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Quadriplegia and Paraplegia Information and Infographic
The infographic below contains information regarding the difference between Quadriplegia and Paraplegia, including vertebra and spinal functions. (Source: Disabled World)
Source: Disabled World - May 18, 2013 Category: Disability Tags: Disability Information Source Type: news

9. Phenotypic variability in Mabry syndrome: Hyperphosphatasia with seizures and neurologic deficit
Hyperphosphatasia with neurologic deficit (Mabry syndrome) was first described in a single family (OMIM#239300) by . Although considered rare at the time, more than 20 individuals with the triad of developmental disability, seizures, and hyperphosphatasia have been identified world-wide. The 1–6 mannosyltransferase 2, phosphatidylinositol glycan V (PIGV) gene has been found to be disrupted in some patients with the additional feature of brachytelephalangy. To date, approximately 50% of these patients have been identified to be either homozygous or compound homozygous for PIGV mutations. Here we present four cases with PI...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 18, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Miles D. Thompson, Frances J. Sharom, John A. Phillips, Peter N. Robinson, David E.C. Cole, Danielle M. Andrade Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

Antibiotics May Relieve Back Pain Symptoms
WebMD Medical News By Peter Russell Reviewed by Farah Ahmed, MD May 10, 2013 — Taking antibiotics could relieve symptoms of chronic lower back pain for up to 40% of people, according to a new study. Danish researchers say they’ve found a link between many cases of back pain and infection from bacteria. Some experts have questioned how many people are likely to benefit from this treatment. Others have cautioned that boosting antibiotic use in the face of growing resistance could be counterproductive and lead to more superbugs. Widespread Complaint Back pain is a common condition, affecting about 4 out of 5 pe...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - May 17, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: mreal197 Tags: WebMD News Source Type: news

DitzAbled Princess - A Comic with a Difference
It's a comic strip - It also happens to be revolutionary - "Ha, ha," you may chuckle. (Source: Disabled World)
Source: Disabled World - May 17, 2013 Category: Disability Tags: Communication Source Type: news

Grant Writing for a Wheelchair Van
There's no question that wheelchair vans and other mobility equipment make a world of difference in the lives of people with disabilities. Unfortunately, for many individuals and families who have already spent significant money on medical expenses, the cost of a handicap van or power chair may be out of reach. Loans must be repaid, but grant money does not. (Source: Disabled World)
Source: Disabled World - May 17, 2013 Category: Disability Tags: Private Disability Transport Source Type: news

The Story Of Fat Alfie: Very Young Children Appear To Reject Story Characters Who Are Obese
New research presented as the European Congress on Obesity (ECO) in Liverpool, UK, shows that very young children appear to reject story book characters who are overweight, but not those who are disabled. The research is by Professor Andrew Hill, Dr Sarah Harrison, and Dr Maddie Rowlinson, University of Leeds, UK. Previous research has suggested that, far from improving over time, the attitudes and perceptions of children to obesity may have deteriorated since the 1960s... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 17, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness Source Type: news

Why Some African Americans Don't Call 9-1-1 Immediately For Stroke Symptoms
African-Americans know the signs of stroke, but concerns about medical cost, ambulance response time and unfamiliarity with the need for prompt hospital care impacted whether they called 9-1-1 immediately. A study that included 77 African-Americans in Flint, Mich., revealed barriers among adults and youth in getting help for stroke which is significantly higher among African-Americans and leads to more deaths and disability... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 17, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news

VIDEO: Disability benefit assessments 'unfair'
A doctor who worked for the private company which assesses people for disability benefits says its methods are "unfair". (Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition)
Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition - May 16, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Letters: Boycott of Israel is a personal choice
In their letter (15 May), condemning Professor Hawking for not going to a conference in Israel, professors Michael Yudkin and Denis Noble state that the international code that governs the conduct of all scientists requires them to refrain from discrimination "based on such factors as ethnic origin, religion, citizenship, language, political or other opinion, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, disability, or age" (statute 5 of the International Council for Science). I think that they are being a little ingenuous. I have been attending scientific meetings and congresses in all parts of the world for over 50 years, an...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - May 16, 2013 Category: Science Tags: The Guardian Middle East and North Africa Israel World news Letters Stephen Hawking Science Source Type: news

People with Disabilities - Accommodation Vs. Inclusion
The concepts of Accommodation and Inclusion are difficult for some people to tell the difference between, as expressed by some of the people who are even close to those of us who experience forms of disabilities. When I asked a person I know what the difference was between these two things, they looked at me and said they really didn't get it. After all, wasn't accommodation of the needs of people who experience forms of disabilities including them? Let's begin with a description of what it means to accommodate people with disabilities. (Source: Disabled World)
Source: Disabled World - May 16, 2013 Category: Disability Tags: Disability Information Source Type: news

Benefit assessments 'are unfair'
A doctor, who worked for the private company which assesses people for disability benefits, says its methods are "unfair". (Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition)
Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition - May 16, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Falls and fractures among older adults living in long-term care
CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of falls and fractures highlights the fragility of the individuals living in long-term care. Special attention should be paid to older adults and those with hospital admissions in the last year. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia - May 16, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Kenya: Links Growing Between HIV and Disability
[The Star]The growing relationship between HIV/AIDS and disability is an emerging issue and cause for concern as persons with disabilities are at higher risk of exposure to HIV. There is a growing understanding that persons living with HIV or AIDS are also at risk of becoming disabled on a permanent or episodic basis as a result of their condition. (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)
Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine - May 16, 2013 Category: African Health Source Type: news

NASA's planet-hunting Kepler telescope disabled
Officials are uncertain whether a malfunctioning wheel means the end of the Kepler mission, which has helped identify scores of exoplanets orbiting stars in the Milky Way.Planet-hunting scientists were dealt a major blow Wednesday when NASA officials announced that a crucial wheel on the Kepler space telescope had ceased to function and that the craft had been placed in safe mode. (Source: Los Angeles Times - Science)
Source: Los Angeles Times - Science - May 16, 2013 Category: Science Source Type: news

Barriers and facilitators of sports in Dutch Paralympic athletes: An explorative study
This study indicated that barriers of sport were mostly environmental, while facilitators were usually personal factors. Attitude and subjective norm were considered the most important components for intention to participation in sports. The facilitators outweighed the barriers and kept the athletes being active in sports. (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports)
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports - May 16, 2013 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: E. A. Jaarsma, J. H. B. Geertzen, R. Jong, P. U. Dijkstra, R. Dekker Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Genetic risk for schizophrenia is connected to reduced IQ
(Elsevier) The relationship between the heritable risk for schizophrenia and low intelligence has not been clear. Schizophrenia is commonly associated with cognitive impairments that may cause functional disability. There are clues that reduced IQ may be linked to the risk for developing schizophrenia. For example, reduced cognitive ability may precede the onset of schizophrenia symptoms. Also, these deficits may be present in healthy relatives of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)
Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science - May 16, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

In conversation with Paul Burstow
(Source: British Journal of Learning Disabilities)
Source: British Journal of Learning Disabilities - May 16, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: Andrew Holman Tags: In Conversation Source Type: research

Mutations in the Intellectual Disability Gene Ube2a Cause Neuronal Dysfunction and Impair Parkin-Dependent Mitophagy
Dominik M. Haddad, Sven Vilain, Melissa Vos, Giovanni Esposito, Samer Matta, Vera M. Kalscheuer, Katleen Craessaerts, Maarten Leyssen, Rafaella M.P. Nascimento, Angela M. Vianna-Morgante, Bart De Strooper, Hilde Van Esch, Vanessa A. Morais, Patrik Verstreken. The prevalence of intellectual disability is around 3%; however, the etiology of the disease remains unclear in most cases. We identified a series of patients with X-linked intellectual disability.... (Source: Molecular Cell)
Source: Molecular Cell - May 15, 2013 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Brain rewires itself after damage or injury, life scientists discover
When the brain's primary "learning center" is damaged, complex new neural circuits arise to compensate for the lost function, say life scientists from UCLA and Australia who have pinpointed the regions of the brain involved in creating those alternate pathways — often far from the damaged site. The research, conducted by UCLA's Michael Fanselow and Moriel Zelikowsky in collaboration with Bryce Vissel, a group leader of the neuroscience research program at Sydney's Garvan Institute of Medical Research, appears this week in the early online edition of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - May 15, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Comparison of the serious injury pattern of adult bicyclists, between South-West Netherlands and the State of Victoria, Australia 2001–2009
Abstract: Background: Head injury is the leading cause of death and long term disability from bicycle injuries and may be prevented by helmet wearing. We compared the pattern of injury in major trauma victims resulting from bicyclist injury admitted to hospitals in the State of Victoria, Australia and South-West Netherlands, with respective high and low prevalence of helmet use among bicyclists.Methods: A cohort of bicycle injured patients with serious injury (defined as Injury Severity Score>15) in South-West Netherlands, was compared to a cohort of serious injured bicyclists in the State of Victoria, Australia. Additiona...
Source: Injury - May 15, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Pinar Yilmaz, Belinda J. Gabbe, Francis T. McDermott, Esther M.M. Van Lieshout, Pleunie P.M. Rood, Terrence M. Mulligan, Peter Patka, Peter A. Cameron Tags: Clinical papers Source Type: research

Trauma registries in developing countries: A review of the published experience
Conclusion: Amongst the small number of trauma registries in developing countries, there is a large variation in processes. The implementation of trauma systems with trauma registries is feasible in under-resourced environments where they are desperately needed. (Source: Injury)
Source: Injury - May 15, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Gerard M. O’Reilly, Manjul Joshipura, Peter A. Cameron, Russell Gruen Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Visual Field Staging Systems in Glaucoma and the Activities of Daily Living
Kulkarni and associates present an important study by correlating different scoring systems of visual field defects in glaucoma patients with their vision-related functional impairment. Not only did they implement the most commonly used questionnaire instrument in ophthalmology, the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25), functional impairment also was assessed by performance-based measurements (the Assessment of Disability Related to Vision Test [ADREV]). This is a very important and relatively new approach to obtain an idea of the real-life functional impairment of the glaucoma patient....
Source: American Journal of Ophthalmology - May 15, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Christoph Hirneiss Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Reply
We thank DR Hirneiss for his interest in our study. We agree that the absolute value of the difference in correlation coefficients was small when comparing visual field (VF) scores with the total Assessment of Disability Related to Vision score and the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire score in the better and worse eye. However, we find it noteworthy that after adjusting for age, race, and visual acuity, the VF score in the better eye was correlated more highly with visual functioning across all VF staging systems, Assessment of Disability Related to Vision subtest scores, and 25-item National Ey...
Source: American Journal of Ophthalmology - May 15, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Kaushal M. Kulkarni, Jason R. Mayer, Luciano L. Lorenzana, Jonathan S. Myers, George L. Spaeth Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Nursing Home Sued for Violating Woman's End-of-Life Directive
Hospital, Nursing Home Sued for Violating 91-year-old Dying Woman’s End-of-Life Directive - Daughter Had to Decide to Remove Mother’s Ventilator to End Her Suffering. (Source: Disabled World)
Source: Disabled World - May 15, 2013 Category: Disability Tags: End of Life Care Source Type: news

A trajectory-based approach to understand the factors associated with persistent depressive symptoms in primary care
Conclusions: Most symptom trajectories remained static, suggesting that depression, as it presents in primary care, is not always an episodic disorder. The findings indicate future directions for building prognostic models to distinguish those who are likely to have a mild course from those who are likely to follow more severe trajectories. Determining appropriate clinical responses based upon a likely depression course requires further research. (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - May 15, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Jane Gunn, Peter Elliott, Konstancja Densley, Aves Middleton, Gilles Ambresin, Christopher Dowrick, Helen Herrman, Kelsey Hegarty, Gail Gilchrist, Frances Griffiths Tags: Research reports Source Type: research

Judge: Reliance On Employability Analysis, Record Reviews Reasonable
NASHVILLE, Tenn. - An ERISA-governed disability insurer that terminated benefits to a claimant with arthritis acted reasonably, a Tennessee federal judge ruled May 6 (Arlene Cook v. The Hartford, et al., No. 3-12-0749, M.D. Tenn.; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 64125). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Benefit Denial Was Abuse Of Discretion, Judge Holds
SALT LAKE CITY - An ERISA-governed disability insurer that denied benefits to a claimant with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, back pain and arthritis abused its discretion, a Utah federal judge ruled April 24 (Cheryl E. Krum v. Hartford Life and Accident Insurance Co., No. 2:11-932, D. Utah; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 58909). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Judge: Remand For Full And Fair Claim Review Warranted
CINCINNATI - An Ohio federal judge on April 16 reversed a grant of summary judgment to an insurer on its decision to deny long-term disability benefits to a claimant who underwent brain surgery. The judge ordered the claim remanded for a full and fair review of whether she is capable of performing the duties of her occupation (Karen Connors v. Life Insurance Company of North America, No. 2:12-cv-073, S.D. Ohio; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 54032). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Denial Of Benefits Was Reasonably Supported, Judge Holds
DENVER - An ERISA-governed disability insurer's denial of long-term disability benefits to a claimant with anxiety disorder and depression was reasonable, a Colorado federal judge ruled April 24 (Ted Rall v. Aetna Life Insurance Co., No. 12-cv-00184, D. Colo.; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 58617). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Judge: Evidence Supports Administrator's Decision To Deny Benefits
HARRISON, Ark. - An ERISA-governed disability plan administrator that terminated benefits to a claimant during a plan's any-occupation coverage period acted reasonably, an Arkansas federal judge ruled April 19 (Keith R. Crosby v. Eaton Corp., No. 3:11-CV-03084, W.D. Ark.; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 56406). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Termination Of Benefits Was Not Arbitrary, Capricious, 11th Circuit Holds
ATLANTA - A disability plan insurer did not violate the Employee Retirement Income Security Act by terminating long-term disability benefits because the insurer reasonably relied on the opinions of an independent medical examiner and a vocational rehabilitation consultant, the 11th Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals affirmed April 29 in an unpublished opinion (Patricia Herring v. Aetna Life Insurance Company, No. 12-15864, 11th Cir.; 2013 U.S. App. LEXIS 8667). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Divided 6th Circuit Upholds Denial Of Disability Benefits
CINCINNATI - An insurer did not act arbitrarily or capriciously in denying a claim for total and permanent disability benefits, even though it recited an incorrect definition of disability in its initial denial letter, because it applied the correct definition during the administrative process, the Sixth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals ruled 2-1 on March 25 (Thomas Judge v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, No. 12-1092, 6th Cir.; 2013 U.S. App. LEXIS 6710). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

'Thorough investigation' By Insurer Leads Judge To Dismiss Bad Faith Claim
KNOXVILLE, Tenn. - Although a Tennessee federal judge on April 11 found that a policyholder's breach of contract claim survived his insurer's dismissal motion, the judge disposed of an accompanying bad faith claim, finding "legitimate grounds" for the insurer's denial of benefits under a total disability policy (Stephen Bowery v. Berkshire Life Insurance Company of America, No. 3:11-cv-00003, E.D. Tenn.; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 52234). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Judge: Action Not Barred By Equitable Estoppel
BROOKLYN, N.Y. - A claimant's action against his individual disability insurer seeking benefits for separate claims of disability for mental illness is not barred by equitable estoppel or fraud, a New York federal judge ruled April 19 (Rao Suryadevara v. Unum Group, No. 12-CIV-3651, E.D. N.Y.; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 56641). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Attorney Sanctions For Opening Statements Was Proper, Court Rules
CINCINNATI - The Sixth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals on April 26 upheld a lower court's order of sanctions against a disability claimant's counsel who started opening statements by accusing the insurer of committing "corporate greed" (James Sabatine v. Paul Revere Life Insurance Co., No. 12-3719, 6th Cir.; 2013 U.S. App. LEXIS 8579). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

High Court Will Address Limitations Period, Notice In ERISA Benefits-Denial Action
WASHINGTON, D.C. - The U.S. Supreme Court on April 15 agreed to review a Second Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals unpublished order upholding dismissal of a wrongful denial of disability benefits action under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (Julie Heimeshoff v. Hartford Life & Accident Insurance Co., et al., No. 12-729, U.S. Sup.). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

De Novo Standard Of Review Is Proper, Judge Held
CHICAGO - An Illinois federal judge on April 25 ruled that the proper standard of review is de novo in an ERISA-governed insurer's benefit termination decision (Lilian Borich v. Life Insurance Company of North America, et al., No. 12-C-734, N.D. Ill.; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 59674). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Judge: Untimely Response Does Not Change Standard Of Review
LOUISVILLE, Ky. - A deemed denial after an insurer's failure to issue a timely decision as required under ERISA is not a default for a change of the standard of review, a Kentucky federal judge ruled May 8 (Boyd Van Winkle Jr. v. Life Insurance Company of North America, et al., No. 12-253, E.D. Ky.; 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 65539). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Law Prohibiting Discretionary Clauses Requires De Novo Review, Federal Judge Says
CHICAGO - An Illinois statute prohibiting discretionary clauses in insurance policies applies to a disability policy governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, where the policy was renewed and the insurer terminated the participant's disability benefits after the statute was adopted, a federal judge in Illinois ruled May 1 (Zaccone v. Standard Life Insurance Company, No. 10 CV 00033, N.D. Ill.). (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News)
Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Disability Insurance Legal News - May 15, 2013 Category: Medical Law Source Type: news

Who opposes rights for persons with physical and intellectual disabilities?
This study was designed to gain a better understanding of why certain individuals might oppose expanded rights for people who have disabilities. Pearson's correlations revealed that individuals high on social dominance orientation (SDO) and right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA) were more likely to reject rights for persons with intellectual and physical disabilities than individuals scoring lower on these factors. Structural equation analyses indicated that both SDO and RWA are directly implicated in opposition to expanded rights for these groups. Moreover, the effects of SDO on rights attitudes appear to be mediated through...
Source: Journal of Applied Social Psychology - May 15, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: H. Michael Crowson, Joyce A. Brandes, Rebecca J. Hurst Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Expanding the phenotype of IQSEC2 mutations: truncating mutations in severe intellectual disability
enevieve Lefort, Pierre Sarda, Anne Moncla, Severine Drunat, Dagmar Wieczorek & David Genevieve (Source: European Journal of Human Genetics)
Source: European Journal of Human Genetics - May 15, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Frederic Tran Mau-ThemMarjolaine WillemsBeate AlbrechtElodie SanchezJacques PuechbertySabine EndeleAnouck SchneiderNathalie Ruiz PallaresChantal MissirianFrancois RivierManon GirardMuriel HolderSylvie ManouvrierIsabelle TouitouGenevieve LefortPierre Sarda Tags: syndromic X-linked intellectual disability microcephaly IQSEC2-truncating mutations Source Type: research

Ten Years of Research: A Systematic Review of Three Refereed LD Journals
Content analyses of journals in the field of LD provide a means of surveying research and publication trends, the knowledge of which may inform policy and practice related to future research agendas. As the first decade of the current millennium was particularly contentious for the field of LD, we felt that a content review would be timely. In this paper, the content of three refereed LD journals—Journal of Learning Disabilities, Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, and Learning Disabilities Quarterly—was analyzed. Articles from 2001–2010 (n = 841) were systematically coded to capture article type, area of ...
Source: Learning Disabilities Research and Practice - May 15, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: Laura McFarland, Jacob Williams, Jeremy Miciak Tags: Research Source Type: research

Relation and Interactions Among Reading Fluency and Competence for Adult Education Learners
Statistical analyses of data from an academically diverse sample of 276 adult basic and secondary education learners extends understanding of the relation of and interactions between oral reading fluency and reading competence indices. Significant interactions between total word rate and word error rate that differed in relation to two measures of reading competence suggest that adult literacy instructors should emphasize fluency instruction to a greater or lesser degree depending on whether the major goal of instruction is academic reading (e.g., being able to comprehend a textbook) or functional reading (e.g., being able...
Source: Learning Disabilities Research and Practice - May 15, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: Daryl F. Mellard, Emily E. Fall, Kari L. Woods Tags: Research Source Type: research

Training for Generalization and Maintenance in RtI Implementation: Front‐Loading for Sustainability
This article applied the Stokes and Baer (1977) framework for programming for generalization and maintenance of behavior change to suggest specific activities in which schools could engage to better ensure RtI sustainability. We specifically discussed ways to (1) introduce to natural maintaining contingencies, (2) train with sufficient exemplars, (3) train loosely, (4) program common stimuli, (5) mediate generalization, and (6) train to generalize. Directions for future research are included. (Source: Learning Disabilities Research and Practice)
Source: Learning Disabilities Research and Practice - May 15, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: Matthew K. Burns, Andrea M. Egan, Amy K. Kunkel, Jennifer McComas, Meredith M. Peterson, Naomi L. Rahn, Jennifer Wilson Tags: Research Source Type: research

The Effect of a Noise Reducing Test Accommodation on Elementary Students with Learning Disabilities
Researchers in the fields of cognitive psychology and education have been studying the negative effects of noise on human performance for almost a century. A new empirical study that builds upon past relevant research on (1) test accommodations and (2) auditory distraction and academic performance was conducted with elementary age students. Reading comprehension tasks were completed by students with and without learning disabilities while wearing and not wearing noise‐reducing headphones. Results of three independent statistical analyses are presented. Implications, limitations, and the need for future research are also ...
Source: Learning Disabilities Research and Practice - May 15, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: Gregory W. Smith, Paul J. Riccomini Tags: Research Source Type: research