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This page shows you the 20 most read items in the past 30 days within this specialty in the MedWorm directory.

Ibuprofen: Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Side Effects(Rainsford)
(Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - February 3, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Pharmacology / Toxicology Source Type: news

Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Molecular and Cellular BiologyNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), caused by mutational inactivation of the NF1 tumour suppressor gene, is one of the most common dominantly inherited human disorders, affecting 1 in 3000 individuals worldwide. This book presents in concise fashion, but as comprehensively as possible, our current state of knowledge on the molecular genetics, molecular biology and cellular biology of this tumour ... (Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - January 31, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Human Genetics Source Type: news

Protein oxidation in metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: Therapeutic interventions based on lifestyle modifications and pharmacological agents in order to correct all the main risk factors influence oxidative stress and protein carbonylation. PMID: 23374595 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical and Investigative Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Investigative Medicine - February 5, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Hopps E, Caimi G Tags: Clin Invest Med Source Type: research

David Allis awarded $1 million grant from Starr Cancer Consortium
Allis leads one of five cancer research teams that are winners of $5 million in grant awards from The Starr Foundation’s Sixth Starr Cancer Consortium Grant Competition. More » (Source: The Rockefeller University Newswire)
Source: The Rockefeller University Newswire - February 1, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: pubaff Tags: Awards and Honors Source Type: news

Brain-wide pathway for waste clearance captured by contrast-enhanced MRI
The glymphatic system is a recently defined brain-wide paravascular pathway for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF) exchange that facilitates efficient clearance of solutes and waste from the brain. CSF enters the brain along para-arterial channels to exchange with ISF, which is in turn cleared from the brain along para-venous pathways. Because soluble amyloid β clearance depends on glymphatic pathway function, we proposed that failure of this clearance system contributes to amyloid plaque deposition and Alzheimer’s disease progression. Here we provide proof of concept that glymphatic pathwa...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 23, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jeffrey J. Iliff, Hedok Lee, Mei Yu, Tian Feng, Jean Logan, Maiken Nedergaard, Helene Benveniste Source Type: research

Angiopoietin-like protein 1 suppresses SLUG to inhibit cancer cell motility
Angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1) is a potent regulator of angiogenesis. Growing evidence suggests that ANGPTL family proteins not only target endothelial cells but also affect tumor cell behavior. In a screen of 102 patients with lung cancer, we found that ANGPTL1 expression was inversely correlated with invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor clinical outcomes. ANGPTL1 suppressed the migratory, invasive, and metastatic capabilities of lung and breast cancer cell lines in vitro and reduced metastasis in mice injected with cancer cell lines overexpressing ANGPTL1. Ectopic expression of ANGPTL1 suppressed the epitheli...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 23, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tsang-Chih Kuo, Ching-Ting Tan, Yi-Wen Chang, Chih-Chen Hong, Wei-Jiunn Lee, Min-Wei Chen, Yung-Ming Jeng, Jean Chiou, Pei Yu, Pai-Sheng Chen, Ming-Yang Wang, Michael Hsiao, Jen-Liang Su, Min-Liang Kuo Source Type: research

Comparison of acute proton, photon, and low-dose priming effects on genes associated with extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules in the lungs
Conclusion: These data show that marked differences were present between acutely delivered protons and photons in modulating genes, and the effect of protons was more profound than that of photons. Pre-exposure to LDR gamma-rays 'normalized' some genes that were modified by acute irradiation. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - February 4, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jian TianSisi TianDaila Gridley Source Type: research

Association of monocyte CCR2 expression with obesity and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women.
Conclusion: These results provide support for significant associations of monocyte number and markers involved in monocyte activation with obesity and insulin resistance. PMID: 23374597 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical and Investigative Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Investigative Medicine - February 5, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Pandzic Jaksic V, Gizdic B, Miletic Z, Trutin-Ostovic K, Jaksic O Tags: Clin Invest Med Source Type: research

Effects of exercise-induced low back pain on intrinsic trunk stiffness and paraspinal muscle reflexes
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to (1) compare trunk neuromuscular behavior between individuals with no history of low back pain (LBP) and individuals who experience exercise-induced LBP (eiLBP) when pain free, and (2) investigate changes in trunk neuromuscular behavior with eiLBP. Seventeen young adult males participated including eight reporting recurrent, acute eiLBP and nine control participants reporting no history of LBP. Intrinsic trunk stiffness and paraspinal muscle reflex delay were determined in both groups using sudden trunk flexion position perturbations 1–2 days following exercise when the eiLBP par...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - November 26, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Emily M. Miller, Babak Bazrgari, Maury A. Nussbaum, Michael L. Madigan Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Vemurafenib Potently Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis in BRAFV600E Melanoma Cells.
F Abstract The V600E mutation in the kinase BRAF is frequently detected in melanomas and results in constitutive activation of BRAF, which then promotes cell proliferation by the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Although the BRAFV600E kinase inhibitor vemurafenib has remarkable antitumor activity in patients with BRAFV600E-mutated melanoma, its effects are limited by the onset of drug resistance. We found that exposure of melanoma cell lines with the BRAFV600E mutation to vemurafenib decreased the abundance of antiapoptotic proteins and induced intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis. Vemurafenib-trea...
Source: Science Signaling - February 5, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Beck D, Niessner H, Smalley KS, Flaherty K, Paraiso KH, Busch C, Sinnberg T, Vasseur S, Iovanna JL, Drießen S, Stork B, Wesselborg S, Schaller M, Biedermann T, Bauer J, Lasithiotakis K, Weide B, Eberle J, Schittek B, Schadendorf D, Garbe C, Kulms D, Meie Tags: Sci Signal Source Type: research

Influence of outer membrane c‐type cytochromes on particle size and activity of extracellular nanoparticles produced by Shewanella oneidensis
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the OMCs, i.e., MtrC and OmcA, on the size and activity of the extracellular silver NPs (AgNPs) and silver sulfide NPs (Ag2S NPs) produced by S. oneidensis MR‐1. We found that (i) the lack of OMCs on S. oneidensis cell surface decreased the particle size of the extracellular biogenic AgNPs and Ag2S NPs; (ii) the biogenic AgNPs from the mutant lacking OMCs showed higher antibacterial activity; and (iii) the biogenic Ag2S NPs from the mutant lacking OMCs exhibited higher catalytic activity in methylviologen reduction. Our results suggest that it may be possibl...
Source: Biotechnology and Bioengineering - February 5, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chun Kiat Ng, Krishnakumar Sivakumar, Xin Liu, Munusamy Madhaiyan, Lianghui Ji, Liang Yang, Chuyang Tang, Hao Song, Staffan Kjelleberg, Bin Cao Tags: Article Source Type: research

Development of ELISAs for the Detection of Urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Targeting the pORF5 Protein.
CONCLUSION: Two DAS-ELISAs were developed in this study that provided a feasible and effective assay that could be considered alternative tools for the serodiagnosis of C. trachomatis infection. PMID: 23425799 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences : BES)
Source: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences : BES - February 24, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Li ZY, Huang QL, Su SM, Zhong GM, Wu YM Tags: Biomed Environ Sci Source Type: research

Sprouty2, PTEN, and PP2A interact to regulate prostate cancer progression
Concurrent activation of RAS/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways is implicated in prostate cancer progression. The negative regulators of these pathways, including sprouty2 (SPRY2), protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), are commonly inactivated in prostate cancer. The molecular basis of cooperation between these genetic alterations is unknown. Here, we show that SPRY2 deficiency alone triggers activation of AKT and ERK, but this is insufficient to drive tumorigenesis. In addition to AKT and ERK activation, SPRY2 loss also activates a PP2A-dependent tumor suppressor checkpoint. Mechanistically, the...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 23, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rachana Patel, Meiling Gao, Imran Ahmad, Janis Fleming, Lukram B. Singh, Taranjit Singh Rai, Arthur B. McKie, Morag Seywright, Robert J. Barnetson, Joanne Edwards, Owen J. Sansom, Hing Y. Leung Source Type: research

PAR-1 contributes to the innate immune response during viral infection
In this study, we analyzed the role of PAR-1 in coxsackievirus B3–induced (CVB3-induced) myocarditis and influenza A infection. CVB3-infected Par1–/– mice expressed reduced levels of IFN-β and CXCL10 during the early phase of infection compared with Par1+/+ mice that resulted in higher viral loads and cardiac injury at day 8 after infection. Inhibition of either tissue factor or thrombin in WT mice also significantly increased CVB3 levels in the heart and cardiac injury compared with controls. BM transplantation experiments demonstrated that PAR-1 in nonhematopoietic cells protected mice from CVB...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 12, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Silvio Antoniak, A. Phillip Owens III, Martin Baunacke, Julie C. Williams, Rebecca D. Lee, Alice Weithäuser, Patricia A. Sheridan, Ronny Malz, James P. Luyendyk, Denise A. Esserman, JoAnn Trejo, Daniel Kirchhofer, Burns C. Blaxall, Rafal Pawlinski, M Source Type: research

TGF-β inhibition enhances chemotherapy action against triple-negative breast cancer
After an initial response to chemotherapy, many patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have recurrence of drug-resistant metastatic disease. Studies with TNBC cells suggest that chemotherapy-resistant populations of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) with self-renewing and tumor-initiating capacities are responsible for these relapses. TGF-β has been shown to increase stem-like properties in human breast cancer cells. We analyzed RNA expression in matched pairs of primary breast cancer biopsies before and after chemotherapy. Biopsies after chemotherapy displayed increased RNA transcripts of genes associated wi...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 12, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Neil E. Bhola, Justin M. Balko, Teresa C. Dugger, María Gabriela Kuba, Violeta Sánchez, Melinda Sanders, Jamie Stanford, Rebecca S. Cook, Carlos L. Arteaga Source Type: research

Modified Foxp3 mRNA protects against asthma through an IL-10–dependent mechanism
Chemically modified mRNA is capable of inducing therapeutic levels of protein expression while circumventing the threat of genomic integration often associated with viral vectors. We utilized this novel therapeutic tool to express the regulatory T cell transcription factor, FOXP3, in a time- and site-specific fashion in murine lung, in order to prevent allergic asthma in vivo. We show that modified Foxp3 mRNA rebalanced pulmonary T helper cell responses and protected from allergen-induced tissue inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and goblet cell metaplasia in 2 asthma models. This protection was conferred following ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 12, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lauren E. Mays, Susanne Ammon-Treiber, Benedikt Mothes, Mohammed Alkhaled, Jennifer Rottenberger, Eva Sophie Müller-Hermelink, Melanie Grimm, Markus Mezger, Sandra Beer-Hammer, Esther von Stebut, Nikolaus Rieber, Bernd Nürnberg, Matthias Schwab, Source Type: research

Glycated Haemoglobin in Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Pre-diabetes among Middle-aged and Elderly Population: Shanghai Changfeng Study.
CONCLUSION: The optimum HbA1c cutoff point for diabetes in our study population was lower than ADA criteria, and HbA1c may not be used to identify IGR. PMID: 23425797 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences : BES)
Source: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences : BES - February 24, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ma H, Gao X, Lin HD, Hu Y, Li XM, Gao J, Zhao NQ Tags: Biomed Environ Sci Source Type: research

IL-17, IL-22 and Their Producing Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmunity
series:Progress in Inflammation ResearchThe knowledge of Th17 cells and other cell populations which secrete IL-17A, and/or IL-22 has expanded tremendously since the publication of the first edition “Th17 Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease” in 2008. The present volume has been completely revised with the addition of new chapters on the IL-17 receptor family and signaling, and an in-depth review of IL-22 and innate ... (Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - February 11, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Immunology Source Type: news

Botulinum Neurotoxins
series:Current Topics in Microbiology and ImmunologyBotulinum neurotoxins are the most toxic natural substances and represent a major threat to the population when intentionally released in bioterrorist attacks. On the other hand, during the past two decades botulinum neurotoxins have become established as indispensable drugs for the treatment of a variety of severe neurological disorders. The need for efficient countermeasures as well as the ... (Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)
Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles - February 11, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Pharmacology / Toxicology Source Type: news

A modified metabolic model for mixed culture fermentation with energy conserving electron bifurcation reaction and metabolite transport energy
Abstract A modified metabolic model for mixed culture fermentation (MCF) is proposed with the consideration of an energy conserving electron bifurcation reaction and the transport energy of metabolites. The production of H2 related to NADH/NAD+ and Fdred/Fdox is proposed to be divided in three processes in view of energy conserving electron bifurcation reaction. This assumption could fine‐tune the intracellular redox balance and regulate the distribution of metabolites. With respect to metabolite transport energy, the proton motive force is considered to be constant, while the transport rate coefficient is proposed to be...
Source: Biotechnology and Bioengineering - February 4, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fang Zhang, Yan Zhang, Man Chen, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Raymond J. Zeng Tags: Article Source Type: research