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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 40.

NMR structure note: solution structure of human Miz-1 zinc fingers 8 to 10.
PMID: 22986688 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Bimolecular NMR - September 18, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Bédard M, Maltais L, Beaulieu ME, Bilodeau J, Bernard D, Lavigne P Tags: J Biomol NMR Source Type: research

Solid-state NMR analysis of membrane proteins and protein aggregates by proton detected spectroscopy.
Abstract Solid-state NMR has emerged as an important tool for structural biology and chemistry, capable of solving atomic-resolution structures for proteins in membrane-bound and aggregated states. Proton detection methods have been recently realized under fast magic-angle spinning conditions, providing large sensitivity enhancements for efficient examination of uniformly labeled proteins. The first and often most challenging step of protein structure determination by NMR is the site-specific resonance assignment. Here we demonstrate resonance assignments based on high-sensitivity proton-detected three-dimensional ...
Source: Journal of Bimolecular NMR - September 18, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhou DH, Nieuwkoop AJ, Berthold DA, Comellas G, Sperling LJ, Tang M, Shah GJ, Brea EJ, Lemkau LR, Rienstra CM Tags: J Biomol NMR Source Type: research

Encapsulated fusion protein confers “sense and respond” activity to chitosan–alginate capsules to manipulate bacterial quorum sensing
Abstract We demonstrate that “nanofactory”‐loaded biopolymer capsules placed in the midst of a bacterial population can direct bacterial communication. Quorum sensing (QS) is a process by which bacteria communicate through small‐molecules, such as autoinducer‐2 (AI‐2), leading to collective behaviors such as virulence and biofilm formation. In our approach, a “nanofactory” construct is created, which comprises an antibody complexed with a fusion protein that produces AI‐2. These nanofactories are entrapped within capsules formed by electrostatic complexation of cationic (chitosan) and anionic (sodium algi...
Source: Biotechnology and Bioengineering - September 18, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Apoorv Gupta, Jessica L. Terrell, Rohan Fernandes, Matthew B. Dowling, Gregory F. Payne, Srinivasa R. Raghavan, William E. Bentley Tags: Article Source Type: research

Functional 3‐D cardiac co‐culture model using bioactive chitosan nanofiber scaffolds
The objective of this study was to fabricate bioactive 3‐D chitosan nanofiber scaffolds using an electrospinning technique and exploring its potential for long‐term cardiac function in the 3‐D co‐culture model. Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide biomaterial that is biocompatible, biodegradable, non‐toxic, and cost effective. Electrospun chitosan was utilized to provide structural scaffolding characterized by scale and architectural resemblance to the extracellular matrix (ECM) in vivo. The chitosan fibers were coated with fibronectin via adsorption in order to enhance cellular adhesion to the fibers and migrati...
Source: Biotechnology and Bioengineering - September 18, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ali Hussain, George Collins, Derek Yip, Cheul H. Cho Tags: Article Source Type: research

Angiotensin-II potentiates alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction in the elderly
Aging is characterized by increased sympathoexcitation, expressed through both the alpha-adrenergic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) pathways. While the independent contribution of these two pathways to elevated vasoconstriction with age may be substantial, significant cross-talk exists that could produce potentiating effects. To examine this interaction, 14 subjects (n = 8 young, n = 6 old) underwent brachial artery catheterization for administration of angiotensin-II (ANG-II) (0.8-25.6 ng/dl/min), norepinephrine (NE) (2.5-80 ng/dl/min) and ANG-II with concomitant alpha-adrenergic antagonism (phentolamine (PHEN), ...
Source: Clinical Science - September 18, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Z Barrett-O'Keefe, M A.H. Witman, J McDaniel, A S. Fjeldstad, J D. Trinity, S J. Ives, J D. Conklin, V Reese, S Runnels, D E. Morgan, M Sander, R S. Richardson, D Wray Source Type: research

Small dense LDL is more susceptible to glycation than more buoyant LDL in type 2 diabetes
In conclusion, greater susceptibility of SD-LDL to glycation is likely to contribute to the raised levels of circulating glycated apoB in diabetes. Statins are associated with lower levels of both SD-LDL and glycated apo B.
Source: Clinical Science - September 18, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: N N Younis, H Soran, P Pemberton, V Charlton-Menys, M M. El-Seweidy, P N Durrington Source Type: research

Early functional and transcriptomic changes in the myocardium predict outcome in a long-term rat model of sepsis
Myocardial function is depressed in sepsis and is an important prognosticator in the human condition. Using echocardiography in a long-term, fluid-resuscitated Wistar rat model of fecal peritonitis we investigated whether depressed myocardial function could be detected at an early stage of sepsis and, if so, whether the degree of depression could predict eventual outcome. At 6 hours’ post-insult, a stroke volume <0.17ml prognosticated 3-day mortality with positive and negative predictive values of 93% and 80%, respectively. Subsequent fluid loading studies demonstrated intrinsic myocardial depression with poor pr...
Source: Clinical Science - September 18, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: A Rudiger, A Dyson, K Felsmann, J E Carré, V Taylor, S Hughes, I Clatworthy, A Protti, D Pellerin, J Lemm, R A Claus, M Bauer, M Singer Source Type: research

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA online: September 17, 2012
siRNA silencing of estrogen receptor-α expression specifically in medial preoptic area neurons abolishes maternal care in female mice Ana C. Ribeiro, Sergei Musatov, Anna Shteyler, Serge Simanduyev, Isabel … More »
Source: The Rockefeller University Newswire - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: pubaff Tags: Research Update Source Type: news

September 14, 2012 Approval Letter - Prevnar 13
Proposed revisions for the How Supplied/Storage and Handling section of the package insert and for the carton. These changes include the new presentation for Prevnar 13® as a single prefilled syringe pack to be used in Pfizer Helpful Answers® as well as in the commercial trade. This approval also includes the proposed typographical corrections to Table 22 of the package insert.
Source: What's New at CBER - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: news

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA online: September 17, 2012
DEC-205 is a cell surface receptor for CpG oligonucleotides Mireille H. Lahoud, Fatma Ahmet, Jian-Guo Zhang, Simone Meuter, Antonia N. Policheni, Susie Kitsoulis, Chin-Nien Lee, Meredith O’Keeffe, Lucy … More »
Source: The Rockefeller University Newswire - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: pubaff Tags: Research Update Source Type: news

September 14, 2012 Approval Letter - Imovax
Revise the label to include adverse reaction data from post-marketing experience in the Adverse Reactions section, additional text to ensure clear and complete instructions in the Dosage and Administration section, a clear statement of indications for vaccination in the Indications and Usage section, and modifications of text throughout the package insert to better align with more current recommendations.
Source: What's New at CBER - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: news

Severe Hyperglycemia Immediately After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation is Predictive of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Abstract Stress hyperglycemia and acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the major early complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), are both associated with excessive release of inflammatory cytokines. We investigated whether new-onset hyperglycemia immediately after HSCT predicts acute GVHD. We studied nondiabetic adult recipients of human leukocyte antigen-matched HSCT (peripheral blood stem cells) for acute leukemia. Using mean morning serum glucose on Days 1–10, we classified hyperglycemia as: mild (6.11–8.33 mmol/L), moderate (8.34–9.98), and severe (minimum of 9.99...
Source: Inflammation - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Inflammation Source Type: research

Comparison of Gold and Silver/Gold Bimetallic Surface for Highly Sensitive Near-infrared SPR Sensor at 1550 nm
Abstract A large majority of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors reported in the literature are designed to operate in the visible electromagnetic spectrum. However, the near-infrared, particularly at the telecommunications wavelength of 1550 nm, is also especially attractive for SPR sensing applications. In fact, SPR sensors operating in this region benefit from narrower resonance and deeper field penetration. In this paper, we report a theoretical and experimental study of an SPR sensor operating at a fixed wavelength of 1550 nm. The influence of the choice of metals and the interrogation met...
Source: Plasmonics - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Plasmonics Source Type: research

MicroRNAs contribute to compensatory {beta} cell expansion during pregnancy and obesity
Pregnancy and obesity are frequently associated with diminished insulin sensitivity, which is normally compensated for by an expansion of the functional β cell mass that prevents chronic hyperglycemia and development of diabetes mellitus. The molecular basis underlying compensatory β cell mass expansion is largely unknown. We found in rodents that β cell mass expansion during pregnancy and obesity is associated with changes in the expression of several islet microRNAs, including miR-338-3p. In isolated pancreatic islets, we recapitulated the decreased miR-338-3p level observed in gestation and obesi...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Cécile Jacovetti, Amar Abderrahmani, Géraldine Parnaud, Jean-Christophe Jonas, Marie-Line Peyot, Marion Cornu, Ross Laybutt, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Sophie Rome, Bernard Thorens, Marc Prentki, Domenico Bosco, Romano Regazzi Source Type: research

NR4A nuclear receptors support memory enhancement by histone deacetylase inhibitors
The formation of a long-lasting memory requires a transcription-dependent consolidation period that converts a short-term memory into a long-term memory. Nuclear receptors compose a class of transcription factors that regulate diverse biological processes, and several nuclear receptors have been implicated in memory formation. Here, we examined the potential contribution of nuclear receptors to memory consolidation by measuring the expression of all 49 murine nuclear receptors after learning. We identified 13 nuclear receptors with increased expression after learning, including all 3 members of the Nr4a subfamily. These CR...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Joshua D. Hawk, Angie L. Bookout, Shane G. Poplawski, Morgan Bridi, Allison J. Rao, Michael E. Sulewski, Brian T. Kroener, David J. Manglesdorf, Ted Abel Source Type: research

Complete Plasmodium falciparum liver stage development in liver-chimeric mice
Plasmodium falciparum, which causes the most lethal form of human malaria, replicates in the host liver during the initial stage of infection. However, in vivo malaria liver-stage (LS) studies in humans are virtually impossible, and in vitro models of LS development do not reconstitute relevant parasite growth conditions. To overcome these obstacles, we have adopted a robust mouse model for the study of P. falciparum LS in vivo: the immunocompromised and fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase–deficient mouse (Fah–/–, Rag2–/–, Il2rg–/–, termed the FRG mouse) engrafted with huma...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ashley M. Vaughan, Sebastian A. Mikolajczak, Elizabeth M. Wilson, Markus Grompe, Alexis Kaushansky, Nelly Camargo, John Bial, Alexander Ploss, Stefan H.I. Kappe Source Type: research

Alveolar epithelial cells orchestrate DC function in murine viral pneumonia
Influenza viruses (IVs) cause pneumonia in humans with progression to lung failure. Pulmonary DCs are key players in the antiviral immune response, which is crucial to restore alveolar barrier function. The mechanisms of expansion and activation of pulmonary DC populations in lung infection remain widely elusive. Using mouse BM chimeric and cell-specific depletion approaches, we demonstrated that alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) GM-CSF mediates recovery from IV-induced injury by affecting lung DC function. Epithelial GM-CSF induced the recruitment of CD11b+ and monocyte-derived DCs. GM-CSF was also required for the presence ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Barbara Unkel, Katrin Hoegner, Björn E. Clausen, Peter Lewe-Schlosser, Johannes Bodner, Stefan Gattenloehner, Hermann Janßen, Werner Seeger, Juergen Lohmeyer, Susanne Herold Source Type: research

Cis-element mutated in GATA2-dependent immunodeficiency governs hematopoiesis and vascular integrity
Haploinsufficiency for GATA2 causes human immunodeficiency syndromes characterized by mycobacterial infection, myelodysplasia, lymphedema, or aplastic anemia that progress to myeloid leukemia. GATA2 encodes a master regulator of hematopoiesis that is also linked to endothelial biology. Though the disease-causing mutations commonly occur in the GATA-2 DNA binding domain, we identified a patient with mycobacterial infection and myelodysplasia who had an uncharacterized heterozygous deletion in a GATA2 cis-element consisting of an E-box and a GATA motif. Targeted deletion of the equivalent murine element to yield homozygous m...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kirby D. Johnson, Amy P. Hsu, Myung-Jeom Ryu, Jinyong Wang, Xin Gao, Meghan E. Boyer, Yangang Liu, Youngsook Lee, Katherine R. Calvo, Sunduz Keles, Jing Zhang, Steven M. Holland, Emery H. Bresnick Source Type: research

Conditional Gata2 inactivation results in HSC loss and lymphatic mispatterning
The transcription factor GATA-2 plays vital roles in quite diverse developmental programs, including hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) survival and proliferation. We previously identified a vascular endothelial (VE) enhancer that regulates GATA-2 activity in pan-endothelial cells. To more thoroughly define the in vivo regulatory properties of this enhancer, we generated a tamoxifen-inducible Cre transgenic mouse line using the Gata2 VE enhancer (Gata2 VECre) and utilized it to temporally direct tissue-specific conditional loss of Gata2. Here, we report that Gata2 VECre–mediated loss of GATA-2 led to anemia, hemorrhage,...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kim-Chew Lim, Tomonori Hosoya, William Brandt, Chia-Jui Ku, Sakie Hosoya-Ohmura, Sally A. Camper, Masayuki Yamamoto, James Douglas Engel Source Type: research

Adipocyte iron regulates adiponectin and insulin sensitivity
Iron overload is associated with increased diabetes risk. We therefore investigated the effect of iron on adiponectin, an insulin-sensitizing adipokine that is decreased in diabetic patients. In humans, normal-range serum ferritin levels were inversely associated with adiponectin, independent of inflammation. Ferritin was increased and adiponectin was decreased in type 2 diabetic and in obese diabetic subjects compared with those in equally obese individuals without metabolic syndrome. Mice fed a high-iron diet and cultured adipocytes treated with iron exhibited decreased adiponectin mRNA and protein. We found that iron ne...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: J. Scott Gabrielsen, Yan Gao, Judith A. Simcox, Jingyu Huang, David Thorup, Deborah Jones, Robert C. Cooksey, David Gabrielsen, Ted D. Adams, Steven C. Hunt, Paul N. Hopkins, William T. Cefalu, Donald A. McClain Source Type: research

Is medical science built on shaky foundations?
More than half of biomedical findings cannot be reproduced. Elizabeth Iorns says we urgently need a way to ensure that discoveries are properly checked
Source: New Scientist - Health - September 17, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: research

Effects of three weeks of mild sleep restriction implemented in the home environment on multiple metabolic and endocrine markers in healthy young men
The objective of this study was to investigate whether small changes in sleep duration over a three week period while participants are living in their normal environment lead to changes in insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters.Methods: Nineteen healthy, young, normal-weight men were randomised to either sleep restriction (habitual bedtime minus 1.5h) or a control condition (habitual bedtime) for three weeks. Weekly assessments of insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp, anthropometry, vascular function, leptin and adiponectin were made. Sleep was assessed continuously using actigraphy and ...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: M. Denise Robertson, David Russell-Jones, A. Margot Umpleby, Derk-Jan Dijk Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Evaluating insulin secretagogues in a humanized mouse model with functional human islets
Conclusions: Our studies indicate that a humanized mouse model with human islet grafts could mimic the in vivo characteristics of human islets and could be a powerful tool for the evaluation of novel insulin secretagogues or other therapeutic agents that directly and/or indirectly target human β cells.
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jian Luo, Kathy Nguyen, Michael Chen, Than Tran, Jianqiang Hao, Bole Tian, Ingrid C. Rulifson, Ying Zhang, Lei Tian, Yu Zhang, Edwin Lopez, Daniel C.-H. Lin, Yingcai Wang, Zhihua Ma, Jonathan Houze, Zhiguang Guo Tags: Basic Science Source Type: research

Manipulation of the extrastriate frontal loop can resolve visual disability in blindsight patients
Abstract: Patients with blindsight are not consciously aware of visual stimuli in the affected field of vision but retain nonconscious perception. This disability can be resolved if nonconsciously perceived information can be brought to their conscious awareness. It can be accomplished by manipulating neural network of visual awareness. To understand this network, we studied the pattern of cortical activity elicited during processing of visual stimuli with or without conscious awareness. The analysis indicated that a re-entrant signaling loop between the area V3A (located in the extrastriate cortex) and the frontal cortex ...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rajendra D. Badgaiyan Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Reciprocal influence of masticatory apparatus, craniofacial structure and whole body homeostasis
Abstract: There are evidences that the evolution into Homo erectus was partially induced by masticatory muscular dystrophy caused by a gene mutation, which in turn increased brain capacity and led to bipedalism. It is generally accepted that the morphology and function of mammalian skull are partially controlled by epigenetic mechanisms. Archeologic evidences support that the masticatory apparatus have influenced the mechanical stress distribution in hominin skull, and consequently changed craniofacial morphology and function. Even after evolution into H. erectus, alterations in food properties by civilization and cultural...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yong-Keun Lee, Hyung-Joo Moon Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Could cheese be the missing piece in the French paradox puzzle?
Abstract: The low rates of cardiovascular mortality which have existed in France for decades despite high saturated fat consumption constitute an epidemiological phenomenon called the “French paradox”. This phenomenon was originally attributed to consumption of red wine and its major constituent resveratrol. However, recent studies have revealed the limitations of this link outside France. These observations indicate that consumption of red wine alone cannot explain the paradox and perhaps some other constituents of the typical French diet could be responsible for reduced cardiovascular mortality. We hypothesize that c...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ivan M. Petyaev, Yuriy K. Bashmakov Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Extending David Horrobin’s membrane phospholipid theory of schizophrenia: Overactivity of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in the brain is caused by overdrive of coupled serotonergic 5HT2A/2C receptors in response to stress
Abstract: David Horrobin’s membrane phospholipid theory of schizophrenia has held up well over time because his therapeutic prediction that dietary supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) would have a therapeutic effect has been partially verified and undergoes continued testing. In the final version of his theory, he hypothesized that there was hyperactivity of phosphoslipase A2 (PLA2) or a related enzyme but did not explain how the hyperactivity came about. It is known that serotonergic 5HT2A/2C receptors are coupled to PLA2, which hydrolyzes both arachidonic acid (AA) and EPA from diacylglycerides at the sn-2...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Arnold E. Eggers Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The translaminar pressure gradient in sustained zero gravity, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and glaucoma
Abstract: Papilledema has long been associated with elevated intracranial pressure. Classically, tumors, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and obstructive hydrocephalus have led to an increase in intracranial pressure causing optic nerve head edema and observable optic nerve swelling. Recent reports describe astronauts returning from prolonged space flight on the International Space Station with papilledema (Mader et al., 2011) . Papilledema has not been observed in shorter duration space flight. Other recent work has shown that the difference in intraocular pressure (IOP) and cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFp) may be...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: John P. Berdahl, Dao Yi Yu, William H. Morgan Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Hypothesis: Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the female genital tract is controlled by Type 2 immunity
Abstract: Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium sexually transmitted to more than 90 million individuals each year. As this level of infectivity implies, C. trachomatis is a successful human parasite; a success facilitated by its ability to cause asymptomatic infection. Host defense against C. trachomatis in the female genital tract is not well defined, but current dogma suggests infection is controlled largely by TH1 immunity. Conversely, it is well established that TH2 immunity controls allergens, helminths, and other extracellular pathogens that cause repetitive or persistent T cell stimulation bu...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rodolfo D. Vicetti Miguel, Thomas L. Cherpes Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Possible link between the synthesis of GR alpha isoforms and eIF2 alpha phosphorylation state
Abstract: Glucocorticoid hormones regulate numerous physiological processes and are widely used in the treatment of inflammation, autoimmune disease and cancer. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) – a transcription factor, derived from a single gene, is responsible for the diverse actions of glucocorticoids. It was shown that GR gene gives rise a variety of mRNA species that produces several protein isoforms, among them GRα is the most abundant. In addition, GRα N-end-truncated protein isoforms (A, B, C, D) are generated by translational mechanisms. As it was found that the ratio between the translational isoforms amounts var...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Alex V. Kochetov, Tatyana I. Merkulova, Vasily M. Merkulov Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Does loading velocity affect failure strength after tendon repair?
This study characterized the effect of loading rate on the failure strength of repaired canine flexor tendons. Thirty-six canine flexor digitorum profundus tendons were lacerated, repaired, and tested at three displacement rates: 0.33mm/s; 84mm/s; and 590mm/s. Peak force and stiffness of the repairs were evaluated. Peak force was significantly greater (p
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Manoj Parimi, Chunfeng Zhao, Andrew R. Thoreson, Kai-Nan An, Peter C. Amadio Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Manipulating failure mechanism of rapid prototyped scaffolds by changing nodal connectivity and geometry of the pores
This study aims at characterizing the failure mechanism of scaffolds based on nodal connectivity (number of struts that meet in joints) and geometry of the pores. Plastic models of scaffolds having the same relative density but different cubic and trigonal unit cells were designed and then fabricated via three dimensional (3-D) printing. Unit cells were repeated in different arrangements in 3-D space. An in-situ imaging technique was utilized to study the progressive deformation of the scaffold models. Different nodal connectivities resulted in a wide range of compressive behaviors in scaffold models, from elastic-plastic ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Soodeh Amirkhani, Reza Bagheri, Alireza Zehtab Yazdi Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Skin anisotropy in vivo and initial natural stress effect: A quantitative study using high-frequency static elastography
Conclusions: The local anisotropic behavior of the skin in vivo could be easily studied using the elastographic test. Nevertheless, the initial skin tension is an important parameter which strongly affects the mechanical behavior of the skin in vivo, in particular its anisotropic properties.
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Solène Gahagnon, Yassine Mofid, Gwendal Josse, Frédéric Ossant Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Nonlinear optimization for drift removal in estimation of gait kinematics based on accelerometers
Abstract: A new data processing method is described for estimation of angles of leg segments, joint angles, and trajectories in the sagittal plane from data recorded by sensors units mounted at the lateral side of leg segments. Each sensor unit comprises a pair of three-dimensional accelerometers which send data wirelessly to a PC. The accelerometer signals comprise time-varying and temperature-dependent offset, which leads to drift and diverged signals after integration. The key features of the proposed method are to model the offset by a slowly varying function of time (a cubic spline polynomial) and evaluate the polynom...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Milica D. Djurić-Jovičić, Nenad S. Jovičić, Dejan B. Popović, Antonije R. Djordjević Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Lower extremity sagittal joint moment production during split-belt treadmill walking
Abstract: The split-belt treadmill (SBT) has recently been used to rehabilitate locomotor asymmetries in clinical populations. However, the joint mechanics produced while walking on a SBT are not well-understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lower extremity sagittal joint moment patterns produced by each limb during SBT walking and provide insight as to how these joint moment patterns may be useful in rehabilitating unilateral gait deficits. Thirteen healthy young volunteers walked on the SBT with the belts tied and in a “SPLIT” session in which one belt moved twice as fast as the other. Sagittal lo...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ryan T. Roemmich, Elizabeth L. Stegemöller, Chris J. Hass Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Cryptography in modern-day medical science*.
PMID: 22994839 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Med J Aust - September 17, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Mutsaers HA Tags: Med J Aust Source Type: research

Quantification of red blood cell deformation at high-hematocrit blood flow in microvessels
Abstract: The deformation of red blood cells in microvessels was investigated numerically for various vessel diameters, hematocrits, and shear rates. We simulated blood flow in circular channels with diameters ranging from 9 to 50μm, hematocrits from 20% to 45%, and shear rates from 20 to 150s−1 using a particle-based model with parallel computing. The apparent viscosity predicted by the simulation was in good agreement with previous experimental results. We quantified the deformation of red blood cells as a function of radial position. The numerical results demonstrated that because of the shape transition in response ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Davod Alizadehrad, Yohsuke Imai, Keita Nakaaki, Takuji Ishikawa, Takami Yamaguchi Tags: Papers Source Type: research

A simple controller for the prediction of three-dimensional gait
The objective of this study is to investigate the potential of forward dynamic modeling in predicting the functional outcome of complicated orthopedic procedures involving relocation or removal of muscles or correction osteotomies in the lower extremities. For this purpose, we developed a torque actuated forward dynamics based three-dimensional model of gait, that extends the previous reported work of . The mechanical properties are scaled to the subject and lateral stability is provided by an ‘offset plus proportional’ controller (). Kinematic constraints are formulated based on three independent gait descriptors and ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: R. Fluit, M.M. van der Krogt, H. van der Kooij, N. Verdonschot, H.F.J.M. Koopman Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Microextraction by packed sorbent and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as a tool for quantification of peptides in plasma samples: determination of sensory neuron-specific receptors agonist BAM8-22 and antagonist BAM22-8 in plasma samples.
In this study MEPS has been evaluated for quantification of sensory neuron-specific receptors agonist (BAM8-22). Owing to the instability of BAMs, the focus was on fast extraction and determination of the peptide online using LC-MS/MS. Sorbents such as C2, C8 and ENV+ (hydroxylated polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer) were investigated in the present study. MEPS-C8 gave the best results compared with C2 and ENV and it was used for the method validation. The calibration curve was obtained within the concentration range of 20.0-3045 nmol/L in plasma. The regression correlation coefficients for plasma samples were ≥0.99 ...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ashri NY, Daryanavard M, Abdel-Rehim M Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: research

Single-step modified QuEChERS for determination of chlorothalonil in shallot (Allium ascalonicum) using GC-μECD and confirmation via mass spectrometry.
Abstract A single extraction method was developed for chlorothalonil in shallot using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-μECD). Samples were extracted with single-step modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method using ethyl acetate as an extraction solvent. Significant matrix effects were observed, and the calibration curve was constructed from the matrix. The linearity of the analytical response across the studied range of concentrations (0.01-1.00 mg/L) was excellent, obtaining a correlation coefficient (r(2) ) of 0.996. >0.996. Recovery studies were carr...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rahman MM, Park JH, Abd El-Aty AM, Choi JH, Bae HR, Yang A, Park KH, Shim JH Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: research

Method development and validation for the quantification of dasatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, imatinib, lapatinib, nilotinib, sorafenib and sunitinib in human plasma by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.
Abstract To support pharmacokinetic-guided dosing in individual patients, a fast and accurate method for simultaneous determination of anticancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) dasatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, imatinib, lapatinib, nilotinib, sorafenib and sunitinib in human plasma was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography and detection with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Stable isotopically labeled compounds of the eight different TKIs were used as internal standards. Plasma proteins were precipitated and an aliquot of supernatant was directly injected onto a reversed phase chromatograph...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lankheet NA, Hillebrand MJ, Rosing H, Schellens JH, Beijnen JH, Huitema AD Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: research

Submission of scientifically sound and ethical manuscripts to peer-reviewed journals - a reviewer's personal perspective on bioanalytical publications.
Abstract In the pharmaceutical industry, bioanalysis is very dynamic and is probably one of the few fields of research covering the entire drug discovery, development and post-marketing process. Important decisions on drug safety can partially rely on bioanalytical data, which therefore can be subject to regulatory scrutiny. Bioanalytical scientists have historically contributed significant numbers of scientific manuscripts in many peer-reviewed analytical journals. All of these journals provide some high-level instructions, but they also leave sufficient flexibility for reviewers to perform independent critique an...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - September 17, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Weng N Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: research

Malignant Effusions
Pleuritis, Ascites, PericarditesMalignant effusions (pleurites, ascites and pericardites) are some of the most frequent manifestations of dissemination process of malignant tumors. Accumulation of the malignant fluid in serous cavities results in impairment of respiratory and cardiac functions, however long-term evacuation of the fluid leads to severe disorders of homeostasis that may directly cause the patient’s death. The ...
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - September 16, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Biomedicine (general) Source Type: news

Acute and chronic inflammation studies of Strobilanthes callosus leaves extract on rat model
Conclusion Pet. ether and ethanol extracts of S. callosus were observed to have a promising efficacy against acute and chronic inflammation. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Short CommunicationPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s10787-012-0150-8Authors Satish Kumar, Department of Pharmacology, M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. University, Mullana, Ambala, 133203 Haryana, IndiaHitendra, Department of Pharmacology, M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. University, Mullana, Ambala, 133203 Haryana, IndiaManisha Bhatia, Department of Pharmacognosy, M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. University, Mullana, Ambala, 133203 Harya...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - September 16, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Inflammopharmacology Source Type: research

Season of birth effect on psychotic-like experiences in Japanese adolescents
Abstract A number of studies have investigated seasonality of birth in schizophrenia. Most of the studies have consistently observed an excess of winter births, often associated with decreased summer births. We postulated that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), subclinical hallucinatory and delusional experiences, may also be affected by birth season. In the present study, we assessed the season of birth effect on the prevalence of PLEs using data from the cross-sectional survey of 19,436 Japanese adolescents. As a result, significant excess of winter births was observed in the prevalence of PLEs, accompanie...
Source: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - September 16, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Tags: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Source Type: research

Dual diagnosis of sarcoidosis and lymphoma
Conclusion These cases help to demonstrate the need for careful clinical, histological and radiological assessment. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Brief ReportPages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11845-012-0854-1Authors B. Brady, Department of Medical Oncology, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co. Louth, IrelandD. Kamel, Department of Medical Oncology, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co. Louth, IrelandJ. Kiely, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co. Louth, IrelandB. Hennessy, Department of Medical Oncology, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co. Louth,...
Source: Irish Journal of Medical Science - September 16, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Irish Journal of Medical Science Source Type: research

An experimental and computational investigation of the post-yield behaviour of trabecular bone during vertebral device subsidence.
Abstract Interbody fusion device subsidence has been reported clinically. An enhanced understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the surrounding bone would allow for accurate predictions of vertebral subsidence. The multiaxial inelastic behaviour of trabecular bone is investigated at a microscale and macroscale level. The post-yield behaviour of trabecular bone under hydrostatic and confined compression is investigated using microcomputed tomography-derived microstructural models, elucidating a mechanism of pressure-dependent yielding at the macroscopic level. Specifically, microstructural trabecular simulations ...
Source: Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - September 16, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kelly N, Harrison NM, McDonnell P, McGarry JP Tags: Biomech Model Mechanobiol Source Type: research

Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - September 15, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Neurosciences Source Type: news

Utility of bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of pulmonary infection in children with haematological malignancies
Conclusions Our study supports the use of bronchoscopy with BAL as a diagnostic intervention in this patient population. We consider BAL a safe procedure from which both positive and negative results contribute to the patient’s clinical management. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s11845-012-0852-3Authors U. Rao, Departments of Haematology and Oncology, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, IrelandA. Piccin, Departments of Haematology and Oncology, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, IrelandA. Malone, Departments of Haem...
Source: Irish Journal of Medical Science - September 15, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Irish Journal of Medical Science Source Type: research