Gastroenterology Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 18.

Independent trafficking of the KCNQ1 K+ channel and H+-K+-ATPase in gastric parietal cells from mice
Gastric acid secretion by the H+-K+-ATPase at the apical surface of activated parietal cells requires luminal K+ provided by the KCNQ1/KCNE2 K+ channel. However, little is known about the trafficking and relative spatial distribution of KCNQ1 and H+-K+-ATPase in resting and activated parietal cells and the capacity of KCNQ1 to control acid secretion. Here we show that inhibition of KCNQ1 activity quickly curtails gastric acid secretion in vivo, even when the H+-K+-ATPase is permanently anchored in the apical membrane, demonstrating a key role of the K+ channel in controlling acid secretion. Three-dimensional imaging analys...
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Nguyen, N., Kozer-Gorevich, N., Gliddon, B. L., Smolka, A. J., Clayton, A. H., Gleeson, P. A., van Driel, I. R. Tags: MUCOSAL BIOLOGY Source Type: research

Capsaicin induces NKCC1 internalization and inhibits chloride secretion in colonic epithelial cells independently of TRPV1
Colonic chloride secretion is regulated via the neurohormonal and immune systems. Exogenous chemicals (e.g., butyrate, propionate) can affect chloride secretion. Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient of the chili peppers, exerts various effects on gastrointestinal function. Capsaicin is known to activate the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), expressed in the mesenteric nervous system. Recent studies have also demonstrated its presence in epithelial cells but its role remains uncertain. Because capsaicin has been reported to inhibit colonic chloride secretion, we tested whether this effect of capsaicin coul...
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bouyer, P. G., Tang, X., Weber, C. R., Shen, L., Turner, J. R., Matthews, J. B. Tags: MUCOSAL BIOLOGY Source Type: research

Probiotics prevent necrotizing enterocolitis by modulating enterocyte genes that regulate innate immune-mediated inflammation
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), an extensive intestinal inflammatory disease of premature infants, is caused, in part, by an excessive inflammatory response to initial bacterial colonization due to the immature expression of innate immune response genes. In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, supplementation of very low birth weight infants with probiotics significantly reduced the incidence of NEC. The primary goal of this study was to determine whether secreted products of these two clinically effective probiotic strains, Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, prevented NEC by accelerating t...
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ganguli, K., Meng, D., Rautava, S., Lu, L., Walker, W. A., Nanthakumar, N. Tags: INFLAMMATION/IMMUNITY/MEDIATORS Source Type: research

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 is a tissue-specific aldosterone target gene with prominent induction in the rat distal colon
In this study, we examined whether hnRNP A2/B1 is an aldosterone-target gene in vivo. Our data show that physiological levels of aldosterone markedly induce hnRNP A2/B1 expression in an early and sustained manner in the late distal colon epithelium but not in other aldosterone-target tissues. The effect depends on MR but not on glucocorticoid receptor activity. We also demonstrate that the genomic region upstream of hnRNP A2/B1 contains aldosterone-responsive elements involved in the control of gene expression. We hypothesize that hnRNP A2/B1 is involved in the tissue-specific regulation of ENaC biosynthesis and may coordi...
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hernandez-Diaz, I., Giraldez, T., Morales, S., Hernandez, G., Salido, E., Canessa, C. M., Alvarez de la Rosa, D. Tags: HORMONES AND SIGNALING Source Type: research

Gastrokines: stomach-specific proteins with putative homeostatic and tumor suppressor roles
During the past decade, a new family of stomach-specific proteins has been recognized. Known as "gastrokines" (GKNs), these secreted proteins are products of gastric mucus-producing cell lineages. GKNs are highly conserved in physical structure, and emerging data point to convergent functions in the modulation of gastric mucosal homeostasis and inflammation. While GKNs are highly prevalent in the normal stomach, frequent loss of GKN expression in gastric cancers, coupled with established antiproliferative activity, suggests putative tumor suppressor roles. Conversely, ectopic expression of GKNs in reparative lesions of Cro...
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Menheniott, T. R., Kurklu, B., Giraud, A. S. Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Efficacy of LIFT for recurrent anal fistula
ConclusionLIFT is a safe procedure for patients with recurrent anal fistula with healing at short and medium term follow‐up comparable or superior to other sphincter‐preserving techniques. Larger studies with longer follow‐up are needed to define the ultimate role of LIFT in patients with recurrence.© 2013 The Authors. Colorectal Disease © 2013 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland
Source: Colorectal Disease - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jan‐Peter Lehmann, Wilhelm Graf Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Early recognition of pelvic floor dyssynergia and colorectal assessment in Parkinson's disease associated with bowel dysfunction
ConclusionOur findings that neural control of the puborectalis and pubococcygeus, along with colorectal peristalsis, were similarly in a state of degeneration, is key information which should assist physicians to instigate more effective management for colonic dysmotility or PFD.© 2013 The Authors. Colorectal Disease © 2013 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland
Source: Colorectal Disease - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Chih‐Pin Wang, Wen‐Hsu Sung, Chien‐Chih Wang, Po‐Yi Tsai Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Trans‐anal rectoscopic ball diathermy (TARD) for radiotherapy induced haemorrhagic telangectasia : a safe and effective treatment
ConclusionTARD is a safe and effective treatment for patients with rectal bleeding due to RIHT.© 2013 The Authors. Colorectal Disease © 2013 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland
Source: Colorectal Disease - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: J.C. Hopkins, J.J. Wood, H. Gilbert, J.M.D. Wheeler, N. Borley Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The utility of conditioning sequences in barostat protocols for the measurement of rectal compliance
ConclusionsRectal compliance can be measured with a single distension protocol without the need for an initial conditioning distension. Conditioning the rectum adds additional complexity to barostat protocols and is not necessary.© 2013 The Authors. Colorectal Disease © 2013 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland
Source: Colorectal Disease - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: A Bajwa, K Thiruppathy, A Emmanuel Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Long term continence disturbance after lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure : A systematic review and meta‐analysis
ConclusionThe long term risk of continence disturbance after lateral internal sphincterotomy is significant. Randomized controlled trials with a long follow‐up are needed to substantiate these findings and to redefine the role in the treatment of chronic anal fissure.© 2013 The Authors. Colorectal Disease © 2013 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland
Source: Colorectal Disease - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Pankaj Garg, Mahak Garg, Geetha R Menon Tags: Systematic Review Source Type: research

Spatiotemporal maps reveal regional differences in the effects on gut motility for Lactobacillus reuteri and rhamnosus strains
Conclusions & Inferences The results show that probiotics and other beneficial bacteria have strain and region‐specific actions on gut motility that can be successfully discriminated using spatiotemporal mapping of diameter changes. Effects are not necessarily the same in colon and jejunum. Further research is needed on the detailed effects of the strains on enteric neuron currents for each gut region.
Source: Neurogastroenterology and Motility - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: R. Y. Wu, M. Pasyk, B. Wang, P. Forsythe, J. Bienenstock, Y. –K. Mao, P. Sharma, A. M. Stanisz, W. A. Kunze Source Type: research

Clinical utility and tolerability of JSPH-1 wireless esophageal pH monitoring system
Background: Wireless esophageal pH monitoring system is an important approach for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the aim of this study is to test the tolerability and utility of the first wireless esophageal pH monitoring system made in China, and evaluate whether it is feasible for clinical application to diagnose GERD. Methods: Thirty patients from Department of Gastroenterology of First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University who were suspected GERD underwent JSPH-1 pH capsule. The capsule was placed 5 cm proximal to the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ) by endoscopic determination, the dat...
Source: BMC Gastroenterology - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jun-Nan LiChun-Lun LiuXiao-Hong Tao Source Type: research

Pre-Study protocol MagPEP: A multicentre randomized controlled trial of magnesium sulphate in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis
Conclusions: If magnesium sulphate is found to be effective in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis, this inexpensive agent with limited adverse effects could be used as a routine pharmacological prophylaxis.Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN46556454
Source: BMC Gastroenterology - January 15, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Gabriele FluhrJulia MayerleEckhard WeberAli AghdassiPeter SimonThomas GressThomas SeufferleinJoachim MössnerAndreas StallmachThomas RöschMartina MüllerBritta SiegmundPetra Büchner-SteudelIna Zuber-JergerMarcus KantowskiAlbrecht HoffmeisterJonas Rosend Source Type: research

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor stimulation increases GFR and suppresses proximal reabsorption in the rat
The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is released from the gut in response to fat or carbohydrate and contributes to negative feedback control of blood glucose by stimulating insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon, and slowing gastric emptying. GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) are also expressed in the proximal tubule, and possibly elsewhere in the kidney. Presently, we examined the effect of a GLP-1R agonist on single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (GFR; SNGFR), proximal reabsorption (Jprox), tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) responses, and urine flow rate in hydropenic male Wistar and Wistar-Froemter rats. Micro...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - January 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Thomson, S. C., Kashkouli, A., Singh, P. Tags: CALL FOR PAPERS Source Type: research

Emergent Complications of Assisted Reproduction: Expecting the Unexpected [Women's Imaging]
With the increasing popularity of assisted reproductive technology (ART), radiologists are more likely to encounter associated complications, especially in an emergency setting. These complications include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), ovarian torsion, and ectopic and heterotopic pregnancy. OHSS occurs following ovulation induction or ovarian stimulation and manifests with bilateral ovarian enlargement by multiple cysts, third-spacing of fluids, and clinical findings ranging from gastrointestinal discomfort to life-threatening renal failure and coagulopathy. Enlarged hyperstimulated ovaries are at risk for tors...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Baron, K. T., Babagbemi, K. T., Arleo, E. K., Asrani, A. V., Troiano, R. N. Tags: Obstetric/Gynecologic Radiology, Ultrasound, Emergency Radiology Women ' s Imaging Source Type: research

Emergent and Nonemergent Nonbowel Torsion: Spectrum of Imaging and Clinical Findings [Multisystem Radiology]
Although bowel torsion is more commonly described in the medical literature, torsion can affect various organs within the chest, abdomen, and pelvis, including the testes, ovaries, gallbladder, spleen, heart, and pulmonary lobes. A structural abnormality such as a mass (a "lead point") that promotes twisting around a vascular pedicle often predisposes an organ or other anatomic structure to torsion. Radiologists play a central role in detecting torsion, identifying the anatomy involved, and triaging patients for either emergent surgical intervention, which may be critical for organ salvage, or conservative management. Imag...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Lubner, M. G., Simard, M. L., Peterson, C. M., Bhalla, S., Pickhardt, P. J., Menias, C. O. Tags: Computed Tomography, Emergency Radiology, Gastrointestinal Radiology, General Multisystem Radiology Source Type: research

Abdominal Manifestations of Neurologic Disorders [Multisystem Radiology]
A variety of disorders—including infectious, inflammatory, hereditary, and metabolic diseases—may affect both the brain and abdominal cavity, and the findings in one region may help establish the diagnosis or limit the differential diagnosis. Establishing an accurate early diagnosis enables clinicians to adequately manage these unusual diseases and potentially avert life-threatening complications. For example, an early diagnosis of Gardner syndrome enables annual sigmoid- or colonoscopy and ultrasonography. In many conditions, abdominal manifestations precede neurologic manifestations and may have prognostic si...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Bhavsar, A. S., Verma, S., Lamba, R., Lall, C. G., Koenigsknecht, V., Rajesh, A. Tags: Neuroradiology, Gastrointestinal Radiology, General Multisystem Radiology Source Type: research

Management of Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injuries: Role of the Interventional Radiologist [Vascular/Interventional Radiology]
Bile duct injuries are infrequent but potentially devastating complications of biliary tract surgery and have become more common since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The successful management of these injuries depends on the injury type, the timing of its recognition, the presence of complicating factors, the condition of the patient, and the availability of an experienced hepatobiliary surgeon. Bile duct injuries may lead to bile leakage, intraabdominal abscesses, cholangitis, and secondary biliary cirrhosis due to chronic strictures. Imaging is vital for the initial diagnosis of bile duct injury, asses...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Thompson, C. M., Saad, N. E., Quazi, R. R., Darcy, M. D., Picus, D. D., Menias, C. O. Tags: Interventional Radiology, Computed Tomography, Gastrointestinal Radiology Vascular/Interventional Radiology Source Type: research

AIRP Best Cases in Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation: Gastritis Cystica Polyposa [AIRP/AFIP Archives]
Source: Radiographics recent issues - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Kalra, V. B., Gilbert, J. W., Mitchell, K. A., Salem, R. R., Israel, G. M. Tags: Gastrointestinal Radiology AIRP/AFIP Archives Source Type: research

AIRP Best Cases in Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation: Gallbladder Carcinoma with Direct Invasion of the Liver [AIRP/AFIP Archives]
Source: Radiographics recent issues - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Hussain, H. M., Little, M. D., Wei, S. Tags: Ultrasound, Oncologic Imaging, Computed Tomography, Gastrointestinal Radiology AIRP/AFIP Archives Source Type: research

Invited Commentary [Gastrointestinal Imaging]
Source: Radiographics recent issues - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Lopera, J. E. Tags: Gastrointestinal Imaging Source Type: research

Multidetector CT Anatomy of Drainage Routes of Gastric Varices: A Pictorial Review [Gastrointestinal Imaging]
Most gastric varices arise at hepatofugal collateral pathways and drain into the systemic vein through one or both of two different types of portosystemic collateral drainage systems: the gastroesophageal (azygous) venous system and the gastrophrenic venous system. The gastroesophageal venous system consists of gastric varices contiguous with esophageal varices, paraesophageal varices, and the azygos vein, which terminates into the superior vena cava. Gastric varices draining through the gastroesophageal venous system can be treated with endoscopic techniques or creation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. ...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - January 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Kiyosue, H., Ibukuro, K., Maruno, M., Tanoue, S., Hongo, N., Mori, H. Tags: Interventional Radiology, Vascular Imaging, Computed Tomography, Gastrointestinal Radiology Gastrointestinal Imaging Source Type: research

Opium; an emerging risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma
Abstract Opium use has been associated with higher risk of cancers of the esophagus, bladder, larynx, and lung;however, no previous study has examined itsassociation with gastric cancer. There is also little information on the associations between hookah (water pipe) smokingorthe chewing of tobacco productsand the risk of gastric cancer. In a case‐control study in Golestan Province of Iran, we enrolled 309 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma (118noncardia, 161 cardia, and 30 mixed‐locationadenocarcinomas) and 613 matched controls. Detailed information on long‐term use of opium, tobacco products, and other covariates were...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - January 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ramin Shakeri, Reza Malekzadeh, Arash Etemadi, Dariush Nasrollahzadeh, Karim Aghcheli, Masoud Sotoudeh, Farhad Islami, Akram Pourshams, Michael Pawlita, Paolo Boffetta, Sanford M. Dawsey, Christian C. Abnet, Farin Kamangar Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Risk of advanced gastric precancerous lesions in Helicobacter pylori infected subjects is influenced by ABO blood group and cagA status
Abstract A higher incidence of stomach cancer in ABO blood type A individuals than in those with blood type O has been known for a long time. We studied this association in relation to Helicobacter pylori (Hp) of different cagA status. For this study we used baseline gastric histopathology data and DNAs from frozen gastric biopsies of 2077 subjects enrolled in a chemoprevention trial for gastric precancerous lesions in Venezuela. We analyzed 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ABO gene and we assessed the presence of the Hp cagA gene. Odds ratios for risk of advanced precancerous gastric lesions were calculated using ...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - January 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cosmeri Rizzato, Ikuko Kato, Martyn Plummer, Nubia Muñoz, Angelika Stein, Leen Jan van Doorn, Silvia Franceschi, Federico Canzian Tags: Cancer Genetics Source Type: research

Human liver carboxylesterase 1 outperforms alpha‐fetoprotein as biomarker to discriminate hepatocellular carcinoma from other liver diseases in Korean patients
Abstract Although alpha‐fetoprotein is currently the major serologic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it cannot efficiently distinguish this cancer from other forms of liver disease in early diagnosis due to its low sensitivity. The aim of this study is to compare human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) biomarker sensitivity and specificity versus alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP). Antibody‐based assays for hCE1 and AFP were used to test both biomarkers with respect to diagnostic efficiency, Youden's index, and the area under the curve (AUC) through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in plasma from 208 patie...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - January 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Keun Na, Seul‐Ki Jeong, Min‐Jung Lee, Sang Yun Cho, Sun A. Kim, Min‐Ji Lee, Si Young Song, Hoguen Kim, Kyung Sik Kim, Hyun Woong Lee, Young‐Ki Paik Tags: Early Detection and Diagnosis Source Type: research

NK cells from malignant pleural effusions are not anergic but produce cytokines and display strong antitumor activity on short‐term IL‐2 activation
In this study, we analyzed NK cells present in pleural effusions (PEs) of patients with primary or metastatic tumors of different origin, including mesothelioma and lung, breast, colon, gastric, bladder, and uterus carcinoma. In all instances, freshly isolated PE‐NK cells displayed a CD56bright phenotype and expressed normal levels of both activating receptors and HLA class I‐specific inhibitory receptors. In addition, they rapidly released large amounts of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α after stimulation. Upon culture in IL‐2, they acquired a potent cytolytic activity against both allogeneic and autologous tumor cells. Tumor...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 15, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Paola Vacca, Stefania Martini, Valentina Garelli, Giovanni Passalacqua, Lorenzo Moretta, Maria Cristina Mingari Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Technique for Salvage ERCP with Gastric Bypass Anatomy and Severe Intra-Abdominal Adhesions
Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Journal of Laparoendoscopic - January 14, 2013 Category: Surgery Tags: article Source Type: research

Concordance of ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated) Immunohistochemistry between Biopsy or Metastatic Tumor Samples and Primary Tumors in Gastric Cancer Patients
Pathobiology 2013;80:127–137 (DOI:10.1159/000346034)
Source: Pathobiology - January 14, 2013 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Myenteric denervation in gastric carcinogenesis: differential modulation of nitric oxide and annexin-A1.
In conclusion, NO protects against the development of gastric adenocarcinomas. The pattern of ANXA1 expression was not associated with NOS activity or expression, suggesting that NO and ANXA1 act in gastric tumors in disparate pathways. PMID: 23236538 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology - January 14, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Polli-Lopes AC, Estofolete CF, Oliani SM, Zucoloto S, Cunha FQ, Gil CD Tags: Int J Clin Exp Pathol Source Type: research

Information for readers
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

In upcoming issues…
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

ASGE update
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Focus on…
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Editors
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Contents
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Portal venous gas after colonoscopy in two patients with Crohn's disease
We present 2 cases of PVG after colonoscopy in 2 patients with Crohn's disease and colonic strictures.
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Supriya Rao, Jaroslaw N. Tkacz, Francis A. Farraye Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

ERCP with retrieval balloon-assisted enterography using traditional duodenoscope in post-GI surgery patients
ERCP in patients who have undergone GI surgery is difficult because of the anatomic changes in the digestive tract. Several case series have reported that successful cannulation was achieved by use of a front-viewing endoscope, a single-balloon enteroscope, or a double-balloon enteroscope.
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ming Zhuang, Wenjie Zhang, Jun Gu, Wei Gong, Xuefeng Wang Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Response
We thank Ozaslan for his letter in which he speculates that the vulnerability of the papilla of Vater, with the complex microscopic mucosal features of its orifice and intrapapillary ducts, may explain the difficulties of papillary cannulation, a procedural technique associated with an increased risk for post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). He thinks that the anatomic features of the papillary mucosa may be the reason for similar trauma to the papilla by the guidewire and sphincterotome contrast medium injection technique, as confirmed by the similar numbers of cannulation attempts and the lack of a significant difference in the ...
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Alberto Mariani, Antonella Giussani, Milena Di Leo, Sabrina Gloria Giulia Testoni, Pier Alberto Testoni Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Difficult cannulation is the most important factor for post-ERCP pancreatitis: what is the mechanism?
I read with great interest the study by Mariani et al describing that guidewire biliary cannulation does not reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) compared with the contrast injection technique in low-risk and high-risk patients. PEP occurred in 35 of 678 patients (5.2%) in the guidewire biliary cannulation group and 25 of 571 patients (4.4%) in the contrast injection group (not significant). In their study, the guidewire biliary cannulation technique did not prevent the trauma to the papilla more than the contrast injection technique, as confirmed by the similar number of cannulation attempts with the two techniques, a para...
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ersan Ozaslan Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

An endoclip for life?
A 48-year-old man with cirrhosis (Child score C) due to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis that was complicated by prior variceal bleeding presented to our institution with melena. The patient had gastric variceal bleeding 22 months before the current presentation, at which time he had an endoclip placed on the bleeding gastric varix before transfer to our institution (). At our hospital, he immediately underwent an upper endoscopy followed by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. On this presentation, the patient was tachycardic, somnolent, and unable to answer any questions. He appeared jaundiced and...
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jana G. Hashash, Jaideep Behari Tags: At the Focal Point Source Type: research

Quality improvement for the gastroenterology fellow
Physicians are challenged every day to maximize health outcomes and minimize risk in a resource-limited environment. Yet, given the recent emphasis on increasing health care costs, we are compelled to provide even more efficient care—to deliver better quality care at lower costs. To do so successfully, there is a growing need for quality improvement in all of health care, including our field of gastroenterology. In this month's Fellows' Corner, Dr. Jeffrey J. Easler of the University of Pittsburgh provides an overview of quality improvement including its clinical importance, project implementation, and tangible ideas for...
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jeffrey J. Easler Tags: The Fellows' Corner Source Type: research

Continuing Medical Education Exam: February 2013
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: James Buxbaum, William Ross, Shou-Jiang Tang, Brian Weston, G.S. Raju, Glenn M. Eisen Tags: CME Examination Source Type: research

Suture marker lesion detection in the colon by self-stabilizing and unmodified capsule endoscopes: pilot study in acute canine models
Conclusion: The proposed self-stabilizing capsule endoscope delivered a significant improvement in detection rates of colon suture markings when compared with the unmodified capsule endoscope.
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Dobromir Filip, Orly Yadid-Pecht, Gregory Muench, Martin P. Mintchev, Christopher N. Andrews Tags: Experimental Endoscopy Source Type: research

Development and validation of a nurse-assessed patient comfort score for colonoscopy
Conclusion: NAPCOMS is a reliable and valid tool for assessing patient comfort in the setting of outpatient colonoscopy performed with minimal to moderate sedation.
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Alaa Rostom, Erin D. Ross, Catherine Dubé, Matthew D. Rutter, Thomas Lee, Roland Valori, Ronald J. Bridges, Darlene Pontifex, Veronica Webbink, Colin Rees, Carly Brown, Deborah H. Whetter, Susan G. Kelsey, Robert J. Hilsden Tags: Clinical Endoscopy Source Type: research

Spiral enteroscopy versus double-balloon enteroscopy: choosing the right tool for the job
The article in this journal by Messer et al comparing spiral enterosocopy (SE) with double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) is a welcome addition to the knowledge base for the deep small-bowel endoscopist. The study is a prospective randomized study comparing both methods, and is a narrowly focused small study from a single center. The primary endpoint was complete small-bowel examination comparing peroral with anal enteroscopy by use of SE or DBE.
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Paul A. Akerman Tags: Clinical Endoscopy Source Type: research

Is double-balloon enteroscopy superior to spiral enteroscopy?
The small intestine had long been considered uncharted territory for endoscopy outside the operating room until capsule endoscopy (CE) and double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) were developed early in the 21st century. CE enabled endoscopic imaging of the entire small intestine without patient discomfort. Although it is a technical breakthrough in the diagnosis of small-intestinal diseases, CE still does not offer targeted inspection of suspect areas or interventional capabilities such as biopsy or therapeutic maneuvers. DBE is the first endoscopic technique that allows reliably controlled deep enteroscopy without laparotomy. It ...
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hironori Yamamoto Tags: Clinical Endoscopy Source Type: research

Prophylactic main pancreatic duct stenting before precut biliary sphincterotomy: hold on to what you've got
Over the past decade, the placement of a temporary stent into the main pancreatic duct (PD) has evolved as the only effective, reproducible intervention that reduces the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) in high-risk cohorts. In this issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Cha and colleagues present data from a single-center prospective evaluation of 151 patients who underwent ERCP for biliary indications and subsequently required precut biliary access for failed cannulation. A main PD stent was successfully placed in 93 patients. After completion of the procedure, the patients were alternately allocated to leaving the PD ...
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Barham K. Abu Dayyeh Tags: Clinical Endoscopy Source Type: research

Long-term outcomes of patients with Barrett's esophagus and high-grade dysplasia or early cancer treated with endoluminal therapies with intention to complete eradication
Conclusion: Multiple-mode endoluminal therapy for Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia or early cancer with intention to complete eradication of all intestinal metaplasia was successful, with low observed recurrence of dysplasia or cancer. However, recurrence of intestinal metaplasia occurs in one-third of cases and supports continued endoscopic surveillance even after complete eradication.
Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Carlos Guarner-Argente, Thomas Buoncristiano, Emma E. Furth, Gary W. Falk, Gregory G. Ginsberg Tags: Clinical Endoscopy Source Type: research

Multicentre results of stereotactic body radiotherapy for secondary liver tumours
ConclusionSecondary liver tumours treated with SBRT had a high rate of local control with a low incidence of adverse events.
Source: HPB: official journal of the International Hepato Pancreat Biliary Association - January 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Betul Berber, Rafael Ibarra, Laura Snyder, Min Yao, Jeffrey Fabien, Michael T. Milano, Alan W. Katz, Karyn Goodman, Kevin Stephans, Galal El‐Gazzaz, Federico Aucejo, Charles Miller, John Fung, Simon Lo, Mitchell Machtay, Juan Sanabria Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Cutaneous manifestations of gastrointestinal disease: Part II
The gastrointestinal (GI) and cutaneous organ systems are closely linked. In part I of this continuing medical education article, the intricacies of this relationship were explored as they pertained to hereditary polyposis disorders, hamartomatous disorders, and paraneoplastic disease. Part II focuses on the cutaneous system's links to inflammatory bowel disease and vascular disorders. An in-depth analysis of inflammatory bowel disease skin findings is provided to aid dermatologists in recognizing and facilitating early consultation and intervention by gastroenterologists. Cutaneous signs of inflammatory bowel disease incl...
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology - January 14, 2013 Category: Dermatology Authors: Breck Thrash, Mahir Patel, Kejal R. Shah, C. Richard Boland, Alan Menter Tags: Continuing Medical Education Source Type: research