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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 8.

Troubling stoicism: Sociocultural influences and applications to health and illness behaviour
In light of the ambiguity of meanings attributed to the concept of stoicism we critically explore its use as a label to explain and describe health and illness behaviour, juxtaposing the often negative portrayals of contemporary stoicism against its classical and philosophical origins. By reflecting critically on the term ‘stoicism’, its application and dimensionality, we show how the term has evolved from classical to contemporary times in relation to changing context, and explore different understandings of the term across medical and health literature. We attend to sociocultural factors that are seen to infl...
Source: Health: - February 6, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Moore, A., Grime, J., Campbell, P., Richardson, J. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

How 'alternative' is CAM? Rethinking conventional dichotomies between biomedicine and complementary/alternative medicine
The aim of this article is to interrogate the pervasive dichotomization of ‘conventional’ and ‘alternative’ therapies in popular, academic and medical literature. Specifically, I rethink the concepts such as holism, vitalism, spirituality, natural healing and individual responsibility for health care as taken-for-granted alternative ideologies. I explore how these ideologies are not necessarily ‘alternative’, but integral to the practice of clinical medicine as well as socially and culturally dominant values, norms and practices related to health and health care in Canada and elsewhere. ...
Source: Health: - February 6, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Ning, A. M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Medication communication during ward rounds on medical wards: Power relations and spatial practices
This article examines power relations and spatial practices surrounding medication communication between patients and health professionals including doctors, nurses and pharmacists during ward rounds. Data were collected in two medical wards of a metropolitan teaching hospital in Melbourne, Australia. Data collection methods involved participant observations, field interviews, video-recordings, together with individual and group reflexive interviews. A critical discourse analysis was undertaken to identify the location sites where power relations were reproduced or challenged in ward rounds. Findings demonstrated that trad...
Source: Health: - February 6, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Liu, W., Manias, E., Gerdtz, M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Communicating Through the Arts: Lessons for Medicine and Public Health
Source: Journal of Health Communication - February 6, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Parker, Ruth M.Labrecque, Cory AndrewCandler, Sarah G.Newell-Amato, DomenicaMessler, JordanWolf, MichaelCaughman, S. WrightRaggi-Moore, Judy Source Type: research

The interplay between structure and agency in shaping the mental health consequences of job loss
Conclusions: Respondents' accounts support the literature on the moderating effects of economic resources such as redundancy packages. The results suggest the need for policies to put more focus on social, emotional and financial investment to mediate the structural constraints of job loss. Our study also suggests that human agency must be understood within an individual's whole of life circumstances, including structural and material constraints, and the personal or interior factors that shape these circumstances.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - February 6, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Julia AnafFrances BaumLareen NewmanAnna ZierschGwyneth Jolley Source Type: research

The association between midlife cardiorespiratory fitness levels and later-life dementia: a cohort study.
CONCLUSION: Higher midlife fitness levels seem to be associated with lower hazards of developing all-cause dementia later in life. The magnitude and direction of the association were similar with or without previous stroke, suggesting that higher fitness levels earlier in life may lower risk for dementia later in life, independent of cerebrovascular disease. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: The Cooper Institute; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; and American Heart Association. PMID: 23381040 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - February 5, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Defina LF, Willis BL, Radford NB, Gao A, Leonard D, Haskell WL, Weiner MF, Berry JD Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Late¿onset systemic lupus erythematosus-associated primary biliary cirrhosis
Conclusion: We described an original case report of elderly patient with coexisting PBC and SLE . To date, according to the best of our knowledge, there have been few case reports of SLE/PBC co-occurrence. The aetiology of this complex remains unknown, autoimmune mechanisms, environmental and genetic factors are considered important in the susceptibility to both diseases. Osteopontin might play an important role.
Source: International Archives of Medicine - February 5, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Sonia HammamiNabil ChaabaneHouda MahmoudiFethia BdiouiHamouda Saffar Source Type: research

Acne severity and itch are associated: results from a Norwegian survey of 3775 adolescents.
Abstract Acne and itch(1) are highly associated with stress, but the relationship between acne and itch is not defined. Two small studies showed itch to be common among acne patients in Singapore(2) and Poland(3) . The aim of this study was to examine the association between acne severity and itch in a large sample of adolescents from the general population. This was a cross-sectional and questionnaire-based study, conducted at the University of Oslo with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and the Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway. The study methods are previo...
Source: The British Journal of Dermatology - February 5, 2013 Category: Dermatology Authors: Dalgard F, Halvorsen JA, Kwatra SG, Yosipovitch G Tags: Br J Dermatol Source Type: research

Ultrasound Estimates for Midline Epidural Punctures in the Obese Parturient: Paramedian Sagittal Oblique Is Comparable to Transverse Median Plane.
CONCLUSION:The estimates of the US-determined distance to the epidural space in the PSO are comparable to those in the TM plane. The ability to use both estimates interchangeably for midline punctures may prove useful in patients presenting with poor visibility in the TM plane. PMID: 23385058 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Anesthesia and Analgesia - February 5, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Sahota JS, Carvalho JC, Balki M, Fanning N, Arzola C Tags: Anesth Analg Source Type: research

Acne severity and itch are associated: results from a Norwegian survey of 3775 adolescents
Abstract Acne and itch1 are highly associated with stress, but the relationship between acne and itch is not defined. Two small studies showed itch to be common among acne patients in Singapore2 and Poland3. The aim of this study was to examine the association between acne severity and itch in a large sample of adolescents from the general population. This was a cross‐sectional and questionnaire‐based study, conducted at the University of Oslo with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and the Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway. The study methods are previously descri...
Source: British Journal of Dermatology - February 5, 2013 Category: Dermatology Authors: F. Dalgard, J.A. Halvorsen, S.G. Kwatra, G. Yosipovitch Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Microbiological safety of xenotransplantation compared with allotransplantation
Transmission of viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections via organ allografts is uncommon but may be associated with life‐threatening disease. Internationally, programs for screening of human organ donors for infectious risk are non‐uniform and vary with national standards and the availability of screening assays. Further, the failure to recognize and/or to report transmission events limits the utility of available data regarding the incidence of allograft‐associated disease transmission. Advances in xenotransplantation biology have allowed some limited clinical trials with the prospect for increased opport...
Source: Xenotransplantation - February 5, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Jay A. Fishman Source Type: research

Male Scarcity is Associated with Higher Prevalence of Premature Gestation and Low Birth Weight Births Across the United States
ConclusionsMale scarcity influences life history tradeoffs, with consequences for important social and public health issues such as adverse birth outcomes. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: American Journal of Human Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Daniel J. Kruger, Jillian Clark, Sarah Vanas Tags: Short Report Source Type: research

Prevalence of Obesity Among Inuit in Greenland and Temporal Trend by Social Position
ConclusionGeneral and central obesity is increasing among the Inuit in Greenland. There is an increasing positive association of obesity with social position for both men and women. The high prevalence of obesity is a serious public health problem that is expected to affect the already high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and its complications. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: American Journal of Human Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Peter Bjerregaard, Marit E. Jørgensen, Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

The South Australia Health Chronic Disease Self-Management Internet Trial
Discussion. The peer-led online program was both acceptable and useful for this population. It appeared to decrease symptoms, improve health behaviors, self-efficacy, and reduce health care utilization up to 1 year. This intervention also has large potential implications for the use of a public health education model for reaching large numbers of people. It demonstrates that an Internet self-management program, which includes social media, can reach rural and underserved people as well as be effective and reduce health care costs. If this intervention can be brought to scale, it has the potential for improving the lives of...
Source: Health Education - February 5, 2013 Category: Health Management Authors: Lorig, K., Ritter, P. L., Plant, K., Laurent, D. D., Kelly, P., Rowe, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Health Care Access and Health Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: The Cost of Health Disparities
This report examines individual differences in health care access within a diverse sample of urban MSM (N = 871). The authors examined demographic differences in health care access and the relation between access and health-related attitudes, health behaviors, and HIV transmission risk. They operationalized health care access in terms of three indicators: perceived barriers, insurance status, and recent medical visit. Twenty-seven percent (n = 227) of MSM reported zero or one health care access indicator. African American and Latino race/ethnicity, lower income, and HIV-unknown status were associated with limited health ca...
Source: Health Education - February 5, 2013 Category: Health Management Authors: McKirnan, D. J., Du Bois, S. N., Alvy, L. M., Jones, K. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Limited Evidence That Competitive Food and Beverage Practices Affect Adolescent Consumption Behaviors
Childhood obesity is emerging as a considerable public health problem with no clear antidote. The school food environment is a potential intervention point for policy makers, with competitive food and beverage regulation as a possible policy lever. This research examines the link between competitive food and beverage availability in school and adolescent consumption patterns using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-1999. Results from value-added multivariate regression models reveal limited evidence that competitive food policy affects fruit and vegetable consumption. Findings sugg...
Source: Health Education - February 5, 2013 Category: Health Management Authors: Vericker, T. C. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Causal Relationship between Obesity and Vitamin D Status: Bi-Directional Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Multiple Cohorts
Conclusions On the basis of a bi-directional genetic approach that limits confounding, our study suggests that a higher BMI leads to lower 25(OH)D, while any effects of lower 25(OH)D increasing BMI are likely to be small. Population level interventions to reduce BMI are expected to decrease the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Source: PLoS Medicine - February 5, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Karani S. Vimaleswaran et al. Source Type: research

Late --onset systemic lupus erythematosus-associated primary biliary cirrhosis
Conclusion: We described an original case report of elderly patient with coexisting PBC and SLE . To date, according to the best of our knowledge, there have been few case reports of SLE/PBC co-occurrence. The aetiology of this complex remains unknown, autoimmune mechanisms, environmental and genetic factors are considered important in the susceptibility to both diseases. Osteopontin might play an important role.
Source: International Archives of Medicine - February 5, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Sonia HammamiNabil ChaabaneHouda MahmoudiFethia BdiouiHamouda Saffar Source Type: research

Nutrition and neurodegeneration: epidemiological evidence and challenges for future research
The prevention of dementias, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), is a growing public health concern, due to a lack of effective curative treatment options and a rising global prevalence. Various potential risk or preventive factors have been suggested by epidemiological research, including modifiable lifestyle factors such as diet. Current epidemiological data are in favour of a protective role of certain micronutrients (B vitamins related to homocysteine metabolism, the anti‐oxidant vitamins C and E, flavonoids, polyunsatured omega‐3 fatty acids, vitamin D) and macronutrients (fish) in the prevention of cognitive declin...
Source: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - February 5, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sophie Gillette‐Guyonnet, Marion Secher, Bruno Vellas Tags: Nutraceuticals themed section Source Type: research

Australian news media framing of medical tourism in low- and middle-income countries: a content review
Conclusions: The Australian media coverage of medical tourism was characterised by a narrow range of medical, geographic and ethical concerns, a focus on individual Australian patients and on content presented as being personally relevant for domestic audiences. Medical tourism was portrayed as an exercise of economically-rational consumer choice, but with no attention given to its consequences for the commodification of health or broader political, medical and ethical implications. In this picture, LMICs were no longer passive recipients of aid but providers of a beneficial service to Australian patients.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Michelle ImisonStephen Schweinsberg Source Type: research

Sexual relationships among men who have sex with men in Hanoi, Vietnam: a qualitative interview study
Conclusions: The study contextualizes HIV risk behavior among MSM in Vietnam and highlights a potential high-risk group of men in serial relationships with few partners annually but who may have a high number of sexual acts. HIV prevention among MSM in Vietnam needs to consider high-risk sex not only between casual partners but also within the context of relationships.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Linus BengtssonAnna ThorsonVu ThanhPeter AllebeckRebecca Popenoe Source Type: research

A theory-based online health behavior intervention for new university students: study protocol
DiscussionThe findings will provide evidence on the effectiveness of online interventions as well as the potential for intervening during significant life transitions, such as the move from school to university. If successful, the intervention could be employed at other universities to promote healthy behaviors among new undergraduates.Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN67684181.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Tracy EptonPaul NormanPaschal SheeranPeter HarrisThomas WebbFabio CiravegnaAlan BrennanPetra MeierSteven JuliousDeclan NaughtonAndrea PetrocziAba-Sah DadzieJen Kruger Source Type: research

Patient safety and quality improvement education: a cross-sectional study of medical students' preferences and attitudes
Conclusions: Teaching of patient safety and quality improvement to medical students will be best received if it is integrated into clinical education rather than solely taught in pre-clinical lectures or through independent computer modules. Students recognize that these topics are important to their careers as future physicians regardless of intended specialty.
Source: BMC Medical Education - February 5, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Claire TeiglandRachel BlasiakLindsay WilsonRachel HinesKaren MeyerhoffAnthony Viera Source Type: research

A randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an individual, education-based safe transport program for drivers aged 75 years and older
DiscussionThis randomised trial is powered to provide an objective assessment of the efficacy of an individually tailored education and alternative transportation program to promote safety of older drivers but maintain mobility. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000543886.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Lisa KeayKristy CoxonJulie BrownElizabeth ClarkeSoufiane BoufousAnita BundySerigne LoRebecca Ivers Source Type: research

Intervention effects on physical activity: the HEIA study - a cluster randomized controlled trial
Conclusions: A comprehensive but feasible, multi-component school-based intervention can affect physical activity patterns in adolescents by increasing overall physical activity. This intervention effect seemed to be more profound in girls than boys, low-active adolescents compared to high-active adolescents, participants with normal weight compared to the overweight, and for participants with parents of middle education level as opposed to those with high and low education levels, respectively. An implementation of the HEIA intervention components in the school system may have a beneficial effect on public health by incre...
Source: BioMed Central - February 4, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: May GrydelandIngunn Holden BerghMona BjellandNanna LienLene Frost AndersenYngvar OmmundsenKnut-Inge KleppSigmund Alfred Anderssen Source Type: research

Traumatic experiences and mental health consequences among child survivors of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake: a community-based follow-up study
Conclusions: For child and adolescent survivors of the earthquake, symptoms of PTSD and depression seemed to persist over time. The finding that children reduced their use of mental health services raised great concerns over how to fulfill the unmet psychological needs of these children. More mental health interventions should be allocated to children who had elevated risk for developing persistent course of the symptoms.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - February 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Zhaobao JiaLizheng ShiGuangfeng DuanWeizhi LiuXiao PanYingyao ChenWenhua Tian Source Type: research

External validation of two prediction models identifying employees at risk of high sickness absence: cohort study with 1-year follow-up
Conclusion: The SA episodes model accurately predicted the risk of high SA episodes in office workers, but needs further multisite validation and requires a simpler presentation format before it can be used to select high-risk employees for interventions to prevent or reduce SA.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - February 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Corné RoelenUte BültmannWillem van RhenenJac van der KlinkJos TwiskMartijn Heymans Source Type: research

Trends and risk factors of hyperglycemia and diabetes among Kuwaiti adults: National Nutrition Surveillance Data from 2002 to 2009
Conclusion: Continued monitoring of blood glucose is needed to see if negative trends observed in 2008--2009 endure and further research of contributing factors is required for development of targeted intervention strategies.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - February 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Faruk AhmedCarol WaslienMona Al-SumaiePrasanna PrakashAhmad Allafi Source Type: research

Targeting Lifestyle Change in Patients With Depression ⁎ ⁎
Depression is widely recognized as having significant implications for both mental and physical health. More than 1 in 5 adults suffer from major depression (MDD) at some point in their lifetimes, and estimates are even higher for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Approximately 20% of patients suffer from MDD after a myocardial infarction (MI), and an additional 20% might experience elevated depressive symptoms without meeting diagnostic criteria for MDD. Depression is associated with poorer quality of life and increased medical expenditures and healthcare use. In addition, depression is one of the leading source...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Mitochondria as a Therapeutic Target in Heart Failure
Heart failure is a pressing public health problem with no curative treatment currently available. The existing therapies provide symptomatic relief, but are unable to reverse molecular changes that occur in cardiomyocytes. The mechanisms of heart failure are complex and multiple, but mitochondrial dysfunction appears to be a critical factor in the development of this disease. Thus, it is important to focus research efforts on targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in the failing heart to revive the myocardium and its contractile function. This review highlights the 3 promising areas for the development of heart failure therap...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Human Health Impacts of Climate Change Demand Attention
When they picture the adverse effects of climate change, public health scientists hope the American public won't think of them as something that happens to glaciers or polar bears, but turn the focus more on themselves. [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 4, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Energy & Sustainability,Society Policy,Energy Sustainability,Health,More Science Source Type: research

The Role of Lifestyle Change in the Prevention and Treatment Of NAFLD.
Abstract Healthy habits in terms of food intake and physical activity are first-line approach to prevention and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but difficulties arise in turning attempts into practice. Independently of the specific role of individual nutrients, not universally proven, overweight, obesity and diabetes are the specific condition most frequently associated with hepatic fat accumulation. Accordingly, weight loss is mandatory in the majority of patients; this can be achieved by dietary restriction, but is rarely maintained in the long-term. Physical activity programs, both aerobic and res...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 4, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Centis E, Marzocchi R, Suppini A, Grave RD, Villanova N, Hickman IJ, Marchesini G Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

A systematic review of safety data reporting in clinical trials of vaccines against malaria, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus.
CONCLUSIONS: The review demonstrated lack of standardized safety data reporting in trials for vaccines against malaria, TB and HIV. Standardization of safety data collection and reporting should be encouraged to improve data quality and comparability. LIMITATIONS: The search strategy missed studies published in languages other than English and excluded studies reporting on vaccine trials for diseases besides malaria, TB and HIV. PMID: 23395586 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - February 4, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tamminga C, Kavanaugh M, Fedders C, Maiolatesi S, Abraham N, Bonhoeffer J, Heininger U, Vasquez C, Moorthy VS, Epstein JE, Richie TL Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Perturbations of neural circuitry in aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.
Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global public health threat that continues to rise as the proportion of the population over the age of 60 rapidly increases. Aging and dementia are both associated with cognitive decline and share some features in terms of structural and functional alterations in neural circuitry. In this review, we attempt to highlight the network perturbations that occur in "typical" aging and emphasize how they may differ from those that manifest in dementia. We focus in particular on neuroimaging studies of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) network, which is involved in episodic memory and is...
Source: Ageing Research Reviews - February 4, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Leal S, Yassa MA Tags: Ageing Res Rev Source Type: research

Striving for a zero-error patient surgical journey through adoption of aviation-style challenge and response flow checklists: a quality improvement project.
CONCLUSIONS: We have created a reproducible model of care involving multiple checklists at high-risk points in the patient surgical journey. The model is reliable and has a high degree of staff engagement. It promotes patient safety by ensuring the patient, team and equipment are correctly configured at every key transition stage in the surgical journey. We have been able to achieve this with no measurable increase in turnover times or reduction in operating room efficiency. PMID: 23373830 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Paediatric Anaesthesia - February 4, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Low DK, Reed MA, Geiduschek JM, Martin LD Tags: Paediatr Anaesth Source Type: research

Coxiella burnetii DNA, But Not Viable Bacteria, in Dairy Products in France.
Abstract Transmission by the oral route of Coxiella burnetii is controversial. Our objective was to evaluate dairy products in the transmission of Q fever. Pasteurized, unpasteurized, and thermized dairy products were tested for C. burnetii by using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction specific for IS1111 and IS30A spacers, culturing in human embryonic lung fibroblasts cells, and inoculation into BALB/c mice. We tested 201 products and C. burnetii was identified in 64%. Cow milk origin products were more frequently positive than goat or ewe products (P = 0.006 and P = 0.0001, respectively), and industrial food ...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - February 4, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Eldin C, Angelakis E, Renvoisé A, Raoult D Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

A Foodborne Outbreak of Brucellosis at a Police Station Cafeteria, Lima, Peru.
Abstract Brucella melitensis is highly infectious for humans and can be transmitted to humans in a number of epidemiological contexts. Within the context of an ongoing brucellosis surveillance project, an outbreak at a Peruvian police officer cafeteria was discovered, which led to active surveillance (serology, blood culture) for additional cases among 49 police officers who had also eaten there. The cohort was followed up to 18 months regardless of treatment or symptoms. Active surveillance estimated the attack rate at 26.5% (13 of 49). Blood cultures from four cases were positive; these isolates were indistinguis...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - February 4, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Román K, Castillo R, Gilman RH, Calderón M, Vivar A, Céspedes M, Smits HL, Meléndez P, Gotuzzo E, Guerra H, Maves RC, Matthias MA, Vinetz JM, Saito M Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

Assessing the WHO 50% Prevalence Threshold in School-Aged Children as Indication for Treatment of Urogenital Schistosomiasis in Adults in Central Nigeria.
This study ascertained the value of this threshold in predicting prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma hematobium (SH) infection in adults in central Nigeria. We evaluated urogenital schistosomiasis prevalence in 1,164 adults: 659 adults in 12 communities where mean hematuria among SAC in 2008 was 26.6% and 505 adults in 7 communities where the mean hematuria among SAC in 2008 was 70.4%. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups of adults in prevalence of hematuria, prevalence of SH eggs, or intensity of infections. We conclude that, in this setting, the SAC threshold is not useful for tr...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - February 4, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Evans DS, King JD, Eigege A, Umaru J, Adamani W, Alphonsus K, Sambo Y, Miri ES, Goshit D, Ogah G, Richards FO Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

Emotional Cascades and Self‐Injury: Investigating Instability of Rumination and Negative Emotion
ConclusionsConsistent with the ECM, the interaction between rumination instability and negative affect instability during monitoring significantly predicted NSSI, with the strongest effects occurring for sadness and rumination about past. These findings may enhance conceptualization and treatment of patients with NSSI.
Source: Journal of Clinical Psychology - February 4, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Edward A. Selby, Joe Franklin, Amanda Carson‐Wong, Shireen L. Rizvi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Striving for a zero‐error patient surgical journey through adoption of aviation‐style challenge and response flow checklists: a quality improvement project
ConclusionsWe have created a reproducible model of care involving multiple checklists at high‐risk points in the patient surgical journey. The model is reliable and has a high degree of staff engagement. It promotes patient safety by ensuring the patient, team and equipment are correctly configured at every key transition stage in the surgical journey. We have been able to achieve this with no measurable increase in turnover times or reduction in operating room efficiency.
Source: Pediatric Anesthesia - February 4, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Daniel K. Low, Mark A. Reed, Jeremy M. Geiduschek, Lynn D. Martin Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Prevalence Projections of Chronic Diseases and Impact of Public Health Intervention
Summary The estimation of future prevalences of chronic diseases is essential for public health policy. Using incidence estimates from cohort data and demographic projections for general mortality and population sizes, we propose a method based on a general illness–death model to make prevalence projections for chronic diseases. In contrast to previously published methods, we account for differences between global mortality and mortality of healthy subjects and compare two assumptions regarding the secular trend for mortality of diseased subjects. Then we develop a methodology to estimate changes in future disease preval...
Source: Biometrics - February 4, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Pierre Joly, Célia Touraine, Aurore Georget, Jean‐François Dartigues, Daniel Commenges, Hélène Jacqmin‐Gadda Source Type: research

Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: New estimates of age‐specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence
Conclusion: The high prevalence of global HCV infection necessitates renewed efforts in primary prevention, including vaccine development, as well as new approaches to secondary and tertiary prevention to reduce the burden of chronic liver disease and to improve survival for those who already have evidence of liver disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2012)
Source: Hepatology - February 4, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Khayriyyah Mohd Hanafiah, Justina Groeger, Abraham D. Flaxman, Steven T. Wiersma Tags: Viral Hepatitis Source Type: research

Involving Patients And Families In Hospital Care [Letters]
Source: Health Affairs - February 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Adler, M. A. Tags: Access To Care, Health Reform, Hospitals, Quality Of Care, Consumer Issues Letters Source Type: research

The Need For Physician Peer Review [Letters]
Source: Health Affairs - February 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Thompson, R. L. Tags: Health Professions Education, Health Reform, Personal Experience ( Narrative Matters ), Physicians, Quality Of Care Letters Source Type: research

Patient-Centered Research And Vulnerable Populations [Letters]
Source: Health Affairs - February 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Douglas, M. D. Tags: Access To Care, Health Reform, Demography Letters Source Type: research

Patient-Centered Research: The Author Replies [Letters]
Source: Health Affairs - February 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Gionfriddo, P. Tags: Access To Care, Health Reform Letters Source Type: research

Active Patient Engagement In Research [Letters]
Source: Health Affairs - February 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Frank, L. Tags: Access To Care, Health Reform Letters Source Type: research

Health Technology Assessment: Author's Reply [Letters]
Source: Health Affairs - February 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Cheng, T.-M. Tags: International Issues Letters Source Type: research

Health Technology Assessment In China [Letters]
Source: Health Affairs - February 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Zhang, Y.-J., Tang, Z.-L. Tags: International Issues, Health Information Technology Letters Source Type: research

Medical Decisions: Shared, Or Impaired? [Book Reviews]
Source: Health Affairs - February 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Trimble, C. Tags: Access To Care, Health Professions Education, Health Promotion/Disease Prevention, Health Reform, Physicians, Quality Of Care, Consumer Issues Book Reviews Source Type: research