Infectious Diseases This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 4.

Intrahost genetic variability of human herpes virus-8.
Abstract Studies were conducted to determine whether HHV-8 hyperactivity could be the consequence of the propensity of the host to multiple HHV-8 infection. The aim of the present work was to investigate HHV-8 intrahost genetic variability. HHV-8 subgenomic DNA was amplified by PCR from patients infected with HIV, health care workers (HCW) and bone marrow transplant recipients (BMT), and from oral lesional tissues of AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) patients. As controls, blood from HIV-negative health care workers, and the cell lines BC-1, BC-2, and BCP-1 were used. Clones derived from amplicons originating from DNA fra...
Source: Herpes - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Leao JC, de Faria AB, Fonseca DD, Gueiros LA, Silva IH, Porter SR Tags: J Med Virol Source Type: research

HHV8-Negative Primary Effusion Lymphoma of B-Cell Lineage: Two Cases and a Comprehensive Review of the Literature.
We describe two HIV-negative patients who presented with primary effusion lymphoma of B-cell lineage involving the pleural cavity, but whose tumor cells lacked infection by HHV8. We review the English language literature of HHV8-negative PEL of B-cell lineage and compare these lymphomas to HHV8-associated PEL with regard to clinical and pathological characteristics, therapy, and outcome. PMID: 23401819 [PubMed]
Source: Herpes - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Saini N, Hochberg EP, Linden EA, Jha S, Grohs HK, Sohani AR Tags: Case Rep Oncol Med Source Type: research

A case of relapsing kikuchi-fujimoto disease.
Abstract Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis was first described in Japan in 1972. It is described as a benign syndrome most commonly involving cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and night sweats. The etiology of KFD is unknown but it is thought to be triggered by an autoimmune or viral process with an exaggerated T-cell-mediated immune response. KFD can mimic other serious conditions such as lymphoma, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), herpes simplex, and Epstein Barr virus. Diagnosis is confirmed histopathologically. Kikuchi's disease is typically reported to have a self-limitin...
Source: Herpes - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Rezayat T, Carroll MB, Ramsey BC, Smith A Tags: Case Report Otolaryngol Source Type: research

Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Enhances NF-κB/p65 Signaling in Inflammatory Breast Cancer Patients.
Abstract Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an endemic herpes virus that re-emerges in cancer patients enhancing oncogenic potential. Recent studies have shown that HCMV infection is associated with certain types of cancer morbidity such as glioblastoma. Although HCMV has been detected in breast cancer tissues, its role, if any, in the etiology of specific forms of breast cancer has not been investigated. In the present study we investigated the presence of HCMV infection in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), a rapidly progressing form of breast cancer characterized by specific molecular signature. We screened for anti...
Source: Herpes - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: El-Shinawi M, Mohamed HT, El-Ghonaimy EA, Tantawy M, Younis A, Schneider RJ, Mohamed MM Tags: PLoS One Source Type: research

Cellular MicroRNAs 498 and 320d Regulate Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Induction of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Lytic Replication by Targeting RTA.
Abstract Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection was necessary but not sufficient for KS development without other cofactors. We have previously reported that herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 was an important cofactor that reactivated KSHV from latency by inducing the expression of KSHV replication and transcription activator (RTA), the lytic switch protein. Here, we further investigated the possible cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in regulation of RTA during HSV-1-induced KSHV replication. The differential profiles of miRNAs expression between Mock- and HSV-1-infected body cavity-based lymphoma (...
Source: Herpes - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yan Q, Li W, Tang Q, Yao S, Lv Z, Feng N, Ma X, Bai Z, Zeng Y, Qin D, Lu C Tags: PLoS One Source Type: research

Misdiagnosis of HIV infection: implications for universal testing: Erratum
No abstract available
Source: AIDS - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Errata Source Type: research

California pharmacy floods population with free antibiotics, promoting deadly superbugs and environmental pollution
Antibiotic-resistant superbugs kill 48,000 Americans each year -- roughly the same number of American soldiers who died in the entire Vietnam War. This data was published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, and the data is from 2006. It's certainly much worse today...
Source: NaturalNews.com - February 20, 2013 Category: Consumer Health Advice Source Type: news

Effects of ureteral stents on risk of bacteriuria in renal allograft recipients
ConclusionIndependent risk factors for bacteriuria following kidney transplantation include DGF, prolonged postoperative Foley catheterization, and recipient female gender, but not placement of ureteral stents.
Source: Transplant Infectious Disease - February 20, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: P. Chordia, D. Schain, L. Kayler Tags: Original Report Source Type: research

Mosquitoes exposed to DEET once are less repelled by it a few hours later
(Public Library of Science) Mosquitoes are able to ignore the smell of the insect repellent DEET within a few hours of being exposed to it, according to research published Feb. 20 in the open access journal PLOS ONE by James Logan, Nina Stanczyk and colleagues from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Impact of Preoperative MRSA Screening and Decolonization on Hospital-acquired MRSA Burden.
CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of a staphylococcal decolonization protocol at a single specialty orthopaedic hospital decreased the prevalence density of MRSA. PMID: 23423618 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research - February 20, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Mehta S, Hadley S, Hutzler L, Slover J, Phillips M, Bosco JA Tags: Clin Orthop Relat Res Source Type: research

Eosinophilic granulomatous gastrointestinal and hepatic abscesses attributable to basidiobolomycosis and fasciolias: a simultaneous emergence in Iraqi Kurdistan
Conclusions: Basidiobolomycosis and F. hepatica are implicated as the cause of abdominal eosinophilic granulomatous abscesses in 12 of 14 patients identified over a period of 40 months in northern Iraq. Treatment was complicated by chronic biliary tract disease in fascioliasis and perforation and recurrent intestinal obstruction with basidiobolomycosis.
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hemmin HassanRunnak MajidNawshirwan RashidBryar NuradeenQalandar AbdulkarimTahir HawramyRekawt RashidAlton FarrisJeannette GuarnerMichael Hughson Source Type: research

A longitudinal evaluation of the impact of a polylactic acid injection therapy on health related quality of life amongst HIV patients treated with anti-retroviral agents under real conditions of use
Conclusions: Improvements to quality of life and diminished lipoatrophy visibility were observed in the months immediately following NEW-FILL(R) treatment and were maintained 12--18 months post-treatment. Most adverse events were mild and transient. ABCD MID thresholds provide clinicians with means to assess the impact of lipoatrophy therapies on QoL.
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Martin DuracinskyPascale LeclercqAndrew ArmstrongMarc DolivoFrédéric MoulyOlivier Chassany Source Type: research

Comparing patient care seeking pathways in three models of hospital and TB programme collaboration in China
Conclusion: Specialist hospital treating uncomplicated cases not using the standard regimens posed a threat to TB control. The integrated model has shortened patient treatment pathways, and reduced patient costs; therefore, it could be considered as the direction for future reform of China's TB control system.
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Xiaolin WeiGuanyang ZouJia YinJohn WalleyQiang Sun Source Type: research

Etiology and outcome of severe community acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent adults
Background: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a commonly encountered disease, one third of which is Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia (SCAP) that can be potentially fatal. There is a paucity of data on etiology and outcome of patients with SCAP in South Asian Population. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2002 till December 2008 on patients of 16 years and above who were admitted with the diagnosis of SCAP in accordance to the criteria of American Thoracic Society Guidelines (2001). The patients underwent clinical and diagnostic evaluations to detect the severity of illness as wel...
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ali KhawajaAli ZubairiFahad DurraniAfia Zafar Source Type: research

NIH-funded researchers begin trial of Shigella vaccine candidates
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Researchers have launched an early-stage human clinical trial of two related candidate vaccines to prevent infection with Shigella, bacteria that are a significant cause of diarrheal illness, particularly among children. The Phase I clinical trial, funded by NIAID, part of NIH, will evaluate the vaccines for safety and their ability to induce immune responses among 90 healthy adults ages 18 to 45 years.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - February 20, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

New SARS-like virus could show up in U.S.
Infectious disease experts say they wouldn't be surprised if a new virus that's sickened 12 people and killed six shows up in the United States.
Source: WDSU.com - Health - February 19, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

A White-Tailed Deer/Lone Star Tick Model for Studying Transmission of Ehrlichia chaffeensis
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: article Source Type: research

Calcium Intake and Bone Loss in HIV-infected and UninfectedCalcium Intake and Bone Loss in HIV-infected and Uninfected
Does daily calcium intake help prevent bone loss in HIV infected patients? BMC Infectious Diseases
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - February 19, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases Journal Article Source Type: news

Detection of Carbapenemase-producing EnterobacteriaceaeDetection of Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
Use of this rapid, accurate test would improve detection of patients infected or colonized with carbapenemase producers. Emerging Infectious Diseases
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - February 19, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases Journal Article Source Type: news

Multidrug-Resistant Gonorrhea: New Treatment Guidelines Multidrug-Resistant Gonorrhea: New Treatment Guidelines
Multidrug-resistant gonorrhea is increasing in the United States, according to a recent CDC report. Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines - February 19, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases News Source Type: news

Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: New Precautions Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: New Precautions
A new Health Advisory, issued by the CDC, expands guidelines for preventing the spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, organisms said to be on the rise. Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - February 19, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases News Source Type: news

Am J Trop Med Hyg; +41 new citations
41 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: Am J Trop Med Hyg These pubmed results were generated on 2013/02/19PubMed, a service of the National Library of Medicine, includes over 15 million citations for biomedical articles back to the 1950's. These citations are from MEDLINE and additional life science journals. PubMed includes links to many sites providing full text articles and other related resources.
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Report Source Type: research

UK Beta Coronavirus Cluster Media Myths
The commentary discusses the media myths associated with the UK beta coronavirus cluster. (02/19/13 13:30)
Source: Recombinomics - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Mortality burden of the 2009‐10 influenza pandemic in the United States: improving the timeliness of influenza severity estimates using inpatient mortality records
ConclusionsModeling inpatient mortality records provides useful estimates of influenza severity in advance of national vital statistics release, capturing both the magnitude and the age distribution of pandemic and epidemic deaths. We provide the first age‐ and cause‐specific estimates of the 2009 pandemic mortality burden using traditional ‘excess mortality’ methods, confirming the unusual burden of this virus in young populations. Our inpatient‐based approach could help monitor mortality trends in other infectious diseases.
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Vivek Charu, Lone Simonsen, Roger Lustig, Claudia Steiner, Cécile Viboud Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

[Clinical Picture] A young man with livid facial nodules and a loss of eyebrows
A 25 year old man from Laos, who had been living in Germany for 4 years, presented at our dermatology outpatient clinic with symptomless symmetrical livid-brown nodules on the cheeks, nose, and earlobes accompanied by a loss of the eyebrows (). This presentation was not disturbing the patient and he reported that these lesions had been present for years. His overall health status was good.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tobias Weberschock, Stephan Göttig Tags: Clinical Picture Source Type: research

[Personal View] A comprehensive regulatory framework to address the unmet need for new antibacterial treatments
To bring new antibacterial drugs to the market is challenging because discovery of new agents is difficult, two large trials per indication are needed in accordance with traditional regulatory requirements, and the economic reward is limited if the use of new antibiotics is constrained. These challenges have resulted in an alarmingly thin antibiotic pipeline, despite the rapid and continued growth in the need for new drugs. Approaches that balance the quantity of data needed for registration with the unmet medical need would encourage work in this area.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: John H Rex, Barry I Eisenstein, Jeff Alder, Mark Goldberger, Robert Meyer, Aaron Dane, Ian Friedland, Charles Knirsch, Wendy R Sanhai, John Tomayko, Cindy Lancaster, Jennifer Jackson Tags: Personal View Source Type: research

[Review] Immunosuppression in sepsis: a novel understanding of the disorder and a new therapeutic approach
Failures of highly touted trials have caused experts to call for re-evaluation of the current approach toward sepsis. New research has revealed key pathogenic mechanisms; autopsy results have shown that most patients admitted to intensive care units for treatment of sepsis had unresolved septic foci at post mortem, suggesting that patients were unable to eradicate invading pathogens and were more susceptible to nosocomial organisms, or both. These results suggest that therapies that improve host immunity might increase survival.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Richard S Hotchkiss, Guillaume Monneret, Didier Payen Tags: Review Source Type: research

[Review] HIV-1 protease inhibitors for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-co-infected individuals
The global prevalence of HIV is a major challenge for control of visceral leishmaniasis, a disseminated protozoan infection. In some east African regions, up to 40% of patients with visceral leishmaniasis are co-infected with HIV. Management of visceral leishmaniasis in such patients is complicated by treatment failures and relapses, even while patients are receiving standard antiretroviral therapy. In-vitro studies have consistently documented an inhibitory effect of specific HIV-1 protease inhibitors on leishmania parasites, and the underlying mechanism is partly explained.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Johan van Griensven, Ermias Diro, Rogelio Lopez-Velez, Marleen Boelaert, Lutgarde Lynen, Ed Zijlstra, Jean-Claude Dujardin, Asrat Hailu Tags: Review Source Type: research

[Articles] Safety and immunogenicity of an oral, replicating adenovirus serotype 4 vector vaccine for H5N1 influenza: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 study
Oral Ad4 vector priming might enhance the efficacy of poorly immunogenic vaccines such as H5N1.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Marc Gurwith, Michael Lock, Eve M Taylor, Glenn Ishioka, Jeff Alexander, Tim Mayall, John E Ervin, Richard N Greenberg, Cynthia Strout, John J Treanor, Richard Webby, Peter F Wright Tags: Articles Source Type: research

[Articles] Corticosteroids for prevention of mortality in people with tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Steroids could be effective in reducing mortality for all forms of tuberculosis, including pulmonary tuberculosis. However, further evidence is needed since few recent trials have assessed the effectiveness of corticosteroids in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Julia A Critchley, Fiona Young, Lois Orton, Paul Garner Tags: Articles Source Type: research

[Articles] Worldwide burden of HIV in transgender women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Our findings suggest that transgender women are a very high burden population for HIV and are in urgent need of prevention, treatment, and care services. The meta-analysis showed remarkable consistency and severity of the HIV disease burden among transgender women.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Stefan D Baral, Tonia Poteat, Susanne Strömdahl, Andrea L Wirtz, Thomas E Guadamuz, Chris Beyrer Tags: Articles Source Type: research

[Articles] Travel-associated sexually transmitted infections: an observational cross-sectional study of the GeoSentinel surveillance database
The range of STIs varies substantially according to traveller category. STI preventive strategies should be particularly targeted at men and travellers visiting friends or relatives. Our data suggest target groups for pretravel interventions and should assist in post-travel screening and decision making.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Alberto Matteelli, Patricia Schlagenhauf, Anna CC Carvalho, Leisa Weld, Xiaohong M Davis, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Elizabeth D Barnett, Philippe Parola, Prativa Pandey, Pauline Han, Francesco Castelli, for the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network Tags: Articles Source Type: research

[Media Watch] The diversity of infectious disease
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Colin Sharp Tags: Media Watch Source Type: research

[Media Watch] Yellow Jack: chaos in Memphis
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Rebecca Heald Tags: Media Watch Source Type: research

[Media Watch] Many needles, little thread
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Talha Burki Tags: Media Watch Source Type: research

[Newsdesk] Research brief
Efforts to eradicate tuberculosis have failed in part because Mycobacterium tuberculosis can remain dormant in people for years. But where does non-replicating M tuberculosis hide in the human body? Researchers report that M tuberculosis can be maintained in vitro in human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Moreover, M tuberculosis is present in an equivalent population of cells purified from mice infected with nonreplicating M tuberculosis, and viable M tuberculosis can be recovered from BM-MSCs isolated from individuals who have completed an anti-tuberculosis treatment course.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jane Bradbury Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: research

[Newsdesk] Infectious disease surveillance update
Five cases of avian influenza H5N1, including four fatalities, have been confirmed so far in Cambodia in 2013. In all cases, the patients presented with fever, cough, and other symptoms of influenza-like illness. Four of the patients had been in close contact with poultry, and human-to-human transmission is not suspected. The Cambodian Ministry of Health's rapid response team is investigating the cases, and public health education campaigns are underway in villages to inform people about the virus and how to protect themselves from it.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Katherine Gourd Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: research

[Newsdesk] Faecal transplantation for recurrent C difficile diarrhoea
As evidence supporting faecal microbiota therapy for recurrent Clostridium difficile diarrhoea grows, can we overcome the yuck factor to this promising approach? Kathryn Senior investigates.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kathryn Senior Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: research

[Newsdesk] Real-time responses to severe influenza outbreaks
The USA is experiencing its worst influenza outbreak since the H1N1 pandemic of 2009, and this year the H3N2 strain is dominating, causing high rates of hospitalisation and mortality in people older than 65 years. New York City Health Commissioner Thomas Farley announced that apart from the 2009 season, this was the most severe influenza season New York had seen in almost a decade. In New York State, Governor Andrew Cuomo declared a health emergency when influenza levels soared early in January, 2013, to more than five times the levels seen in the previous winter.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tony Kirby Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: research

[Correspondence] 16S rDNA PCR in diagnosis of Lemierre's syndrome
In their Grand Round paper, Krutika Kuppalli and colleagues have omitted an important device for the diagnosis of Lemierre's syndrome. Molecular methods, including broad-range 16S rDNA PCR, are increasingly being used on culture-negative specimens from normally sterile sites in developed countries.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mitul Patel Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

[Correspondence] HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive patients in sub-Saharan Africa
We read with interest the Correspondence by Anthony Amoroso and colleagues on high HIV-1 drug resistance in Uganda. We recognise their alternative interpretation of our study findings, that besides long community exposure to antiretroviral drugs, poor adherence rates, suboptimum patient retention in care, treatment interruptions, and resultant poor viral suppression outcomes during the antiretroviral therapy scale-up could have exacerbated the development of drug resistance at the community level.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Raph L Hamers, Kim CE Sigaloff, Cissy Kityo, Peter Mugyenyi, Tobias F Rinke de Wit Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

[Correspondence] A vaccine to prevent epidemic meningitis in Africa
The report by Ryan Novak and colleagues on reduction of meningitis with the meningococcal A conjugate vaccine (PsA–TT) in Burkina Faso 1 year after a mass vaccination campaign represents one of the most important public health achievements in Africa. Because of two key factors, the lives of millions of people have improved after decades of epidemic meningitis that affected the health, economic, and social wellbeing of the country.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Simonetta Viviani Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

[Correspondence] Cross protection against HPV might prevent type replacement
Duration of efficacy of the two prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines Cervarix and Gardasil is the most important question for population control of HPV infection, and if the duration exceeds 15 years, the control of cervical cancer. The phase 2 randomised controlled trials were designed to show 5 year efficacy for Gardasil, and 9·4 year efficacy for Cervarix; both phase 3 trials were ended before 4 years. HPV16 and HPV18, the most aggressive oncogenic HPV types, are the main vaccine targets, and have 17% and 11% cumulative incidences of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or greater (CIN3+) over a 10 ye...
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Inge Verdenius, Jennifer A Groner, Diane M Harper Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

[Correspondence] The 2009 influenza pandemic – Authors' reply
Peter Doshi cites the challenges in estimation of influenza-associated mortality and the knowledge gaps that remain despite advances in global influenza surveillance. We agree that many challenges exist in accurate estimation of influenza-associated deaths and that any estimate, including ours, is subject to the limitations and uncertainty of the data and assumptions that inform it.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Fatimah S Dawood, A Danielle Iuliano, Marc-Alain Widdowson Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

[Correspondence] The 2009 influenza pandemic
Fatimah Dawood and colleagues' Article about estimated global mortality from the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus confirms our own findings in Poland.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Adam Bochenek, Dariusz Majkowski Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

[Corrections] Corrections
Ralph AP, Lucas RM, Norval M. Vitamin D and solar ultraviolet radiation in the risk and treatment of tuberculosis. Lancet Infect Dis 2013; 13: 77–88—in the third sentence of the section Immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D should have read “Contrastingly, the suppression of acquired immune responses by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D could impair clearance of M tuberculosis…”. In panel 1, reference 21 should have been reference 26. In table 2, for Tostman et al the 25(OH)D cutoff for insufficient should have been 50–75 nmol/L, and reference 100 should have been 101.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: The Lancet Infectious Diseases Tags: Corrections Source Type: research

[Comment] Dengue vaccine efficacy trial: does interference cause failure?
Live-attenuated vaccines replicate at low concentrations and elicit protective immunity without causing disease. This strategy has proven to be successful when the vaccine targets one pathogen, as is the case for vaccines against yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis viruses. Translation of this straightforward idea to target dengue has proven frustrating, because dengue is a complex flaviviral disease that is caused by not one, but four antigenically distinct dengue viruses (DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4).
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sathyamangalam Swaminathan, Navin Khanna, Belinda Herring, Suresh Mahalingam Tags: Comment Source Type: research

[Comment] Legislation of clinical antibiotic use in China
On Aug 1, 2012, China formally implemented a decree issued by its Ministry of Health on administrative regulations for clinical use of antibacterial agents. This ruling defines all aspects of antibiotic use in hospitals, including selection, procurement, prescription, use, monitoring, and legal responsibility, and is the strictest regulation yet for antibiotic management in China. The major purpose of the new regulations is to ensure rational use of antimicrobial agents.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yonghong Xiao, Lanjuan Li Tags: Comment Source Type: research

[Comment] No easy route to a pandemic influenza vaccine
In The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Marc Gurwith and colleagues report a randomised phase 1 study of a novel oral pandemic influenza vaccine, involving 166 volunteers (125 assigned vaccine, 41 assigned placebo) in the USA. The most effective protection against disease and death caused by influenza viruses is vaccination, but although widely used, efficacy of licensed vaccines has been questioned in recent years, and new vaccines are needed to protect against pandemic, rather than seasonal, influenza viruses.
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 19, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sarah C Gilbert Tags: Comment Source Type: research