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Smoking Cessation: A Paradise for an Alternative to Evidence-based Medicine?
Tahiri et al concluded that acupuncture and hypnosis may help people quit smoking. They used the Cochrane assessment tool to assess the quality of included randomized controlled trials for their meta-analysis, but their conclusion differs from 2 recent Cochrane systematic reviews: “There is no consistent evidence that acupuncture (and the related intervention acupressure, laser therapy, or electrostimulation) and hypnotherapy are effective for smoking cessation.”
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Alain Braillon, Edzard Ernst Tags: Letters Source Type: research

The Reply
Thank you for the letter regarding our article entitled “A New Disease: Bicuspid Aortic Valve Aortopathy Syndrome.” I agree with your assertion that this congenital disease entity is not uncommon and appreciate your clarification of the prevalence of approximately 1 in 50 (up to 2%) of the general population. The motivation for our report was to introduce this potentially unheard-of association between a seemingly innocent common congenital aortic valve abnormality with its lesser known associated and potentially deadly counterpart of aortic pathology.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Vincent L. Sorrell Tags: Letters Source Type: research

Bicuspid Aortic Valve Aortopathy Syndrome: A Potentially Familiar Disease
We read with great interest the editorial by Sorrell et al on bicuspid aortic valves and aortic disorders, which was recently published in the Journal. It is important to highlight the relevance of this congenital disease, prevalent among 0.5% to 2% of the population, and its association with other congenital defects, ascending aortic aneurysm, and the risk of aortic dissection, as well as its probable hereditary or familial pattern present in 10% to 30% of bicuspid aortic valve cases.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: María Martín, Juan P. Flórez Muñoz, Irene A. Pichel, Isabel Rodríguez Tags: Letters Source Type: research

A Randomized Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Primary Care-based Buprenorphine
Abstract: Objective: To determine the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy on outcomes in primary care, office-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment of opioid dependence. Methods: We conducted a 24-week randomized clinical trial in 141 opioid-dependent patients in a primary care clinic. Patients were randomized to physician management or physician management plus cognitive behavioral therapy. Physician management was brief, manual guided, and medically focused; cognitive behavioral therapy was manual guided and provided for the first 12 weeks of treatment. The primary outcome measures were self-reported frequency of...
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: David A. Fiellin, Declan T. Barry, Lynn E. Sullivan, Christopher J. Cutter, Brent A. Moore, Patrick G. O'Connor, Richard S. Schottenfeld Tags: Clinical research studies Source Type: research

Endocarditis and Risk of Cancer: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Conclusion: Endocarditis is a substantial clinical marker for presence of occult cancer. We found no evidence of decreased long-term cancer risk after antibiotic treatment for endocarditis.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Reimar Wernich Thomsen, Dóra Körmendiné Farkas, Søren Friis, Claus Sværke, Anne Gulbech Ording, Mette Nørgaard, Henrik Toft Sørensen Tags: Clinical research studies Source Type: research

Frontiers of Therapy for Patients With Heart Failure
Abstract: This review broadly covers advances in heart failure, which is responsible for significant morbidity, mortality, and cost in the United States. It is a heterogeneous condition, and accurate classification helps ensure appropriate application of evidence-based therapies. Hemodynamics are important in acute heart failure syndromes and may help tailor therapy. Neurohormonal modulation forms the cornerstone of chronic systolic heart failure treatment but does not affect outcomes in diastolic heart failure where management goals emphasize optimization of central volume, blood pressure, and atrial rhythm, as well as t...
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Stanley S. Liu, Jennifer Monti, Hamid M. Kargbo, Muhammad W. Athar, Kapil Parakh Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Almost Getting With the Guidelines
SEE RELATED ARTICLE p. 74.e1
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Prashant Vaishnava, Kim A. Eagle Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Microparticle‐associated tissue factor activity in patients with pancreatic cancer: Correlation with clinicopathological features
ConclusionMP‐TF activity might represent a biomarker for a poorly differentiated and invasive pancreatic cancer phenotype and poor survival.
Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Johannes Thaler, Cihan Ay, Nigel Mackman, Sylvia Metz‐Schimmerl, Judith Stift, Alexandra Kaider, Leonhard Müllauer, Michael Gnant, Werner Scheithauer, Ingrid Pabinger Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Thymosin Β4 Protects C57bl/6 Mice From Bleomycin‐Induced Damage In The Lung
ConclusionsThis is the first report that shows a Tβ4 protective role in lung toxicity associated with bleomycin in a mouse model. Future studies are needed to assess its putative antifibrotic properties
Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Enrico Conte, Tiziana Genovese, Elisa Gili, Emanuela Esposito, Maria Iemmolo, Mary Fruciano, Evelina Fagone, Maria Provvidenza Pistorio, Nunzio Crimi, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Carlo Vancheri Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Protecting intellectual property associated with Canadian academic clinical trials - approaches and impact
Intellectual property is associated with the creative work needed to design clinical trials. Two approaches have developed to protect the intellectual property associated with multicentre trial protocols prior to site initiation.The 'open access' approach involves publishing the protocol, permitting easy access to the complete protocol. The main advantages of the open access approach are that the protocol is freely available to all stakeholders, permitting them to discuss the protocol widely with colleagues, assess the quality and rigour of the protocol, determine the feasibility of conducting the trial at their centre, an...
Source: Trials - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sue RossLaura MageeMark WalkerStephen Wood Source Type: research

Impact of pharmaceutical care on the quality of life of patients with Chagas disease and heart failure: randomized clinical trial
DiscussionPatients with Chagas heart disease complicated by heart failure under pharmaceutical care are expected to improve their quality of life, present with a lower incidence of drug-related problems, improve their functional capacity, and improve in their compliance to treatment.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01566617
Source: Trials - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Gilberto SilvaMayara ChambelaAndrea SousaLuiz SangenisSergio XavierAndréa CostaPedro BrasilAlejandro Hasslocher-MorenoRoberto Saraiva Source Type: research

A Text Messaging-Based Smoking Cessation Program for Adult Smokers: Randomized Controlled Trial
Conclusions: Although the study was not powered to detect statistically significant differences, as the primary aim was to provide estimates of effect size that could be used to better inform a power analysis for a larger trial, findings provide optimism that SMS Turkey may be able to affect quitting rates in environments with high smoking prevalence, such as Ankara, Turkey. The SMS Turkey software program did not work as well as it did 2 years previous. The system will need to be updated to maintain software compatibility with ongoing technology evolution. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00912795 http://clinical...
Source: Journal of Medical Internet Research - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Michele YbarraA. Tülay Bağcı BosiJosephine KorchmarosSalih Emri Source Type: research

Increasing ciprofloxacin resistance of isolates from infected urines of a cross-section of patients in Karachi
Conclusions: A decrease in bacterial susceptibility of uropathogens to ciprofloxacin, a commonly prescribed drug in our population, is underlined, occurring possibly due to overuse pressure. Empirical initial treatment with ciprofloxacin would be inadequate in more than half of UTI cases, thereby counseling increased C/S testing of urines to provide existing sensitivity data for apt drug prescription.
Source: BioMed Central - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Farhan Essa AbdullahAkhtar Amin MemonMuhammad Yasin BandukdaMarium Jamil Source Type: research

Adaptive evolution by recombination is not associated with increased mutation rates in Maize streak virus
Conclusions: While our results suggest that recombination does not strongly influence mutation rates in MSV, they indicate that high geminivirus mutation rates are at least partially attributable to increased susceptibility of all geminivirus genomes to oxidative damage while in a single stranded state.
Source: BioMed Central - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Adérito L MonjaneDaniel PandeFrancisco LakayDionne N ShepherdEric van der WaltPierre LefeuvreJean-Michel LettArvind VarsaniEdward P RybickiDarren P Martin Source Type: research

Non-local competition drives both rapid divergence and prolonged stasis in a model of speciation in populations with degenerate resource consumption
The theory of speciation is dominated by adaptationist thinking, with less attention to mechanisms that do not affect species adaptation. Degeneracy -- the imperfect specificity of interactions between diverse elements of biological systems and their environments -- is key to the adaptability of populations. A mathematical model was explored in which population and resource were distributed one-dimensionally according to trait value. Resource consumption was degenerate -- neither strictly location-specific nor location-independent. As a result, the competition for resources among the elements of the population was non-loca...
Source: BioMed Central - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Nicholas AtamasMichael S AtamasFaina AtamasSergei P Atamas Source Type: research

Imaging joints for calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition: a knock to the knees
With advanced age, articular calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition (CPPD) is common. Defining who has CPPD is of growing importance, given increases in longevity in many countries and the frequent association of chondrocalcinosis with osteoarthritis. Chondrocalcinosis detected by plain radiography serves as a major screening tool, but how many and which sites to screen have not been adequately defined in the past. The work of Abhishek and colleagues in the previous issue of Arthritis Research and Therapy sheds new light on the incomplete information from knee radiographs, and helps position us to learn more about the ep...
Source: BioMed Central - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Robert Terkeltaub Source Type: research

Inflammatory lesions in the bone marrow of rheumatoid arthritis patients: a morphological perspective
The synovial tissue stands at the epicenter of joint pathology in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As a primary target of the disease, studies on the synovium have provided invaluable insights into the mechanisms involved in disease pathogenesis. Recent work has, however, revealed the importance of a previously unseen anatomic compartment in direct contact with the joint space, namely the subchondral bone marrow. Bone marrow edema (BME) visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is clinically meaningful in both early and late RA as it associates with future development of bone erosions and poor functional outcomes. Although the...
Source: BioMed Central - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Serena BugattiAntonio ManzoRoberto CaporaliCarlomaurizio Montecucco Source Type: research

Flirting with CFTR modifier genes at happy hour
Beer and modifier genes now have something in common, Marc Blondel highlights a yeast-based model is an original solution to find putative modifier genes in cystic fibrosis.
Source: BioMed Central - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Marc Blondel Source Type: research

Interleukin-27: a potential new sepsis biomarker exposed through genome-wide transcriptional profiling
Sepsis is a complex clinical condition that is driven predominantly by deviations from the orderly stereotypic immunological response to infection. Much effort has been undertaken in the search for biomarkers that can assist in discriminating critically ill patients with sterile inflammation from those with sepsis. Such biomarkers may aid the clinician in therapeutic decision making upon admission of a patient. Interleukin-27 may be such a discriminative biomarker, as suggested in the previous issue of Critical Care by a study of critically ill children.
Source: BioMed Central - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Brendon P SciclunaTom van der Poll Source Type: research

Irreconcilable differences: divorcing geographic mutation and recombination rates within a global MRSA clone
A study of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus reveals its recombination trends, and highlights the challenges of phylogeographic analysis of these pathogens
Source: BioMed Central - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Todd J TreangenAdam M Phillippy Source Type: research

[Anesthesia in the elderly.]
Abstract A growing number of old or very old patients benefits from a surgical procedure. Age is an independent risk factor of postoperative mortality and postoperative complications including cognitive dysfunction. The choice of anesthetic technique does not significantly modify this risk. Preventive strategies and preoperative procedures can be implemented. A multidisciplinary management involving all care providers around the patient is essential to reduce the risk of dependence after surgery which is higher in this population. Early postoperative rehabilitation is recommended in the elderly to improve the progn...
Source: Presse Medicale - December 26, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Mézière A, Paillaud E, Plaud B Tags: Presse Med Source Type: research

Medical errors in primary care clinics -- a cross sectional study
Conclusions: The occurrence of medical errors was high in primary care clinics particularly with documentation and medication errors. Nearly all were preventable. Remedial intervention addressing completeness of documentation and prescriptions are likely to yield reduction of errors.
Source: BioMed Central - December 26, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Ee Ming KhooWai Khew LeeSondi SararaksAzah Abdul SamadSu May LiewAi Theng CheongMohd Yusof IbrahimSebrina HC SuAinul Nadziha Mohd HanafiahKalsom MaskonRohana IsmailMaimunah A Hamid Source Type: research

Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection presenting with complete splenic infarction and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report
Conclusion: There is a common misconception amongst practitioners that the presence of systemic infection excludes the possibility of TTP and vice versa. This case emphasizes that TTP may occur secondary to a systemic infection, thereby allowing the two processes to coexist. It is important to maintain a wide differential when considering the diagnosis of either TTP or C. canimorsus infection since delays in treatment may have fatal consequences.
Source: BioMed Central - December 26, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Michal BrichacekPeter BlakeRaymond Kao Source Type: research

Commentary on: A review on delayed toxic effects of sulfur mustard in Iranian veterans
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Source: BioMed Central - December 26, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Amir Shadboorestan Source Type: research

Evolution of cichlid vision via trans-regulatory divergence
Conclusions: Combined with previous work, we demonstrate that the evolution of cichlid color vision results from the interplay of structural, cis-, and especially trans-regulatory loci. Although there are numerous examples of structural and cis-regulatory mutations that contribute to phenotypic evolution, our results suggest that trans-regulatory mutations could contribute to phenotypic divergence more commonly than previously expected, especially in systems like color vision, where compensatory changes in the expression of multiple genes are required in order to produce functional phenotypes.
Source: BioMed Central - December 26, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kelly E O¿QuinJane E SchulteZil PatelNadia KahnZan NaseerHelena WangMatthew A ConteKaren L Carleton Source Type: research

Polyphasic characterization and genetic relatedness of low-virulence and virulent Listeria monocytogenes isolates
Conclusions: Loss of virulence in lineage II strains was related to point mutation in a few virulence genes (prfA, inlA, inlB, plcA). These strains thus form a tightly clustered, monophyletic group with limited diversity. In contrast, low-virulence strains of lineage I were more dispersed among the virulence strains and the origin of their loss of virulence has not been identified yet, even if some strains exhibited different mutations in prfA or inlA.
Source: BioMed Central - December 26, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sylvie M RocheOlivier GrépinetAnnaëlle KerouantonMarie RagonAlexandre LeclercqStéphanie TémoinBrigitte SchaefferGilbert SkorskiLaurent MereghettiAlban Le MonnierPhilippe Velge Source Type: research

Assessing the impact of TB/HIV services integration on TB treatment outcomes and their relevance in TB/HIV monitoring in Ghana
The article describes the impact of the integration of TB and HIV services on TB treatment outcomes, and how these outcomes can be utilised as relevant indicators for monitoring the effectiveness of the integration. Image: A graph comparing number of TB patients dying, after integration of TB and HIV services, who are HIV-positive or negative.
Source: BioMed Central - December 24, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Gloria Akosua AnsaJohn D WalleyKamran SiddiqiXiaolin Wei Source Type: research

Assessment of psychiatric changes in C9ORF72 frontotemporal dementia
Recent neuroimaging evidence highlights cerebellar atrophy as one feature of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with C9ORF72 mutation. Interestingly, C9ORF72 patients do not present with classic cerebellar symptoms, such as ataxia but have instead a higher incidence of psychiatric changes compared to sporadic FTD. To date there exists no objective tool to assess such psychiatric changes due to cerebellar dysfunction. In the current edition of Alzheimer's Research & Treatment, Downey and colleagues present a novel task and apparatus which targets such psychiatric disturbances. In the task participants are required to make self-o...
Source: BioMed Central - December 24, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Michael Hornberger Source Type: research

Blockade of phospholipid scramblase 1 with its N-terminal domain antibody reduces tumorigenesis of colorectal carcinomas in vitro and in vivo
Conclusions: Therefore, PLSCR1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
Source: BioMed Central - December 24, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Chung-Wei FanChun-Yu ChenKuei-Tien ChenChia-Rui ShenYung-Bin KuoYa-Shan ChenYeh-Pin ChouWei-Shan WeiErr-Cheng Chan Source Type: research

Hypertension and the development of New onset chronic kidney disease over a 10 year period: a retrospective cohort study in a primary care setting in Malaysia
This study aims to examine risk factors associated with new onset CKD among hypertensive patients attending a primary care clinic. Methods: This is a 10-year retrospective cohort study of 460 patients with hypertension who were on treatment. Patient information was collected from patient records. CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate
Source: BioMed Central - December 24, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Chia Yook ChinChing Siew Mooi Source Type: research

Unlocking the potential of publicly available microarray data using inSilicoDb and inSilicoMerging R/Bioconductor packages
Conclusions: By providing (i) access to uniformly curated and preprocessed data, (ii) a collection of techniques toremove the batch effects between data sets from different sources, and (iii) several validation toolsenabling the inspection of the integration process, these packages enable researchers to fully explorethe potential of combining gene expression data for downstream analysis. The power of using bothpackages is demonstrated by programmatically retrieving and integrating gene expression studiesfrom the InSilico DB repository [https://insilicodb.org/app/].
Source: BioMed Central - December 24, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jonatan TaminauStijn MeganckCosmin LazarDavid SteenhoffAlain ColettaColin MolterRobin DuqueVirginie de SchaetzenDavid WeissHugues BersiniAnn Nowé Source Type: research

Cost-effectiveness of a health-social partnership transitional program for post-discharge medical patients
Conclusions: Previous studies on transitional care focused mainly on clinical outcomes and not too many included cost as an outcome measure. Studies examining the cost-effectiveness of the post-discharge support services are scanty. This study is the first to examine the cost-effectiveness of a transitional care program that used nurse-led services participated by volunteers. Results have shown that a health-social partnership transitional care program is cost-effective in reducing healthcare costs and attaining QALY gains. Economic evaluation helps to inform funders and guide decisions for the effective use of competing healthcare resources.
Source: BMC Health Services Research - December 24, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Frances WongJune ChauChing SoStanley TamSarah McGhee Source Type: research

[MicroRNAs and their role in hematological malignant diseases].
Abstract MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at posttranscriptional level. Their target genes include numerous regulators of cell cycle, cell proliferation as well as apoptosis. Therefore, they are implicated in the initiation and progression of cancer, tissue invasion and metastasis formation as well. MicroRNA profiles supply much information about both the origin and the differentiation state of tumours. MicroRNAs also have a key role during haemopoiesis. An altered expression level of those have often been observed in different types of leukemia. There are successful attempt...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Gaál Z, Oláh E Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[Parkinson's puzzle].
Abstract Parkinson's disease is one of the most frequent progressive degenerative disorders with unknown origin of the nervous system. The commutation of the disease on Guam led to the discovery of a neurotoxin which was also found in other continents. This neurotoxin was identified in the common cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Early clinical observations suggested some loose correlations with gastric and duodenal ulcer and Parkinson's disease, while recent studies revealed a toxin, almost identical to that found in cyanobacteria in one strain of Helicobacter pylori, which proved to cause Parkinson like symptoms ...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Guseo A Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[Connections between apolipoprotein E genotypes and the development of cardiovascular diseases].
Abstract Elevated plasma lipid level is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, which are considered to be pimary causes of death. Apolipoprotein E plays a part in the lipid transport in the blood, thus polimophisms of that affect the lipid composition of the plasma. The three most common alleles of apolipoprotein E are e2, e3, e4. Out of the two non-wild type alleles, the e2 and e4, the latter was shown to play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Some studies mention the e2/e2 homozygote genotype as one of the causes of hyperlipoproteinemia type III. Besi...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Végh C, Langmár Z, Szerző M, Agota A, Marosi K, Szabolcs Z, Nagy ZB Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[Successful treatment of life-threatening, treatment resistant Clostridium difficile infection associated pseudomembranous colitis with faecal transplantation].
Abstract Due to world-wide spread of hypervirulent and antibiotic resistant Clostridium difficile strains, the incidence of these infections are dramatically increasing in Hungary with appalling mortality and recurrence rates. Authors present a case of a 59-year-old patient who developed a severe, relapsing pseudomembranous colitis after antibiotic treatment. Life-threatening symptoms of fulminant colitis were successfully treated with prolonged administration of metronidazole and vancomycin, careful supportive therapy and weeks of intensive care. However, a well-documented, severe relapse developed within a week a...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Nagy GG, Várvölgyi C, Paragh G Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[Miscellaneous].
Authors: PMID: 23261997 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

An endothelial apelin-FGF link mediated by miR-424 and miR-503 is disrupted in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Nature Medicine 19, 74 (2013). doi:10.1038/nm.3040 Authors: Jongmin Kim, Yujung Kang, Yoko Kojima, Janet K Lighthouse, Xiaoyue Hu, Micheala A Aldred, Danielle L McLean, Hyekyung Park, Suzy A Comhair, Daniel M Greif, Serpil C Erzurum & Hyung J Chun
Source: Nature Medicine - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jongmin KimYujung KangYoko KojimaJanet K LighthouseXiaoyue HuMicheala A AldredDanielle L McLeanHyekyung ParkSuzy A ComhairDaniel M GreifSerpil C ErzurumHyung J Chun Tags: Article Source Type: research

Management of unusual genital lymphedema complication after Fournier's gangrene: a case report
Conclusion: Fournier's gangrene can be complicated by a chronic lymphedema of the penis. Conservative treatment is likely to fail in severe cases and can be treated surgically by "penile lift".
Source: BioMed Central - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Oanna Meyer GanzRaphaël GumenerPascal GervazJulien SchwartzBrigitte Pittet-Cuénod Source Type: research

Next generation sequencing analysis reveals a relationship between rDNA unit diversity and locus number in Nicotiana diploids
We examined homogeneity of genic (18S) and non-coding internally transcribed spacer (ITS1) regions of rDNA using Roche 454 and/or Illumina platforms in four angiosperm species, Nicotiana sylvestris, N. tomentosiformis, N. otophora and N. kawakamii. We compared the data with Southern blot hybridisation revealing the structure of intergenic spacer (IGS) sequences and with the number and distribution of rDNA loci.Results and conclusionsIn all four species the intragenomic homogeneity of the 18S gene was high; a single ribotype makes up over 90% of the genes. However greater variation was observed in the ITS1 region, particula...
Source: BioMed Central - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Roman Matyá¿ekSimon Renny-ByfieldJaroslav Fulne¿ekJi¿í MacasMarie-Angele GrandbastienRichard NicholsAndrew LeitchAle¿ Kova¿ík Source Type: research

Modeling perchloroethylene degradation under ultrasonic irradiation and photochemical oxidation in aqueous solution
Sonolysis and photochemical degradation of different compounds such as chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons are among the recent advanced oxidation processes. Perchloroethylene is one of these compounds that has been mainly used as a solvent and degreaser. In this work, elimination of perchloroethylene in aqueous solution by ultrasonic irradiation, andphotochemical oxidation by ultra violet ray and hydrogen peroxide were investigated. Three different initial concentrations of perchloroethylene at different pH values, detention periods , and concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were investigated. Head space gas chromatography ...
Source: BioMed Central - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Mahdi KargarRamin NabizadehKazem NadafiSimin NasseriAlireza MesdaghiniaAmir Hossein MahviMahmood AlimohammadiShahrokh NazmaraBagher Pahlevanzadeh Source Type: research

Assessing research impact in academic clinical medicine: a study using Research Excellence Framework pilot impact indicators
Conclusions: While the 2010 pilot exercise has confirmed that the majority of the proposed indicators have some validity, there are significant challenges in operationalising and measuring these indicators reliably, as well as in comparing evidence of research impact across different cases in a standardised manner. It is suggested that the public funding agencies, medical research charities, universities, and the wider medical research community work together to develop more robust methodologies for capturing and describing impact, including more valid and reliable impact indicators.
Source: BMC Health Services Research - December 23, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Pavel OvseikoAlis OanceaAlastair Buchan Source Type: research

GLP-1 secretion by microglial cells and decreased CNS expression in obesity
Conclusion: The findings that microglial mRNA expression of proglucagon and GLP-1 protein expression are affected by high levels of free fatty acids and that both mRNA expression levels of proglucagon and secretion levels of GLP-1 are affected by inflammatory stimuli could be of pathogenic importance for the premature neurodegeneration and cognitive decline commonly seen in T2D patients, and they may also be harnessed to advantage in therapeutic efforts to prevent or treat such disorders.
Source: BioMed Central - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Camilla KappeLinda M TracyCesare PatroneKerstin IverfeldtÅke Sjöholm Source Type: research

L-glutamate released from activated microglia downregulates astrocytic L-glutamate transporter expression in neuroinflammation: the 'collusion' hypothesis for increased extracellular L-glutamate concentration in neuroinflammation
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that activated microglia trigger the elevation of extracellular L-Glu through their own release of L-Glu, and astrocyte L-Glu transporters are downregulated as a result of the elevation of astrocytic intracellular L-Glu levels, causing a further increase of extracellular L-Glu. Our data suggest the new hypothesis that activated microglia collude with astrocytes to cause the elevation of extracellular L-Glu in the early stages of neuroinflammation.
Source: BioMed Central - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Junpei TakakiKoki FujimoriMarie MiuraTakeshi SuzukiYuko SekinoKaoru Sato Source Type: research

Related articles
Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics, Volume 7, Issue 1, Page i, January 2013.
Source: Expert Opinion: Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Tags: article Source Type: research

[Introduction].
PMID: 23248054 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Czuriga I Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[Acute coronary syndrome - 2012].
Abstract The acute coronary syndrome is the most severe form of coronary artery disease. It is an immediate threat of life and the mortality rate can be high without proper therapy and patient management. Based on the first ECG, two different forms can be distinguished: acute coronary syndrome with and without ST elevation. Besides adequate medication, management of these patients is an essential part of treatment. In case of ST elevation, coronarography and percutaneous coronary intervention is needed in general, within 24 hours from the onset of symptoms. When ST elevation is not detected on the ECG, individual i...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Becker D, Merkely B Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[What is new in antithrombotic therapy in cardiology].
Abstract Substantial development has been made in the field of antithrombotic therapy of heart diseases during the last two years. The "gold constant" combination of heparin, coumadin, aspirin and clopidogrel has been started to be questioned. All of the traditional drugs have or will have new classmates in the near future. New drugs have become available with new targets, new way of action with theoretical as well as practical advantages. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 2016-2020. PMID: 23248056 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kiss RG Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[Chronic heart failure with impaired left ventricular function (systolic heart failure)].
Abstract Chronic heart failure is a common public health problem. The disease has a poor prognosis with high mortality rate and the incidence increases continuously. Prognosis of chronic systolic heart failure can be improved by several different medications as well as by special cardiac interventions based on the newly-published European and American guidelines. In case of severe systolic dysfunction, hospitalization and mortality can be reduced using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blocking drugs, beta-receptor blocking agents and aldosterone antagonists, as evidenced in multicentri...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hőgye M, Forster T Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research

[Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (diastolic heart failure)].
Abstract Diastolic heart failure, which is also called as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, is a clinical syndrome in which patients have signs and symptoms of heart failure, normal or near normal left ventricular ejection fraction (≥50%) and evidence of diastolic dysfunction. Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated that more than half of all heart failure patients have diastolic heart failure. The syndrome is more common in women than in men and the prevalence increases with age. Patients with diastolic heart failure form a fairly heterogeneous group with complex pathophysiologic mechanism...
Source: Orvosi Hetilap - December 22, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Czuriga I, Borbély A, Czuriga D, Papp Z, Edes I Tags: Orv Hetil Source Type: research