Cytology 
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory.
49800 records returned
Inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1 suppresses proliferation of glioma cells under hypoxia by attenuating activity of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase
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Conclusions: SphK1 and SphK2 are involved in proliferation of glioma cells in hypoxic conditions through distinct signalling pathways. SphK1, but not SphK2, promotes cell population expansion in hypoxic conditions by activating ERK. (Source: Cell Proliferation)
Source: Cell Proliferation - February 1, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: H. ZhangW. LiS. SunS. YuM. ZhangF. Zou Source Type: research
Age‐dependent skewing of X chromosome inactivation appears delayed in centenarians’ offspring. Is there a role for allelic imbalance in Healthy Aging and Longevity?Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, the results presented herein highlight for the first time an interesting link between skewing of XCI and healthy aging and longevity. We speculate that the allelic imbalance produced by XCI skewing may compromise the cooperative and compensatory organization occurring between the two cell populations that make up the female mosaic. (Source: Aging Cell)
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Davide GentiliniDavide CastaldiDaniela MariDaniela MontiClaudio FranceschiAnna Maria Di BlasioGiovanni Vitale Source Type: research
The Effect of Dimensionality on Growth and Differentiation of Neural Progenitors from Different Regions of Fetal Rat Brain in vitro: 3-Dimensional Spheroid versus 2-Dimensional Monolayer CultureEmail this article to a colleague.
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Cells Tissues Organs (DOI:10.1159/000330794) (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - January 31, 2012 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Periodontal Disease-Associated Compensatory Expression of Osteoprotegerin Is Lost in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Correlates with Alveolar Bone Destruction by Regulating OsteoclastogenesisEmail this article to a colleague.
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Cells Tissues Organs (DOI:10.1159/000330879) (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - January 31, 2012 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Amelogenin Exons 8 and 9 Encoded Peptide Enhances Leucine Rich Amelogenin Peptide Mediated Dental Pulp RepairEmail this article to a colleague.
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Cells Tissues Organs (DOI:10.1159/000331248) (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - January 31, 2012 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
In Regard to “Breast Cancer Recurrent on Supraclavicular Node(s): What Is the Treatment?” (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011;80:1453–1457)Email this article to a colleague.
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To the Editor: In a recent issue of this journal, Reddy et al. reported encouraging overall survival data after isolated supraclavicular nodal recurrence (ISNR) in breast cancer patients previously submitted to mastectomy and doxorubicin-based chemotherapy with or without irradiation. The prognosis of ISNR is generally poor: it has been shown that patients have a 5-year survival rate ranging between 5% and 35% . Reddy et al. reported that at the time of relapse the treatment was principally oriented to systemic therapy, whereas an “aggressive local approach” was delivered in only 6 patients, 3 of whom received radiat...
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - January 30, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Stefano Pergolizzi, Anna Santacaterina Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
Inhibition and eradication of human glioma with tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium in an orthotopic nude-mouse model.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we demonstrated that the Salmonella typhimurium A1-R tumor-targeting strain can inhibit and eradicate human glioma in an orthotopic nude-mouse model. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered by injection through a craniotomy open-window or intravenously in nude mice. To establish the model, 2 x 105 U87-RFP human glioma cells were injected stereotactically into the mouse brain through the craniotomy open window. Two weeks after glioma-cell implantation, mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R [2 x 10 ( 7) CFU/200 μl intravenous injection (i.v.) or 1 x 10 ( 6) CFU/1 μl intracranial injection (i.c.)] once a we...
Source: Cell Cycle - January 30, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Momiyama M, Zhao M, Kimura H, Tran B, Chishima T, Bouvet M, Endo I, Hoffman RM Tags: Cell Cycle Source Type: research
Aurora A is differentially expressed in gliomas, is associated with patient survival in glioblastoma and is a potential chemotherapeutic target in gliomas.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Aurora A is critical for mitosis and is overexpressed in several neoplasms. Its overexpression transforms cultured cells, and both its overexpression and knockdown cause genomic instability. In transgenic mice, Aurora A haploinsufficiency, not overexpression, leads to increased malignant tumor formation. Aurora A thus appears to have both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressor functions. Here, we report that Aurora A protein, measured by quantitative protein gel blotting, is differentially expressed in major glioma types in lineage-specific patterns. Aurora A protein levels in WHO grade II oligodendrogliomas...
Source: Cell Cycle - January 30, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Lehman NL, O'Donnell JP, Whiteley LJ, Stapp RT, Lehman TD, Roszka KM, Schultz LR, Williams CJ, Mikkelsen T, Brown SL, Ecsedy JA, Poisson LM Tags: Cell Cycle Source Type: research
Pick your poison: The Ripoptosome, a cell death platform regulating apoptosis and necroptosis.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this report, we extend our recent studies and further the notion that the stoichiometric balance between RIP1 and cIAPs is critical for Ripoptosome formation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the critical relevance of the balance of expression levels of short (cFLIPS) or viral (vFLIP) forms of FLIP and RIP3 kinase for the spontaneous execution of necroptosis whenever cIAPs are absent in the cells. Our study thus supports and extends the intriguing role of the Ripoptosome for the regulation of apoptosis and necroptosis.
PMID: 22274400 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Cycle)
Source: Cell Cycle - January 30, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Feoktistova M, Geserick P, Panayotova-Dimitrova D, Leverkus M Tags: Cell Cycle Source Type: research
Ascitic fluid due to type II herpes simplex virus infection: Report of a case with immunocytochemical confirmationEmail this article to a colleague.
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This report highlights that the presence of abundant cell debris, degenerative cells and apoptotic bodies, and the absence of vivid mesothelial cells are the key cytological findings to suspect HSV peritonitis, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by careful surveillance for characteristic nuclear findings of single or multinucleated cells. The frequency of opportunistic infection is increased because of the increased numbers of iatrogenic immunocompromised patients as seen in this case, therefore, cytological examination is a useful method for early detection of the causative agent of peritonitis including HSV. Diagn. Cytop...
Source: Diagnostic Cytopathology - January 30, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Keiko YoshidaYoshimitsu MiyahiraMitsuaki IshidaMuneo IwaiAkiko KagotaniNamie AritaNozomi IwamotoMikiko TakikitaFumiyoshi KojimaHidetoshi Okabe Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Effects of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling on proliferation and differentiation of apical papilla stem cellsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Our results suggest that canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling promotes proliferation and odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAP. (Source: Cell Proliferation)
Source: Cell Proliferation - January 30, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: J. WangB. LiuS. GuJ. Liang Source Type: research
Pluripotency of a polyploid H1 (ES) cell system without leukaemia inhibitory factorEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Polyploid H1 (ES) cells retained pluripotency in vitro, without LIF with nanog over‐expression. (Source: Cell Proliferation)
Source: Cell Proliferation - January 30, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: K. Fujikawa‐YamamotoT. OtaM. MiyagoshiH. Yamagishi Source Type: research
Discovery Of Rotational Motion Of Cells That Plays A Critical Role In Their Normal Development Has Major Implications For Breast Cancer ResearchEmail this article to a colleague.
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In a study that holds major implications for breast cancer research as well as basic cell biology, scientists with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have discovered a rotational motion that plays a critical role in the ability of breast cells to form the spherical structures in the mammary gland known as acini. This rotation, which the researchers call "CAMo," for coherent angular motion, is necessary for the cells to form spheres... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 29, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Breast Cancer Source Type: news
Src modulates contractile vascular smooth muscle function via regulation of focal adhesionsEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractSrc is a known regulator of focal adhesion turnover in migrating cells; but, in contrast, Src is generally assumed to play little role in differentiated, contractile vascular smooth muscle (dVSM). The goal of the present study was to determine if Src‐family kinases regulate focal adhesion proteins and how this might affect contractility of non‐proliferative vascular smooth muscle. We demonstrate here, through the use of phosphotyrosine screening, deconvolution microscopy imaging, and differential centrifugation, that the activity of Src family kinases in aorta is regulated by the alpha agonist and vasoconstrict...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - January 28, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Jianghong MinMaya ReznichenkoRansom H. PoythressCynthia M. GallantSusanne VetterkindYunping LiKathleen G. Morgan Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research
Telomere dysfunctional environment induces loss of quiescence and inherent impairments of hematopoietic stem cell functionEmail this article to a colleague.
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Previous studies have shown that telomere dysfunction induces alteration in the systemic (circulatory) environment impairing the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) but these defects can be reverted by re‐exposing HSCs to an environment with functional telomeres. In contrast, HSC intrinsic telomere dysfunction induces permanent and irreversible limitations in the repopulation capacity partially depending on the induction checkpoints such as cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. It is currently unknown whether telomere dysfunctional environment can induce irreversible, cell intrinsic defects impairing the functio...
Source: Aging Cell - January 28, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhangfa SongJunling ZhangZhenyu JuK. Lenhard Rudolph Source Type: research
It's time for science to move on from materialism | Mark VernonEmail this article to a colleague.
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This article was amended on 28 January 2012. The superscript formatting in a quote by Rupert Sheldrake was lost in the production process, leaving it with a reference to 1026 years instead of 1026. This has now been correctedRichard DawkinsMark Vernonguardian.co.uk © 2012 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds (Source: Guardian Unlimited Science)
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - January 28, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Mark Vernon Tags: Science Richard Dawkins guardian.co.uk Comment Comment is free Source Type: news
Fabrication and evaluation of biomimetic-synthetic nanofibrous composites for soft tissue regenerationEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Electrospun scaffolds hold promise for the regeneration of dense connective tissues, given their nanoscale topographies, provision
of directional cues for infiltrating cells and versatile composition. Synthetic slow-degrading scaffolds provide long-term
mechanical support and nanoscale instructional cues; however, these scaffolds suffer from a poor infiltration rate. Alternatively,
nanofibrous constructs formed from natural biomimetic materials (such as collagen) rapidly infiltrate but provide little mechanical
support. To take advantage of the positive features of these constructs, we have develope...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research
Human keratin hydrogels support fibroblast attachment and proliferation in vitroEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Human hair keratins have a strong potential for development as clinically relevant biomaterials because they are abundant
and bioactive and are a realistic source of autologous proteins. Specifically, keratins have the propensity to polymerize
in an aqueous environment to form hydrogels. In order to evaluate the suitability of keratin hydrogels as substrates for cell
culture, we have fabricated hydrogels using keratins extracted from human hair by inducing polymerization with Ca2+; these hydrogels exhibit highly branched and porous micro-architectures. L929 murine fibroblasts have been used in a prel...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research
The novel expression of Oct3/4 and Bmi1 in the root development of mouse molarsEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the cells involved in the root elongation. Octamer-binding factor 3/4
(Oct3/4) is known as one of the key regulators in maintaining the pluripotency and self-renewal properties of embryonic stem
cells. Bmi1, the polycomb-group transcriptional repressor, has emerged as a key regulator in several cellular processes including
stem cell self-renewal and cancer cell proliferation. At the beginning of root formation, ameloblasts expressed Oct3/4 in
the nucleus, except in the apex of the cervical loop, in which Bmi1and cyclinD were expressed. At PN6, the expression of Oct...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research
Stem cell-based tissue engineering in veterinary orthopaedicsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Regenerative medicine is one of the most intensively researched medical branches, with enormous progress every year. When
it comes to translating research from bench to bedside, many of the pioneering innovations are achieved by cooperating teams
of human and veterinary medical scientists. The veterinary profession has an important role to play in this new and evolving
technology, holding a great scientific potential, because animals serve widely as models for human medicine and results obtained
from animals may serve as preclinical results for human medicine. Regenerative veterinary medicine utiliz...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research
Comparative investigation of the differentiation capability of bone-marrow- and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells by qualitative and quantitative analysisEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold promise for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine. To date, MSCs have been obtained
from conventional bone marrow via a highly invasive procedure. Therefore, MSCs are now also isolated from sources such as
adipose tissue, cord blood and cord stroma, a subject of growing interest. As the characterization and differentiation potential
of adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) and bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) have not been documented, we have evaluated and compared
the characteristics of both MSC types by qualitative and quantitative analyses. Both cell types show...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research
The use of an electrostatic lens to enhance the efficiency of the electrospinning processEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Electrospun scaffolds manufactured using conventional electrospinning configurations have an intrinsic thickness limitation,
due to a charge build-up at the collector. To overcome this limitation, an electrostatic lens has been developed that, at
the same relative rate of deposition, focuses the polymer jet onto a smaller area of the collector, resulting in the fabrication
of thick scaffolds within a shorter period of time. We also observed that a longer deposition time (up to 13 h, without the
intervention of the operator) could be achieved when the electrostatic lens was utilised, compared to...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research
Fine structural and immunohistochemical detection of collar enamel in the teeth of Polypterus senegalus, an actinopterygian fishEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract This is the first detailed report about the collar enamel of the teeth of Polypterus senegalus. We have examined the fine structure of the collar enamel and enamel organ of Polypterus during amelogenesis by light and transmission electron microscopy. An immunohistochemical analysis with an antibody against
bovine amelogenin, an antiserum against porcine amelogenin and region-specific antibodies or antiserum against the C-terminus,
middle region and N-terminus of porcine amelogenin has also been performed to examine the collar enamel matrix present in
these teeth. Their ameloblasts contain fully devel...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research
[Perspective] Cell Biology: The Risk of Prion ZoonosesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Transmission of prions between species through both lymphoid and neural tissues has implications for public health and risk management.Author: John Collinge (Source: Science: Current Issue)
Source: Science: Current Issue - January 27, 2012 Category: Science Authors: John Collinge Source Type: research
Acute intermittent porphyria, an important and rare differential diagnosis of acute abdomen: case report and literature reviewEmail this article to a colleague.
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This article presents a literature review and reports on a case of porphyric crisis initially diagnosed as acute abdomen and treated with an inconclusive exploratory laparotomy During the postoperative period, the patient progressed with tetraparesis, tetraplegia and respiratory distress, suggesting Guillain-Barre syndrome, which was precluded after cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed no albumin-cytological dissociation. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit due to her neurological disorders, which required ventilation support. After admission, she progressed with choluria and seizures. A porphyric crisis w...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva - January 27, 2012 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research
World Molecular & Cell Biology Online Conference Held On February 16-18, 2012: Join For FreeEmail this article to a colleague.
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Target Meeting is a leading life science conference organizer. They specialize in organizing conferences, symposiums and workshops, which brings together the known researchers, professors and life science suppliers from across the world to debate over the latest developments in biomedical research. The 2012 World Molecular & Cell Biology Online Conference is scheduled to be held on February 16 - 18, 2012... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 27, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Conferences Source Type: news
Plakophilin-2: a cell-cell adhesion plaque molecule of selective and fundamental importance in cardiac functions and tumor cell growthEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Within the characteristic ensemble of desmosomal plaque proteins, the armadillo protein plakophilin-2 (Pkp2) is known as a particularly important regulatory component in the cytoplasmic plaques of various
other cell–cell junctions, such as the composite junctions (areae compositae) of the myocardiac intercalated disks and in the variously-sized and -shaped complex junctions of permanent cell culture
lines derived therefrom. In addition, Pkp2 has been detected in certain protein complexes in the nucleoplasm of diverse kinds
of cells. Using a novel set of highly sensitive and specific antibodies, bot...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research
Harms of screening mammography for breast cancer in Japanese women.Email this article to a colleague.
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CONCLUSIONS: The results, although preliminary, indicate the possibility that the harms of screening mammography for Japanese women are less than those for American women.
PMID: 22282164 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Breast Cancer)
Source: Breast Cancer - January 27, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kasahara Y, Kawai M, Tsuji I, Tohno E, Yokoe T, Irahara M, Tangoku A, Ohuchi N Tags: Breast Cancer Source Type: research
Hypoxia upregulates ovarian cancer invasiveness via the binding of HIF‐1α to a hypoxia‐induced, methylation free hypoxia response element (HRE) of S100A4 geneEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractHypoxia is known to play important roles in the development and progression of tumors. We previously demonstrated that S100A4, a critical molecule for metastasis, was upregulated in ovarian cancer cells. Therefore, we examined the mechanisms of the upregulation of S100A4 expression in ovarian carcinoma cells, with particular attention paid to the effects of hypoxia. The expression levels of S100A4 were found to be correlated with the invasiveness of ovarian carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo, and the upregulation of S100A4 expression was associated with hypomethylation of CpG sites in the 1st intron of S100A4 in ...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - January 27, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Akiko HoriuchiTakuma HayashiNorihiko KikuchiAkiko HayashiChiho FuseyaTanri ShiozawaIkuo Konishi Tags: Cancer Cell Biology Source Type: research
NEU4L sialidase overexpression promotes β‐catenin signalling in neuroblastoma cells, enhancing stem‐like malignant cell growthEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB) is a frequently lethal tumour that occurs in childhood and originates from embryonic neural crest cells. The malignant and aggressive phenotype of NB is strictly related to the de‐regulation of pivotal pathways governing the proliferation/differentiation status of neural crest precursor cells, such as MYCN, Delta/Notch, and Wnt/β‐catenin (CTNNB1) signalling. In this article, we demonstrate that sialidase NEU4L influences the differentiation/proliferation behaviour of NB SK‐N‐BE cells by determining hyperactivation of the Wnt/ß‐catenin signalling pathway. NEU4L overexpression in SK‐N...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - January 27, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cristina TringaliFederica CirilloGiuseppe LamorteNadia PapiniLuigi AnastasiaBarbara LupoIlaria SilvestriGuido TettamantiBruno Venerando Tags: Cancer Cell Biology Source Type: research
The regulation of cysteine cathepsins and cystatins in human gliomasEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractCysteine cathepsins play an important role in shaping the highly infiltrative growth pattern of human gliomas. We have previously demonstrated that the activity of cysteine cathepsins is elevated in invasive GBM cells in vitro, in part due to attenuation of their endogenous inhibitors, the cystatins. To investigate this relationship in vivo, we established U87‐MG xenografts in NOD/SCID‐eGFP mice. Here, tumour growth correlated with an elevated enzymatic activity of CatB both in the tumour core and at the periphery, whereas CatS and CatL levels were higher at the xenograft edge compared to the core. Reversely, S...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - January 27, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Boris GolePeter C HuszthyMara PopovićJera JerucYoussef S ArdebiliRolf BjerkvigTamara T Lah Tags: Cancer Cell Biology Source Type: research
Colorectal Serrated Adenocarcinoma shows a different profile of oncogene mutations, MSI status and DNA repair protein expression compared to Conventional and Sporadic MSI‐H carcinomasEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractMolecular characterization has been extensively studied in serrated polyps but very little is known in serrated adenocarcinomas (SACs). We analyzed the incidence of KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations, microsatellite instability (MSI) status and loss of the DNA repair proteins MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and MGMT in a series of 89 SAC, 81 matched conventional carcinomas (CC) and 13 sporadic colorectal cancer showing histological and molecular features of high‐level MSI (sMSI‐H). Our results demonstrate that KRAS are more prevalent than BRAF mutations in SAC (42.7% vs. 25.8%;p=0.011) being the KRAS‐mutated cases even more ab...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - January 27, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: J. García‐SolanoP. Conesa‐ZamoraP. CarbonellJ. Trujillo‐SantosD. Torres‐MorenoI. Pagán‐GómezE. Rodriguez‐BraunM. Pérez‐Guillermo Tags: Cancer Cell Biology Source Type: research
Targeting the enhancer of zeste homologue 2 in medulloblastomaEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractEnhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) is the catalytic subunit of Polycomb repressive complex 2 that catalyzes the trimethylation of histone H3 on Lys 27, and represses gene transcription. EZH2 enhances cancer‐cell proliferation and regulates stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that EZH2 is highly expressed in medulloblastoma, a highly malignant brain tumor of childhood, and this altered expression is correlated with genomic gain of chromosome 7 in a subset of medulloblastoma. Inhibition of EZH2 by RNAi suppresses medulloblastoma tumor cell growth. We show that 3‐deazaneplanocin A, a ...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - January 27, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Irina AlimovaSujatha VenkataramanPeter HarrisVictor E. MarquezPaul A NorthcottAdrian DubucMichael D TaylorNicholas K ForemanRajeev Vibhakar Tags: Cancer Cell Biology Source Type: research
TGFß1 inhibits lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation from mouse embryonic stem cellsEmail this article to a colleague.
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AbstractThe lymphatic vasculature is essential for the maintenance of tissue fluid, immune surveillance and dissemination of metastasis. Recently, several models for lymphatic vascular research and markers specific for lymphatic endothelium have been characterized. Despite these significant achievements, our understanding of the early lymphatic development is still rather limited. The purpose of the study was to further define early lymphatic differentiation regulatory pathways. In the present study, we have developed conditions leading to lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation under both serum‐rich and serum‐free ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Daniel VittetGalina MerdzhanovaMarie‐Hélène PrandiniJean‐Jacques FeigeSabine Bailly Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research
BCL-2 family member BOK is widely expressed but its loss has only minimal impact in miceEmail this article to a colleague.
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ser
& T Kaufmann (Source: Cell Death and Differentiation)
Source: Cell Death and Differentiation - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: F KeA VossJ B KerrL A O'ReillyL TaiN EcheverryP BouilletA StrasserT Kaufmann Tags: apoptosis BOK BAX BAK BCL-2 Source Type: research
IL-7Rα deficiency in p53null mice exacerbates thymocyte telomere erosion and lymphomagenesisEmail this article to a colleague.
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IL-7Rα deficiency in p53null mice exacerbates thymocyte telomere erosion and lymphomagenesis
Cell Death and Differentiation advance online publication, January 27, 2012.
doi:10.1038/cdd.2011.203
Authors: R Kibe, S Zhang, D Guo, L Marrero, F Tsien, P Rodriguez, S Khan, A Zieske, J Huang, W Li, S K Durum, T Iwakuma
& Y Cui (Source: Cell Death and Differentiation)
Source: Cell Death and Differentiation - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: R KibeS ZhangD GuoL MarreroF TsienP RodriguezS KhanA ZieskeJ HuangW LiS K DurumT IwakumaY Cui Tags: IL-7Rα p53 telomere dysfunction genomic instability lymphomagenesis Source Type: research
PED/PEA-15 induces autophagy and mediates TGF-beta1 effect on muscle cell differentiationEmail this article to a colleague.
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PED/PEA-15 induces autophagy and mediates TGF-beta1 effect on muscle cell differentiation
Cell Death and Differentiation advance online publication, January 27, 2012.
doi:10.1038/cdd.2011.201
Authors: S Iovino, F Oriente, G Botta, S Cabaro, V Iovane, O Paciello, D Viggiano, G Perruolo, P Formisano
& F Beguinot (Source: Cell Death and Differentiation)
Source: Cell Death and Differentiation - January 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: S IovinoF OrienteG BottaS CabaroV IovaneO PacielloD ViggianoG PerruoloP FormisanoF Beguinot Tags: skeletal muscle differentiation TGF-beta1 PED/PEA-15 autophagy Source Type: research
IL-23 Suppresses IL-10 in Gut [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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This study aims to elucidate the role of IL-23 in the suppression of IL-10 in the IBD intestinal mucosa. Surgically removed colon specimens were obtained from 16 IBD patients. The expressions of IL-10, IL-23, and IgA in the specimens were examined at the protein and gene transcriptional levels. The gene transcription of IL-10 was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and promoter accessibility assay. The levels of IgA and IL-10 were significantly lower, whereas the levels of IL-23 were higher, in IBD specimens than in normal controls. The levels of IgA and IL-10 were negatively correlated with the infiltration of...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Liu, Z., Feng, B.-S., Yang, S.-B., Chen, X., Su, J., Yang, P.-C. Tags: Immunology Source Type: research
Non-enzymatic Activities of LOXL2 [Signal Transduction]Email this article to a colleague.
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Lysyl oxidase-like-2 (LOXL2) induces tumor progression and fibrosis. It also inhibits the differentiation of keratinocytes promoting development of squamous cell carcinomas. Stimulation of HaCaT skin keratinocytes with exogenous LOXL2 or overexpression of LOXL2 in these cells inhibits their differentiation as manifested by inhibition of calcium or vitamin D-induced involucrin expression. The inhibition was abrogated by the LOXL2 function-blocking monoclonal antibody AB0023 as well as by an anti-LOXL2 polyclonal antibody. Surprisingly, a point-mutated form of LOXL2 (LOXL2Y689F) lacking enzymatic activity, as well as a LOXL2...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lugassy, J., Zaffryar-Eilot, S., Soueid, S., Mordoviz, A., Smith, V., Kessler, O., Neufeld, G. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
TRPC1 Reduces Calcium Permeability [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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Specific biological roles of the classical transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) are still largely elusive. To investigate the function of TRPC1 proteins in cell physiology, we studied heterologously expressed TRPC1 channels and found that recombinant TRPC1 subunits do not form functional homomeric channels. Instead, by electrophysiological analysis TRPC1 was shown to form functional heteromeric, receptor-operated channel complexes with TRPC3, -4, -5, -6, and -7 indicating that TRPC1 proteins can co-assemble with all members of the TRPC subfamily. In all TRPC1-containing heteromers, TRPC1 subunits significantly de...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Storch, U., Forst, A.-L., Philipp, M., Gudermann, T., Mederos y Schnitzler, M. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research
Nuclear Import of Hexokinase 2 [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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Hexokinase 2 (Hxk2) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was one of the first metabolic enzymes described as a multifunctional protein. Hxk2 has a double subcellular localization and role, it functions as a glycolytic enzyme in the cytoplasm and as a regulator of gene transcription of several Mig1-regulated genes in the nucleus. However, the mechanism by which Hxk2 enters in the nucleus was unknown until now. Here, we report that the Hxk2 protein is an import substrate of the carriers α-importin (Kap60 in yeast) and β-importin (Kap95 in yeast). We also show that the Hxk2 nuclear import and the binding of Hxk2 with Kap60 are glu...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Pelaez, R., Fernandez–Garcia, P., Herrero, P., Moreno, F. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research
NF-{kappa}B Effect on Type I Collagen Expression in Human Fibroblasts [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, our findings highlight a new mechanism for COL1A1 transcriptional regulation by NF-κB, and these data could allow the development of new antifibrotic strategies. (Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry)
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beauchef, G., Bigot, N., Kypriotou, M., Renard, E., Poree, B., Widom, R., Dompmartin–Blanchere, A., Oddos, T., Maquart, F. &n. ;X., Demoor, M., Boumediene, K., Galera, P. Tags: Gene Regulation Source Type: research
Membrane Fusion Specificity of Vacuolar SNAREs [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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In eukaryotic endomembrane systems, Qabc-SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) on one membrane and R-SNARE on the opposing membrane assemble into a trans-QabcR-SNARE complex to drive membrane fusion. However, it remains ambiguous whether pairing of Qabc- and R-SNAREs mediates membrane fusion specificity. Here, we explored the fusion specificity of reconstituted proteoliposomes bearing purified SNAREs in yeast vacuoles and other organelles. We found that not only vacuolar R-SNARE Nyv1p but also the non-cognate R-SNAREs, endosomal Snc2p, and endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi Sec22p caused ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Izawa, R., Onoue, T., Furukawa, N., Mima, J. Tags: Membrane Biology Source Type: research
p15 Polyproline Helix Fusion Peptide [Membrane Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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We present a model for the mechanism of action of this novel viral fusion peptide, whereby the N-terminal myristate mediates initial, reversible peptide-membrane binding that is stabilized by subsequent amino acid-membrane interactions. These interactions induce a biphasic membrane fusion reaction, with peptide-induced liposome aggregation representing a distinct, rate-limiting event that precedes membrane merger. Although the prolines in the proline-rich motif do not directly interact with membranes, the PPII helix may function to force solvent exposure of hydrophobic amino acid side chains in the regions flanking the hel...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Top, D., Read, J. A., Dawe, S. J., Syvitski, R. T., Duncan, R. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
Role of the Carbonic Anhydrase IX in Cell Migration [Molecular Bases of Disease]Email this article to a colleague.
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Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a hypoxia-induced cell surface enzyme expressed in solid tumors, and functionally involved in acidification of extracellular pH and destabilization of intercellular contacts. Since both extracellular acidosis and reduced cell adhesion facilitate invasion and metastasis, we investigated the role of CA IX in cell migration, which promotes the metastatic cascade. As demonstrated here, ectopically expressed CA IX increases scattering, wound healing and transwell migration of MDCK cells, while an inactive CA IX variant lacking the catalytic domain (ΔCA) fails to do so. Correspondingly, hypoxic ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Svastova, E., Witarski, W., Csaderova, L., Kosik, I., Skvarkova, L., Hulikova, A., Zatovicova, M., Barathova, M., Kopacek, J., Pastorek, J., Pastorekova, S. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
Caldesmon Regulates Axon Extension [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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To begin the process of forming neural circuits, new neurons first establish their polarity and extend their axon. Axon extension is guided and regulated by highly coordinated cytoskeletal dynamics. Here we demonstrate that in hippocampal neurons, the actin-binding protein caldesmon accumulates in distal axons, and its N-terminal interaction with myosin II enhances axon extension. In cortical neural progenitor cells, caldesmon knockdown suppresses axon extension and neuronal polarity. These results indicate that caldesmon is an important regulator of axon development. (Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry)
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Morita, T., Mayanagi, T., Sobue, K. Tags: Neurobiology Source Type: research
Calmodulin Regulates the EGF Receptor [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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Calmodulin (CaM) is the major component of calcium signaling pathways mediating the action of various effectors. Transient increases in the intracellular calcium level triggered by a variety of stimuli lead to the formation of Ca2+/CaM complexes, which interact with and activate target proteins. In the present study the role of Ca2+/CaM in the regulation of the ligand-dependent activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been examined in living cells. We show that addition of different cell permeable CaM antagonists to cultured cells or loading cells with a Ca2+ chelator inhibited ligand-dependent EGFR au...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Li, H., Panina, S., Kaur, A., Ruano, M. J., Sanchez–Gonzalez, P., la Cour, J. M., Stephan, A., Olesen, U. H., Berchtold, M. W., Villalobo, A. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research
Role of Mitophagy in Yeast [Protein Synthesis and Degradation]Email this article to a colleague.
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In mammalian cells, the autophagy-dependent degradation of mitochondria (mitophagy) is thought to maintain mitochondrial quality by eliminating damaged mitochondria. However, the physiological importance of mitophagy has not been clarified in yeast. Here, we investigated the physiological role of mitophagy in yeast using mitophagy-deficient atg32- or atg11-knock-out cells. When wild-type yeast cells in respiratory growth encounter nitrogen starvation, mitophagy is initiated, excess mitochondria are degraded, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from mitochondria is suppressed; as a result, the mitochondria escape o...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kurihara, Y., Kanki, T., Aoki, Y., Hirota, Y., Saigusa, T., Uchiumi, T., Kang, D. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
Defective SOCE Alters IFN Responses [Immunology]Email this article to a colleague.
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Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is an essential process in T cell activation. SOCE is controlled by the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel encoded by the gene Orai1 that is expressed on the plasma membrane and activated by STIM1 when ER Ca2+ stores are depleted. Our earlier work showed that a somatic T-cell line Jurkat mutant H123 bearing a defect in Ca2+ signaling was susceptible to the apoptotic effects of type I interferons (IFN-α/β). The nature of the mutation and whether this mutation was linked to IFN-α/β apoptotic susceptibility was unknown. Here we show that H123 cells lacked Orai1 and exhibit reduced ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yue, C., Soboloff, J., Gamero, A. M. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
Structure of Smooth Muscle Tropomyosin [Cell Biology]Email this article to a colleague.
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We describe structures of N-terminal fragments of smooth muscle Tmα and Tmβ (sm-Tmα and sm-Tmβ). The 2.0-Å structure of sm-Tmα81 (81-aa) resembles that of skeletal Tmα, displaying a similar super-helical twist matching the contours of the actin filament. The 1.8-Å structure of sm-Tmα98 (98-aa) unexpectedly reveals an antiparallel coiled coil, with the two chains staggered by only 4 amino acids and displaying hydrophobic core interactions similar to those of the parallel dimer. In contrast, the 2.5-Å structure of sm-Tmβ98, containing Gly-Ala-Ser at the N terminus to mimic acetylation, reveals a parallel coiled co...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 27, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Rao, J. N., Rivera-Santiago, R., Li, X. E., Lehman, W., Dominguez, R. Tags: Protein Structure and Folding Source Type: research
