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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 31.

Higher levels of psychological distress are associated with a higher risk of incident diabetes during 18 year follow-up: results from the British Household Panel Survey
Conclusions: Higher levels of psychological distress are a risk factor for the development of diabetes during an 18 year follow up period. This association may be potentially mediated by low energy level and impaired health status.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 23, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Paula MommersteegRaphael HerrWobbe ZijlstraSven SchneiderFrançois Pouwer Source Type: research

Contraception matters: Indicators of poor usage of contraception in sexually active women attending family planning clinics in Victoria, Australia
Background: Unintended pregnancy (mistimed or unwanted) remains an important health issue for women. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with risk of unintended pregnancy in a sample of Victorian women attending family planning clinics. Methods: This cross-sectional survey of three Family Planning Victoria Clinics from April to July 2011 recruited women aged 16-50 years with a male sexual partner in the last 3 months, and not intending to conceive. The questionnaire asked about contraceptive behaviours and important factors that influence contraception use (identified from a ...
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 23, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jason OngMeredith Temple-SmithWilliam WongKathleen McNameeChristopher Fairley Source Type: research

Relationships among sense of coherence, resources, and mental health in urban and rural residents in Japan
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that resources available to urban and rural residents are characteristic of the area where they live, and that social and psychological resources as well as SOC are associated with better mental health. Possible directions for health support strategies, reflecting regional characteristics, are suggested.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 23, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Yoko TsunoYoshihiko Yamazaki Source Type: research

Am J Public Health; +83 new citations
83 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: Am J Public Health These pubmed results were generated on 2012/12/22PubMed, a service of the National Library of Medicine, includes over 15 million citations for biomedical articles back to the 1950's. These citations are from MEDLINE and additional life science journals. PubMed includes links to many sites providing full text articles and other related resources.
Source: Am J Public Health - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Report Source Type: research

Epigenetic modifications in hepatic stellate cells contribute to liver fibrosis.
Abstract Liver fibrosis represents the final common pathway of virtually all types of chronic liver diseases, and it has been a major public health concern. Many genes have been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, while the mechanisms underlying gene regulation still needs further research. On the other hand, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are quiescent cells in the perisinusoidal space in liver. HSCs facilitate hepatocytes interactions via releasing soluble inflammatory factors and producing extracellular matrix. HSCs can be activated in response to liver injury, and they differentiat...
Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine - December 22, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Zhao Q, Qin CY, Zhao ZH, Fan YC, Wang K Tags: Tohoku J Exp Med Source Type: research

Safeguarding abortion: a matter of reproductive rights.
PMID: 23215954 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Public Health - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Gruskin S Tags: Am J Public Health Source Type: research

Marketplace.
Authors: PMID: 23215955 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Public Health - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Am J Public Health Source Type: research

Job opportunities.
Authors: PMID: 23215956 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Public Health - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Am J Public Health Source Type: research

Erratum.
PMID: 23215957 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Public Health - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Lin SF, Beck AN, Finch BK, Hummer RA, Masters RK Tags: Am J Public Health Source Type: research

Health risks from water and new challenges for the future. Preface.
PMID: 23247130 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Funari E Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Chemicals in the water environment. Where do the real and future threats lie?
Abstract There are many potential sources of chemical constituents and contaminants in water that can reach drinking water. Not all substances will be present in any particular water. Some substances may be of benefit to health but others can be a threat. However, very few have been clearly shown to cause adverse health effects in humans through drinking water and evidence may be complicated by simultaneous exposure through food. Our knowledge of contaminants in water is, however, incomplete as additional contaminants emerge with advancing analytical methods. Most of these emerging contaminants are present as a con...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Fawell J Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Long-term risks of metal contaminants in drinking water: a critical appraisal of guideline values for arsenic and vanadium.
Abstract Metal contaminants in drinking water represent a relevant health issue in several areas of the world. In Italy, because of the geological features of the territory, high arsenic and vanadium are frequently reported in ground waters in concentrations above current guideline values. The implications for public health of the presence of contaminants above their legal limit are directly related to the biological basis of the guideline value. In the case of arsenic there are still major uncertainties in the mechanism of carcinogenesis which prevent a precise evaluation of long-term risks. Thus, the guideline va...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Crebelli R, Leopardi P Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Radioactivity in drinking water: regulations, monitoring results and radiation protection issues.
Abstract Introduction. Drinking waters usually contain several natural radionuclides: tritium, radon, radium, uranium isotopes, etc. Their concentrations vary widely since they depend on the nature of the aquifer, namely, the prevailing lithology and whether there is air in it or not. Aims. In this work a broad overview of the radioactivity in drinking water is presented: national and international regulations, for limiting the presence of radioactivity in waters intended for human consumption; results of extensive campaigns for monitoring radioactivity in drinking waters, including mineral bottled waters, carried ...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Nuccetelli C, Rusconi R, Forte M Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

The risk of contracting infectious diseases in public swimming pools. A review.
Abstract A review of pathogenic microorganisms presenting risk of infection in pool based artificial recreational water venues is extracted from the available scientific literature. The microorganisms are grouped both according to their way of spread and their survival and growth strategies and their characteristics relevant for the pool and spa based recreation are discussed. In order to put the proposed risks on a solid basis, among others a ten year excerpt of the waterborne disease statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is used throughout the article. PMID: 23247134 [PubMed - as ...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Barna ZF, Kaacute Daacute R ML Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Health impact of disinfection by-products in swimming pools.
This article is focused on the epidemiological evidence on the health impacts related to disinfection by-products (DBPs) in swimming pools, which is a chemical hazard generated as an undesired consequence to reduce the microbial pathogens. Specific DBPs are carcinogenic, fetotoxic and/or irritant to the airways according to experimental studies. Epidemiological evidence shows that swimming in pools during pregnancy is not associated with an increased risk of reproductive outcomes. An epidemiological study suggested an increased risk of bladder cancer with swimming pool attendance, although evidence is inconclusive. A highe...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Villanueva CM, Font-Ribera L Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Emerging and potentially emerging viruses in water environments.
Abstract Among microorganisms, viruses are best fit to become emerging pathogens since they are able to adapt not only by mutation but also through recombination and reassortment and can thus become able to infect new hosts and to adjust to new environments. Enteric viruses are among the commonest and most hazardous waterborne pathogens, causing both sporadic and outbreak-related illness. The main health effect associated with enteric viruses is gastrointestinal illness, but they can also cause respiratory symptoms, conjunctivitis, hepatitis, central nervous system infections, and chronic diseases. Non-enteric viru...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: La Rosa G, Fratini M, Della Libera S, Iaconelli M, Muscillo M Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Sanitary problems related to the presence of Ostreopsis spp. in the Mediterranean Sea: a multidisciplinary scientific approach.
Abstract The increased presence of potentially toxic microalgae in the Mediterranean area is a matter of great concern. Since the end of the last century, microalgae of the genus Ostreopsis have been detected more and more frequently in the Italian coastal waters. The presence of Ostreopsis spp. has been accompanied by the presence of previously undetected marine biotoxins (palytoxins) into the ecosystem with the increased possibility of human exposure. In response to the urgent need for toxicity characterization of palytoxin and its congeners, an integrated study encompassing both in vitro and in vivo methods was ...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Del Favero G, Sosa S, Pelin M, D'Orlando E, Florio C, Lorenzon P, Poli M, Tubaro A Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Emerging health issues of cyanobacterial blooms.
Abstract This paper describes emerging issue related to cyanobacterial dynamics and toxicity and human health risks. Data show an increasing cyanobacteria expansion and dominance in many environments. However there are still few information on the toxic species fitness, or on the effects of specific drivers on toxin production. Open research fields are related to new exposure scenario (cyanotoxins in water used for haemodialysis and in food supplements); to new patterns of co-exposure between cyanotoxins and algal toxins and/or anthropogenic chemicals; to dynamics affecting toxicity and production of different cyan...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Manganelli M, Scardala S, Stefanelli M, Palazzo F, Funari E, Vichi S, Buratti FM, Testai E Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis.
This article documents how waterborne Cryptosporidium outbreaks are identified and reported, how such outbreaks have acted as drivers of regulatory change, and some of the recent developments in the detection and investigation of these outbreaks and their spread, especially the application of molecular typing assays. PMID: 23247139 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Chalmers RM Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

The importance of waterborne disease outbreak surveillance in the United States.
This article describes the changing nature of disease outbreaks in public water systems during 1971-2008 and discusses the importance of a collaborative waterborne outbreak surveillance system established in 1971. Increasing reports of outbreaks throughout the early 1980s emphasized that microbial contaminants remained a health-risk challenge for suppliers of drinking water. Outbreak investigations identified the responsible etiologic agents and deficiencies in the treatment and distribution of drinking water, especially the high risk associated with unfiltered surface water systems. Surveillance information was important ...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Craun GF Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Vaccine preventable viral diseases and risks associated with waterborne transmission.
Abstract Rotavirus and poliovirus are paradigmatic viruses for causing major diseases affecting the human population. The impact of poliovirus is remarkably diminished because of vaccination during the last half century. Poliomyelitis due to wild polio currently affects a limited number of countries, and since 2000 sporadic outbreaks have been associated to neurovirulent vaccine-derived polioviruses. Conversely, rotavirus is presently very diffuse, accounting for the largest fraction of severe gastroenteritis among children <5 years-old. Vaccination towards rotavirus is still in its dawn, and zoonotic strains co...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Ruggeri FM, Fiore L Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Impact of climate change on waterborne diseases.
Abstract Change in climate and water cycle will challenge water availability but it will also increase the exposure to unsafe water. Floods, droughts, heavy storms, changes in rain pattern, increase of temperature and sea level, they all show an increasing trend worldwide and will affect biological, physical and chemical components of water through different paths thus enhancing the risk of waterborne diseases. This paper is intended, through reviewing the available literature, to highlight environmental changes and critical situations caused by floods, drought and warmer temperature that will lead to an increase o...
Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita - December 22, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Funari E, Manganelli M, Sinisi L Tags: Ann Ist Super Sanita Source Type: research

Our Global Mission
The Journal of Adolescent Health has expanded its Editorial Board to be more reflective of our global mission to improve the health and well-being of adolescents and young adults. As Patton and Michaud have pointed out in these pages, it is increasingly clear that we must refocus our efforts on young people throughout the world, especially those in low- and middle-income countries . Given that >50% of the manuscripts submitted to our Journal come from outside of the United States, the editors have decided to expand our Editorial Board to include a broader range of disciplines, countries, and continents. Disciplines represe...
Source: Journal of Adolescent Health - December 22, 2012 Category: Child Development Authors: Charles E. Irwin, Tor D. Berg Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

[Chronic heart failure with impaired left ventricular function (systolic heart failure)].
Abstract Chronic heart failure is a common public health problem. The disease has a poor prognosis with high mortality rate and the incidence increases continuously. Prognosis of chronic systolic heart failure can be improved by several different medications as well as by special cardiac interventions based on the newly-published European and American guidelines. In case of severe systolic dysfunction, hospitalization and mortality can be reduced using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blocking drugs, beta-receptor blocking agents and aldosterone antagonists, as evidenced in multicentri...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hőgye M, Forster T Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

Neuraminidase Inhibitor Susceptibility Testing of Influenza Type B Viruses in China during 2010 and 2011 Identifies Viruses with Reduced Susceptibility to Oseltamivir and Zanamivir.
This report underlies the importance of continued influenza antiviral susceptibility surveillance globally, even in countries where the use of NAIs has been low or non-existing. PMID: 23267831 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Antiviral Research - December 22, 2012 Category: Virology Authors: Wang D, Sleeman K, Huang W, Nguyen HT, Levine M, Cheng Y, Li X, Tan M, Xing X, Xu X, Klimov AI, Gubareva LV, Shu Y Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: research

Determining adult type 2 diabetes-related health care needs in an indigenous population from rural Guatemala: a mixed-methods preliminary study
Conclusions: This study provides a preliminary sketch of type 2 diabetes in an indigenous Guatemalan population. Combined qualitative and quantitative data point towards particular needs for implementation and future research, including the need to address gaps in diabetes knowledge, to improve social support systems, and to address the cost barriers associated with disease treatment.
Source: BMC Health Services Research - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Anita CharyMiranda GreinerCody BowersPeter Rohloff Source Type: research

Personal characteristics related to the risk of adolescent internet addiction: a survey in Shanghai, China
This study aims to explore the prevalence of AIA and associated symptoms in a large population-based sample in Shanghai and identify potential predictors related to personal characteristics. Methods: In 2007, 5,122 adolescents were randomly chosen from 16 high schools of different school types (junior, senior key, senior ordinary and senior vocational) in Shanghai with stratified-random sampling. Each student completed a self-administered and anonymous questionnaire that included DRM 52 Scale of Internet-use. The DRM 52 scale was adapted for use in Shanghai from Young's Internet Addiction Scale and contained 7 subscales re...
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 22, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jian XuLi-xiao ShenChong-huai YanHoward HuFang YangLu WangSudha KothaLi-na ZhangXiang-peng LiaoJun ZhangFeng-xiu OuyangJin-song ZhangXiao-ming Shen Source Type: research

Active trachoma and associated risk factors among children in Baso Liben District of East Gojjam, Ethiopia
Conclusion: Active trachoma is a major public problem among 1--9 years children and significantly associated with a number of risky factors. Improvement in awareness of facial hygiene, environmental conditions, mass antibiotic distribution and health education on trachoma transmission and prevention should be strengthened in the District.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 22, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Kassahun KetemaMoges TirunehDesalegn WoldeyohannesDagnachew Muluye Source Type: research

Healthy migrants but unhealthy offspring? a retrospective cohort study among Italians in Switzerland
Conclusions: The mortality risks of first- and second-generation Italians vary substantially. The healthy migrant effect and health disadvantage among second-generation Italians show characteristic age/sex patterns. Future investigation of health behavior and cause-specific mortality is needed to better understand different mortality risks. Such insights will facilitate adequate prevention and health promotion efforts.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 22, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Silvan TarnutzerMatthias Bopp Source Type: research

Effects of self-rated health on sick leave, disability pension, hospital admissions and mortality. A population-based longitudinal study of nearly 15,000 observations among Swedish women and men
Background: Simple global self-ratings of health (SRH) have become increasingly used in national and international public health monitoring, and in recent decades recommended as a standard part of health surveys. Monitoring developments in population health requires identification and use of health measures, valid in relation to targets for population health. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between SRH and sick leave, disability pension, hospital admissions, and mortality, adjusted for effects of significant covariates, in a large population-based cohort. Methods: The analyses were based on scr...
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 22, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Christina HalfordThorne WallmanLennart WelinAnnika RosengrenAnnika BardelSaga JohanssonHenry ErikssonEd PalmerLars WilhelmsenKurt Svärdsudd Source Type: research

50 Years Ago in The Journal of Pediatrics: Feeding Value of Soy Milks for Premature Infants
Omans WB, Leuterer W, Gyorgy P. J Pediatr 1963;62:98-106 In an effort to test the acceptability and toxicity of protein-rich foods mandated by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund, formulas prepared from soy protein were studied in rats and in premature infants. Premature infants were selected because of their rapid growth and prolonged hospitalization. Formulas (4 soy-based and 1 cow milk–based formulas) were evaluated in rats on the basis of the protein efficiency ratio (gram of weight gain per gram of test protein). Despite similar total protein contents, all soy formulas had lower pro...
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - December 21, 2012 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Richard J. Schanler Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Children’s Environmental Health
With rising incidence rates reported for asthma, birth defects, neurodevelopmental disorders, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and preterm birth, there has been a concomitant increase in the recognition of the importance of toxic chemicals in our environment. In 1993, the National Academy of Sciences published a landmark report, Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children, which emphasized that children are both more exposed and particularly vulnerable. Exposures in utero and in the first few years of life have disproportionate effects. Relative to their body weight, children breathe more air, drink more water, and eat more f...
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - December 21, 2012 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Allen J. Dozor, Robert W. Amler Tags: Notes from the Association of Medical School Pediatric Department Chairs, Inc. Source Type: research

Characteristics Associated with Consumption of Sports and Energy Drinks among US Adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2010
Abstract: Sales of sports and energy drinks have increased dramatically, but there is limited information on regular consumers of sports and energy drinks. Characteristics associated with sports and energy drink intake were examined among a sample representing the civilian noninstitutionalized US adult population. The 2010 National Health Interview Survey data for 25,492 adults (18 years of age or older; 48% males) were used. Nationwide, 31.3% of adults were sports and energy drink consumers during the past 7 days, with 21.5% consuming sports and energy drinks one or more times per week and 11.5% consuming sports and ener...
Source: Journal of the American Dietetic Association - December 21, 2012 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sohyun Park, Stephen Onufrak, Heidi M. Blanck, Bettylou Sherry Tags: Research and Professional Briefs Source Type: research

Advantages and Disadvantages of an Automated Weighed Intake Dietary Assessment Tool Requiring Minimal Participant Burden for Use at Congregate Meal Sites
INACCURATE DIETARY INTAKE DATA CAN RESULT IN erroneous conclusions regarding the link between diet and disease. Embracing alternative dietary assessment technology could equip clinicians, researchers, public health professionals, and policy makers directing diet-related prevention and treatment. All dietary assessment tools have some disadvantages. Self-recall methods are prone to error, biomarkers require obtaining and handling biological samples, direct observation is costly and labor-intensive, food photography is under development, and weighing food before and after consumption is arduous. Even computer-guided technolo...
Source: Journal of the American Dietetic Association - December 21, 2012 Category: Nutrition Authors: Karen E. Spears, Heidi L. Himler Tags: Emerging Science and Translational Applications Source Type: research

Weight: It must be January!
IN JANUARY, ATTENTION TURNS to scaling back to pre-holiday numbers and resolving to stay the course with a healthy eating and lifestyle plan. As we await the new obesity guidelines currently under development by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), much research attention is devoted to weighty matters. Because the topics of obesity and weight control dominate much of the public health literature, and rightfully so, the contributions of new and evolving research findings can help to fit pieces of the prevention and treatment puzzle together.
Source: Journal of the American Dietetic Association - December 21, 2012 Category: Nutrition Authors: Linda Van Horn Tags: Editor's Outlook Source Type: research

Smoking in pregnancy: a systematic review of qualitative research of women who commence pregnancy as smokers
ConclusionSyntheses of qualitative research have an important role to play in producing the evidence base for midwifery, nursing, and public health policy and practice. The four dimensions identified in this review have implications for the design and delivery of interventions to support women to quit smoking in pregnancy.
Source: Journal of Advanced Nursing - December 21, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Kate Flemming, Hilary Graham, Morag Heirs, Dave Fox, Amanda Sowden Tags: Review Paper Source Type: research

Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Relevance of Campylobacter Isolated from Dairy Cattle and European Starlings in Ohio, USA
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease - December 21, 2012 Category: Food Science Tags: article Source Type: research

Prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in Wild Rodents in Five Islands of the West Dongting Lake, China.
Abstract Abstract To estimate the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in field rodents, we conducted surveys of S. japonicum infection on 5 islands in the west Dongting Lake, namely, Julinyuan, Jiangjiazui, Longwangmiao, Goutouzhou and Niujiaojian. Thirty-five Rattus flavipectus, 43 R. norvegicus, 42 R. rattus and 48 Microtus fortis were captured and examined from July to August 2011. Except M. fortis, S. japonicum was found in the other 3 species. No statistical significant difference in infection rate was found among the 5 locations or the 3 species of Rattus (P>0.05). The average prevalence in the Rattus was...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - December 21, 2012 Category: Parasitology Authors: Guo Y, Jiang M, Gu L, Qiao Y, Li W Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: research

Raging hormones, domestic incompetence, and contraceptive indifference: narratives contributing to the perception that women do not trust men to use contraception.
Abstract Recently, mainstream English-language news organisations have been reporting that a 'male pill' will soon be available. A common theme running through many published articles is that women will not trust men to use these new male contraceptives, though rarely is evidence provided to support this claim. In order to understand this disconnect between women's distrust for men as a group and their trust in their male partners, this paper examines three dominant ideologies of masculinity that inhibit men's contraceptive trustworthiness as a group. First, there is a cultural belief that men have an uncontrollabl...
Source: Culture, Health and Sexuality - December 21, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Campo-Engelstein L Tags: Cult Health Sex Source Type: research

Differential effects of the computer-tailored FATaintPHAT programme on dietary behaviours according to sociodemographic, cognitive and home environmental factors.
CONCLUSIONS: The effects of the intervention generally did not differ between sociodemographic subgroups. The moderation by home availability illustrates that the environment may influence the effects of educational interventions. PMID: 23257166 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Public Health Nutrition - December 21, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Ezendam NP, Burg J, Borsboom G, van Empelen P, Oenema A Tags: Public Health Nutr Source Type: research

Distribution of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio cholerae obtained from edible ice in Jakarta, Indonesia.
This study documents the V.cholerae contamination in edible ice from Jakarta (East, West, North, South and Central), the capitol city of Indonesia and attempts to characterize the virulent-potential of these strains. A selective medium was used to isolate 98 V. cholera strains and their identity was confirmed using biochemical assays. Serological tests were classified majority of them (78%) to the non-O1 serogroup. Multiplex PCR was used to detect the presence of V. cholerae virulence genes, namely ctxA, ompU, tcpA, ace, zot, and toxR. The toxR, ctxA, ompU, and zot genes were detected in 75, 26, 15, and 1% of isolates, res...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - December 21, 2012 Category: Microbiology Authors: Waturangi DE, Melissa, Suhartono MX, Wijaya YF Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: research

Benchmark Dose Profiles for Joint‐Action Quantal Data in Quantitative Risk Assessment
This article demonstrates how the benchmark modeling paradigm can be expanded from the single‐dose setting to joint‐action, two‐agent studies. Focus is on response outcomes expressed as proportions. Extending the single‐exposure setting, representations of risk are based on a joint‐action dose–response model involving both agents. Based on such a model, the concept of a benchmark profile (BMP) – a two‐dimensional analog of the single‐dose BMD at which both agents achieve the specified BMR – is defined for use in quantitative risk characterization and assessment. The resulting, joint, low‐dose guidelin...
Source: Biometrics - December 21, 2012 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Roland C. Deutsch, Walter W. Piegorsch Source Type: research

Absence of subtelomeric rearrangements in selected patients with mental retardation as assessed by multiprobe T FISH
Conclusion: In developing countries, FISH-based techniques such as Multiprobe T FISH are still expensive. Although Multiprobe T FISH is a good tool for detecting STR, in this study it did not detect STR in patients with unexplained MR/developmental delay even though these patients had a marked chromosomal imbalance. Our findings also show that clinical scores are not reliable predictors of STR.
Source: Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine - December 21, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Suely dos SantosDértia Freire-Maia Source Type: research

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Role of Imaging in Diagnosis and Management [State of the Art]
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that arise from cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system and are characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. All NETs are potentially malignant but differ in their biologic characteristics and the probability of metastatic disease. The pathologic classification of these tumors relies on their proliferation and differentiation. In the past decades, several nomenclatures have been proposed to stratify neuroendocrine tumors, but the World Health Organization classification is the one that is most widely accepted a...
Source: Radiology - December 21, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Sahani, D. V., Bonaffini, P. A., Fernandez-Del Castillo, C., Blake, M. A. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, Computed Tomography, Gastrointestinal Radiology State of the Art Source Type: research

Detection of hantavirus in bats from remaining rain forest in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Conclusions: The analysis of nucleotide sequences of the partial S segment revealed that these genes were more related to the Araraquara virus strains. This work reinforces the importance of studying hantavirus in different animal species and performing a continued surveillance before this virus spreads in new hosts and generated serious problems in public health.
Source: BioMed Central - December 21, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jansen de AraujoLuciano Matsumiya ThomazelliDyana Alves HenriquesDaniele LautenschalagerTatiana OmettoLilia Mara DutraCaroline Cotrin AiresSandra FavoritoEdison Luiz Durigon Source Type: research

A cross-sectional study of the relationship between job demand-control, effort-reward imbalance and cardiovascular heart disease risk factors
Conclusions: There were some associations between psychosocial stressors and CHD risk factors. The cross-sectional design did not allow conclusions about causality but some results indicated gender differences regarding sensitivity to work stressors and also how the models might capture different psychosocial dimensions.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 21, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Mia SöderbergAnnika RosengrenJenny HillströmLauren LissnerKjell Torén Source Type: research

Contributing factors to influenza vaccine uptake in general hospitals: an explorative management questionnaire study from the Netherlands
Conclusions: Agreement with positive statements about management factors with regard to influenza vaccination were not associated with the uptake. More economic investments were related with a higher vaccine uptake; the reasons for this should be explored further.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 21, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Josien Riphagen-DalhuisenJoep KuiphuisArjen ProcéWillem LuytjesMaarten PostmaEelko Hak Source Type: research

Nutrition and physical activity programs for obesity treatment (PRONAF study). methodological approach of the project
DiscussionFeasibility of the study has been proven, with a low dropout rate which corresponds to the estimated sample size. Transfer of knowledge is foreseen as a spin-off, in order that overweight and obese subjects can benefit from the results. The aim is to transfer it to sports centres. Effectiveness on individual health-related parameter in order to determine the most effective training programme will be analysed in forthcoming publications.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01116856
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 21, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Augusto ZapicoPedro BenitoMarcela González-GrossAna PeinadoEsther MorencosBlanca RomeroMiguel Rojo-TiradoRocio CupeiroBarbara SzendreiJavier ButragueñoMaite BermejoMaría Alvarez-SánchezMiguel García-FuentesCarmen Gómez-CandelaLaura BermejoCeila Fern Source Type: research

Ethical Issues in Field Trials of Genetically Modified Disease‐Resistant Mosquitoes
This article focuses on ethical issues raised by field trials of disease‐resistant, genetically modified mosquitoes. Some of these issues include: protecting the public and the environment from harm, balancing benefits and risks, collaborating with the local community, avoiding exploitation, and safeguarding the rights and welfare of research subjects. One of the most difficult problems involves protecting the welfare of community members who will be impacted by the release of mosquitoes but who are not enrolled in the study as research subjects. To address this concern, field trials should take place only when the targe...
Source: Developing World Bioethics - December 21, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: David B. Resnik Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Food subsidy programs and the health and nutritional status of disadvantaged families in high income countries: a systematic review
Conclusions: Limited high quality evidence of the impacts of food subsidy programs on the health and nutrition of adults and children in high income countries was identified. The improved intake of targeted nutrients and foods, such as fruit and vegetables, could potentially reduce the rate of non-communicable diseases in adults, if the changes in diet are sustained. Associated improvements in perinatal outcomes were limited and most evident in women who smoked during pregnancy. Thus, food subsidy programs for pregnant women and children should aim to focus on improving nutritional status in the longer term. Further prospe...
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - December 21, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Andrew BlackJulie BrimblecombeHelen EylesPeter MorrisHassan VallyKerin O¿Dea Source Type: research