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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 40.

Engineered oncolytic herpes virus inhibits ovarian and breast cancer metastases
A genetically reprogrammed Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can cure metastatic diffusion of human cancer cells in the abdomen of laboratory mice, according to a new study.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - February 1, 2013 Category: Science Source Type: news

New stroke gene discovery could lead to tailored treatments
Scientists have identified a new genetic variant associated with stroke. By exploring the genetic variants linked with blood clotting -- a process that can lead to a stroke -- scientists have discovered a gene which is associated with large vessel and cardioembolic stroke but has no connection to small vessel stroke.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - February 1, 2013 Category: Science Source Type: news

Scarred for life? The biology of childhood hardship
Suffering in our early years can have terrible after-effects – not only on us but also on our descendants. We're now closing in on how the biology works
Source: New Scientist - Genetics - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

A masterclass in teaching evolution
A biology teacher uses a bowl of sweets, a foul-tasting caterpillar and a 'jungle canopy' seething with 'wigglies' to enact the struggle for survival and the other core principles of evolutionOne fond recollection from my school days is a teacher – well ahead of his times – who would get us to clear the desks and chairs from the centre of the classroom so we could re-enact the battles and political manoeuvrings of the English Civil Wars. The Rump Parliament, the Battle of Naseby, the Self-Denying Ordinance – these words still resonate for me after all these years. It was a fun way to bring history alive and make at l...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - February 1, 2013 Category: Science Authors: James Kingsland Tags: Blogposts Genetics Evolution Biology guardian.co.uk Teacher Network Science Source Type: news

Genetic markers offer hope for tackling drug-resistant malaria
Newly discovered markers that appear to be linked to a hard-to-treat form of malaria could aid efforts to eliminate the disease before it can spread.
Source: SciDev.Net - February 1, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Nessie as evidence against evolution … and five odder things kids are taught | Jonny Scaramanga
The Accelerated Christian Education curriculum is used in more than 50 UK schools. How can it receive official backing?Accelerated Christian Education's fundamentalist curriculum is used by more than 50 British schools. It is known for silent classrooms where students teach themselves, using workbooks in isolated booths. Professor Harry Brighouse describes ACE's view as "a teleological account of American history as leading to the ultimate fulfilment of God's will". You may be unsurprised to learn that ACE was founded in Texas. ACE made headlines last year for a science textbook that cites the existence of the Loch Ness mo...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - February 1, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Jonny Scaramanga Tags: Comment Evolution Creationism World news guardian.co.uk Christianity Education Schools Religion Science Comment is free Source Type: news

Integrating optogenetic and pharmacological approaches to study neural circuit function: current applications and future directions.
Abstract Optogenetic strategies to control genetically distinct populations of neurons with light have been rapidly evolving and widely adopted by the neuroscience community as one of the most important tool sets to study neural circuit function. Although optogenetics have already reshaped neuroscience by allowing for more precise control of circuit function compared with traditional techniques, current limitations of these approaches should be considered. Here, we discuss several strategies that combine optogenetic and contemporary pharmacological techniques to further increase the specificity of neural circuit ma...
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - February 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Stuber GD, Mason AO Tags: Pharmacol Rev Source Type: research

Association between GABAA Receptor Subunit Gene Cluster and Zolpidem-Induced Complex Sleep Behaviors in Han Chinese
Conclusions:The finding reveals that the A15G variant at the GABAA α1 receptor subunit gene confers a high risk of zolpidem-induced CSBs and may be considered in clinical services.Citation:Tsai JH; Yang P; Lin HH; Cheng Kh; Yang YH; Wu MT; Chen CC. Association between GABAA receptor subunit gene cluster and zolpidem-induced complex sleep behaviors in Han Chinese. SLEEP 2013;36(2):197–202.
Source: Sleep - February 1, 2013 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research

Nurses At Forefront Of Genomics In Healthcare
NIH Stresses Importance of Genomics in Nursing Care in Medical Literature On April 14, 2003 a map of the human genome was completed, ushering in a new era of genetics in medicine with applications that include genetic testing; newborn screening; susceptibility to diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, or psychiatric conditions; screening, diagnosis and monitoring of disease; and treatment planning...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 1, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Nursing / Midwifery Source Type: news

Research Helps To Explain Early-Onset Puberty In Females
New research from Oregon Health & Science University has provided significant insight into the reasons why early-onset puberty occurs in females. The research, which was conducted at OHSU's Oregon National Primate Research Center, is published in the current early online edition of the journal Nature Neuroscience. The paper explains how OHSU scientists are investigating the role of epigenetics in the control of puberty. Epigenetics refers to changes in gene activity linked to external factors that do not involve changes to the genetic code itself...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 1, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Women's Health / Gynecology Source Type: news

The Universe Within by Neil Shubin – review
From walking fish to the human eye, life on Earth was shaped by a succession of cosmic accidentsWe come trailing not Wordsworth's clouds of glory but clouds of primal hydrogen and remnants of a galactic nebula, a fabric of cold stardust and droplets of water more than 4bn years old. We arrive with billions of years of accumulated baggage: with, for instance, an internal waste disposal system first developed in a jawless fish more than 500m years ago; and a body clock determined by the planet's spin as it orbits the sun. Spring fades into summer not because that is the natural order of things, but because the same cosm...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - February 1, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Tim Radford Tags: The Guardian Astronomy Biology Culture Reviews Books Science and nature Source Type: news

Beta carotene may protect from genetic Type II diabetes
A genetic predisposition to Type II diabetes is found among more than half of the U.S. population. But if this form of the disease "runs" in your family, you can lower your risk by losing weight and exercising. However, Stanford University School of Medicine investigators...
Source: NaturalNews.com - February 1, 2013 Category: Consumer Health Advice Source Type: news

Obligatory duetting behaviour in the Chrysoperla carnea‐group of cryptic species (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): its role in shaping evolutionary history
ABSTRACT An unusual system of communication has evolved in green lacewings of the Chrysoperla carnea‐group, triggering rapid proliferation of numerous cryptic species across all of the Northern Hemisphere and large portions of Africa. The system is based on sexually monomorphic, substrate‐borne vibrational signals, produced by abdominal oscillation. These low‐frequency signals are exchanged between courting individuals in a precise duetting format. The song of each of the more than 20 described species exhibits a unique acoustical phenotype that reproductively isolates the taxon from all other species with which it m...
Source: Biological Reviews - February 1, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Charles S. Henry, Stephen J. Brooks, Peter Duelli, James B. Johnson, Marta M. Wells, Atsushi Mochizuki Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Non‐centrosomal microtubules regulate F‐actin organization through the suppression of GEF‐H1 activity
Animal cells contain two populations of microtubules: one radiating from the centrosome and the other growing from non‐centrosomal sites. Whether or not they have differing roles in cellular architecture and function remains not fully understood. The cytoplasmic protein Nezha (also known as CAMSAP3) stabilizes non‐centrosomal microtubules by attaching to their minus ends. Here, we found that depletion of CAMSAP3 in HeLa cells resulted in a relative increase in centrosomal microtubules, and this change was accompanied by accelerated actin stress fiber formation. In these cells, RhoA activity was upregulated, and the sol...
Source: Genes to Cells - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Shigenori Nagae, Wenxiang Meng, Masatoshi Takeichi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

On the future of mass spectrometry based lipidomics
Abstract Lipids have highly diverse functions that go beyond cellular membrane structure and energy storage. One of the great challenges in lipid research will be to understand how the enormous complexity of lipid homeostasis is maintained. Genetic approaches combined with mass spectrometry‐based lipidomics will help to elucidate how cells create and maintain their non‐random lipid distribution within tissues, cells, organelles and lipid bilayers. Lipid homeostasis is crucial for many cellular processes and we are currently only at the beginning to understand the specific functions of lipids and the local environment t...
Source: FEBS Journal - February 1, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Ursula Loizides‐Mangold Tags: Minireview Source Type: research

A novel mutation in the DNM2 gene impairs dynamin 2 localization in skeletal muscle of a patient with late onset centronuclear myopathy
We report a 52-year old female with slowly progressive muscle weakness, and a family history of the disease. Clinical, morphological, biochemical and genetic analyses of the proband and her family members were performed, including analyses of the proband’s muscle biopsy. A novel D614N mutation, located in the C-terminal region pleckstrin-homology (PH) domain of DNM2 was identified in the proband and four family members, who exhibited similar symptoms. The mutation was associated with profound changes in the localization of DNM2 in muscle fibers without significant changes in protein expression. Mutated DNM2 and proteins ...
Source: Neuromuscular Disorders - February 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Biruta Kierdaszuk, Mariusz Berdynski, Justyna Karolczak, Maria Jolanta Redowicz, Cezary Zekanowski, Anna M. Kaminska Tags: Research papers Source Type: research

mRNA profiling for vaginal fluid and menstrual blood identification
Abstract: The detection and identification of human biological fluids, including vaginal secretions and menstrual blood, are highly important in forensic biology. Previous studies have proposed a few mRNA and bacterial markers for vaginal fluid detection, but they have not proven to be specific and reliable. The aim of this project was to develop, validate and evaluate a reliable, specific test for vaginal fluid identification that would combine detection of vaginal mRNAs and Lactobacilli. We have developed a hexaplex that detects HBD1 (human beta-defensin 1), MUC4 (mucin 4), menstrual blood marker MMP11 (matrix metallopro...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics - February 1, 2013 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Joanna Jakubowska, Agnieszka Maciejewska, Ryszard Pawłowski, Krzysztof Piotr Bielawski Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics - February 1, 2013 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research

Encoding anatomy: Developmental gene regulatory networks and morphogenesis
ABSTRACT A central challenge of developmental and evolutionary biology is to explain how anatomy is encoded in the genome. Anatomy emerges progressively during embryonic development, as a consequence of morphogenetic processes. The specialized properties of embryonic cells and tissues that drive morphogenesis, like other specialized properties of cells, arise as a consequence of differential gene expression. Recently, gene regulatory networks (GRNs) have proven to be powerful conceptual and experimental tools for analyzing the genetic control and evolution of developmental processes. A major current goal is to link these t...
Source: genesis - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Charles A. Ettensohn Tags: Review Source Type: research

Hereditary hemochromatosis.
Abstract Hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive disorder that disrupts the body's regulation of iron. It is the most common genetic disease in whites. Men have a 24-fold increased rate of iron-overload disease compared with women. Persons who are homozygous for the HFE gene mutation C282Y comprise 85 to 90 percent of phenotypically affected persons. End-organ damage or clinical manifestations of hereditary hemochromatosis occur in approximately 10 percent of persons homozygous for C282Y. Symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis are nonspecific and typically absent in the early stages. If present, sympto...
Source: American Family Physician - February 1, 2013 Category: Primary Care Authors: Crownover BK, Covey CJ Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

mTor regulates tau phosphorylation and degradation: implications for alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies
Summary Accumulation of tau is a critical event in several neurodegenerative disorders, collectively known as tauopathies, which include Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. Pathological tau is hyperphosphorylated and aggregates to form neurofibrillary tangles. The molecular mechanisms leading to tau accumulation remain unclear and more needs to be done to elucidate them. Age is a major risk factor for all tauopathies, suggesting that molecular changes contributing to the aging process may facilitate tau accumulation and represent common mechanisms across different tauopathies. Here, we use multiple animal mode...
Source: Aging Cell - February 1, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Antonella Caccamo, Andrea Magrì, David X. Medina, Elena V. Wisely, Manuel F. López‐Aranda, Alcino J. Silva, Salvatore Oddo Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Regulation of daunorubicin biosynthesis in Streptomyces peucetius – feed forward and feedback transcriptional control
Abstract Streptomyces are a major group of soil bacteria that produce wide range of bioactive compounds including antibiotics. Daunorubicin is a chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of certain types of cancer, which is produced as a secondary metabolite by S. peucetius. Owing to the significance of this drug in treating cancer, understanding the molecular mechanism of its biosynthesis will assist in the genetic manipulation of this strain for better drug yields. Additionally, the knowledge can also be applied to design hybrid antibiotics that can be made in vivo by transferring genes from one Streptomyces species to anothe...
Source: Journal of Basic Microbiology - February 1, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar, Karuppasamy Kattusamy, Ranjan Prasad Tags: Review Source Type: research

Aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases in medicine and disease
Abstract Aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential and ubiquitous ‘house‐keeping’ enzymes responsible for charging amino acids to their cognate tRNAs and providing the substrates for global protein synthesis. Recent studies have revealed a role of multiple ARSs in pathology, and their potential use as pharmacological targets and therapeutic reagents. The ongoing discovery of genetic mutations in human ARSs is increasing exponentially and can be considered an important determinant of disease etiology. Several chemical compounds target bacterial, fungal and human ARSs as antibiotics or disease‐targeting medic...
Source: EMBO Molecular Medicine - February 1, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Peng Yao, Paul L. Fox Tags: Review Source Type: research

Electrical stimulation of cardiac adipose tissue‐derived progenitor cells modulates cell phenotype and genetic machinery
Abstract A major challenge of cardiac tissue engineering is directing cells to establish the physiological structure and function of the myocardium being replaced. Our aim was to examine the effect of electrical stimulation on the cardiodifferentiation potential of cardiac adipose tissue‐derived progenitor cells (cardiac ATDPCs). Three different electrical stimulation protocols were tested; the selected protocol consisted of 2 ms monophasic square‐wave pulses of 50 mV/cm at 1 Hz over 14 days. Cardiac and subcutaneous ATDPCs were grown on biocompatible patterned surfaces. Cardiomyogenic differentiation was exami...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - February 1, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: A. Llucià‐Valldeperas, B. Sanchez, C. Soler‐Botija, C. Gálvez‐Montón, C. Prat‐Vidal, S. Roura, J. Rosell‐Ferrer, R. Bragos, A. Bayes‐Genis Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

The molecular genetics of avian sex determination and its manipulation
Abstract The chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) has long been a useful model for developmental biologists. The developing avian embryo is easily accessible and fertile eggs are widely available. In addition, the embryo is also amenable to genetic manipulation allowing studies on many important morphological and cellular processes. More recently, the ability to directly manipulate gene expression through the production of transgenic or mutant chicken embryos by viral delivery methods has been useful to analyse gene function in a wide range of tissues, including the developing gonads. Chickens are amniotes and their developm...
Source: genesis - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Katie L. Ayers, Craig A. Smith, Luke S. Lambeth Tags: Review Source Type: research

The phenotypic spectrum of ZIC3 mutations includes isolated d‐transposition of the great arteries and double outlet right ventricle
Abstract Disease causing mutations for heterotaxy syndrome were first identified in the X‐linked laterality gene, ZIC3. Mutations typically result in males with situs ambiguus and complex congenital heart disease; however affected females and one male with isolated d‐transposition of the great arteries (d‐TGA) have been reported. We hypothesized that a subset of patients with heart defects common to heterotaxy but without laterality defects would have ZIC3 mutations. We also sought to estimate the prevalence of ZIC3 mutations in sporadic heterotaxy. Patients with TGA (n = 169), double outlet right ventricle (DORV...
Source: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Lisa C.A. D'Alessandro, Brande C. Latney, Prasuna C. Paluru, Elizabeth Goldmuntz Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Sex Differences In The Effects Of Chronic Stress And Food Restriction On Body Weight Gain And Brain Expression Of Crf And Relaxin‐3 In Rats
CONCLUSION: An increase in the expression of orexigenic relaxin‐3 and misbalanced HPA axis activity may contribute to the overeating and increased body weight seen in chronically stressed and repeatedly food‐restricted female rats. Repeated stress and food restriction decreased (RCEm‐S) and increased (RCEf‐S) body weight gain of male and female rats, respectively
Source: Genes, Brain and Behavior - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Christophe Lenglos, Arojit Mitra, Geneviève Guèvremont, Elena Timofeeva Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Functional Interactions between Matrix Metalloproteinases and Glycosaminoglycans
Abstract As for most proteinases, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) do not recognize a consensus cleavage site. Thus, it is not surprising that in a defined, in vitro reaction most MMPs can act on a wide range of proteins, including many extracellular matrix proteins. However, findings from in vivo studies with genetic models have demonstrated that individual MMPs act on just a few extracellular protein substrates–and typically not matrix proteins. The limited, precise functions of an MMP imply that mechanisms evolved to control the specificity of proteinase:substrate interactions. Here we discuss that interactions with th...
Source: FEBS Journal - February 1, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Autumn Tocchi, William C. Parks Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

[Metabolic alteration in healthy men with first degree type 2 diabetic relatives].
Conclusions: These data suggest that deteriorations of insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance is preceded by disturbances of fatty acid metabolism. The observed alteration in free fatty acid/adiponectin ratio, and/or the absence of free fatty acid suppression during glucose tolerance tests could be a screening tool for diabetes risk among men. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 178-186. PMID: 23395743 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - February 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Pauer J, Fék A, Buday B, Literáti-Nagy B, Pach P, Vitai M, Péterfai E, Korányi L Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[Probiotics in gastroenterology - from a different angle.]
Abstract After a short overview of the history of probiotics, the author presents the development of human intestinal microflora based on the newest genetic data and the microbiological features of main probiotics. The indications of probiotic administration have been defined and extended in recent years. The author reviews significant results of probiotic treatment in some gastrointestinal diseases based on meta-analytical data. Probiotics are useful in preventing and treating diarrhoea caused by antibiotics and Clostridium difficile caused diarrhoea. In the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, preparations...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - February 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Buzás GM Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

Cancer Risks in Parents Who had a Child with a Congenital Malformation
We present all results on paper or online to provide clues for further research and to avoid publication bias.
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - February 1, 2013 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Yuelian Sun, Kim Overvad, Wei Jin Zhou, Jin Liang Zhu, Jørn Olsen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Tamoxifen-induced venothromboembolic events: exploring validation of putative genetic association.
Conclusion Accrual rates to the larger prospective study will require a multi-center design to ensure enrollment of adequate numbers of cases and controls for achieving the projected sample size required to validate association of the ER SNPs. To prevent study failure due to poor accrual, the importance of conducting feasibility studies before launching large scale validation studies of genetic association and adverse drug events, is discussed. PMID: 23411630 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Clinical Medicine and Research - February 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Glurich I, Chyou PH, Engel JM, Cross DS, Onitilo AA Tags: Clin Med Res Source Type: research

Generation and characterization of KsprtTA and KsptTA transgenic mice
Abstract The advent of technologies that allow tissue specific expression or ablation of genes has contributed enormously to our knowledge of the mechanism regulating organ development and maintenance in mice. The tetracycline inducible system allows reversible regulation of gene products upon administration of Doxycycline. Here we describe the generation and activity of two transgenic lines expressing the cDNAs for the Tet responsive transcription factors rtTA and tTA (Tet‐on and off) respectively under the control of an element that drives expression in the epithelium of the developing and adult kidney. Both lines show...
Source: genesis - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Xinchao Pan, Erin V. Small, Peter Igarashi, Thomas J. Carroll Tags: Technology Report Source Type: research

So Close, So Far Away: Analysis of Surnames in a Town of Twins (Cândido Godói, Brazil)
Summary Cândido Godói is a small Brazilian town known for high rates of twin birth. In 2011, a genetic study showed that this localized high rate of twin births could be explained by a genetic founder effect. Here we used isonymic analysis and surname distribution to identify population subgroups within 5316 inhabitants and 665 different surnames. Four clusters were constructed based on different twin rates (P < 0.001; MRPP test). Fisher's α and consanguinity index showed low and high values, respectively, corresponding with observed values in isolated communities with high levels of genetic drift. Values of A and B ...
Source: Annals of Human Genetics - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Marcelo Zagonel De Oliveira, Lavínia Schüler‐Faccini, Dario A. Demarchi, Emma L. Alfaro, José E. Dipierri, Mauricio R. Veronez, Marlise Colling Cassel, Alice Tagliani‐Ribeiro, Ursula Silveira Matte, Virginia Ramallo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

From the Editor: Learning from defects
The Journal of Clinical Lipidology has attempted to maintain its focus on lipoprotein disorders in humans by emphasizing clinical management but also cultivating a strong interest in the disorders of lipid metabolism that contain lessons regarding pathophysiology. The current issue contains demonstrative studies of deranged physiology that are attributable to genetic defects in patients. These articles teach lessons and answer questions that laboratory or animal experiments cannot adequately address. When the clinical presentations are studied in an imaginative manner, the information derived can lead to strong affirmation...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - February 1, 2013 Category: Lipidology Authors: W. Virgil Brown Tags: Foreword Source Type: research

Expression and Characterization of Recombinant Molecules in Transgenic Soybean.
Abstract Seeds are organs specialized in accumulating proteins, and they may provide a potential economically viable platform for the large-scale production and storage of many molecules for pharmaceutical and other productive sectors. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] has a high seed protein content and represents an excellent source of abundant and cheap biomass. Under greenhouse conditions and a daily photoperiod of 23 h of light, the soybean plant's vegetative growth can be significantly extended by inducing more than a tenfold increase in seed production when compared with plants cultivated under field condit...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: da Cunha NB, Murad AM, Vianna GR, Coelho C, Rech EL Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Risk assessment and regulation of molecular farming-a comparison between Europe and US.
Abstract In this article, the general principles of genetically modified (GM) plant risk assessment and the regulatory framework for contained use and open field production of plant-made pharmaceuticals/plant-made industrials (PMP/PMI) are described. While significant progress has been made for the containment grown (plant cell culture) production of PMPs, with the first regulatory approval made by the FDA in 2012, the commercialization of medicinal or industrial products produced in the field has yet to emerge in either Europe or the US. In the current paper, we discribe the regulatory environment in Europe and th...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sparrow P, Broer I, Hood EE, Eversole K, Hartung F, Schiemann J Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Hybrid Viral Vectors for Vaccine and Antibody Production in Plants.
This article presents an overview of plant hybrid viral vector expression systems developed so far. PMID: 23394571 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yusibov V, Streatfield SJ, Kushnir N, Roy G, Padmanaban A Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Horizontal gene transfer of a genetic island encoding a type III secretion system distributed in Vibrio cholerae
Abstract A total of 12 Vibrio cholerae isolates with genes for a type III secretion system (T3SS) were detected from 110 environmental and 14 clinical isolates. T3SS‐related genes were distributed among the various serogroups, and these strains showed genetic diversity in the PFGE of NotI‐digested genomes. However, the restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles of the T3SS‐related genes showed similar patterns. Additionally, natural competent T3SS‐negative V. cholerae incorporated the ca. 47kb gene cluster of T3SS, which integrated into a site of the chromosome by recombination. Therefore, it was suggested t...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - February 1, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Masatomo Morita, Shouji Yamamoto, Hirotaka Hiyoshi, Toshio Kodama, Masatoshi Okura, Eiji Arakawa, Munirul Alam, Makoto Ohnishi, Hidemasa Izumiya, Haruo Watanabe Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Ichthyosis in the newborn
This article reviews presentations of ichthyosis in the neonate, outlines risks and complications, and provides strategies for management.
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - February 1, 2013 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Brittany G. Craiglow Source Type: research

Birthmarks of medical significance in the neonate
Abstract: Birthmarks are commonplace and most pose no significant detriment to health. It is usual for some ‘birthmarks’ to manifest within the first weeks to months of life and are not necessarily seen at birth. This is attributed in large part to the maturation of neonatal skin and the deepening of skin color over time. With time, increased pigment production in the skin by melanocytes eventually highlight the differences between normal and abnormal hypopigmented and hyperpigmented anomalies of the skin. Birthmarks can be seen as an isolated skin condition or serve as an important diagnostic aid for other more signif...
Source: Seminars in Perinatology - February 1, 2013 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Latanya T. Benjamin Source Type: research

Embryonic stem cells of the non‐human primate Callithrix jacchus can be differentiated into definitive endoderm by Activin‐A but not IDE‐1/2
Abstract Pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for regenerative medicine, due to their unlimited self‐renewal potential and the ability to differentiate into all somatic cell types. Differences between the rodent disease models and the situation in humans can be narrowed down with non‐human primate models. The common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) is an interesting model for biomedical research because these animals are easy to breed, get relatively old (≤ 13 years), are small in size, are relatively cost‐effective and have a high genetic proximity to the human. In particular, diseases of the liver and pa...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - February 1, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ulf Diekmann, Ortwin Naujok, Rainer Blasczyk, Thomas Müller Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Extraembryonic Endoderm cells as a model of endoderm development
In recent years the multipotent extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) stem cells have been the center of much attention. In vivo, XEN cells contribute to the formation of the extraembryonic endoderm, visceral and parietal endoderm and later on, the yolk sac. Recent data have shown that the distinction between embryonic and extraembryonic endoderm is not as strict as previously thought due to the integration, and not the displacement, of the visceral endoderm into the definitive embryonic endoderm. Therefore, cells from the extraembryonic endoderm also contribute to definitive endoderm. Many research groups focused on unraveling th...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - February 1, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Asja T. Moerkamp, Agnieszka Paca, Marie‐José Goumans, Tilo Kunath, Boudewijn P. T. Kruithof, Marianna Kruithof‐de Julio Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Inflammatory factors gene polymorphism in recurrent oral ulceration
ConclusionsThis study suggests that the TNF‐α (rs1800629 and rs1800630) genotype is an indicator for the susceptibility of recurrent oral ulceration.
Source: Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine - February 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Mao Sun, Shan‐Min Fu, Guang‐Ying Dong, Dan Wu, Guo‐Xia Wang, Yuanming Wu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Novel CYP2B6 Enzyme Variants in a Rwandese Population: Functional Characterization and Assessment of in silico Prediction Tools
Abstract Cytochrome P450 CYP2B6 is a highly polymorphic enzyme that metabolizes numerous drugs, pesticides, and environmental toxins. Sequence analysis of a Rwandese population identified eight functionally uncharacterized non‐synonymous variants c.329G>T (p.G110V), c.341T>C (p.I114T), c.444G>T (p.E148D), c.548T>G (p.V183G), c.637T>C (p.F213L), c.758G>A (p.R253H), c.835G>C (p.A279P), c.1459C>A (p.R487S) and five novel alleles termed CYP2B6*33 to CYP2B6*37 were assigned. Recombinant expression in COS‐1 cells and functional characterization using the antidepressant bupropion and the antiretroviral...
Source: Human Mutation - February 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Robert Radloff, Alain Gras, Ulrich M. Zanger, Cécile Masquelier, Karthik Arumugam, Jean‐Claude Karasi, Vic Arendt, Carole Seguin‐Devaux, Kathrin Klein Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Genetic diversity and population structure of two lancelets along the coast of china.
Abstract The western Pacific lancelet, once recognized as a monospecies, Branchiostoma belcheri, is a frequently used model in evolutionary and developmental studies, and researchers usually collect samples from the field without consideration of species identification and genetic divergence. However, recent studies found divergence of the lancelets from different localities and divided this monospecies into two separate species (S. belcheri and B. japonicum). To further estimate the genetic diversity of lancelet populations and the cause of their formation, we sampled 70 individuals from four major distribution ar...
Source: Zoological Science - February 1, 2013 Category: Zoology Authors: Li W, Zhong J, Wang Y Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: research

Influence of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphisms (-786T/C, 4a4b, 894G/T) on Iranian Kidney Transplant Recipients.
CONCLUSION: Recipient endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms do not alter the risk of acute rejection after a renal transplant. Rejection is a complex immunologic event. Therefore, finding associated genetic variants demands a multicentric larger sample size. PMID: 23387538 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation - February 1, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Azarpira N, Aghdai MH, Geramizadeh B, Bahador A, Ayatolahi M, Darai M Tags: Exp Clin Transplant Source Type: research

Do researchers have an obligation to actively look for genetic incidental findings?
We present an ethical framework for analyzing whether there is a positive duty to look for genetic incidental findings. Using the ancillary care framework as a guide, we identify three main criteria that must be present to give rise to an obligation to look: high benefit to participants, lack of alternative access for participants, and reasonable burden on researchers. Our analysis indicates that there is no obligation to look for incidental findings today, but during the ongoing translation of genomic analysis from research to clinical care, this obligation may arise. PMID: 23391059 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The American Journal of Bioethics : AJOB - February 1, 2013 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Gliwa C, Berkman BE Tags: Am J Bioeth Source Type: research

Reframing the ethical debate regarding incidental findings in genetic research.
PMID: 23391061 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The American Journal of Bioethics : AJOB - February 1, 2013 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Garrett JR Tags: Am J Bioeth Source Type: research