Biomedical Science This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

• Default
• Directory
• Discussions
• Top 20

Pages: 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  

Staging Neuropsychiatric DisordersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Implications for Etiopathogenesis and TreatmentBook chapters are authored by participants in the International Meeting on Staging Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Implications for Etiopathogenesis and Treatment, held in Mojácar (Almería) Spain from 14-18 October 2009. Chapters are organized into four sections on themes encompassed by Staging Neuropsychiatric Disorders: 1) Clinical Staging in the Pathophysiology of Psychotic and Affective ... (Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Neurosciences Source Type: news

NPs — heart hormones that regulate brown fat?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is well characterized as being under the control of the sympathetic nervous system. The energy-burning capacity of BAT makes it an attractive target for anti-obesity therapies. However, previous attempts to manipulate BAT’s sympathetic activation have lacked specificity. In this issue of the JCI, Bordicchia et al. provide new data indicating that cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) are also able to activate thermogenic machinery in adipose tissue. Their findings suggest a novel strategy to increase energy dissipation in adipose tissue, independent of adrenergic receptors. ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Andrew J. Whittle, Antonio Vidal-Puig Source Type: research

Unraveling the mystery of the hygiene hypothesis through Helicobacter pylori infectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Epidemiological studies have revealed an inverse association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the incidence of allergic asthma. This association is consistent with the hygiene hypothesis, which posits that exposure to microbes early in life prevents the later development of allergic diseases, and has been reproduced in mouse models of asthma. In this issue of the JCI, Oertli and colleagues report that H. pylori infection in neonates elicits tolerogenic DCs that produce IL-18, which drive the generation of Tregs that subsequently protect the mice from allergic asthma. This finding strengthens the intriguing link be...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kouji Matsushima, Shigenori Nagai Source Type: research

DC-derived IL-18 drives Treg differentiation, murine Helicobacter pylori-specific immune tolerance, and asthma protectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Persistent colonization with the gastric bacterial pathogen Helicobacter pylori causes gastritis and predisposes infected individuals to gastric cancer. Conversely, it is also linked to protection from allergic, chronic inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. We demonstrate here that H. pylori inhibits LPS-induced maturation of DCs and reprograms DCs toward a tolerance-promoting phenotype. Our results showed that DCs exposed to H. pylori in vitro or in vivo failed to induce T cell effector functions. Instead, they efficiently induced expression of the forkhead transcription factor FoxP3, the master regulator of Tregs, in na...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mathias Oertli, Malin Sundquist, Iris Hitzler, Daniela B. Engler, Isabelle C. Arnold, Sebastian Reuter, Joachim Maxeiner, Malin Hansson, Christian Taube, Marianne Quiding-Järbrink, Anne Müller Source Type: research

DYRK2 priming phosphorylation of c-Jun and c-Myc modulates cell cycle progression in human cancer cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dysregulation of the G1/S transition in the cell cycle contributes to tumor development. The oncogenic transcription factors c-Jun and c-Myc are indispensable regulators at this transition, and their aberrant expression is associated with many malignancies. Degradation of c-Jun/c-Myc is a critical process for the G1/S transition, which is initiated upon phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK3β). However, a specific kinase or kinases responsible for priming phosphorylation events that precede this GSK3β modification has not been definitively identified. Here, we found that the dual-spec...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Naoe Taira, Rei Mimoto, Morito Kurata, Tomoko Yamaguchi, Masanobu Kitagawa, Yoshio Miki, Kiyotsugu Yoshida Source Type: research

ChIP sequencing of cyclin D1 reveals a transcriptional role in chromosomal instability in miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Chromosomal instability (CIN) in tumors is characterized by chromosomal abnormalities and an altered gene expression signature; however, the mechanism of CIN is poorly understood. CCND1 (which encodes cyclin D1) is overexpressed in human malignancies and has been shown to play a direct role in transcriptional regulation. Here, we used genome-wide ChIP sequencing and found that the DNA-bound form of cyclin D1 occupied the regulatory region of genes governing chromosomal integrity and mitochondrial biogenesis. Adding cyclin D1 back to Ccnd1–/– mouse embryonic fibroblasts resulted in CIN gene regulatory region...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mathew C. Casimiro, Marco Crosariol, Emanuele Loro, Adam Ertel, Zuoren Yu, William Dampier, Elizabeth A. Saria, Alex Papanikolaou, Timothy J. Stanek, Zhiping Li, Chenguang Wang, Paolo Fortina, Sankar Addya, Aydin Tozeren, Erik S. Knudsen, Andrew Arnold, R Source Type: research

Cardiac natriuretic peptides act via p38 MAPK to induce the brown fat thermogenic program in mouse and human adipocytesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The ability of mammals to resist body fat accumulation is linked to their ability to expand the number and activity of “brown adipocytes” within white fat depots. Activation of β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) can induce a functional “brown-like” adipocyte phenotype. As cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) and β-AR agonists are similarly potent at stimulating lipolysis in human adipocytes, we investigated whether NPs could induce human and mouse adipocytes to acquire brown adipocyte features, including a capacity for thermogenic energy expenditure mediated by uncoupling p...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Marica Bordicchia, Dianxin Liu, Ez-Zoubir Amri, Gerard Ailhaud, Paolo Dessì-Fulgheri, Chaoying Zhang, Nobuyuki Takahashi, Riccardo Sarzani, Sheila Collins Source Type: research

Anti-ganglioside antibody internalization attenuates motor nerve terminal injury in a mouse model of acute motor axonal neuropathyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the Guillain-Barré syndrome subform acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), Campylobacter jejuni enteritis triggers the production of anti-ganglioside Abs (AGAbs), leading to immune-mediated injury of distal motor nerves. An important question has been whether injury to the presynaptic neuron at the neuromuscular junction is a major factor in AMAN. Although disease modeling in mice exposed to AGAbs indicates that complement-mediated necrosis occurs extensively in the presynaptic axons, evidence in humans is more limited, in comparison to the extensive injury seen at nodes of Ranvier. We considered that rapid AGAb ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Simon N. Fewou, Angie Rupp, Lauren E. Nickolay, Kathryn Carrick, Kay N. Greenshields, John Pediani, Jaap J. Plomp, Hugh J. Willison Source Type: research

Essential role of gastric gland mucin in preventing gastric cancer in miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Gastric gland mucin secreted from the lower portion of the gastric mucosa contains unique O-linked oligosaccharides (O-glycans) having terminal α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine residues (αGlcNAc). Previously, we identified human α1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (α4GnT), which is responsible for the O-glycan biosynthesis and characterized αGlcNAc function in suppressing Helicobacter pylori in vitro. In the present study, we engineered A4gnt–/– mice to better understand its role in vivo. A4gnt–/– mice showed complete lack of αGlcNAc expression...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fumitoshi Karasawa, Akira Shiota, Yukinobu Goso, Motohiro Kobayashi, Yoshiko Sato, Junya Masumoto, Maiko Fujiwara, Shuichi Yokosawa, Takashi Muraki, Shinichi Miyagawa, Masatsugu Ueda, Michiko N. Fukuda, Minoru Fukuda, Kazuhiko Ishihara, Jun Nakayama Source Type: research

Developing strategic thinkers who can apply economic know-how to business today, is the focus of new Master’s programmeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
New MSc in Economics and Strategy for Business launched at Imperial College Business School (Source: Imperial College News)
Source: Imperial College News - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: news

Restoration of adipose function in obese, glucose-tolerant men following pioglitazone treatment is associated with CCAAT enhancer-binding protein {beta} upregulationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Obese adipose tissue (AT) exhibits increased macrophage number. Pro-inflammatory CD16+ peripheral monocyte numbers are also reported to increase with obesity. The current study was undertaken to simultaneously investigate obesity-associated changes in CD16+ monocytes and adipose tissue macrophages (ATM). In addition, a pilot randomised placebo controlled trial using the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists, pioglitazone and fenofibrate was performed to determine their effects on CD14+/CD16+ monocytes, ATM and cardiometabolic and adipose dysfunction indices. Obese glucose-to...
Source: Clinical Science - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: L Powell, P Crowe, C Kankara, J McPeake, D McCance, I S Young, E R. Trimble, A McGinty Source Type: research

Cancer dynamics for identical twin brothersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this paper, a new mathematical model is developed to represent the interaction between healthy and cancer cells in the human body, focusing on the role of environmental factors and quality of life in the progression of cancer. We have investigated the dynamic effects of inputs on cancer growth, and provide an explanation of how cancer has variable behavior patterns throughout the lives of different patients. The behavior of the system with input and its trajectory patterns are investigated using trajectory patterns and stability analysis. The analysis suggests that a proper treatment method should change the dynamics of...
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ali GhaffariMostafa Khazaee Source Type: research

Dysmorphometrics: the modelling of morphological abnormalitiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The results clearly illustrate the unique power to reveal unusual form differences given only normative data with clear applications in both biomedical practice and research. (Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling)
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - February 6, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Peter ClaesKatleen DanielsMark WaltersJohn ClementDirk VandermeulenPaul Suetens Source Type: research

Sensory PerceptionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mind and MatterSensory perception: mind and matter brings together the neurosciences with psychology and philosophy thereby meeting the demand of an interdisciplinary discourse between those fields of interest in order to understand the many facets of sensory perception and their relation to brain functions and cognition. It gives an interdisciplinary insight into the understanding of neurobiology and ... (Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - February 5, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Neurosciences Source Type: news

Title page/Editorial BoardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

p27Kip1 controls cytokinesis via the regulation of citron kinase activationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
p27Kip1 (p27) acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cyclin–cyclin-dependent kinase (cyclin-CDK) activity. However, mice expressing a form of p27 that is unable to bind or inhibit cyclin-CDK complexes (p27CK–) have increased incidence of tumor development as compared with wild-type and p27–/– mice, revealing an oncogenic role for p27. Here, we identified a phenotype of multinucleation and polyploidy in p27CK– mice not present in p27–/– animals, suggesting a role for p27 in G2/M that is independent of cyclin-CDK regulation. Further analysis revealed that p27CKȁ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Murielle P. Serres, Uta Kossatz, Yong Chi, James M. Roberts, Nisar P. Malek, Arnaud Besson Source Type: research

PPAR{gamma} agonists enhance ET-743-induced adipogenic differentiation in a transgenic mouse model of myxoid round cell liposarcomaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Myxoid round cell liposarcoma (MRCLS) is a common liposarcoma subtype characterized by a translocation that results in the fusion protein TLS:CHOP as well as by mixed adipocytic histopathology. Both the etiology of MRCLS and the mechanism of action of TLS:CHOP remain poorly understood. It was previously shown that ET-743, an antitumor compound with an unclear mechanism of action, is highly effective in patients with MRCLS. To identify the cellular origin of MRCLS, we engineered a mouse model in which TLS:CHOP was expressed under the control of a mesodermally restricted promoter (Prx1) in a p53-depleted background. This mod...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Elizabeth Charytonowicz, Melissa Terry, Katherine Coakley, Leonid Telis, Fabrizio Remotti, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Robert N. Taub, Igor Matushansky Source Type: research

Direct and efficient cellular transformation of primary rat mesenchymal precursor cells by KSHVEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Infections by viruses are associated with approximately 12% of human cancer. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is causally linked to several malignancies commonly found in AIDS patients. The mechanism of KSHV-induced oncogenesis remains elusive, due in part to the lack of an adequate experimental system for cellular transformation of primary cells. Here, we report efficient infection and cellular transformation of primary rat embryonic metanephric mesenchymal precursor cells (MM cells) by KSHV. Cellular transformation occurred at as early as day 4 after infection and in nearly all infected cells. Trans...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tiffany Jones, Fengchun Ye, Roble Bedolla, Yufei Huang, Jia Meng, Liwu Qian, Hongyi Pan, Fuchun Zhou, Rosalie Moody, Brent Wagner, Mazen Arar, Shou-Jiang Gao Source Type: research

Heparan sulfate sulfatase SULF2 regulates PDGFR{alpha} signaling and growth in human and mouse malignant gliomaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we demonstrated that the extracellular sulfatase, SULF2, an enzyme that regulates multiple HSPG-dependent RTK signaling pathways, was expressed in primary human GBM tumors and cell lines. Knockdown of SULF2 in human GBM cell lines and generation of gliomas from Sulf2–/– tumorigenic neurospheres resulted in decreased growth in vivo in mice. We found a striking SULF2 dependence in activity of PDGFRα, a major signaling pathway in GBM. Ablation of SULF2 resulted in decreased PDGFRα phosphorylation and decreased downstream MAPK signaling activity. Interestingly, in a survey of SULF...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Joanna J. Phillips, Emmanuelle Huillard, Aaron E. Robinson, Anna Ward, David H. Lum, Mei-Yin Polley, Steven D. Rosen, David H. Rowitch, Zena Werb Source Type: research

Matrix architecture defines the preferential localization and migration of T cells into the stroma of human lung tumorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Appropriate localization and migration of T cells is a prerequisite for antitumor immune surveillance. Studies using fixed tumor samples from human patients have shown that T cells accumulate more efficiently in the stroma than in tumor islets, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. By combining immunostaining and real-time imaging in viable slices of human lung tumors, we revealed that the density and the orientation of the stromal extracellular matrix likely play key roles in controlling the migration of T cells. Active T cell motility, dependent on chemokines but not on β1 or β2 integrins, ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Hélène Salmon, Katarzyna Franciszkiewicz, Diane Damotte, Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean, Pierre Validire, Alain Trautmann, Fathia Mami-Chouaib, Emmanuel Donnadieu Source Type: research

Metal artefact reduction in gemstone spectral imaging dual-energy CT with and without metal artefact reduction softwareEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion  Dual-energy CT with GSI-MARs can reduce metal-related artefacts and improve the delineation of the prosthesis and periprosthetic region. We should be cautious when using GSI-MARs because the image quality was affected by the prosthesis composition, energy (in keV) and DFOV. The metallic composition and size should be considered in metallic imaging with GSI-MARs reconstruction. Key Points   • Metal-related artefacts can be troublesome on musculoskeletal computed tomography (CT). • Gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) with dual-energy CT (DECT) offers a novel solution ...
Source: European Radiology - February 3, 2012 Category: Radiology Tags: European Radiology Source Type: research

Expression and distribution of creatine transporter and creatine kinase (brain isoform) in developing and mature rat cochlear tissuesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study postulates that this CRT is developmentally regulated in the rat cochlea. CRT expression was measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in the postnatal (P0–P14) and adult (P22–P56) rat cochlea. The maximum CRT expression was reached at the onset of hearing (P12), and this level was maintained through to adulthood. CRT immunoreactivity was strongest in the sensory inner hair cells, supporting cells and the spiral ganglion neurons. Cochlear distribution of the CK brain isoform (CKB) was also assessed by immunohistochemistry and compared with the distribution of CRT in the developi...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: research

A pseudokinase debut at the mycobacterial cell wall.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, has a complex cellular envelope that comprises both the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer cell wall. Despite advances in elucidating the structural and biochemical composition of these features, the processes that ensure cell wall homeostasis remain poorly understood. New findings implicate the essential mycobacterial serine-threonine protein kinase (STPK), PknB, in regulating the formation of a regulatory complex that includes the integral membrane protein MviN, which is required for peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and a forkhead-associated (FH...
Source: Science Signaling - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Warner DF, Mizrahi V Tags: Sci Signal Source Type: research

Depletion of extracellular Ca2+ prompts astroglia to moderate synaptic network activity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Over the past decade, rapid signal exchange between astroglia and neurons across the interstitial space emerged as an essential element of synaptic circuit functioning in the brain. How and where exactly this exchange occurs in various physiological scenarios and the underlying cellular cascades remain a subject of intense study. The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid are thought to be the primary signal carriers that are regularly dispatched by active synapses to engage target receptors and transporters on the surface of astrocytes. New evidence ...
Source: Science Signaling - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rusakov DA Tags: Sci Signal Source Type: research

A phosphorylated pseudokinase complex controls cell wall synthesis in mycobacteria.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Prokaryotic cell wall biosynthesis is coordinated with cell growth and division, but the mechanisms regulating this dynamic process remain obscure. Here, we describe a phosphorylation-dependent regulatory complex that controls peptidoglycan (PG) biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We found that PknB, a PG-responsive Ser-Thr protein kinase (STPK), initiates complex assembly by phosphorylating a kinase-like domain in the essential PG biosynthetic protein, MviN. This domain was structurally diverged from active kinases and did not mediate phosphotransfer. Threonine phosphorylation of the pseudokinase ...
Source: Science Signaling - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Gee CL, Papavinasasundaram KG, Blair SR, Baer CE, Falick AM, King DS, Griffin JE, Venghatakrishnan H, Zukauskas A, Wei JR, Dhiman RK, Crick DC, Rubin EJ, Sassetti CM, Alber T Tags: Sci Signal Source Type: research

Extracellular Ca2+ acts as a mediator of communication from neurons to glia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Defining the pathways through which neurons and astrocytes communicate may contribute to the elucidation of higher central nervous system functions. We investigated the possibility that decreases in extracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca(2+)](e)) that occur during synaptic transmission might mediate signaling from neurons to glia. Using noninvasive photolysis of the photolabile Ca(2+) buffer diazo-2 {N-[2-[2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]-5-(diazoacetyl)phenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methylphenyl]-N-(carboxymethyl)-, tetrapotassium salt} to reduce [Ca(2+)](e) or caged glutamate to simulate glutamatergic transmissio...
Source: Science Signaling - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Torres A, Wang F, Xu Q, Fujita T, Dobrowolski R, Willecke K, Takano T, Nedergaard M Tags: Sci Signal Source Type: research

Myosin I Links PIP3 Signaling to Remodeling of the Actin Cytoskeleton in Chemotaxis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Class I myosins participate in various interactions between the cell membrane and the cytoskeleton. Several class I myosins preferentially bind to acidic phospholipids, such as phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P(2)], through a tail homology 1 (TH1) domain. Here, we show that the second messenger lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP(3)) binds to the TH1 domain of a subset of Dictyostelium class I myosins (ID, IE, and IF) and recruits them to the plasma membrane. The PIP(3)-regulated membrane recruitment of myosin I promoted chemotaxis and induced chemoattra...
Source: Science Signaling - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chen CL, Wang Y, Sesaki H, Iijima M Tags: Sci Signal Source Type: research

PAS Kinase Promotes Cell Survival and Growth Through Activation of Rho1.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, phosphorylation of Ugp1 by either of the yeast PASK family protein kinases (yPASK), Psk1 or Psk2, directs this metabolic enzyme to deliver glucose to the periphery for synthesis of the cell wall. However, we isolated PSK1 and PSK2 in a high-copy suppressor screen of a temperature-sensitive mutant of target of rapamycin 2 (TOR2). Posttranslational activation of yPASK, either by cell integrity stress or by growth on nonfermentative carbon sources, also suppressed the growth defect resulting from tor2 mutation. Although suppression of the tor2 mutant growth phenotype by activation...
Source: Science Signaling - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Cardon CM, Beck T, Hall MN, Rutter J Tags: Sci Signal Source Type: research

Black holes: Giving life as well as dealing deathEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Astrophysicists have identified a black hole that appears to be helping new stars to form amongst its encircling gas clouds - News (Source: Imperial College News)
Source: Imperial College News - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: news

Surface of Mars an unlikely place for life after 600 million year drought, sayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
New study suggests super-drought made it too hostile for any life survive on the Mars' surface - News Release (Source: Imperial College News)
Source: Imperial College News - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: news

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin: an immune cytokine gene associated with the metabolic syndrome and blood pressure in severe obesityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A previous expression profiling of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) revealed that the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) gene was less expressed in severely obese men with (n=7) vs. without (n=7) the metabolic syndrome (MS). We hypothesized that TSLP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with TSLP gene expression in VAT and with MS phenotypes. Following validation of lower TSLP expression (p=0.003) in VAT of severely obese men and women with (n=70) vs. without (n=60) MS, a detailed genetic investigation was performed at the TSLP locus by sequencing its promoter, exons and intron-exon splicing boundaries using...
Source: Clinical Science - February 3, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: V Turcot, L Bouchard, G Faucher, V Garneau, A Tchernof, Y Deshaies, L Pérusse, S Marceau, S Biron, O Lescelleur, L Biertho, M Vohl Source Type: research

Reorganization of Cajal bodies and nucleolar targeting of coilin in motor neurons of type I spinal muscular atrophyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we have analyzed the nuclear reorganization of Cajal bodies, PML bodies and nucleoli in type I SMA motor neurons with homozygous deletion of exons 7 and 8 of the SMN1 gene. Western blot analysis revealed a marked reduction of SMN levels compared to the control sample. Using a neuronal dissociation procedure to perform a careful immunocytochemical and quantitative analysis of nuclear bodies, we demonstrated a severe decrease in the mean number of Cajal bodies per neuron and in the proportion of motor neurons containing these structures in type I SMA. Moreover, most Cajal bodies fail to recruit SMN and sp...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: research

Binding of Escherichia coli to Functionalized Gold NanoparticlesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  The molecular basis of the diversity of fimbrial lectins dictates the extent of adhesion in different types of Escherichia coli strains to mammalian cells. The mechanism of receptor binding by E. coli in eukaryotic cells differs based on the adhesin domains, patterns in the macromolecular structure and the ligand-binding groove. Current sensor technologies utilize biosensors that are based on the carbohydrate moieties that are involved in pathogen adhesion to host cells. Nanoparticles have been extensively used as carriers for pathogen detection. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) of 200 nm size were f...
Source: Plasmonics - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Plasmonics Source Type: research

Increased serum soluble CD147 levels in patients with systemic sclerosis: association with scleroderma renal crisisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aimed to determine serum soluble CD147 (sCD147) levels and their clinical associations in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Serum sCD147 levels were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 61 SSc patients and 24 healthy individuals. Serum sCD147 levels were significantly elevated in SSc patients compared with healthy individuals (P < 0.001). Among patients with SSc, there were no differences in serum sCD147 levels between limited cutaneous (n = 30) and diffuse cutaneous SSc (n = 31). Patients with SSc who had elevated sCD147 levels had renal crisis more often than those with norm...
Source: Clinical Rheumatology - February 2, 2012 Category: Rheumatology Tags: Clinical Rheumatology Source Type: research

Single-mRNA counting using fluorescent in situ hybridization in budding yeastEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Robert H Singer Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) allows the quantification of single mRNAs in budding yeast using fluorescently labeled single-stranded DNA probes, a wide-field epifluorescence microscope and a spot-detection algorithm. Fixed yeast cells are attached to coverslips and hybridized with a mixture of FISH probes, each (Source: Nature Protocols)
Source: Nature Protocols - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tatjana TrcekJeffrey A ChaoDaniel R LarsonHye Yoon ParkDaniel ZenklusenShailesh M ShenoyRobert H Singer Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

Improved biocytin labeling and neuronal 3D reconstructionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report, we describe a reliable protocol for biocytin labeling of neuronal tissue and diaminobenzidine (DAB)-based processing of brain slices. We describe how to embed tissues in different media and how to subsequently histochemically label the tissues for light or electron microscopic examination. We (Source: Nature Protocols)
Source: Nature Protocols - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Manuel MarxRobert H GünterWerner HuckoGabriele RadnikowDirk Feldmeyer Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

A pipeline for the generation of shRNA transgenic miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
non & Scott W Lowe RNA interference (RNAi) is an extremely effective tool for studying gene function in almost all metazoan and eukaryotic model systems. RNAi in mice, through the expression of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), offers something not easily achieved with traditional genetic approaches—inducible and reversible gene silencing. However, (Source: Nature Protocols)
Source: Nature Protocols - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lukas E DowPrem K PremsrirutJohannes ZuberChristof FellmannKatherine McJunkinCornelius MiethingYoungkyu ParkRoss A DickinsGregory J HannonScott W Lowe Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

Expression of high-affinity human antibody fragments in bacteriaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article provides an overview of expression and purification (Source: Nature Protocols)
Source: Nature Protocols - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Romain RouetDavid LoweKip DudgeonBrendan RoomePeter SchofieldDavid LangleyJohn AndrewsPeter WhitfeldLutz JermutusDaniel Christ Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

Mathematical modeling of solid cancer growth with angiogenesisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Cancer can be settled in an organ if the following combination matches: better fitness of cancercells, decrease in the effciency of the repairing systems, increase in the capacity of sprouting from existingvascularization, and higher capacity of mounting up new vascularization. However, we show that cancer is rarelyinduced in organs (or tissues) displaying an efficient (numerically and functionally) reparative or regenerativemechanism. (Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling)
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Hyun Yang Source Type: research

A molecular diffusion based utility model for Drosophila larval phototaxisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our model provides new insights into decision making mechanisms in general. From an engineering viewpoint, we propose that the model could be applied to a wider range of decision making practices. (Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling)
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhejun GongZhefeng Gong Source Type: research

Review of HPLC methods and HPLC methods with mass spectrometric detection for direct determination of aspirin with its metabolite(s) in various biological matrices.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Aspirin, the most widely used drug in the world, has been known to mankind for over a century. It is not only the pharmacologically active entity, but is also biotransformed into a major metabolite, i.e. salicylic acid, which also exhibits similar pharmacologic/pharmacodynamic properties. Hence it is necessary to quantitate aspirin along with its metabolite(s) in various biological matrices accurately and precisely to correlate with pharmacological/pharmacodynamic activity. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of various bioanalytical methods (HPLC and LC-MS/MS) that have been reported for direct q...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mullangi R, Sharma K, Srinivas NR Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: research

Comprehensive chemical profiling of Guizhi Fuling capsule by the combined use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with a deconvolution software and rapid-resolution liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, an analytical strategy combining two approaches was established for comprehensive analysis of herbal formulations. Guizhi Fuling capsule (GFC), a drug approved by the FDA to enter phase II clinical trial for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea, was taken as a case for analysis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with automated mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS) led to rapid identification of 48 volatile components including four acetophenones, three fatty acid esters, 13 phenylpropanoids and 19 sesquiterpenes. Most of them were found from Guizhi. The volatile oils of Guizhi...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - February 2, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wang YQ, Qi LW, Aa J, Wang GJ, Gao W, Cheng SJ, Wang ZZ, Xiao W, Li P Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: research

Smart-e-Pants aim to eliminate bed soresEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Gem Hebert is not shy about bearing her backside for medical science. She's one of about two dozen Alberta patients helping test a new technology called Smart-e-Pants, a custom electric underwear aiming to prevent bed sores. (Source: CTV Health)
Source: CTV Health - February 1, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Histone deacetylases 2 and 9 are coexpressed and nuclear localized in human molar odontoblasts in vivoEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are components of nuclear multiprotein complexes that deacetylate histones and perform important roles in repression of transcription. Using specific rabbit mAbs, we analyzed by immunohistochemistry and confocal immunofluorescence analysis the expression and subcellular localization of HDAC1–4 and HDAC9 in sections of adult human third molars. HDAC2 and HDAC9 were expressed in some pulpal cells and strongly expressed in the majority of mature odontoblasts. In contrast, only weak expression of HDAC1, HDAC3 and HDAC4 was observed. Confocal immunofluorescence analysis tog...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - February 1, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: research

Children test the air for pollutants in Brighton science projectEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Imperial scientists gather air pollution data with the help of Brighton school children - News (Source: Imperial College News)
Source: Imperial College News - February 1, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: news

Med Sci Monit 2012; 18(2):PR1-3 "A69S and R38X ARMS2 and Y402H CFH gene polymorphisms as risk factors for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Poland – a brief report"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The etiologic role in ARMD of A69S ARMS2 and Y402H CFH gene variants were confirmed in a Polish population for the first time. R38X variant of ARMS2 seems to be protective from wet ARMD. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
Source: Medical Science Monitor - February 1, 2012 Category: Research Source Type: research

Med Sci Monit 2012; 18(2):PI5-9 "The application of Levulan®-based photodynamic therapy with imiquimod in the treatment of recurrent basal cell carcinoma"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Cure was achieved without any scarring and with very good cosmetic effects. Although this is the preliminary report, the presented modification of PDT seems to be reasonable and promising in treating basal-cell carcinoma. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
Source: Medical Science Monitor - February 1, 2012 Category: Research Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Med Sci Monit 2012; 18(2):PH12-17 "The temporal relationship between RotaTeq immunization and intussusception adverse events in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The present study significantly associates RotaTeq vaccination with intussusception AEs. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
Source: Medical Science Monitor - February 1, 2012 Category: Research Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Med Sci Monit 2012; 18(2):PH6-11 "How well do anthropometric indices correlate with cardiovascular risk factors? A cross-sectional study in Croati"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Results encourage the use of BMI and WtHR as important tools in predicting CV risk in GP’s practice. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
Source: Medical Science Monitor - February 1, 2012 Category: Research Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Med Sci Monit 2012; 18(2):PH1-5 "Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in elderly Japanese-Brazilians"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Elderly Japanese-Brazilians present high metabolic syndrome prevalence independent of waist circumference cutoff values. Concordance between the 3 definitions is high, suggesting that all 3 cutoff values yield similar metabolic syndrome prevalence values in this population. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
Source: Medical Science Monitor - February 1, 2012 Category: Research Source Type: research