presumably drives the progression of dystrophic cardiomyopathy, with oxidative stress initiating its development. RyR oxidation followed by phosphorylation, first by CaMKII and later by PKA, synergistically contributes to cardiac deterioration.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kyrychenko, S., Polakova, E., Kang, C., Pocsai, K., Ullrich, N. D., Niggli, E., Shirokova, N. Tags: Cardiac biology and remodelling Source Type: research

Systems-level approaches reveal conservation of trans-regulated genes in the rat and genetic determinants of blood pressure in humans
Conclusion We showed extensive conservation of trans-regulated genes and their master regulators between rat and human hypertension. These findings reveal that small-effect genes associated with hypertension by human GWAS are likely to exert their action through coordinate regulation of pathogenic pathways.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Langley, S. R., Bottolo, L., Kunes, J., Zicha, J., Zidek, V., Hubner, N., Cook, S. A., Pravenec, M., Aitman, T. J., Petretto, E. Tags: Systems biology Source Type: research

Lipidomic and metabolomic analyses reveal potential plasma biomarkers of early atheromatous plaque formation in hamsters
Conclusion The use of comparative liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-based lipidomics and metabolomics allows the discovery of novel pathways in atherogenesis, as well as new potential plasma biomarkers, which could allow us to predict disease in its early stages and measure its progression.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jove, M., Ayala, V., Ramirez-Nunez, O., Serrano, J. C. E., Cassanye, A., Arola, L., Caimari, A., del Bas, J. M., Crescenti, A., Pamplona, R., Portero-Otin, M. Tags: Systems biology Source Type: research

Drug interaction networks: an introduction to translational and clinical applications
This article introduces fundamental concepts to guide the analysis and interpretation of drug–target interaction networks. An overview of the generation and integration of interaction networks is followed by key strategies for extracting biologically meaningful information. The article highlights how this information can enable novel translational and clinically motivated applications. Important advances for the discovery of new treatments and for the detection of adverse drug effects are discussed. Examples of applications and findings originating from cardiovascular research are presented. The review ends with a di...
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Azuaje, F. Tags: TOPICAL REVIEWS: FOCUS ON CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Source Type: research

Integrative genomics in cardiovascular medicine
Integrative genomics studies have greatly advanced our understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology over the last decade. Here, we highlight the strengths and challenges of this cutting-edge approach and provide examples where novel insights have arisen through the integration of multi-level genomic information and cardiac physiology. Going forward, the integration of comprehensive next-generation sequencing data sets with quantitative phenotypes at the molecular, cellular, and whole-heart level using advanced modelling approaches provides an unprecedented opportunity for cardiovascular science.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ware, J. S., Petretto, E., Cook, S. A. Tags: TOPICAL REVIEWS: FOCUS ON CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Source Type: research

Proteomics: from single molecules to biological pathways
The conventional reductionist approach to cardiovascular research investigates individual candidate factors or linear signalling pathways but ignores more complex interactions in biological systems. The advent of molecular profiling technologies that focus on a global characterization of whole complements allows an exploration of the interconnectivity of pathways during pathophysiologically relevant processes, but has brought about the issue of statistical analysis and data integration. Proteins identified by differential expression as well as those in protein–protein interaction networks identified through experimen...
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Langley, S. R., Dwyer, J., Drozdov, I., Yin, X., Mayr, M. Tags: TOPICAL REVIEWS: FOCUS ON CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Source Type: research

Combining wet and dry research: experience with model development for cardiac mechano-electric structure-function studies
Since the development of the first mathematical cardiac cell model 50 years ago, computational modelling has become an increasingly powerful tool for the analysis of data and for the integration of information related to complex cardiac behaviour. Current models build on decades of iteration between experiment and theory, representing a collective understanding of cardiac function. All models, whether computational, experimental, or conceptual, are simplified representations of reality and, like tools in a toolbox, suitable for specific applications. Their range of applicability can be explored (and expanded) by iterative ...
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Quinn, T. A., Kohl, P. Tags: TOPICAL REVIEWS: FOCUS ON CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Source Type: research

From data gathering to systems medicine
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mayr, M. Tags: EDITORIAL: FOCUS ON CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Source Type: research

Ulf M.E. Wikesjö, DDS, DMD, PHD, Professor of Periodontics & Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
Source: Endodontic Topics - February 27, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: Ulf M.E. Wikesjö Tags: Biography Source Type: research

Stéphane Simon, DCD, MPHIL, PHD, DSC, Senior Clinical Lecturer in Oral Biology & Endodontics, UFR D'Odotontologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
Source: Endodontic Topics - February 27, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: Stéphane Simon Tags: Biography Source Type: research

Lari Häkkinen, DDS, PHD, Associate Professor, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Source: Endodontic Topics - February 27, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: Lari Häkkinen Tags: Biography Source Type: research

Paul R. Cooper, PHD, Professor of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Source: Endodontic Topics - February 27, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: Paul R. Cooper Tags: Biography Source Type: research

Ariane Berdal, DDS, PHD, Professor of Oral Biology & Genetics, Dental School, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
Source: Endodontic Topics - February 27, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: Ariane Berdal Tags: Biography Source Type: research

IU discovery on animal memory opens doors to research on memory impairment diseases
(Indiana University) A study newly published in the journal Current Biology offers the first evidence of source memory in a nonhuman animal. The findings have "fascinating implications," said principal investigator Jonathon Crystal, both in evolutionary terms and for future research into the biological underpinnings of memory, as well as the treatment of diseases marked by memory failure such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's, or disorders such as schizophrenia, PTSD and depression.
Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science - February 27, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Network-Based Drug Repositioning
, 2013, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/C3MB25382A, Review ArticleZikai Wu, Yong Wang, Luonan ChenNetwork-based computational biology, with the emphasis on biomolecular interactions and omics-data integration, has gone deep into drug development and created new directions such as drug repositioning and drug combination. Drug...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
Source: RSC - Mol. BioSyst. latest articles - February 26, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zikai Wu Source Type: research

Macrophages are unsuccessful in clearing aggregated alpha‐synuclein from the gastrointestinal tract of healthy aged Fischer 344 rats
With age, alpha‐synuclein (α‐SYNC) misfolds and forms insoluble deposits of protein in the myenteric plexus, leading presumably to dystrophy and degeneration in the circuitry controlling gastrointestinal (GI) function. The present experiment examined aggregates of α‐SYNC in the aging small intestine and investigated how macrophages in the wall of the GI tract respond to these aberrant deposits. Groups of adult and aged Fisher 344 rats were studied. Whole mounts of duodenal, jejunal, and ileal smooth muscle wall, including the myenteric plexus, were prepared. Double labeling immunohistochemistry was used to stain α...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - February 26, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Robert J. Phillips, Cherie N. Billingsley, Terry L. Powley Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Doubts Emerge on the Value of Very Low Cholesterol Levels
[More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 26, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Health,Pharmaceuticals,Biology Source Type: research

Intergenerational effects of inbreeding in Nicrophorus vespilloides: offspring suffer fitness costs when either they or their parents are inbred
Abstract Inbreeding depression is the reduction in fitness caused by mating between related individuals. Inbreeding is expected to cause a reduction in offspring fitness when the offspring themselves are inbred, but outbred individuals may also suffer a reduction in fitness when they depend on care from inbred parents. At present, little is known about the significance of such intergenerational effects of inbreeding. Here, we report two experiments on the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides, an insect with elaborate parental care, in which we investigated inbreeding depression in offspring when either the offspring the...
Source: Journal of Evolutionary Biology - February 26, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: S. N. Mattey, L. Strutt, P. T. Smiseth Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Ship noise makes crabs get crabby
A study published today in Biology Letters found that ship noise affects crab metabolism, with largest crabs faring worst, and found little evidence that crabs acclimatise to noise over time.
Source: University of Bristol news - February 26, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: news_text Tags: Press releases Source Type: news

Bio-Rad Laboratories profit drops on R&D costs
Higher research and development costs weighed on profits at Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc. in the fourth quarter and year ended December. The Hercules company (NYSE: BIO), which sells biology laboratory products and also clinical tests for blood typing and diabetes monitoring, earned $47.5 million on sales of $573.8 million in the fourth quarter. A year earlier Bio-Rad earned $59.2 million on sales of $550.2 million in the same quarter. R&D costs jumped to $59.8 million in the fourth quarter from $50.1…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Hospitals headlines - February 26, 2013 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Steven E.F. Brown Source Type: research

Data Stretching Back to 1959 May Explain Link Between Environment and Breast Cancer
When Ida Washington received a letter inviting her to participate in a women’s health study to explore the environmental roots of breast cancer, she didn’t think twice. Her mother was diagnosed with the disease nearly 40 years ago, and since then, it has been a terrifying mystery she has yearned to unravel. [More]
Source: Scientific American Topic - Medical Technology - February 26, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Energy & Sustainability,Environment,Health,History of Science,Medical Technology,Energy Sustainability,Infectious Diseases,Biology,Society Policy Source Type: news

What Color Were Dinosaurs? - Instant Egghead
Dinosaurs died out some 65 million years ago, so how could we possibly determine the color of their skin--or feathers? As Scientific American's Eric R. Olson explains, new fossil evidence is pointing the way. Episode written by Kate Wong.
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 26, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Biology,Evolution,More Science Source Type: research

How to get to sleep: Guardian readers' tips for a good night
Following research on the genetic changes caused by poor sleep, readers leave their tips for a good night's kipIn the wake of news that sleeping less than six hours a night skews the activity of hundreds of genes, readers have been sharing advice on how to get some decent shut-eye. ToBaldlyGo kicked off the conversation by pondering the merits of alcohol before bedtime. lhumphrey responded:@ToBaldlyGo - that's because having a drink at night "to get you to sleep" may knock you out but actually restricts your bodies ability to enter restorative, REM sleep throughout the night. You may have been asleep for longer but will ac...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - February 26, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Guardian readers Tags: Blogposts Genetics Health guardian.co.uk Medical research Human biology Society Life and style Sleep Science Source Type: news

Targeted therapy in melanoma
Abstract: Since the discovery of activating mutations in the BRAF oncogene in melanoma, there has been remarkable progress in the development of targeted therapies for unresectable and metastatic melanoma. We review the latest developments in our understanding of the role of BRAF/MEK/ERK pathway signaling in melanoma, and the development of inhibitors of this pathway. We also explore alternative mutations seen in melanoma, such as NRAS, KIT, GNAQ, and GNA11, and the drug development that is ongoing based on this biology. Strategies for the management of the vexing clinical problem of BRAF inhibitor resistance, primarily vi...
Source: Clinics in Dermatology - February 26, 2013 Category: Dermatology Authors: Ragini R. Kudchadkar, Keiran S.M. Smalley, L. Frank Glass, James S. Trimble, Vernon K. Sondak Source Type: research

Identification Of New Type Of Gene That Regulates Tumor Suppressor PTEN
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have identified a new so-called pseudogene that regulates the tumour-suppressing PTEN gene. They hope that this pseudogene will be able to control PTEN to reverse the tumour process, make the cancer tumour more sensitive to chemotherapy and to prevent the development of resistance. The findings, which are published in the scientific journal Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, can be of significance in the future development of cancer drugs...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 26, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer / Oncology Source Type: news

Algorithm To Predict How Much Can Be Learned In A Large-scale DNA Sequencing Experiment - With Potential Applications In Every Field Of Science
Two USC scientists have developed an algorithm that could help make DNA sequencing affordable enough for clinics - and could be useful to researchers of all stripes. Andrew Smith, a computational biologist at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, developed the algorithm along with USC graduate student Timothy Daley to help predict the value of sequencing more DNA, published in Nature Methods on February 24...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 26, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Genetics Source Type: news

Analytical Trick Accelerates Protein Studies
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found a new way to accelerate a workhorse instrument that identifies proteins. The high-speed technique could help diagnose cancer sooner and point to new drugs for treating a wide range of conditions. Proteins are essential building blocks of biology, used in muscle, brain, blood and hormones. If the genes are the blueprints, the proteins patterned on them are the hammers and tongs of life...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 26, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer / Oncology Source Type: news

Genes Linked To Human Neurological Disorders Discovered In Sea Lamprey Genome
Scientists at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) have identified several genes linked to human neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and spinal cord injury, in the sea lamprey, a vertebrate fish whose whole-genome sequence is reported in the journal Nature Genetics. "This means that we can use the sea lamprey as a powerful model to drive forward our molecular understanding of human neurodegenerative disease and neurological disorders," says Jennifer Morgan of the MBL's Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 26, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Alzheimer's / Dementia Source Type: news

Does skin hydration influence keratinocyte biology? In vivo evaluation of microscopic skin changes induced by moisturizers by means of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy
ConclusionRCM revealed that the changes involve the skin surface by reducing the micro‐scales and epidermal irregularity. Even more interestingly, RCM showed that higher interkeratinocytes' brightness is seen for moisturizer, but not for the control area. This RCM finding could be linked to keratinocyte membrane protein exposure and/or substance release in the interkeratinocytic space.To sum up, RCM represents a useful imaging tool to analyze the morphologic changes at different time points following the application of topical products.
Source: Skin Research and Technology - February 26, 2013 Category: Dermatology Authors: Manfredini Marco, Mazzaglia Giovanna, Ciardo Silvana, Simonazzi Silvia, Farnetani Francesca, Longo Caterina, Pellacani Giovanni Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Selenoprotein K is required for palmitoylation of CD36 in macrophages: implications in foam cell formation and atherogenesis.
Abstract Selk is an ER transmembrane protein important for calcium flux and macrophage activation, but its role in foam cell formation and atherosclerosis has not been evaluated. BMDMs from Selk(-/-) mice exhibited decreased uptake of modLDL and foam cell formation compared with WT controls, and the differences were eliminated with anti-CD36 blocking antibody. CD36 expression was decreased in TNF-α-stimulated Selk(-/-) BMDMs compared with WT controls. Fluorescence microscopy revealed TNF-α-induced clustering of CD36 in WT BMDMs indicative of lipid raft localization, which was absent in Selk(-/-) BMDMs. Fractionat...
Source: Journal of Leukocyte Biology - February 26, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Meiler S, Baumer Y, Huang Z, Hoffmann FW, Fredericks GJ, Rose AH, Norton RL, Hoffmann PR, Boisvert WA Tags: J Leukoc Biol Source Type: research

L-arginine enhances cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis in human endometrial RL95-2 cells
Conclusions: In summary, L-arginine added to the culture media at physiological (200 micromol/L) and supraphysiological concentrations (800 micromol/L) enhanced endometrial RL95-2 cell proliferation through mechanisms mediated by NO and polyamine biosynthesis. In addition, L-arginine reduced endometrial RL95-2 mitochondrial mediated apoptosis through increased phosphorylation of BAD protein.
Source: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology - February 26, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Jonathan GreeneJean FeugangKathryn PfeifferJohn StokesSusan BowersPeter Ryan Source Type: research

Issue Information
Source: Addiction Biology - February 26, 2013 Category: Addiction Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders represent an interconnected molecular system
& C Claudianos
Source: Molecular Psychiatry - February 26, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: A S CristinoS M WilliamsZ HawiJ-Y AnM A BellgroveC E SchwartzL da F CostaC Claudianos Tags: neurodevelopmental disorder neuropsychiatric disorder mental health disorder gene networks systems biology Source Type: research