Biomedical Science This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory.

Toc
(Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 21, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 21, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Masthead
(Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 21, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

Editorial Board and Publication Information
(Source: Journal of Biomechanics)
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - May 21, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids)
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids - May 21, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

Exenatide and the treatment of patients with Parkinson’s disease
Conclusion. These results demonstrate a potential cost-efficient approach through which preliminary clinical data of possible biological effects are obtainable, prior to undertaking the major investment required for double-blind trials of a potential disease-modifying drug in PD. Trial registration. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01174810. Funding. Cure Parkinson’s Trust. (Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation)
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 21, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Iciar Aviles-Olmos, John Dickson, Zinovia Kefalopoulou, Atbin Djamshidian, Peter Ell, Therese Soderlund, Peter Whitton, Richard Wyse, Tom Isaacs, Andrew Lees, Patricia Limousin, Thomas Foltynie Source Type: research

A new approach to disease-modifying drug trials in Parkinson’s disease
Translating new findings in the laboratory into therapies for patients is a slow and expensive process. The development of therapies for neurodegenerative diseases is further complicated by the difficulty in determining whether the drug truly retards the slow degenerative process or provides only symptomatic benefit. In this issue, Aviles-Olmos et al. describe a first in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patient study using a drug previously approved for diabetes treatment. In addition to suggesting that the drug may indeed be disease modifying in PD, their innovative approach suggests there may be more rapid and inexpensive aven...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 21, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Roger A. Barker, Mark Stacy, Patrik Brundin Source Type: research

Environmental Epigenomics in Health and Disease
Epigenetics and Disease Originsseries:Epigenetics and Human HealthExposure to environmental toxicants is associated with changes in DNA methylation and gene expression profiles that together can contribute to increased disease susceptibility. The chapters in this volume, Environmental Epigenomics in Health and Disease - Epigenetics and Disease Origins, address a wide range of environmental exposures, such as airborne particulates, cocaine, radiation, tobacco ... (Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - May 21, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Human Genetics Source Type: news

Software May Allow Doctors To Track Progression Of Cancer, Response To Treatment, And Risk Of Relapse
In their quest to learn more about the variability of cells between and within tissues, biomedical scientists have devised tools capable of simultaneously measuring dozens of characteristics of individual cells. These technologies have led to new challenges, however, as scientists now struggle with how to make sense of the resulting trove of data. Now a solution may be at hand... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 21, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Lymphoma / Leukemia / Myeloma Source Type: news

Immunology of the Lymphatic System
(Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - May 18, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Immunology Source Type: news

Rockefeller hosts British Prime Minister David Cameron
Cameron's May 15 visit to the university, part an effort by the British government to acknowledge the value and investment that U.S. biomedical research has in the UK, also included a tour of President Marc Tessier-Lavigne's neuroscience laboratory and a meeting with Nobel Prize winning neurobiologist Paul Greengard. More » (Source: The Rockefeller University Newswire)
Source: The Rockefeller University Newswire - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: pubaff Tags: Campus News Source Type: news

Changes in microRNAs associated with podocytic adhesion damage under mechanical stress
Conclusion: These results provide a novel idea that miR-124 might play an important role in podocytic adhesion damage under mechanical stress. (Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS)
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Li, D., Lu, Z., Jia, J., Zheng, Z., Lin, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Comparison between the effect of glibenclamide and captopril on experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy in rats
Conclusion: Glibenclamide attenuated some biochemical and histological changes produced by diabetic nephropathy, despite persistent hyperglycemia and hypertension. (Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS)
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Akbar, D. H., Hagras, M. M., Amin, H. A., Khorshid, O. A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Neuropathic pain-attenuating potential of aliskiren in chronic constriction injury model in rats
The present study was designed to investigate the potential of aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Neuropathic pain was induced by placing four loose ligatures around the sciatic nerve. Acetone drop, von Frey hair, pin-prick and hot plate tests were performed to assess cold allodynia, mechanical allodynia, mechanical and heat hyperalgesia, respectively. The levels of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured in the sciatic nerve as an inflammatory marker. CCI was associated with the development of cold allodynia, mechanical allodynia, mec...
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kukkar, A., Singh, N., Jaggi, A. S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Attenuating effect of lisinopril and telmisartan in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced experimental dementia of Alzheimer's disease type: possible involvement of PPAR-{gamma} agonistic property
This study investigates the beneficial role of lisinopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and telmisartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), in intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) streptozotocin (STZ) induced dementia of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) type in mice. This study also aimed to explore the role of PPAR- in lisinopril and telmisartan mediated effects in i.c.v. STZ mice. Donepezil served as the positive control in the study. Mice underwent i.c.v. injection of STZ. The Morris water maze (MWM) test was employed for assessment of learning and memory. Various biochemical estimations, namely brain...
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Singh, B., Sharma, B., Jaggi, A. S., Singh, N. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Antenatal maternal protein deprivation: sexually dimorphic programming of the pancreatic renin-angiotensin system
As an underlying mechanism of antenatal maternal malnutrition-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), alterations in the local pancreatic renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may play a significant role. We tested the hypothesis that antenatal maternal protein deprivation (AMPD) leads to increased activity of the local pancreatic RAS, with associated hyperglycemia in the adult progeny. Mice dams were fed either control or 50% protein restricted diet (AMPD) starting one week before conception and maintained during complete gestation. Our results demonstrate low birth weight (control 1.5 ± 0.03 and AMPD 1.3 ± 0.03) ...
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Goyal, R., Wong, C., Van Wickle, J., Longo, L. D. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Nebivolol treatment improves resistant arterial function and reduces ventricular hypertrophy and angiotensin II in spontaneously hypertension rats
Conclusion: Nebivolol treatment improved resistant arterial reactivity and reduced left ventricular hypertrophy and Ang II in SHR. (Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS)
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wang, Y., Zhang, M. S., Liu, Y. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Effect of body mass index on the location of the right adrenal vein in patients with primary aldosteronism
Conclusion: Our data suggested that the location of the orifice of right adrenal vein was largely related to body mass index in patients with primary aldosteronism. (Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS)
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Iwasaki, T., Kurisu, S., Mitsuba, N., Ishibashi, K., Dohi, Y., Nishioka, K., Kihara, Y. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Levels of NT-proBNP, markers of low-grade inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction during spironolactone treatment in patients with diabetic kidney disease
Discussions: Our results indicate that the renoprotective effect of spironolactone when added to RAAS blockade is not mediated through anti-inflammatory pathways since markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are not affected during treatment. (Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS)
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nielsen, S. E., Schjoedt, K. J., Rossing, K., Persson, F., Schalkwijk, C. G., Stehouwer, C. D., Parving, H.-H., Rossing, P. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Delayed diagnosis of primary aldosteronism in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseases
Hypertension is a frequent early manifestation of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Several mechanisms can cause hypertension in ADPKD patients, although, primary aldosteronism (PA) as a possible manifestation of hypertension in ADPKD is extremely rare. We retrospectively reviewed the Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation (TAIPAI) database, which listed a total of 346 patients diagnosed with PA. Of these 346 patients, only three cases of concurrent PA and ADPKD were identified. These patients presented with hypertensive crisis and hypokalemia, and subsequent testing revealed aldosterone-producing a...
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kao, C.-C., Wu, V.-C., Kuo, C.-C., Lin, Y.-H., Hu, Y.-H., Tsai, Y.-C., Wu, C.-H., Wu, K.-D., TAIPAI study group Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Preeclampsia and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I/D and angiotensin II type-1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C polymorphisms: association with ACE I/D polymorphism
Conclusions: Our study indicates that lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress are involved in the development of preeclampsia that might be influenced by polymorphism in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genes. (Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS)
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rahimi, Z., Rahimi, Z., Mozafari, H., Parsian, A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Association study of angiotensin II type 1 receptor: A1166C (rs5186) polymorphism with coronary heart disease using systematic meta-analysis
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) mediates the cardiovascular actions of angiotensin II. Growing studies have revealed the underlying association between AT1R-A1166C (rs5186) polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD) among the East Asia population. Results from these studies remain conflicting. We conducted this meta-analysis to estimate the overall CHD risk of AT1R-A1166C polymorphism regarding the East Asia population. We searched the PubMed, Embase and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases for all articles within a range of published years from 1995 to 2011. The odds ratio (OR) corresponding t...
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhang, K., Zhou, B., Zhang, L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

C domain-selective inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
(Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS)
Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ehlers, M. R., Abrie, J. A., Sturrock, E. D. Tags: RAAS Working Group Update Source Type: research

Safe TNF-based antitumor therapy following p55TNFR reduction in intestinal epithelium
TNF has remarkable antitumor activities; however, therapeutic applications have not been possible because of the systemic and lethal proinflammatory effects induced by TNF. Both the antitumor and inflammatory effects of TNF are mediated by the TNF receptor p55 (p55TNFR) (encoded by the Tnfrsf1a gene). The antitumor effect stems from an induction of cell death in tumor endothelium, but the cell type that initiates the lethal inflammatory cascade has been unclear. Using conditional Tnfrsf1a knockout or reactivation mice, we found that the expression level of p55TNFR in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is a crucial determin...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Filip Van Hauwermeiren, Marietta Armaka, Niki Karagianni, Ksanthi Kranidioti, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Sonja Loges, Maarten Van Roy, Jan Staelens, Leen Puimège, Ajay Palagani, Wim Vanden Berghe, Panayiotis Victoratos, Peter Carmeliet, Claude Libert, Source Type: research

Adoptively transferred TRAIL+ T cells suppress GVHD and augment antitumor activity
Current strategies to suppress graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) also compromise graft-versus-tumor (GVT) responses. Furthermore, most experimental strategies to separate GVHD and GVT responses merely spare GVT function without actually enhancing it. We have previously shown that endogenously expressed TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is required for optimal GVT activity against certain malignancies in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). In order to model a donor-derived cellular therapy, we genetically engineered T cells to overexpress TRAIL and adoptively transferred ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Arnab Ghosh, Yildirim Dogan, Maxim Moroz, Amanda M. Holland, Nury L. Yim, Uttam K. Rao, Lauren F. Young, Daniel Tannenbaum, Durva Masih, Enrico Velardi, Jennifer J. Tsai, Robert R. Jenq, Olaf Penack, Alan M. Hanash, Odette M. Smith, Kelly Piersanti, Cecil Source Type: research

Cognate antigen directs CD8+ T cell migration to vascularized transplants
The migration of effector or memory T cells to the graft is a critical event in the rejection of transplanted organs. The prevailing view is that the key steps involved in T cell migration — integrin-mediated firm adhesion followed by transendothelial migration — are dependent on the activation of Gαi-coupled chemokine receptors on T cells. In contrast to this view, we demonstrated in vivo that cognate antigen was necessary for the firm adhesion and transendothelial migration of CD8+ effector T cells specific to graft antigens and that both steps occurred independent of Gαi signaling. Presentation of cognate antigen ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jeffrey M. Walch, Qiang Zeng, Qi Li, Martin H. Oberbarnscheidt, Rosemary A. Hoffman, Amanda L. Williams, David M. Rothstein, Warren D. Shlomchik, Jiyun V. Kim, Geoffrey Camirand, Fadi G. Lakkis Source Type: research

Lamin B1 mediates cell-autonomous neuropathology in a leukodystrophy mouse model
Adult-onset autosomal-dominant leukodystrophy (ADLD) is a progressive and fatal neurological disorder characterized by early autonomic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, pyramidal tract and cerebellar dysfunction, and white matter loss in the central nervous system. ADLD is caused by duplication of the LMNB1 gene, which results in increased lamin B1 transcripts and protein expression. How duplication of LMNB1 leads to myelin defects is unknown. To address this question, we developed a mouse model of ADLD that overexpresses lamin B1. These mice exhibited cognitive impairment and epilepsy, followed by age-dependent motor def...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mary Y. Heng, Shu-Ting Lin, Laure Verret, Yong Huang, Sherry Kamiya, Quasar S. Padiath, Ying Tong, Jorge J. Palop, Eric J. Huang, Louis J. Ptáček, Ying-Hui Fu Source Type: research

PD-L1 blockade synergizes with IL-2 therapy in reinvigorating exhausted T cells
The inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) plays a major role in functional exhaustion of T cells during chronic infections and cancer, and recent clinical data suggest that blockade of the PD-1 pathway is an effective immunotherapy in treating certain cancers. Thus, it is important to define combinatorial approaches that increase the efficacy of PD-1 blockade. To address this issue, we examined the effect of IL-2 and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade in the mouse model of chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. We found that low-dose IL-2 administration alone enhanced CD8+ T cell responses in...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Erin E. West, Hyun-Tak Jin, Ata-Ur Rasheed, Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster, Sang-Jun Ha, Wendy G. Tan, Ben Youngblood, Gordon J. Freeman, Kendall A. Smith, Rafi Ahmed Source Type: research

The genomic landscape of small intestine neuroendocrine tumors
Small intestine neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) are the most common malignancy of the small bowel. Several clinical trials target PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling; however, it is unknown whether these or other genes are genetically altered in these tumors. To address the underlying genetics, we analyzed 48 SI-NETs by massively parallel exome sequencing. We detected an average of 0.1 somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) per 106 nucleotides (range, 0–0.59), mostly transitions (C>T and A>G), which suggests that SI-NETs are stable cancers. 197 protein-altering somatic SNVs affected a preponderance of cancer genes, including FGFR...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Michaela S. Banck, Rahul Kanwar, Amit A. Kulkarni, Ganesh K. Boora, Franziska Metge, Benjamin R. Kipp, Lizhi Zhang, Erik C. Thorland, Kay T. Minn, Ramesh Tentu, Bruce W. Eckloff, Eric D. Wieben, Yanhong Wu, Julie M. Cunningham, David M. Nagorney, Judith A Source Type: research

Specific peripheral B cell tolerance defects in patients with multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a genetically mediated autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. B cells have recently emerged as major contributors to disease pathogenesis, but the mechanisms responsible for the loss of B cell tolerance in patients with MS are largely unknown. In healthy individuals, developing autoreactive B cells are removed from the repertoire at 2 tolerance checkpoints during early B cell development. Both of these central and peripheral B cell tolerance checkpoints are defective in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here, we found that only the peripheral, but not t...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tuure Kinnunen, Nicolas Chamberlain, Henner Morbach, Tineke Cantaert, Megan Lynch, Paula Preston-Hurlburt, Kevan C. Herold, David A. Hafler, Kevin C. O’Connor, Eric Meffre Source Type: research

Transplant rejection and paradigms lost
During transplant rejection, migrating T cells infiltrate the grafted organ, but the signals that direct this migration are incompletely understood. In this issue of the JCI, Walch et al. debunk two classical paradigms concerning transplant rejection, with important consequences for the design of antirejection therapeutics. (Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation)
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Terry B. Strom Source Type: research

Blazing a new TRAIL in hematopoietic cell transplantation
There is a ying/yang to most biological therapies, and the balance of efficacy versus toxicity is delicate and sometimes difficult to achieve in favor of the patients. When the therapeutic window is wide, these therapies can be used in the majority of patients, but when the therapeutic window is narrow, the decision to proceed must be carefully balanced with a thoughtful risk-benefit analysis. In this issue of the JCI, Ghosh et al. tackle one of the major obstacles in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) technology: balancing the beneficial antitumor effect with the harmful anti-host effect. (Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation)
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nelson Chao Source Type: research

Kcentra (Prothrombin Complex Concentrate, Human)
Approval Letter and Product Labeling, Posted: 4/30/2013 (Source: What's New at CBER)
Source: What's New at CBER - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: news

Design, synthesis, and assessment of a de novo affinity adsorbent for the purification of recombinant human erythropoietin
This study demonstrates the potential of Ugi scaffolds to generate affinity adsorbents for the future development of cost‐effective purification protocols for rHuEPO. (Source: Biotechnology and Bioengineering)
Source: Biotechnology and Bioengineering - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Graziella El Khoury, Yian Wang, Di Wang, Shaleem I. Jacob, Christopher R. Lowe Tags: Communication to the Editor Source Type: research

High‐throughput screening for the development of a monoclonal antibody affinity precipitation step using ELP‐z stimuli responsive biopolymers
This study provides a detailed investigation into the performance of a stimuli responsive ELP‐Z based process for monoclonal antibody (mAb) affinity precipitation. A multidimensional high‐throughput screening (HTS) protocol was developed and employed to investigate the effects of a variety of operating conditions on mAb yield and aggregation during the process. Precipitation efficiency of ELP‐Z in the absence of mAb was first determined as a function of temperature and sodium sulfate concentration and conditions producing high yields were identified. HTS was then employed to determine appropriate conditions for the i...
Source: Biotechnology and Bioengineering - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rahul D. Sheth, Bhawna Madan, Wilfred Chen, Steven M. Cramer Tags: Article Source Type: research

Numerical investigation of the effect of cannula placement on thrombosis
Despite the rapid advancement of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), adverse events leading to deaths have been frequently reported in patients implanted with LVADs, including bleeding, infection, thromboembolism, neurological dysfunction and hemolysis.Cannulation forms an important component with regards to thrombus formation in assisted patients by varying the intraventricular flow distribution in the left ventricle (LV). To investigate the correlation between LVAD cannula placement and potential for thrombus formation, detailed analysis of the intraventricular flow field was carried out in the present study using a...
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: ChiWei OngSocrates DokosBeeTing ChanEinly LimAmr Al AbedNoor OsmanSuhaini KadimanNigel Lovell Source Type: research

Using allometric procedures to substantiate the plastochrone method for eelgrass leaf growth assessments
Estimation of leaf productivity in eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) is crucial for evaluating the ecological role of this important seagrass species. Although leaf marking techniques are widely used to obtain estimates of leaf productivity, the accuracy of these assessments, has been questioned mainly because these fail to account for leaf growth bellow the reference mark and also because they apparently disregard the contribution of mature leaf tissues to the growth rate of leaves. On the other hand, the plastochrone method is a simpler technique that has been considered to effectively capture growth in a more realistic way, ...
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Héctor Echavarría-HerasElena Solana-ArellanoCecilia Leal-RamírezOscar Castillo Source Type: research

Exploring haemodynamics of haemodialysis using extrema points analysis model
Conclusion: Haemodialysis patients potentially exhibit an aberrant haemodynamic behaviour characterised by higher extrema frequencies of mean arterial blood pressure and lower extrema frequencies of total peripheral resistance. This, in theory, could lead to higher variation in organ perfusion and may be detrimental to vulnerable vascular beds. (Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling)
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mohamed EldehniAghogho OduduChristopher McIntyre Source Type: research

Measuring mRNA copy number in individual Escherichia coli cells using single-molecule fluorescent in situ hybridization
We present a protocol for measuring the absolute number of mRNA molecules from a gene of interest in individual, chemically fixed Escherichia coli cells. A set of fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probes is hybridized to the target mRNA, such that each mRNA molecule is decorated (Source: Nature Protocols)
Source: Nature Protocols - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Samuel O SkinnerLeonardo A SepúlvedaHeng XuIdo Golding Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

Evaluation of the pathogenesis and treatment of Mycobacterium marinum infection in zebrafish
Nature Protocols 8, 1114 (2013). doi:10.1038/nprot.2013.068 Authors: Kevin Takaki, J Muse Davis, Kathryn Winglee & Lalita Ramakrishnan Mycobacterium marinum–infected zebrafish are used to study tuberculosis pathogenesis, as well as for antitubercular drug discovery. The small size of zebrafish larvae coupled with their optical transparency allows for rapid analysis of bacterial burdens and host survival in response to genetic and pharmacological manipulations (Source: Nature Protocols)
Source: Nature Protocols - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kevin TakakiJ Muse DavisKathryn WingleeLalita Ramakrishnan Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

Creation of recombinant antigen-binding molecules derived from hybridomas secreting specific antibodies
Nature Protocols 8, 1125 (2013). doi:10.1038/nprot.2013.057 Authors: Conor Fields, David O'Connell, Sujing Xiao, Gil U Lee, Philippe Billiald & Julien Muzard This protocol describes the design and development of recombinant monovalent antigen-binding molecules derived from monoclonal antibodies through rapid identification and cloning of the functional variable heavy (VH) and variable light (VL) genes and the design and cloning of a synthetic DNA (Source: Nature Protocols)
Source: Nature Protocols - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Conor FieldsDavid O'ConnellSujing XiaoGil U LeePhilippe BillialdJulien Muzard Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

Commercial Clinical Genetic Sequencing Panels for Evaluating Patients with Familial Disease—Are They Ready for Prime Time?
(Source: Clinical and Translational Science)
Source: Clinical and Translational Science - May 15, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Arthur Feldman Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Training the Translational Research Teams of the Future: UC Davis—HHMI Integrating Medicine into Basic Science Program
Abstract There is a need for successful models of how to recruit, train, and retain bench scientists at the earliest stages of their careers into translational research. One recent, promising model is the University of California Davis Howard Hughes Medical Institute Integrating Medicine into Basic Science (HHMI‐IMBS) program, part of the HHMI Med into Grad initiative. This paper outlines the HHMI‐IMBS program's logic, design, and curriculum that guide the goal of research that moves from bedside to bench. That is, a curriculum that provides graduate students with guided translational training, clinical exposure, team ...
Source: Clinical and Translational Science - May 15, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Anne A. Knowlton, Julie A. Rainwater, Nipavan Chiamvimonvat, Ann C. Bonham, John A. Robbins, Stuart Henderson, Frederick J. Meyers Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Kcentra (Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (Human))
Approval Letter and Product Labeling, Posted: 4/30/2013 (Source: What's New at CBER)
Source: What's New at CBER - May 13, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: news

Computational simulation of the bone remodeling using the finite element method: an elastic-damage theory for small displacements
Conclusion: The results are consistent with the existing literature which shows that the bone stiffness drops in damaged bone structure under mechanical loading. (Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling)
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - May 13, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ahmed IdhammadAbdelmounaïm AbdaliNoureddine Alaa Source Type: research

Endocytosis of synaptic ADAM10 in neuronal plasticity and Alzheimer’s disease
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase that resides in the postsynaptic densities (PSDs) of excitatory synapses, has previously been shown to limit β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) formation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ADAM10 also plays a critical role in regulating functional membrane proteins at the synapse. Using human hippocampal homogenates, we found that ADAM10 removal from the plasma membrane was mediated by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Additionally, we identified the clathrin adaptor AP2 as an interacting partner of a previously uncharacterized atypical bin...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 12, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Elena Marcello, Claudia Saraceno, Stefano Musardo, Hugo Vara, Alerie Guzman de la Fuente, Silvia Pelucchi, Daniele Di Marino, Barbara Borroni, Anna Tramontano, Isabel Pérez-Otaño, Alessandro Padovani, Maurizio Giustetto, Fabrizio Gardoni, Monica Source Type: research

BMPR2 is required for postimplantation uterine function and pregnancy maintenance
In this study, we discovered that bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) is essential for postimplantation physiology and fertility. Despite normal implantation and early placental/fetal development, deletion of Bmpr2 in the uterine deciduae of mice triggered midgestation abnormalities in decidualization that resulted in abnormal vascular development, trophoblast defects, and a deficiency of uterine natural killer cells. Absence of BMPR2 signaling in the uterine decidua consequently suppressed IL-15, VEGF, angiopoietin, and corin signaling. Disruption of these pathways collectively lead to placental abruption, ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 12, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Takashi Nagashima, Qinglei Li, Caterina Clementi, John P. Lydon, Francesco J. DeMayo, Martin M. Matzuk Source Type: research

CXCR4 downregulation of let-7a drives chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia
We examined the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in targeting the stromal-derived factor 1α/CXCR4 (SDF-1α/CXCR4) axis to overcome chemoresistance of AML cells. Microarray analysis of OCI-AML3 cells revealed that the miRNA let-7a was downregulated by SDF-1α–mediated CXCR4 activation and increased by CXCR4 inhibition. Overexpression of let-7a in AML cell lines was associated with decreased c-Myc and BCL-XL protein expression and enhanced chemosensitivity, both in vitro and in vivo. We identified the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) as a link between SDF-1α/CXCR4 signaling and let-7a, as YY1 was ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 12, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ye Chen, Rodrigo Jacamo, Marina Konopleva, Ramiro Garzon, Carlo Croce, Michael Andreeff Source Type: research

Endothelin-2 deficiency causes growth retardation, hypothermia, and emphysema in mice
To explore the physiological functions of endothelin-2 (ET-2), we generated gene-targeted mouse models. Global Et2 knockout mice exhibited severe growth retardation and juvenile lethality. Despite normal milk intake, they suffered from internal starvation characterized by hypoglycemia, ketonemia, and increased levels of starvation-induced genes. Although ET-2 is abundantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, the intestine was morphologically and functionally normal. Moreover, intestinal epithelium–specific Et2 knockout mice showed no abnormalities in growth and survival. Global Et2 knockout mice were also profo...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 12, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Inik Chang, Alexa N. Bramall, Amy Greenstein Baynash, Amir Rattner, Dinesh Rakheja, Martin Post, Stephen Joza, Colin McKerlie, Duncan J. Stewart, Roderick R. McInnes, Masashi Yanagisawa Source Type: research