Forensic Medicine Research 
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 39.
A study of the potential risk of gunshot residue transfer from special units of the police to arrested suspects
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Abstract: The presence of gunshot residues (GSRs) on arrested suspects can help the Court to form an opinion regarding the possibility of utilization of firearms by these suspects. Since the presence of a few particles can in some cases already have a strong indicative value, the GSR experts have to evaluate in their daily work the risk of a potential contamination of these suspects during their arrest. A few studies conducted on police officers and police facilities concluded that the risk of secondary transfer on arrested suspects is quite negligible. However, the case of special force units of the police should be taken...
Source: Forensic Science International - September 21, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Sébastien Charles, Nadia Geusens Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
New soft tissue correction factors for stature estimation: Results from magnetic resonance imagingEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: In stature reconstruction using Fully's method, it is essential that a soft tissue correction factor be added to skeletal height in order to obtain an estimate of living stature. While some anthropologists consider Fully's method to be the most reliable for stature estimation, others consider it to be inadequate as it seems to be underestimating living stature, possibly due to an error in the magnitude of Fully's soft tissue factors. A recent study by Raxter and co-workers revised Fully's technique and also presented a new “universally applicable” soft tissue correction factor. The present study examines the ...
Source: Forensic Science International - September 21, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Mubarak Ariyo Bidmos, Paul Robert Manger Tags: Forensic Anthropology Population Data Source Type: research
Tests of one Brazilian facial reconstruction method using three soft tissue depth sets and familiar assessorsEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study aims to perform three different characterized digital forensic facial reconstructions (with hair, eyelashes and eyebrows) of a Brazilian subject (based on an international pattern and two Brazilian patterns for soft facial tissue thickness), and evaluate the digital forensic facial reconstructions comparing them to photos of the individual and other nine subjects. The DICOM data of the Computed Tomography (CT) donated by a volunteer were converted into stereolitography (STL) files and used for the creation of the digital facial reconstructions. Once the three reconstructions were performed, they were compared to...
Source: Forensic Science International - September 21, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Clemente Maia S. Fernandes, Mônica da Costa Serra, Jorge Vicente Lopes da Silva, Pedro Yoshito Noritomi, Frederico David Alencar de Sena Pereira, Rodolfo Francisco Haltenhoff Melani Tags: Forensic Anthropology Population Data Source Type: research
Performance Evaluation and Optimization of Multiplex PCRs for the Highly Discriminating OSU 10-Locus Set Y-STRs*(,†).Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
In a previous study, a new set of Y-chromosome short tandem repeats, the OSU 10-locus set (MPM1 and MPM2), was shown to have a higher discrimination power when evaluated against the 10 SWGDAM loci on a common population panel. Here, we describe the optimization of the multiplex reactions using dye-labeled primers followed by performance evaluations. The loci exhibited high precision, human male specificity, reliability in different body fluids, high sensitivity, stability, and the ability to amplify nonprobative casework and mixture samples. Stutter for the all of the loci, with the exception of the hi...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 21, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Hanson E, Maybruck JL, Ballantyne J, Fuerst PA Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
The Use of a 3-D Laser Scanner to Document Ephemeral Evidence at Crime Scenes and Postmortem Examinations.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Proper documentation of physical evidence at both crimes scenes and postmortem examination is crucial for downstream analysis, interpretation, and presentation in court. Ephemeral or transient evidence poses particular challenges to investigators, as its very nature renders it difficult or impossible to seize and maintain in its original physical state. The use of a hand-held three-dimensional (3-D) laser scanner is proposed to capture and document such evidence, both in the field and at autopsy. Advantages of the scanner over traditional means of documentation such as photography or casting include th...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 21, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Komar DA, Davy-Jow S, Decker SJ Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Watch for Those Fragments of Evidence: The Use of an Automatic Timepiece to Help Correlate a Helicopter Crash Site from the Vietnam War*(,†).Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
This case study illustrates the use of the date function on an automatic wristwatch to help identify a Vietnam War helicopter crash site. The location of a crash incident can sometimes be uncertain because of inadequate or inaccurate wartime records and the passage of time. Artifacts recovered from a prospective crash scene are regularly used to correlate the loss incident. In this case study, a recovered automatic watch displayed a date 2 days later than the reported loss incident. Although the date conflicts with the aircraft crash incident report, it is observed that a fully wound automatic watch ...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 21, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Tuller H, Paolello JM Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Determination of Sex from Juvenile Crania by Means of Discriminant Function Analysis*(,†).Email this article to a colleague.
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This study provides evidence of craniofacial growth variation between the sexes in juveniles of European descent. Data were collected from lateral cephalometric radiographs belonging to the Michigan Craniofacial Growth Study. The collection consists of longitudinal lateral radiographs that represent individuals 5-16 years of age. Each radiograph was manually traced on hyprint vellum from which eight craniometric points were identified. From these points, 20 craniofacial measurements were recorded and then analyzed by means of a canonical discriminant function analysis. Sex classification equations were then created by ap...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 21, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Gonzalez RA Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Psychological Autopsy in the Investigation of Serial Neonaticides.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
While the use of psychological autopsies has at least a 50-year history in the investigation of equivocal deaths and suicides, we report a case where, after the discovery of a woman who died of natural causes, a subsequent search of her home found three deceased newborn infants. The infants were born on three separate occasions; the most recent was delivered approximately 2 weeks before the death of the mother. Using her own diaries and interviews with family and friends along with the physical autopsy and scene investigation data, we built a psychological autopsy that addressed the mother's mental s...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 21, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Burton S, Thomas Dalby J Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Managing the public health risk of a 'sex worker' with hepatitis B infection: legal and ethical considerationsEmail this article to a colleague.
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This paper examines the ethical issues faced by health workers managing a fictional case of a female sex worker who is hepatitis B positive with a high level of virus but is asymptomatic. According to guidelines she does not require treatment herself, but is potentially highly infectious to others. Recent legal cases in the UK show it can be criminal to pass on HIV or hepatitis B infection sexually if the risk is known and the partner has not been informed. However, there is no statute or case law showing that health workers are required to intervene to prevent such a potential ‘crime’, particularly when the pa...
Source: Journal of Medical Ethics - September 21, 2011 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Poll, R. Tags: HIV/AIDS, Sexual health, Confidentiality, Legal and forensic medicine, Health education Public health ethics Source Type: research
In defence of personal autonomyEmail this article to a colleague.
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In their Principles of biomedical ethics, Tom L Beauchamp and James F Childress take ‘respect for autonomy’ to be one basic principle of contemporary biomedical ethics. There is widespread agreement that respect for autonomy is deeply rooted in modern common morality, but little agreement exists about its nature, scope or strength. This is why they emphasise right at the beginning that in principlism the principle of respect for autonomy is concerned with individuals' actions (p1031). Originally the term ‘autonomy’ referred to the self-rule or self-governance of independent (Greek) city states and l...
Source: Journal of Medical Ethics - September 21, 2011 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Quante, M. Tags: Informed consent, Legal and forensic medicine Theoretical ethics Source Type: research
A multi‐method evaluation of a training course on dual diagnosisEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study implies that service providers within mental health and addiction services benefit from inter‐professional, needs and skills based courses incorporating a variety of teaching methods. The way forward for future dual diagnosis training course developments would be working in partnership with service users and carers.
Source: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing - September 20, 2011 Category: Nursing Authors: S. RANI, H. BYRNE Source Type: research
Evidence supporting restrictions on uses of body diagrams in forensic interviews.Email this article to a colleague.
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CONCLUSIONS: The two props that are characteristic of BDF interviewing have different effects on testimonial accuracy. Recording answers on a flip board during presubstantive phases does not influence the quality of information that children provide. Body diagrams, however, suggest answers to children and elicit a concerning number of false reports. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Until research identifies procedures and/or case characteristics associated with accurate reports of touching during diagram-assisted questioning, interviewers should initiate discussions about touching with open-ended questions delivered without a body d...
Source: Child Abuse and Neglect - September 20, 2011 Category: Child Development Authors: Poole DA, Dickinson JJ Tags: Child Abuse Negl Source Type: research
A multi‐method evaluation of a training course on dual diagnosisEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study implies that service providers within mental health and addiction services benefit from inter‐professional, needs and skills based courses incorporating a variety of teaching methods. The way forward for future dual diagnosis training course developments would be working in partnership with service users and carers.
Source: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing - September 20, 2011 Category: Nursing Authors: S. RANIH. BYRNE Source Type: research
Forensic mental health, concepts, systems and practice. Edited by Annie Bartlett and Gill McGauley. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 2010, 410 pp. Paperback, ISBN 978‐0‐19‐856685‐4 (PbK)Email this article to a colleague.
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Source: Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health - September 19, 2011 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Janet Parrott Tags: Book Review Source Type: research
Handbook of forensic mental health. Edited by Keith Soothill, Paul Rogers and Mairead Doland. Willan Publishing, Culmcott House, Mill Street, Uffculme, Cullompton, Devon, UK, 2008, 627 pp. Paperback, ISBN 978‐1843922612Email this article to a colleague.
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Source: Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health - September 19, 2011 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: John Kent Tags: Book Review Source Type: research
A comparison between direct PCR and extraction to generate DNA profiles from samples retrieved from various substratesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Direct PCR generates DNA profiles from samples without using the extraction process. During sample extraction, DNA may be lost due to the methods used, which can affect the quality of the DNA profile obtained. This is not the case with direct PCR, where the sample is transferred directly into the PCR tube. Here, we report on the ability of direct PCR to generate DNA profiles from low amounts of control DNA retrieved from various surfaces using PowerPlex 16 HS. A comparison is made with samples undergoing a preliminary extraction stage using QiaAmp DNA Micro kits. Samples subjected to direct PCR generated DNA prof...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics - September 19, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Yuvaneswari Chandramoulee Swaran, Lindsey Welch Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Reality bites—A ten-year retrospective analysis of bitemark casework in AustraliaEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Criticism of forensic science, particularly that of bitemark analysis, has become increasingly common in the last decade. Much of the criticism directed at forensic odontology cites cases where miscarriages of justice have occurred when erroneous, over-confident or even false bitemark evidence has been tendered by odontologists. Despite Australia's own experience with such cases in the past, it is postulated that this does not represent the true nature of bitemark analysis as practiced by odontologists today—at least in this country. A review of 119 cases from the last 10years confirms that ‘identification’...
Source: Forensic Science International - September 19, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Mark Page, Jane Taylor, Matt Blenkin Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Forensic analysis of black coral (Order Antipatharia)Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), discriminate analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and stereoscopic microscopy were used to separate black coral forensic evidence items from similarly appearing items manufactured from plastics, bovid keratin, and mangrove wood. In addition, novel observations were made of bromine and iodine relationships in black coral that have not been previously reported.
Source: Forensic Science International - September 19, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Edgard O. Espinoza, Michael D. Scanlan, Pamela J. McClure, Barry W. Baker Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Rapid determination of flunitrazepam in alcoholic beverages by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometryEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study also demonstrates the capability of DESI-MS to perform quantitative analysis of simulated evidence samples with a limit of quantification of 3μg/mL. Furthermore it has been shown that this method can be used for high-throughput analysis whereby six samples were analyzed in a row within 6minutes and no observable sample carry-over was noted. DESI-MS shows potential as a rapid, sensitive, and selective technique for forensic analysis of spiked beverages which are typical evidence of drug facilitated sexual assault and robbery cases.
Source: Science and Justice - September 19, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Paul D'Aloise, Hao Chen Tags: Scientific and technical papers Source Type: research
14C analyses quantify time lag between coca leaf harvest and street-level seizure of cocaineEmail this article to a colleague.
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The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which Δ14C analyses could quantify the “age” of recent cocaine seizures. Here “age” of a seized cocaine specimen is defined as the time period between when a coca leaf was harvested in South America and its seizure as cocaine at either the international or domestic street levels. Based on Δ14C analyses of seizure specimens, there were no statistically significant differences in the ages of domestic cocaine HCl and cocaine base specimens seized on the streets in different locations across the United States. Between 2007 and 2009, the average age of a stree...
Source: Forensic Science International - September 19, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: James R. Ehleringer, John F. Casale, Janet E. Barnette, Xiaomei Xu, Michael J. Lott, Janet Hurley Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Advances in forensic age estimationEmail this article to a colleague.
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Content Type Journal ArticleCategory CommentaryPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12024-011-9280-3Authors
Richard B. Bassed, Department of Forensic Medicine, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 57-83 Kavanagh St, Southbank, Melbourne, Australia
Journal Forensic Science, Medicine, and PathologyOnline ISSN 1556-2891Print ISSN 1547-769X
Source: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology - September 17, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology Source Type: research
Benzodiazepines and alcohol are associated with cases of fatal buprenorphine poisoningEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion A fatal buprenorphine poisoning is typically accidental, and the average victim is a 27-year-old male addict. Circumstantial
and environmental factors seem to be crucial in determining the outcome of the poisoning.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Pharmacoepidemiology and PrescriptionPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00228-011-1122-4Authors
Margareeta Häkkinen, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute, PO Box 40, Kytösuontie 11, Helsinki, 00014 FinlandTerhi Launiainen, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute, PO Box 40, Kytösuonti...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - September 16, 2011 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Source Type: research
Production of lignans in calluses of Schisandra chinensisEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Calluses were induced from leaves of Schisandra chinensis Baillon (Schisandraceae). Murashige–Skoog (MS) and Woody Plant (WP) media were used for the induction, in full and half strength
(1/2 MS or 1/2 WP) salt formulations. Test media were solidified with 0.25% gelrite and supplemented with 2% sucrose and various
concentrations and combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin (Kin), 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA), and
6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Optimal conditions for callus induction and growth were found to be 1/2 MS medium containing 0.02 mg/l
Kin and 0.2 mg/l 2,4-D. Ch...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 16, 2011 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Journal of Natural Medicines Source Type: research
Bite Marks: Physical Properties of Ring Adhesion to Skin-Phase 2*Email this article to a colleague.
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This study demonstrated that surface wetness was the most influential factor affecting ring adhesion to skin. Also, chemical depilatories and shaving creams were to be avoided when cleaning the skin. The second phase of this research examines the tensile stress needed to rupture the bond between TAK(®) hydroplastic, three new cyanoacrylates, and pigskin with particular consideration for temperature variations. This study also considers solubility issues of different cyanoacrylates in 10% formalin. Finally, the Dorion Type V bitemark excision technique could significantly reduce the risks of tissue distortion when used in ...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Desranleau S, Dorion RB Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Haplotypic Blocks of X-linked STRs for Forensic Cases: Study of Recombination and Mutation Rates*Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
In complex kinship cases, markers situated in haplotypic blocks may provide additional clues to other unlinked markers. We have established a protocol to amplify six X-chromosome microsatellites, located in two haplotype blocks, using PCR with fluorochrome-labeled primers and capillary electrophoresis. The segregation stability was explored in 92 unrelated families with individuals from three generations. Sixty-one different haplotypes were found in the DXS10079-DXS10074-DXS10075 block in the grandfathers and 96 in the mothers, with estimated haplotype diversities of 0.9828 and 0.9842, respectively. Fi...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Castañeda M, Mijares V, Riancho JA, Zarrabeitia MT Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Rapid and Simple GC-MS Method for Determination of Psychotropic Phenylalkylamine Derivatives in Nails Using Micro-Pulverized Extraction*Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
A rapid and simple gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous detection and quantification of five psychotropic phenylalkylamines (amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and norketamine) in toenails. After external decontamination, nail clippings were mechanically pulverized with a bead mill and then incubated in methanol under ultrasonication at 50°C for 1 h. The resulting solutions were evaporated to dryness, derivatized, and analyzed by GC-MS. The intra- and inter-day precisions were...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Kim JY, Cheong JC, Lee JI, Son JH, In MK Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Forensic Scatology: Preliminary Experimental Study of the Preparation and Potential for Identification of Captive Carnivore Scat.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study proposes a method for the safe preparation of carnivore scat, recovery of bone inclusions, and quantification and comparison of scat variables. Fourteen scats (lion, jaguar, lynx, wolf, and coyote) were prepared with sodium-acetate-formalin fixative; analytical variables included carnivore individual, species, body size, and taxonomic family. Scat variables, particularly bone fragment inclusions, were found to vary among carnivore individuals, families, species, and sizes. The methods in this study facilitate safe scat processing, the complete recovery of digested evidence, and the preliminary identification of ...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Gilmour RJ, Skinner MF Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Cervical Soft Tissue Emphysema in Hanging-A Prospective Autopsy Study*Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
The underlying mechanism of cervical soft tissue emphysema (CSTE) in hanging remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of CSTE in cases of hanging. The sample included 83 deceased persons, average age 55.3 ± 17.9 years. CSTE was established in 44 cases. CSTE is presented as frothy air, soap bubble-like formations in superficial and/or deep connective tissue between the neck muscles up to the ligature mark, visible during gross neck examination, using special neck autopsy technique-preparation of the neck organs in layers. The interpretation of positive CSTE must be ta...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Nikolić S, Zivković V, Babić D, Juković F Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Differential Decomposition Patterns in Charred Versus Un-Charred Remains.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study utilized 48 domestic pigs, divided into 24 charred (head, neck, and limbs burned to Crow-Glassman level 1 and torso to level 2) and 24 un-charred pig carcasses. Decomposition of control carcasses was scored at 50 accumulated degree days (ADD) intervals, and charred carcasses were also observed and photographed at this time. A Charred Body Scale was subsequently created, and charred carcasses were scored retrospectively for the same ADD intervals. Analysis using a mixed-effect repeated measures model indicated that, while decomposition rate was not statistically different between the two groups (p = 0.2692), ...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Gruenthal A, Moffatt C, Simmons T Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Comparative Study of Electrochromic Enhancement of Latent Fingerprints with Existing Development Techniques*Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
To address the challenge of capturing latent fingerprint evidence from metal surfaces, a new method of latent fingerprint enhancement based on electrochromic polymer films has recently been developed. Here, we present a study comparing the development and visualization of nonvisible fingerprints on stainless steel substrates using this electrochromic enhancement approach with three classical methods (dusting, wet powder, and cyanoacrylate fuming). Two variants of the electrochromic enhancement method were utilized with polyaniline and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as the electrochromic materials. Fi...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Beresford AL, Brown RM, Hillman AR, Bond JW Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Death by Potassium Chloride Intravenous Injection: Evaluation of Analytical Detectability.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Potassium chloride intravenous injection is used in suicide attempts and lethal procedures for state-sanctioned punishment. Owing to its relatively high concentrations in hemolyzed blood (25-80 mM) compared to serum (about 4 mM), it is difficult to conclude potassium poisoning by postmortem analysis of biologic samples. A 41-year-man was found dead with an injection sign on his foot and a syringe close to the corpse. No particular signs were noted during the autopsy. Blood, bile, and urine were submitted to xenobiotic screening procedures used in the laboratory. Syringe content was found positive t...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Bertol E, Politi L, Mari F Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Assessment of Bone Age Based on Morphometric Study of the Upper End of the Humerus*Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
Assessment of changes in the spongy bone structure of the upper end of the humerus is one of the common methods of age estimation. This method was devised many years ago (1894) and has never been verified in an objective numerical testing. We projected an objective morphometric method assessment of the upper end of the humerus. The study was carried out on humeri from cadavers of 88 men and 84 women. The surface area of atrophy of the spongy structure (medullary cavity) was calculated on the longitudinal section of the humerus. A new morphometric method was applied, which allowed numerical presentation...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - September 16, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Zydek L, Barzdo M, Meissner E, Berent PJ Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research
Psychopathic traits in Finnish homicide offenders with schizophrenia.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract
There is a paucity of studies examining psychopathy in comparable samples of violent individuals with and without psychotic illness. The main goal of the study was to assess the prevalence and nature of psychopathic traits as measured by PCL-R among Finnish homicide offenders with schizophrenia. Further, the impact of co-morbid psychopathy on the homicidal incidents, as well as the associations of psychopathy and offender background factors, among offenders with schizophrenia was investigated. A retrospective study was performed using extensive forensic psychiatric evaluation reports and crime reports as s...
Source: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry - September 16, 2011 Category: Medical Law Authors: Laajasalo T, Salenius S, Lindberg N, Repo-Tiihonen E, Häkkänen-Nyholm H Tags: Int J Law Psychiatry Source Type: research
The prediction of discharge from in-patient psychiatric rehabilitation: a case-control study.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
People admitted later in the study period required longer rehabilitation admissions and had higher rates of serious self harm and treatment resistant illness. They were also more likely to have had previous contact with forensic services. This change over time is likely to be due to the drive in Scotland to manage mentally disordered offenders in conditions of lower security. There is a growing need for secure longer-term in-patient rehabilitation, particularly for people previously treated in forensic services. Admission to rehabilitation earlier in a person's illness may improve their outcome.
Source: BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles - September 16, 2011 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Joanna BredskiAndrew WatsonDebbie MountainFiona ClunieStephen Lawrie Source Type: research
Alcimedes 18/7Email this article to a colleague.
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In June 2011, the world of assisted suicide found itself mourning the death of one of its leading lights, Dr Jack Kevorkian. The American Pathologist, whose subspecialty was “death counselling”, was clearly not looking for an early checkout as he succumbed to organ failure with a respectable innings of 83. Ironically, he was unable to try his techniques on himself as he died peacefully in his sleep.
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Fatal snake biteEmail this article to a colleague.
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Editor I read the recent publication on fatal snake bite in India with great interest. Chattopadhyay et al. concluded that “Majority of the incidences occurred during the monsoons and during day time.” Indeed, this report repeated the already known epidemiology in this area of India. In addition, the described pattern is similar to many other tropical monsoon countries such as Thailand. An interesting point is despite the increased improvement and development of the cities the fatal cases due to snake bite are still detectable without any change of epidemiological pattern. In an easy word, snake is still an animal whi...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Viroj Wiwanitkit Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Pesticidal suicide: Adult fatal rotenone poisoningEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Rotenone is a pesticide and a piscicide derived from the derris root. The mechanism for the cytotoxicity is at mitochondrial level affecting cellular respiration. A suicide by rotenone poisoning in an adult is described. An innovative laboratory methodology was developed for the principal requirement of the Coroner to determine a positive or negative result to assist in the investigation of the death. The antemortem concentrations detected were 4.05 ng/ml [0.00405 ppm] in the blood and 0.55 ng/ml [0.00055 ppm] in the serum. Toxicity in human is rare and therefore the interpretation of the toxicology results i...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Freddy Patel Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Planned complex suicide: Self-strangulation and fall from heightEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: We hereby present a case of planned complex suicide. In this case study, we report a teen-aged girl who committed suicide by strangulating herself, and subsequently fell from the 13th floor of a housing apartment. The planned complex suicide was substantiated by the presence of a suicide note and a photograph captured in a mobile handset. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first case involving self-strangulation and fall from height, in which the photograph was stored in the handset. This is to further emphasize that objects like mobile handsets can be important in determining the cause and manner of death. ...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Faridah Mohd Nor, Srijit Das Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Fatal bilateral pneumothoraces following administration of aerosolised pentamidineEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Aerosolised pentamidine (AP) is used for prophylaxis against infection with Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii), a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this article we report a 55 year old man with HIV and a background history of asthma since childhood, who suffered respiratory arrest and died within an hour of commencing AP prophylaxis. Autopsy revealed bilateral pneumothoraces. Common side effects of AP therapy include bronchospasm and coughing. Pneumothorax has been reported in several cases. To our knowledge, this is the first reported fatality from b...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Alison Green, Nathan Milne, Beng Beng Ong Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Aortic dissection and cocaine useEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Most of the cocaine - deaths are said to be related to cardiovascular complications. This paper addresses a rather infrequent complication of chronic cocaine use, represented by the aortic dissection. The case in point pertains to a 45-year-old, caucasian male, substance abuser who suffered an aortic dissection following the use of cocaine. Blood concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine were considered not to be within a potentially toxic range.
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Gian Luca Marella, Carmelo Furnari, Emilio Perfetti, Giovanni Arcudi Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Multiple variations of firearm injuries - A case reportEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Variation from common findings in death due to firearm injury is not commonly encountered. When there is an atypical finding, the forensic pathologist may feel it difficult for differentiating firearm entry wound from firearm exit wound, tracing the wound track, estimating approximate range of firing and differentiating suicidal injury from homicidal injury. Failure to differentiate entry wound from exit wound can cause error in calculating number of projectiles entered into the body, lodged inside the body or exited through the body, besides posing problem in ascertaining direction of firing and direction of wou...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Shrabana K. Naik, Pawan Kumar, Devinder K. Atal, Atul Murari Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
An UPLC–MS/MS method for the determination of valproic acid in blood of a fatal intoxication caseEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Valproic acid (VPA) has been used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of epilepsy. The authors present a fatal case involving a 45-year-old female, found dead lying in bed with empty tablets of Diplexil® next to her. She was a chronic alcoholic and epileptic who had been under psychiatric treatment, having repeatedly demonstrated intent to commit suicide.A rapid method was developed and validated to determine VPA in blood by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with electrospray ionization source in negative ion mode.The method involved sample treatment ...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Paula Proença, João Miguel Franco, Carla Mustra, Mariana Marcos, Ana Rita Pereira, Francisco Corte-Real, Duarte Nuno Vieira Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
An analysis of drug-related offenses in Japan: Focusing on a discussion of future preventive measuresEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: Recently, drug use has become a major social problem in Japan. Therefore, this study examined recent trends of drug use in detail. Specifically, this report researched the number of people arrested for drug-related offenses in the 8 years since 2001 and it discusses measures to prevent drug use.During the period studied, the proportion of drug-related offenses related to ‘stimulants’ has decreased, despite those drugs accounting for the highest proportion of such offenses, and the proportion of offenses related to ‘cannabis’ has increased markedly. Therefore, organizations implementing measures to preven...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Ken Inoue, Tatsushige Fukunaga, Yuji Okazaki, Yoshitsugu Fujita, Yuichiro Ono Tags: Short Report Source Type: research
Female hormone influences on sexual assaults in northern ireland from 2002 to 2009Email this article to a colleague.
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This study considered the possibility that women may be more likely to be victims of sexual assault during the fertile phase of their reproductive cycle. Evolutionary psychology suggests that women would have suffered more negative consequences if sexually assaulted when fertile and that specific psychological mechanisms may have evolved in women to combat male coercion. Female behaviours towards men vary across the reproductive cycle and men’s behaviour towards women may vary also as a result of changes in female hormones. Hormones play a major role in producing the characteristic cyclical changes throughout a woman’s...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Patricia Beirne, Janet Hall, Claire Grills, Tara Moore Tags: Original Communications Source Type: research
Morphological study of the palatal rugae in western Indian populationEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: The aim of this study was to identify and compare the different morphological rugae patterns in males and females of western Indian population, which may be an additional method of identification in cases of crimes or aircraft accidents. A total of 108 plaster casts, equally distributed between the sexes and belonging to similar age-group, were examined for different biometric characteristics of the palatal rugae including number, shape, length, direction and unification and their incidence recorded. Association between these rugae biometric characteristics and sex were tested using chi-square analysis and statis...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Shailesh M. Gondivkar, Swetal Patel, Amol R. Gadbail, Rahul N. Gaikwad, Revant Chole, Rima V. Parikh Tags: Original Communications Source Type: research
Perceptions of near virtual autopsiesEmail this article to a colleague.
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We present for the first time to our knowledge an insight into pathology/medico-legal practitioners’ and general public perceptions’ of the use of computed tomography (CT) scanning as an alterative to the invasive autopsy.Subjects: The study arises from questionnaires at two professional meetings before and after an informative talk on the current use of CT in medico-legal autopsy practice. A total of 45 general public and 27 pathologists/medico-legal practitioners completed both parts of the study. A combination of open and closed questions were used to allow thematic and descriptive statistical analysis.Results/concl...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Guy N. Rutty, Jane E. Rutty Tags: Original Communications Source Type: research
A preliminary study of pores on epidermal ridges: Are there any sex differences and age related changes?Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: The pore characteristics on the epidermal friction ridges are individualistic and thereby useful in the process of identification when used along with other minutiae details. The present work was undertaken with the objective of studying the sex difference and influence of age on the pore morphology. The study included 230 Indians belonging to various age groups. There was no significant difference in the pore characteristics between both the sexes. The average number of pores per centimeter of friction ridge was 8.40 in males and 8.83 in females. The closed type was the commonest type of pores seen. The size of ...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: K.R. Nagesh, Shikha Bathwal, B. Ashoka Tags: Original Communications Source Type: research
Causes of community suicides among indigenous South AustraliansEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study has demonstrated that the method of suicide overwhelmingly preferred by indigenous victims in South Australia is hanging. The precise reasons for this preference are uncertain, however, an indigenous person in South Australia presenting as a suicide where a method other than hanging has been used would be exceedingly uncommon, raising the possibility of alternative manners of death.
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Amy E. Austin, Corinna van den Heuvel, Roger W. Byard Tags: Original Communications Source Type: research
Generating STR profile from “Touch DNA”Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract: As forensic DNA technology has become a common tool in criminal investigations, scientists have attempted to obtain DNA evidence from what were once considered unlikely sources. “Touch DNA” refers to the DNA that is left behind from skin cells when a person touches or comes into contact with an item. This present study shows, DNA profiling of touched evidence materials is reported employing a combination of LCN typing and miniSTRs. The technology is highly valuable for increasing the scope of DNA profiling to large number touched evidence materials.
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Sangeeta Aditya, A.K. Sharma, C.N. Bhattacharyya, Keya Chaudhuri Tags: Original Communications Source Type: research
Aims & Scope/Editorial BoardEmail this article to a colleague.
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Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - September 15, 2011 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
