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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory.

Alexandre Afranio Peixoto (1963-2013)
(Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology)
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Doralice Maria Cella (1954-2013)
(Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology)
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Genetic differences between Chibcha and Non-Chibcha speaking tribes based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups from 21 Amerindian tribes from Colombia
We analyzed the frequency of four mitochondrial DNA haplogroups in 424 individuals from 21 Colombian Amerindian tribes. Our results showed a high degree of mtDNA diversity and genetic heterogeneity. Frequencies of mtDNA haplogroups A and C were high in the majority of populations studied. The distribution of these four mtDNA haplogroups from Amerindian populations was different in the northern region of the country compared to those in the south. Haplogroup A was more frequently found among Amerindian tribes in northern Colombia, while haplogroup D was more frequent among tribes in the south. Haplogroups A, C and D have cl...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

MHC Class II haplotypes of Colombian Amerindian tribes
We analyzed 1041 individuals belonging to 17 Amerindian tribes of Colombia, Chimila, Bari and Tunebo (Chibcha linguistic family), Embera, Waunana (Choco linguistic family), Puinave and Nukak (Maku-Puinave linguistic families), Cubeo, Guanano, Tucano, Desano and Piratapuyo (Tukano linguistic family), Guahibo and Guayabero (Guayabero Linguistic Family), Curripaco and Piapoco (Arawak linguistic family) and Yucpa (Karib linguistic family). for MHC class II haplotypes (HLA-DRB1, DQA1, DQB1). Approximately 90% of the MHC class II haplotypes found among these tribes are haplotypes frequently encountered in other Amerindian tribes...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Reconstruction of major maternal and paternal lineages of the Cape Muslim population
The earliest Cape Muslims were brought to the Cape (Cape Town -South Africa) from Africa and Asia from 1652 to 1834. They were part of an involuntary migration of slaves, political prisoners and convicts, and they contributed to the ethnic diversity of the present Cape Muslim population of South Africa. The history of the Cape Muslims has been well documented and researched however no in-depth genetic studies have been undertaken. The aim of the present study was to determine the respective African, Asian and European contributions to the mtDNA (maternal) and Y-chromosomal (paternal) gene pool of the Cape Muslim population...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Association between osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients
This study provides evidence that the C allele of the T950C polymorphism is associated with increased risk of CVD in diabetic patients. However, well-designed prospective studies with a larger sample size are needed to validate these results. (Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology)
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Non-detection of Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus in a region of high gastric cancer risk indicates a lack of a role for these viruses in gastric carcinomas
Gastric mucosa tissue was collected from patients with gastroduodenal diseases in a region of norrteastern China showing a high risk of gastric cancer incidence. The presence of EBV and HPV were assayed to investigate the relationship between gastric carcinomas and virus infection. Neither EBV nor HPV DNA was detected in tissue from the patients. The role of EBV and HPV in gastric cancer is not well understood and still needs to be clarified. (Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology)
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Comparison of the effectiveness of microsatellites and SNP panels for genetic identification, traceability and assessment of parentage in an inbred Angus herd
During the last decade, microsatellites (short tandem repeats or STRs) have been successfully used for animal genetic identification, traceability and paternity, although in recent year single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been increasingly used for this purpose. An efficient SNP identification system requires a marker set with enough power to identify individuals and their parents. Genetic diagnostics generally include the analysis of related animals. In this work, the degree of information provided by SNPs for a consanguineous herd of cattle was compared with that provided by STRs. Thirty-six closely related Angus...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

New molecular evidence supports the species status of Kaempfer's Woodpecker (Aves, Picidae)
Kaempfer's Woodpecker (Celeus obrieni) is the only species of the genus Celeus endemic to Brazil. The description of this taxon as a subspecies of the Rufous-headed Woodpecker (Celeus spectabilis) was based on a single specimen. While C. obrieni and C. spectabilis are now considered separate species based on morphological and limited molecular evidence, no study has critically tested the reciprocal monophyly and degree of evolutionary independence between these taxa with several specimens. Herein, fragments of the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA of three recently-collected specimens of C. obrieni were analyzed to evaluate th...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

A remarkable autosomal heteromorphism in Pseudoryzomys simplex 2n = 56; FN = 54-55 (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae)
Pseudoryzomys simplex, the false rice rat, is a monotypic genus of the Oryzomyini tribe (Sigmodontinae) distributed in part of Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil. Its diploid number has been described as 56 acrocentric chromosomes decreasing in size and no karyotype figure has been depicted. Herein, we present karyotypic data on P. simplex, including chromosome banding and molecular fluorescent in situ hybridization using telomeric sequences and the whole X-chromosome of its sister clade Holochilus brasiliensis (HBR) as probes. A case of remarkable autosomal heteromorphism due to the presence of a whole heterochromati...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Genetic parameters for five traits in Africanized honeybees using Bayesian inference
Heritability and genetic correlations for honey (HP) and propolis production (PP), hygienic behavior (HB), syrupcollection rate (SCR) and percentage of mites on adult bees (PMAB) of a population of Africanized honeybees were estimated. Data from 110 queen bees over three generations were evaluated. Single and multi-trait models were analyzed by Bayesian Inference using MTGSAM. The localization of the hive was significant for SCR and HB and highly significant for PP. Season-year was highly significant only for SCR. The number of frames with bees was significant for HP and PP, including SCR. The heritability estimates were 0...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Identification of the soybean HyPRP family and specific gene response to Asian soybean rust disease
In this study, microarray analysis and real time RT-qPCR were used to identify putative HyPRP genes in the soybean genome and to assess their expression in different plant tissues. Some of the genes were also analyzed by time-course real time RT-qPCR in response to infection by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agent of Asian soybean rust disease. Our findings indicate that the time of induction of a defense pathway is crucial in triggering the soybean resistance response to P. pachyrhizi. This is the first study to identify the soybean HyPRP group B family and to analyze disease-responsive GmHyPRP during infection by P. p...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Modeling and analysis of soybean (Glycine max. L) Cu/Zn, Mn and Fe superoxide dismutases
In this study, we describe structural models for soybean Cu/Zn SOD, Mn SOD and Fe SOD and provide insights into the molecular function of this metal-binding enzyme in improving tolerance to oxidative stress in plants. (Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology)
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Genetic diversity in a world germplasm collection of tall fescue
In this study, we explored the genetic diversity of 161 accessions of Festuca species from 29 countries, including 28 accessions of INTA (Argentina), by analyzing 15 polymorphic SSR markers by capillary electrophoresis. These molecular markers allowed us to detect a total of 214 alleles. The number of alleles per locus varied between 5 and 24, and the values of polymorphic information content ranged from 0.627 to 0.840. In addition, the accessions analyzed by flow cytometry showed different ploidy levels (diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and octaploid), placing in evidence that the world germplasm collection consisted of mul...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Characterization of the omlA gene from different serotypes of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae: a new insight into an old approach
The OmlA protein is a virulence factor of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, an important pathogen in pigs. The polymorphisms present in the omlA gene sequence of 15 reference serotypes of A. pleuropneumoniae and non-serotypable isolates were assessed to determine the possible evolutionary relationship among them and to validate the importance of this gene as a molecular marker for the characterization of this bacterium. Divergence among the 15 serotypes of A. pleuropneumoniae probably resulted initially from two major evolutionary events that led to subsequent differentiation into nine groups. This differentiation makes it ...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Endophytic bacterial diversity in banana 'Prata Anã' (Musa spp.) roots
The genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria in banana 'Prata Anã' roots was characterized. Two hundred and one endophytic bacteria were isolated, 151 of which were classified as Gram-positive and 50 as Gram-negative. No hypersensitivity response was observed in any of the isolates. The rep-PCR technique generated different molecular profiles for each primer set (REP, ERIC and BOX). Fifty readable loci were obtained and all of the fragments were polymorphic. Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) of the isolates based on cleavage with four restriction enzymes yielded 45 polymorphic bands and no monomorphic b...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Distribution of PLD and FagA, B, C and D genes in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolates from sheep and goats with caseus lymphadenitis
Caseous lymphadenits (CL) is a chronic and subclinical disease that affects goats and sheep and, consequently, causes economic losses, especially to small producers. The purpose of this study, through use of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), was to verify the presence of virulence genes of phospholipase D (PLD), integral membrane protein (FagA), iron enterobactin transporter (FagB), ATP binding cytoplasmic membrane protein (FagC) and iron siderophore binding protein (FagD) in 168 isolates of C. pseudotuberculosis obtained from cases of caseous lymphadenitis in goats and sheep. FagA, FagB and PLD genes were detected in all 1...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Genotoxicity of Nicotiana tabacum leaves on Helix aspersa
In this study, we examined the genotoxicity of tobacco leaves in the snail Helix aspersa as a measure of the risk to human health. DNA damage was evaluated using the micronucleus test and the Comet assay and the concentration of cytochrome P450 enzymes was estimated. Two groups of snails were studied: one fed on tobacco leaves and one fed on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) leaves (control group). All of the snails received leaves (tobacco and lettuce leaves were the only food provided) and water ad libitum. Hemolymph cells were collected after 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. The Comet assay and micronucleus test showed that exposure to tob...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Identification of alternative transcripts of rat CD9 expressed by tumorigenic neural cell lines and in normal tissues
CD9 is the best-studied member of the tetraspanin family of transmembrane proteins. It is involved in various fundamental cellular processes and its altered expression is a characteristic of malignant cells of different origins. Despite numerous investigations confirming its fundamental role, the heterogeneity of CD9 or other tetraspanin proteins was considered only to be caused by posttranslational modification, rather than alternative splicing. Here we describe the first identification of CD9 transcript variants expressed by cell lines derived from fetal rat brain cells. Variant mRNA-B lacks a potential translation initi...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Comparison of HMOX1 expression and enzyme activity in blue-shelled chickens and brown-shelled chickens
Blue egg coloring is attributed to biliverdin derived from the oxidative degradation of heme through catalysis by heme oxygenase (HO). The pigment is secreted into the eggshell by the shell gland. There is uncertainty as to whether the pigment is synthesized in the shell gland or in other tissues. To investigate the site of pigment biosynthesis, the expression of heme oxygenase (decycling) 1 (HMOX1), a gene encoding HO, and HO activity in liver and spleen were compared between blue-shelled chickens (n=12) and brown-shelled chickens (n=12). There were no significant differences in HMOX1 expression and HO activity in these t...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Bioinformatics analysis of the gene expression profile in Bladder carcinoma
Bladder carcinoma, which has the ninth highest incidence among malignant tumors in the world, is a complex, multifactorial disease. The malignant transformation of bladder cells results from DNA mutations and alterations in gene expression levels. In this work, we used a bioinformatics approach to investigate the molecular mechanisms of bladder carcinoma. Biochips downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to analyze the gene expression profile in urinary bladder cells from individuals with carcinoma. The gene expression profile of normal genomes was used as a control. The analysis of gene expression revea...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Insights into the Melipona scutellaris (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) fat body transcriptome
In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome of the fat body from the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. In silico analysis of a set of cDNA library sequences yielded 1728 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and 997 high-quality sequences that were assembled into 29 contigs and 117 singlets. The BLAST X tool showed that 86% of the ESTs shared similarity with Apis mellifera (honeybee) genes. The M. scutellaris fat body ESTs encoded proteins with roles in numerous physiological processes, including anti-oxidation, phosphorylation, metabolism, detoxification, transmembrane transport, intracellular transport, cell proliferation, p...
Source: Genetics and Molecular Biology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Theriogenology)
Source: Theriogenology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Table of Contents
(Source: Theriogenology)
Source: Theriogenology - June 17, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism, alcohol use, and their interactions in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder - Kim TY, Chung HG, Shin HS, Kim SJ, Choi JH, Chung MY, An SK, Choi TK, So HS, Cho HS.
BACKGROUND: The symptomatology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is related not only to the intensity of the causative trauma, but also to alcohol use and genetic factors. Among the many candidate genes, the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is thought to... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - June 16, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Alcohol and Other Drugs Source Type: news

Court ruling on genes is a "victory for common sense"
Mary-Claire King, who discovered the BRCA1 and BRCA2 cancer-related genes, says she is delighted by the US Supreme Court ruling that makes it illegal to patent them (Source: New Scientist - Genetics)
Source: New Scientist - Genetics - June 16, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Mismatch repair proteins in recurrent prostate cancer.
Abstract Normal cell function requires strict control over the repair of DNA damage, which prevents excessive mutagenesis. An enhanced accumulation of mutations results in the multistep process generally known as carcinogenesis. Defects in repair pathways fuel such mutagenesis by allowing reiterative cycles of mutation, selection, and clonal expansion that drive cancer progression. The repair of mismatches is an important mechanism in the prevention of such genetic instability. In addition, proteins of this pathway have the unique ability to function in DNA damage response by inducing apoptosis when irreparable dam...
Source: Clinical Prostate Cancer - June 16, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jarzen J, Diamanduros A, Scarpinato KD Tags: Adv Clin Chem Source Type: research