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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 11.

Inference of Population Splits and Mixtures from Genome-Wide Allele Frequency Data
by Joseph K. Pickrell, Jonathan K. Pritchard Many aspects of the historical relationships between populations in a species are reflected in genetic data. Inferring these relationships from genetic data, however, remains a challenging task. In this paper, we present a statistical model for inferring the patterns of population splits and mixtures in multiple populations. In our model, the sampled populations in a species are related to their common ancestor through a graph of ancestral populations. Using genome-wide allele frequency data and a Gaussian approximation to genetic drift, we infer the structure of this graph...
Source: PLoS Genetics - November 15, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Joseph K. Pickrell et al. Source Type: research

Evolution of Minimal Specificity and Promiscuity in Steroid Hormone Receptors
by Geeta N. Eick, Jennifer K. Colucci, Michael J. Harms, Eric A. Ortlund, Joseph W. Thornton Most proteins are regulated by physical interactions with other molecules; some are highly specific, but others interact with many partners. Despite much speculation, we know little about how and why specificity/promiscuity evolves in natural proteins. It is widely assumed that specific proteins evolved from more promiscuous ancient forms and that most proteins' specificity has been tuned to an optimal state by selection. Here we use ancestral protein reconstruction to trace the evolutionary history of ligand recognition in th...
Source: PLoS Genetics - November 15, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Geeta N. Eick et al. Source Type: research

Legitimacy in legacy: a discussion paper of historical scholarship published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1976–2011
ConclusionsRelative to other academic concerns, nursing scholarship affords little prominence to the topic of nursing history and less still to the history of practice, as evidenced in the outputs of one of nursing's major organs of scholarship. Not to assign due importance to the history of nursing and its practice demonstrates nursing's lack of disciplinary maturity.
Source: Journal of Advanced Nursing - November 15, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Gerard Fealy, Jacinta Kelly, Roger Watson Tags: Discussion Paper Source Type: research

Improved outcome for children with non‐high risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia after using an ALL IC‐BFM 2002‐based protocol in Shanghai, China
We report the outcome of 92 non‐high risk children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) following a Berlin‐Frankfürt‐Münster (BFM) Intercontinental ALL ‐based protocol. Compared with a matched historical control group, we found a lower incidence of treatment‐related early death (1·2% vs. 10·9%, P = 0·015), a higher 6‐year event‐free survival (75·4 ± 4·9% vs. 58·2 ± 6·7%, P = 0·02), reduced total in‐hospital costs per person (US $) (10267·0 vs. 18331·0, P < 0·001) and fewer total in‐hospital days (164 vs. 296, P < 0·001). This ALL‐BFM based protocol was quite tolerab...
Source: British Journal of Haematology - November 15, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Yi‐Jin Gao, Xiao‐Wen Qian, Feng‐Juan Lu, Xiao‐Wen Zhai, Hong‐Sheng Wang, Jun Li Tags: Short report Source Type: research

Tribute to L. J. Henderson, a remarkable physiologist, and the founder of the American School of Sociology (1878-1942)
Source: AJP: Cell Physiology - November 15, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Karsenty, G. Tags: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Source Type: research

Preface
Lung diseases associated with occupational and environmental exposures subsume a wide spectrum of conditions. These include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), parenchymal lung diseases, and lung cancer, but there are other less common but noteworthy entities as well, as the recent outbreak of diacetyl-associated bronchiolitis obliterans has taught us. The most recent issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine that was devoted exclusively to the topic of Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease was published ten years ago. The past decade has seen a marked increase in our appreciation of the breadth and depth ...
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - November 14, 2012 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Carrie A. Redlich, Paul D. Blanc, Mridu Gulati, Ware G. Kuschner Source Type: research

[Obstetric brachial palsy, a historical review].
CONCLUSIONS. Since the first clinical description of obstetric brachial palsy by Smellie and the reports of the different types of brachial palsy by Duchenne, Erb and Klumpke, many pathophysiological studies have been conducted. Notable developments have been made in conservative and surgical treatments, with very favourable recoveries being observed in children with obstetric brachial palsy. PMID: 23143963 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista de Neurologia - November 14, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Collado-Vazquez S, Jimenez-Antona C, Carrillo JM Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: research

Prolonged monitoring of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel levels confirms an altered pharmacokinetic profile in obese oral contraceptives users
Conclusions: Obesity results in significant alterations in OC steroid PK parameters, but the severity of these alterations did not correlate with end-organ suppression. A longer PK sampling interval (168 h vs. 48 h) improved the accuracy of PK testing.
Source: Contraception - November 14, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: Alison B. Edelman, Ganesh Cherala, Myrna Y. Munar, Barent DuBois, Martha McInnis, Frank Z. Stanczyk, Jeffrey T. Jensen Tags: Original Research Articles Source Type: research

In digging up the past of this 90-year-old man, a recent Eastern European immigrant to the USA, what is a historical treatment for an ongoing endemic disease he might have received?
Answer: Oleothorax with expansion. This 90-year-old man presented for an incidental finding on a chest radiograph of an opacification of the entire left hemithorax. He denied chest pain, haemoptysis, cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats or dyspnoea. Review of the patient's history revealed that 60 years ago he was treated in a sanatorium in Russia, and recollects that his ‘lung was collapsed’. CT imaging revealed a well-defined pleural homogenous opacity with sharp margins, partly calcified, occupying most of the left hemithorax. The density of the opacity measured –36 Hounsfield units. The expans...
Source: Thorax - November 14, 2012 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Apergis, G., Abi-Fadel, F., Krishnan, P. Tags: Images in Thorax Source Type: research

Climate science: Historical drought trends revisited
A new assessment of drought trends over the past 60 years finds little evidence of an expansion of the area affected by droughts, contradicting several previous estimates. See Letter p.435
Source: Nature - November 14, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Sonia I. Seneviratne Tags: News & Views Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
In this study Fraser et al tested the efficacy of the Berlin Heart as a bridge to transplant. In a prospective single-group trial, using data from a matched historical...
Source: Heart - November 14, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lindsay, A. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

In Search of Immunodominant Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-associated peptides (MAPs) displayed at the cell surface define our immune self . Under normal circumstances, MAPs presented by MHC class I and II molecules originate from proteolytic degradation of self proteins. Importantly, some MAPs are polymorphic; they are present in some persons, but in other MHC-matched subjects they are absent or present a slightly different amino acid sequence. For historical reasons, these polymorphic MAPs are referred to as minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHAs). They are a consequence of any form of accumulated genetic variation that hinders MAP genera...
Source: Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation - November 13, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Claude Perreault Tags: The Bottom Line Source Type: research

Molecular genetic investigations on Austria's patron saint Leopold III
Abstract: The successful marriage policy of margrave Leopold III increased the importance of the House of Babenberg in late medieval Austria (12th century). Historical documentation is inconclusive in providing evidence whether or not his eldest son Adalbert derived from an earlier relationship or from the marriage with King Henry IV's daughter Agnes of Waiblingen, with whom Leopold is considered to have had 17 children. As a matter of fact Adalbert was ignored in the line of succession in favor of a younger brother, Leopold IV, which has led to long term historical discussions. Human remains attributed to these individual...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics - November 12, 2012 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Christiane Maria Bauer, Martin Bodner, Harald Niederstätter, Daniela Niederwieser, Gabriela Huber, Petra Hatzer-Grubwieser, Karl Holubar, Walther Parson Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Review of Essentials of creativity assessment.
Reviews the book, Essentials of Creativity Assessment by James C. Kaufman, Jonathan A. Plucker, and John Baer (see record 2008-14438-000). This book presents the basic information on the measurement of creativity and compares approaches and instruments designed to assess it. The book is completely up-to-date yet presents the important historical background of topics concerning creativity that have been highly controversial. In the reviewer's opinion, this excellent book is a major contribution to the field. It is highly recommended for use by researchers in the field. The reviewer believes even experienced researchers in...
Source: Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity and the Arts - November 12, 2012 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Milgram, Roberta M. Source Type: research

A historical perspective on the development of the cytarabine (7days) and daunorubicin (3days) treatment regimen for acute myelogenous leukemia: 2013 the 40th anniversary of 7+3.
Abstract This paper reviews the development of therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia that in 1973 led to the regimen of 7days of continuous intravenous arabinosylcytosine (cytarabine) and the first 3 concurrent days of intravenous daunorubicin, given the nickname "7+3." The state of leukemia treatment in the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s is reviewed, the discovery of the two drugs in question described, and the introduction of clinical trials to reach an optimal regimen for their use delineated. During the 1950s, following World War Two and after a period of civil reconstitution, a national effort, facilitated by t...
Source: Blood Cells, Molecules and Diseases - November 12, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Lichtman MA Tags: Blood Cells Mol Dis Source Type: research

Screening for osteoporosis reduced new fracture incidence by almost half.
Abstract Background and purpose Fractures can be prevented if osteoporosis is identified and treated. In 2002, we initiated a screening program at our orthopedics department, in which patients between 50 and 75 years of age with a wrist, shoulder, vertebral, or hip fracture are assessed by DEXA of the hip and spine and encouraged to see their doctor for decision on treatment regarding osteoporosis. The patients receive written documents containing information, DEXA results, and a letter to their doctor with suggestions regarding blood tests and treatment. In this 6-year follow-up study, we compared the fracture rec...
Source: Acta Orthopaedica - November 11, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Astrand J, Nilsson J, Thorngren KG Tags: Acta Orthop Source Type: research

The films of Sir Herbert Barker's (1869-1950) manipulative techniques
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Bovine DC, G. Tags: Glimpse Source Type: research

Charles Dickens (1812-70): 'The longer I live the more I doubt the doctors'
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Hunting, P. Tags: Anniversary Source Type: research

Medical memorials in Antarctica: a gazetteer of medical place-names
In Antarctica an astonishing more than 300 ‘medical’ place-names record the lives of surgeons and physicians who have served as leaders, clinicians and scientists in the field of polar medicine and other doctors memorialized for their service to medicine. These enduring medical memorials are to be found in the names of glaciers, mountains, capes and islands of the vast frozen Southern Continent. This Antarctic Medical Gazetteer features, inter alii, doctor-expedition leaders, including Jean-Baptiste Charcot (1867–1936) of France and Desmond Lugg (b. 1938) of Australia. The Medical Gazetteer lists 43 geogr...
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Sullivan, P., Pearn, J. Tags: Medical Memorials Source Type: research

Edward Adrian Wilson (1872-1912): polar explorer and artist
Dr Edward Wilson was a polar explorer who accompanied Robert Falcon Scott (1868–1912) on his expeditions to Antarctica in 1900 and 1910. He went with Scott to the South Pole and died with him on the return journey in 1912. Although medically qualified, he is now remembered more as a naturalist and as a talented artist recording the Antarctic expeditions.
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Brown, K. Tags: Explorers Source Type: research

An Antarctic sealing expedition and the medical diary of William Spiers Bruce (1867-1921)
William Spiers Bruce was a medical student who sailed as ship's surgeon on the Balaena, one of the ships of the Dundee Whaling Expedition to the Antarctic (1892–93). On this expedition he kept a diary listing his medical consultations and the treatments he administered. This paper considers the expedition and the diaries.
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Guly, H. Tags: Explorers Source Type: research

The death of Robert Falcon Scott (1869-1912) and colleagues
This year, 2012, marks the 100th anniversary of Captain Scott his reaching the South Pole and of his death on the return journey. There has been much discussion on the cause of death of Scott and his colleagues and, in particular, whether he died of scurvy. There has probably been even more discussion on the cause of death of Edgar Evans, one of Scott's companions. This paper reviews the topic.
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Guly, H. Tags: Explorers Source Type: research

Hugh Neill (1806-64) and the early years of the Liverpool Ophthalmic Infirmary
This account of the early history of ophthalmology in Liverpool refers particularly to Hugh Neill, one of the many Edinburgh-educated surgeons working in Liverpool during the early 19th century.
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Silvester, A. Tags: Ophthalmologists Source Type: research

Medical biography and the surgeon
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Ellis, H. Tags: Glimpse Source Type: research

From precocious fame to mature obscurity: David Walker (1837-1917) MD, LRCSI, surgeon and naturalist to the Fox Arctic Expedition of 1857-59
The Belfast-born David Walker was the 19-year-old surgeon and naturalist on the epic Fox Arctic Expedition (1857–59) that established the fate of Sir John Franklin's unsuccessful (1845) search for the North-West Passage. On return the crew were fêted as heroes and decorated, and shared in a £5000 government bounty: Walker was also received by the Queen and (in Ireland) by the Lord Lieutenant, was honoured by the principal British and Irish natural history societies and his portrait was exhibited in the National Portrait Gallery, London. This paper describes his adventurous life, including the Fox Expediti...
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Froggatt, P., Walker, B. M. Tags: Surgeons Source Type: research

Dr Reginald Koettlitz (1860-1916): Arctic and Antarctic explorer
Reginald Koettlitz was born in Ostend but moved to England as a child and qualified at Guy's Hospital. He was a general practitioner in County Durham for eight years before serving as doctor and geologist to the Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition to Franz-Josef Land in 1894–97. Thereafter he made further expeditions to Somaliland, Abyssinia and the Amazon before joining Captain Scott's Discovery Expedition to the Antarctic in 1901–04 as surgeon and botanist. After the expedition he emigrated to South Africa, where he worked as a general practitioner, dying in 1916.
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Guly, H. Tags: Surgeons Source Type: research

Notes and Jottings
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Tags: Notes and Jottings Source Type: research

Valete, Salvete
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - November 11, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Gardner-Thorpe, C. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Targeting multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) by therapeutic vaccines
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) has scourged humankind for millennia, and latent infection affects nearly one-third of today’s world population. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB is a major global threat and reflects treatment failure of drug-sensitive disease. MDR-TB management is a burden for patients and society; success rates are unacceptably low with prolonged treatment duration. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) possesses the ability to transform into a dormant state in which it can persist in the face of antimicrobial treatment and host defense. This sub-population of persisters is largely res...
Source: Medical Microbiology and Immunology - November 9, 2012 Category: Microbiology Tags: Medical Microbiology and Immunology Source Type: research

Re-evaluating ‘osteopathic principles’
Abstract: From its inception, ‘Principles of Osteopathy’ have been key statements defining the distinctive features of osteopathy and osteopathic medicine. In this paper a brief historical review shows some of the ways these statements have been modified over a century in order to keep them relevant and meaningful. Despite these attempts, it is claimed that such statements merely provide a rallying cry for practitioners trying to remain faithful to a particular historic tradition and heritage. Although it can be argued that a core thread runs through the various interpretations of osteopathic principles—viz., that th...
Source: International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine - November 9, 2012 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Stephen Tyreman Tags: Research Reports Source Type: research

Historical perspectives of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery: Henry T. Bahnson (1920-2003)
Henry Theodore Bahnson (), 57th president of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS), was born in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, on November 15, 1920. The third of 4 sons, he was reared in a family that valued hard work, integrity, and education—values that he would emulate throughout his career. He received his undergraduate education at Davidson College, where he excelled academically and athletically. He was president of his class, was president of his fraternity, and graduated Phi Beta Kappa and Omicron Delta Kappa (BS, 1941). He completed his medical degree cum laude from the Harvard Medical School in 1...
Source: The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - November 9, 2012 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Thomas A. D'Amico, The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Centennial Committee Tags: Presidential Perspectives Source Type: research

Organochlorine pesticides in the lower reaches of Yangtze River: Occurrence, ecological risk and temporal trends.
Abstract Residues of 24 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) including DDT metabolites were investigated in the water and surface sediments from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to evaluate their pollution and potential risks. Concentrations of OCP residues (ΣOCP(24) ranged from 3.07 to 23.70ng/L in water and 0.67 to 58.80ng/gdw in sediments) were generally within safe levels, while adverse biological effects are likely from DDT pollution in the lower reaches. HCH and DDT residues dominated the OCPs. High detection rates but low concentrations of some other OCPs, such as chlordane and endosulfan, were detected i...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 9, 2012 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Tang Z, Huang Q, Yang Y, Zhu X, Fu H Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: research

Reflections on gender issues in work transitions in Chile.
Conclusions: Macro level factors such as participation in the free labour market economy ultimately impacts on the individual's choices the women of Chile had regarding their opportunities to transition into productive paid employment. Understanding of work transitions must consider the of the influences of the labour market economy. PMID: 23142912 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Work - November 9, 2012 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Cronin S Tags: Work Source Type: research

Unforgotten to the unforgettable: How Arpilleras contributed to Chilean history informing everyday occupations and social change.
Conclusion: Through the art of survival and a shared mission, the women of Chile worked outside of the traditional political system to effect political change. PMID: 23142914 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Work - November 9, 2012 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Traini S Tags: Work Source Type: research

Lack of upward creep of glycopeptide MICs for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in the UK and Ireland 2001-07
Conclusions Historical data can give a misleading impression of trends in MIC values because of experimental variation between tests conducted at different times. There was no upward creep in glycopeptide MICs for MRSA in the UK and Ireland between 2001 and 2007.
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - November 9, 2012 Category: Microbiology Authors: Reynolds, R., Hope, R., Warner, M., MacGowan, A. P., Livermore, D. M., Ellington, M. J., on behalf of the BSAC Extended Working Party on Resistance Surveillance Tags: Original research Source Type: research

The newly described mecA homologue, mecALGA251, is present in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from a diverse range of host species
Conclusions The discovery of MRSA isolates possessing mecALGA251 from a diverse range of host species, including different taxonomic classes, has important implications for the diagnosis of MRSA in these species and our understanding of the epidemiology of this novel mecA homologue.
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - November 9, 2012 Category: Microbiology Authors: Paterson, G. K., Larsen, A. R., Robb, A., Edwards, G. E., Pennycott, T. W., Foster, G., Mot, D., Hermans, K., Baert, K., Peacock, S. J., Parkhill, J., Zadoks, R. N., Holmes, M. A. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Secukinumab, a human anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody, for moderate to severe Crohn's disease: unexpected results of a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Conclusions Blockade of IL-17A was ineffective and higher rates of adverse events were noted compared with placebo. Clinical trial registration This trial was registered at ClinicalTrial.gov with the number NCT01009281.
Source: Gut - November 9, 2012 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hueber, W., Sands, B. E., Lewitzky, S., Vandemeulebroecke, M., Reinisch, W., Higgins, P. D. R., Wehkamp, J., Feagan, B. G., Yao, M. D., Karczewski, M., Karczewski, J., Pezous, N., Bek, S., Bruin, G., Mellgard, B., Berger, C., Londei, M., Bertolino, A. P., Tags: Crohn's disease Inflammatory bowel disease Source Type: research

Demographics, diagnosis and treatment of 256 patients with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in mainland China: results of a retrospective, multicentre study
Conclusion This study provides valuable information on the current and historical situation of BH4 deficiency in mainland China. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10545-012-9550-6Authors Jun Ye, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaYanling Yang, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaWeimin Yu, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaHui Zou, Jinan Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Rep...
Source: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease - November 8, 2012 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease Source Type: research

Rediscovering the Reach of Core Public Health.
Abstract The success of public health has been its ability to understand contemporary health problems, to communicate the needs successfully, to identify solutions, and to implement them through programs and policies. In the past 50 years, those successes can be attributed largely to control of infectious disease, improved maternal and child health, delivery of other personal health care services, and changes in behaviors, particularly smoking. Yet health is primarily a product of our social, cultural, and physical environments. To continue to improve the nation's health and reduce disparities, public health needs ...
Source: Annual Review of Public Health - November 8, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Teutsch SM, Fielding JE Tags: Annu Rev Public Health Source Type: research

A Multicenter, Phase I, Dose-Escalation Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Etirinotecan Pegol in Patients with Refractory Solid Tumors.
CONCLUSIONS: Etirinotecan pegol demonstrated substantial antitumor activity in patients with various solid tumors and a somewhat different safety profile compared with the irinotecan historical profile. The MTD recommended for phase II clinical trials is 145 mg/m2 q14d or q21d. PMID: 23136196 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - November 7, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jameson GS, Hamm JT, Weiss GJ, Alemany C, Anthony SP, Basche M, Ramanathan RK, Borad MJ, Tibes R, Cohn AL, Hinshaw I, Jotte RM, Rosen LS, Hoch U, Eldon MA, Medve R, Schroeder K, White E, Von Hoff DD Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

First birth interval, an indicator of energetic status, is a predictor of lifetime reproductive strategy
Conclusions:Our results suggest that women who were in better energetic condition (shorter length of FBI), achieved higher reproductive success without reduction in lifespan. FBI reflects interindividual variation, which may result from variation in nutritional status early in life and thus may be a good predictor of subsequent reproductive strategy. We propose to use FBI as an indicator of women's nutritional status in studies of historical populations, especially when information about social status is not available. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: American Journal of Human Biology - November 7, 2012 Category: Biology Authors: Ilona Nenko, Grazyna Jasienska Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Archie Brain: celebrating 30 years of development in laryngeal mask airways
Summary The practice of anaesthesia was revolutionised by the ideas of Archie Brain. The routine use of a facemask to manage the airway was not a hands‐free technique, despite the development of various harnesses, and made adequate record‐keeping difficult. The tracheal tube was associated with some morbidity, which some felt was unsuitable for day surgery. Brain developed an airway management device that was less stressful to the patient than tracheal intubation, and was, however, as safe as using a facemask and airway. Brain also hoped his device would function for cases where mask ventilation was particularly diffic...
Source: Anaesthesia - November 7, 2012 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: T. C. R. V. van Zundert, J. R. Brimacombe, D. Z. Ferson, D. R. Bacon, D. J. Wilkinson Tags: Historical Article Source Type: research

Distribution and fate of HCH isomers and DDT metabolites in a tropical environment--case study Cameron Highlands--Malaysia
Conclusions: The results illustrate distribution, behaviour and fate of HCHs, and DDTs have closely connected with topological and meteorological properties of the area beyond their chemical characterizations. The features of environmental circumstances exceed one or more of these characters in importance than the other. Although the results show that the situation is better than 1998, the impact of persistent agrochemicals such as lindane and 4,4[prime]DDE are revealed in a key tropical area of Malaysia.
Source: Chemistry Central Journal - November 7, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Naghmeh SaadatiMd Pauzi AbdullahZuriati ZakariaMajid RezayiNader Hosseinizare Source Type: research

Historical Walk: The HRP Special Programme and Infertility
Gynecol Obstet Invest 2012;74:218–227 (DOI:10.1159/000343058)
Source: Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation - November 6, 2012 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

Migrants’ motivations to work in the care sector: experiences from England within the context of EU enlargement
This article investigates reported individual motivations and the decision making process while accounting for macro factors, specifically ease of labour mobility within the EEA versus a more elaborate process when migrating to work in social care in the UK from outside the EEA. Face to face interviews were conducted with 96 migrant social care and social work staff in six diverse areas of England (2007–2009). The analysis indicates differences in stated motivations to migrate to the UK and to work in the care sector among different groups of migrants, particularly among those from Commonwealth countries, from the E...
Source: European Journal of Ageing - November 6, 2012 Category: Geriatrics Tags: European Journal of Ageing Source Type: research

Ventricular Assist Devices: Is Destination Therapy a Viable Alternative in the Non-Transplant Candidate?
Abstract The topic of this article, stated a more familiar way, is whether left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are ready for ‘Primetime’ as a therapeutic option in and of themselves. In order to provide an update and insight on this question, we briefly review from where the field has come, and in more detail describe its current state and where we are heading. We believe the short answer to this question is ‘Yes’, but like many things, a short answer is not adequate. Here we attempt to deliver a more comprehensive answer, providing some historical context, outlining the great achievements that h...
Source: Current Heart Failure Reports - November 6, 2012 Category: Cardiology Tags: Current Heart Failure Reports Source Type: research

Ascorbic Acid in Cancer Chemoprevention: Translational Perspectives and Efficacy.
Abstract Chemoprevention, which is referred to as the use of nontoxic natural or synthetic chemicals to intervene in multistage carcinogenesis has since decades attracted a considerable interest in plant-derived chemical constituents often termed as "phytochemicals" or sometimes as "Nutraceuticals" in case they are derived from dietary sources. A comprehensive search of the literature show that such an interest in natural product pharmacology has surged in the last 25 years and particularly risen at exponential rates since the last one decade. Phytochemicals such as curcumin (from spice turmeric), resveratrol (from...
Source: Current Drug Targets - November 6, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ullah MF, Bhat SH, Hussain E, Abu-Duhier F, Ahmad A, Hadi SM Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

Risks from sediments contaminated with organochlorine pesticides in Hangzhou, China.
Abstract In September 2009, we investigated the residues, enantiomer fractions (EFs) and biological risks of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), in three different depth ranges (0-5cm, 5-10cm and 10-15cm) of sediments from 15 sites in Hangzhou, China. The concentration (ngg(-1)dryweight) ranges of HCHs and DDTs in surface sediments were 0.74-5.8 and 0.76-17, respectively. The vertical distribution of mean OCP concentrations was in the order of 10-15cm>5-10cm>0-5cm and implied that the residues of HCHs and DDTs gradually decreas...
Source: Chemosphere - November 6, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: Wu C, Zhang A, Liu W Tags: Chemosphere Source Type: research

Twin Database of the Secondary School Attached to the Faculty of Education of the University of Tokyo: Lifecourse Database of Twins.
This article profiles the historical twin databases of the secondary education school attached to the Faculty of Education at the University of Tokyo. The school was established in 1948. Every year, about 50 pairs of twins of all sex and zygosity combinations and aged 11-12 years take an examination, and about 10-20 pairs are admitted based on the results. Three data sets exist: one for applicants (11-12 years), one for junior and senior high school students (12-18 years), and one for graduates (18-79 years). Record linkage of these three databases should facilitate several important research projects; for example, the lif...
Source: Twin Research and Human Genetics - November 6, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Ooki S Tags: Twin Res Hum Genet Source Type: research