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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 14.

Patient safety and ethics: a conflict of goods.
Abstract Nurses often face ethical dilemmas when providing care to patients with cancer. Although "doing the right thing" may seem obvious in the decision-making process, nurses are frequently challenged with a conflict of doing good regarding patient safety and patient advocacy versus maintaining collegial relationships. PMID: 23178349 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing - November 29, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Hill J Tags: Clin J Oncol Nurs Source Type: research

Nurses' responses to ethical challenges in oncology practice: an ethnographic study.
Abstract Oncology nurses encounter increasingly complex ethical challenges in clinical practice. This ethnographic study explored 30 oncology nurses' descriptions of ethical situations and 12 key informants' perspectives on factors that influence the development of ethically difficult situations. Nurses described the goals of preventing patient suffering and injury, being honest with patients, and contributing meaningfully to patient improvement and stated goals. Nurses experienced six primary challenges in meeting their goals: being the eyes and arms of patient suffering, experiencing the precariousness of competi...
Source: Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing - November 29, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Pavlish C, Brown-Saltzman K, Jakel P, Rounkle AM Tags: Clin J Oncol Nurs Source Type: research

Prenatal diagnosis and screening
The FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health considers the ethical aspects of issues that impact the discipline of obstetrics, gynecology, and women's health. The following document represents the result of that carefully researched and considered discussion. The document is intended to provide material for consideration and debate about these ethical aspects of our discipline for member organizations and their constituent membership.
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics - November 29, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health Tags: FIGO committee reports Source Type: research

Ethical guidelines on cord blood banking
The FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health considers the ethical aspects of issues that impact the discipline of obstetrics, gynecology, and women's health. The following document represents the result of that carefully researched and considered discussion. The document is intended to provide material for consideration and debate about these ethical aspects of our discipline for member organizations and their constituent membership.
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics - November 29, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health Tags: FIGO committee reports Source Type: research

Task-shifting in obstetric care
The FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health considers the ethical aspects of issues that impact the discipline of obstetrics, gynecology, and women's health. The following document represents the result of that carefully researched and considered discussion. The document is intended to provide material for consideration and debate about these ethical aspects of our discipline for member organizations and their constituent membership.
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics - November 29, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health Tags: FIGO committee reports Source Type: research

Planned home birth
The FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health considers the ethical aspects of issues that impact the discipline of obstetrics, gynecology, and women's health. The following document represents the result of that carefully researched and considered discussion. The document is intended to provide material for consideration and debate about these ethical aspects of our discipline for member organizations and their constituent membership.
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics - November 29, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health Tags: FIGO committee reports Source Type: research

Experimental and clinical factors influencing long-term stable in vitro expansion of multipotent neural cells from human adult temporal lobes.
Abstract Autologous adult human neural stem cells may be used for regenerative cell therapies bypass potential ethical problems. However, stable in vitro expansion protocols and experimental/clinical factors influencing primary cultures need to be further elucidated for clinically applicable techniques. To address these issues, we obtained biopsy specimens from 23 temporal lobe epilepsy patients and adult human multipotent neural cells (ahMNCs) were primarily cultured in a defined attachment culture condition. When the success of primary cultures was defined as stable expansion of cells (>ten in vitro passages) ...
Source: Experimental Neurology - November 29, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Joo KM, Kang BG, Yeon JY, Cho YJ, An JY, Song HS, Won JH, Kim SJ, Hong SC, Nam DH Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Geriatrics and the Triple Aim: Defining Preventable Hospitalizations in the Long‐Term Care Population
Reducing preventable hospitalizations is fundamental to the “triple aim” of improving care, improving health, and reducing costs. New federal government initiatives that create strong pressure to reduce such hospitalizations are being or will soon be implemented. These initiatives use quality measures to define which hospitalizations are preventable. Reducing hospitalizations could greatly benefit frail and chronically ill adults and older people who receive long‐term care (LTC) because they often experience negative effects of hospitalization, including hospital‐acquired conditions, morbidity, and loss of function...
Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society - November 29, 2012 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Joseph G. Ouslander, Katie Maslow Tags: Ethics, Public Policy and Economics Source Type: research

Patient selection for intra‐arterial cerebral revascularization in acute ischemic stroke
In acute ischemic stroke, rapid revascularization of the cerebral ‘penumbra volume’ is the key to better patient outcome. The largest and most proximal cerebral thrombotic artery occlusions can in most cases only be opened by intra‐arterial intervention. The use of intra‐arterial revascularization is rapidly expanding throughout Europe and North America, despite the risk for serious complications and the fact that the benefit of this treatment has not yet been proven in large, randomized clinical trials. Oslo University Hospital has performed approximately 60 intra‐arterial procedures annually in acute ischemic s...
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica - November 29, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: C. G. Lund, A. H. Aamodt, D. Russell Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The bioethical experiences of student dietitians on their final clinical placement
ConclusionsStudent dietitians are exposed to a wide range of complex ethical clinical situations, with those related to enteral feeding being the most common. Students felt unsure of what to do and lacked confidence, which resulted in unease and concern; however, students appeared to have some ethical sensitivity. Communication problems with the multidisciplinary team or families were a common theme. Clinical educators need to support students in these situations and act as role models.
Source: Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics - November 29, 2012 Category: Nutrition Authors: B. Tighe, J. Mainwaring Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Cost, Coverage, and Comparative Effectiveness Research: The Critical Issues for Oncology [REVIEW ARTICLES]
This article presents an analysis of the policy development behind CER and focuses on its potential impact on insurance coverage and payment for oncology services. By itself, CER will not solve the tension that exists between the goal of innovative, personalized care and the eroding affordability of cancer treatment in the United States. But CER does offer an important opportunity for progress. Oncologists have taken important first steps in acknowledging their responsibility for addressing cost issues; as a professional society, they should now move forward to assume leadership in the effort to integrate clinical evidence...
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 29, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pearson Tags: Policy Analysis, Ethics REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Comparative Effectiveness Research: The Experience of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence [REVIEW ARTICLES]
Conclusion Although there are distinct differences between the health systems of the United Kingdom and United States, lessons can be learned from examining the successes and challenges experienced by NICE.
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 29, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sorenson, Drummond, Chalkidou Tags: Policy Analysis, Ethics REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Publication of Tumor Marker Research Results: The Necessity for Complete and Transparent Reporting [REVIEW ARTICLES]
Clinical management decisions for patients with cancer are increasingly being guided by prognostic and predictive markers. Use of these markers should be based on a sufficiently comprehensive body of unbiased evidence to establish that benefits to patients outweigh harms and to justify expenditure of health care dollars. Careful assessments of the clinical utility of markers by using comparative effectiveness research methods are urgently needed to more rigorously summarize and evaluate the evidence, but multiple factors have made such assessments difficult. The literature on tumor markers is plagued by nonpublication bias...
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 29, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: McShane, Hayes Tags: Quality of Care, Ethics REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

A national survey of provider opinions on controversial characteristics of liver transplant candidates
In conclusion, providers differ significantly in their opinions on controversial patient characteristics and transplant contraindications. Along with a paucity of literature data on outcomes, these provider differences may play a role in the reason many centers do not have formal policies for selecting patients with these characteristics. Evidence‐based data on outcomes of such patients are needed to guide formation of written policies to better standardize eligibility criteria. © 2012 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Source: Liver Transplantation - November 29, 2012 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Katharine Secunda, Elisa J. Gordon, Min W. Sohn, Laura A. Shinkunas, Lauris C. Kaldjian, Michael D. Voigt, Josh Levitsky Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

In the Wake of Violence: Enacting and Witnessing Hope Among People
In the territory of violence and despair, hope is rare. Recent work on hope has shifted attention from hope as a feeling to hope as a practice that people can do together. This case report of a family exposed to domestic violence highlights the role played by a South African police officer in the mother's actions to separate from the context of violence. As a witness to the violence, the police officer acted from an ethic of justice and an ethic of compassion. Outsider witnessing of a counseling session resulted in the recruiting of a community of acknowledgement for the mother, the police officer, and an Assistant Commiss...
Source: Family Process - November 29, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Elmarie Kotzé, Thérèse Hulme, Tertius Geldenhuys, Kaethe Weingarten Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Performance and palliative care: a drama module for medical students
This paper describes an innovative 2 weeks module for medical students facilitated by drama educators and a palliative medicine doctor. The module incorporates drama, end-of-life care, teamwork and reflective practice. The module contents, practical aspects of drama teaching and learning outcomes are discussed. Various themes emerged from a study of Harold Pinter's play, The Caretaker, which were relevant to clinical practice: silence, power, communication, uncertainty and unanswered questions. Drama teaching may be one way of enhancing students’ confidence, increasing self- awareness, developing ethical thinkin...
Source: Medical Humanities - November 29, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Jeffrey, E. J., Goddard, J., Jeffrey, D. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research

The Patient Deficit Model Overturned: a qualitative study of patients' perceptions of invitation to participate in a randomized controlled trial comparing selective bladder preservation against surgery in muscle invasive bladder cancer (SPARE, CRUK/07/011)
Conclusions: These data highlight the difficulty of providing balanced and clear trial information within the UK health system, despite best intentions. Involvement of multiple professionals can impact on communication processes with patients who are considering participation in RCTs. Our results led us to question the 'deficit' model of patient behavior. It is suggested that health professionals might consider facilitating a context in which patients feel fully included in the trial enterprise and potentially consider alternatives to randomization where complex interventions are being tested.Trial RegistrationISRCTN61126465
Source: Trials - November 28, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Clare MoynihanRebecca LewisEmma HallEmma JonesAlison BirtleRobert Huddart Source Type: research

Assessment of use of complementary alternative medicine and its impact on quality of life in the patients attending rheumatology clinic, in a tertiary care centre in India
Conclusion:Patients with RA frequently used CAM and QOL improvised with CAM use. We observed that self-administration of CAM was common and this was not informed to the treating physician.
Source: Indian Journal of Medical Sciences - November 28, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: MP JadhavPM JadhavP ShelkeY SharmaM Nadkar Source Type: research

Functional exercise after total hip replacement (FEATHER) a randomised control trial
DiscussionThis randomised controlled trial will add to the body of evidence on the relationship between muscle size, functional ability, balance, quality of life and time post surgery in patients following total hip arthroplasty. The CONSORT guidelines will be followed to throughout. Ethical approval has been gained from the Ethics committee Health Services Executive Dublin North East.Trial registrationThis trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (a service of the United States National Institutes of Health) identifier NCT01683201.
Source: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders - November 28, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Brenda MonaghanTim GrantWayne HingTara Cusack Source Type: research

Non-invasive prenatal testing for single gene disorders: exploring the ethics
& Celine Lewis
Source: European Journal of Human Genetics - November 28, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Zuzana DeansMelissa HillLyn S ChittyCeline Lewis Tags: non-invasive prenatal diagnosis cell-free fetal DNA single gene disorders ethics Source Type: research

Spanish regulatory approach for Biobanking
zo & Carlos Alonso
Source: European Journal of Human Genetics - November 28, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Javier Arias-DiazMaría C Martín-ArribasJavier García del PozoCarlos Alonso Tags: Biobanking Biological Specimen Banks Ethics Legislation Source Type: research

The legal and ethical framework for psychiatry
Abstract: The compulsory detention and treatment of patients is a key ethical issue facing psychiatry. It involves clinicians overriding the apparent autonomy of their patients, with ensuing ethical implications. The legal basis for detention and treatment is equally complex, with two acts – the Mental Health Act and the Mental Capacity Act – both applying to patients with mental illness.
Source: Medicine - November 27, 2012 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Gareth S. Owen, Benjamin W.J. Spencer, Richard A.A. Kanaan Tags: Treatment strategies and psychopharmacology Source Type: research

Preface
The classic novel by Leo Tolstoy from the 19th century, Family Happiness, is a somewhat ironic portrayal of love, marriage, and family. The main character comments, “children perhaps—what can more the heart of man desire?” This sentiment appears timeless and seems to apply to both genders. This quote from Tolstoy remains true today and was recently used verbatim in an award-winning film, Into the Wild, about self-realization and reflecting on a full life that includes family. Although the desire to produce offspring may not be universal, parenting is highly regarded in most traditions. However, many couples have diff...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - November 27, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: G. Wright Bates Source Type: research

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Clinical Aspects and Ethical Considerations [ETHICS IN CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY]
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - November 27, 2012 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Stone, M. L., Kern, J. A., Sade, R. M. Tags: Professional affairs ETHICS IN CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY Source Type: research

A Single‐Blood‐Sample Method Using Inulin for Estimating Feline Glomerular Filtration Rate
Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe single‐blood‐sample method using inulin provides a practicable and ethical alternative for estimating glomerular filtration rate in cats.
Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine - November 27, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. Katayama, J. Saito, R. Katayama, N. Yamagishi, I. Murayama, A. Miyano, K. Furuhama Tags: Standard Article Source Type: research

Assessment of perfusion in normal carpal bones with dynamic gadolinium‐enhanced MRI at 3 tesla
Conclusion:Assessment of perfusion in normal carpal bone using contrast‐enhanced MRI is possible. Optimization of the method and understanding of the normal perfusion may allow evaluation of pathological conditions such as osteonecrosis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging - November 27, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Gunilla M. Müller, Sven Månsson, Markus F. Müller, Olle Ekberg, Anders Björkman Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Validation of the core elements of perioperative nursing
Conclusion. The initially defined core elements of perioperative nursing were verified in this study, with the core elements describing patient’s safety as crucial in perioperative nursing. Those concerning patients’ needs of information, communication with significant others, patients’ coping mechanisms and mental well‐being or administrating basic care – for example hygiene – were not seen to be as fundamental as those describing physiological needs. Relevance to clinical practice. The results of this study can be used as an initial step when constructing an instrument for measuring the nursing care int...
Source: Journal of Clinical Nursing - November 27, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Satu Rauta, Sanna Salanterä, Jarmo Nivalainen, Kristiina Junttila Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Editorial.
Abstract An acute dental injury is a frightening experience for its victim. Blood, tears and fear characterize the event. For the dental clinician, often inexperienced in handling these injuries, the traumatized patient brings these features into the dental clinic. Chaos often reigns and the treatment problem seems overwhelming. Clinical treatment decisions can often be made in haste, with aggressive therapy or even worse, tooth loss to follow. Dentists do too much! In a hospital setting, at the emergency service, often the least experienced residents are given the task. These residents have the admirable position ...
Source: J Contemp Dent Pract - November 26, 2012 Category: Dentistry Authors: Andreasen FM Tags: J Contemp Dent Pract Source Type: research

The question of an impaired surgeon dilemma
You are the chief-of-surgery at a major urban medical center. Dr X is a 69-year-old vascular surgeon who has been a close friend for years. Dr X has had excellent clinical results throughout her career, but recent cases reviewed by the Deaths & Complications Conference suggest that her complication rate has risen. Also, during the last year, anecdotal reports from several sources have indicated her professional behavior occasionally is somewhat uneven. This Monday morning, a surgeon with a well-known long-standing dislike of Dr X came to your office, reporting indignantly that he detected the odor of alcohol when Dr X arri...
Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery - November 26, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: James W. Jones, Laurence B. McCullough Tags: Surgical ethics challenges Source Type: research

Learning by Doing: Effectively Incorporating Ethics Education into Residency Training
DISCUSSION An experiential case-based didactic program in medical ethics engaged adult learners and facilitated a comprehensive and clinically relevant educational initiative. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11606-012-2277-0Authors Stephanie M. Vertrees, Division of Medical Ethics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 435 E. 70th St. Suite 4-J, New York, NY 10021, USAAndrew G. Shuman, Division of Medical Ethics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 435 E. 70th St. Suite 4-J, New York, NY 10021, USAJoseph J. Fins, Division of Medical Ethics, Weill Cornell Medical Colleg...
Source: Journal of General Internal Medicine - November 26, 2012 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Journal of General Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Erratum to: Ethical Challenges Come Home
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumPages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s11606-012-2285-0Authors Matthew K. Wynia, Institute for Ethics, American Medical Association, Chicago, IL, USAJames E. Sabin, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, MA, USA Journal Journal of General Internal MedicineOnline ISSN 1525-1497Print ISSN 0884-8734
Source: Journal of General Internal Medicine - November 26, 2012 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Journal of General Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Examining Changes in Depressive Symptoms During Substance Abuse Treatment in the Context of Regression to the Mean
Conclusions: The confounding effects of regression to the mean are discussed, along with an examination of analytical, ethical, and methodological issues that make it difficult to control for regression to the mean artifacts. Alternative methodological and analytical approaches are explored and directions for future research are discussed.
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - November 26, 2012 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

When good deeds leave a bad taste: Negative inferences from ethical food claims.
Discussion focuses on possible mechanisms for these effects, as well as the moderating role of judgment type and perceivers' values in halo effects more broadly. PMID: 23195710 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Appetite - November 26, 2012 Category: Nutrition Authors: Schuldt JP, Hannahan M Tags: Appetite Source Type: research

Review: Public perspectives on the utilization of human placentas in scientific research and medicine
Abstract: Placental tissues are frequently utilized by scientists studying pregnancy and reproduction and in diverse fields including immunology, stem cell research, genetics, cancer research, and tissue engineering, as well as by clinicians in many therapies. Though the utilization of the human placenta in science and medicine has benefitted many people, little is known about public perspectives of this phenomenon. This review addresses placental donation, collection, and utilization in science and medicine, focusing on public perspectives. Cultural values and traditions, ethical paradigms and concerns, public understandi...
Source: Placenta - November 26, 2012 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: R.S. Yoshizawa Tags: Current topics Source Type: research

Treatment Decisions After Severe Stroke: Uncertainty and Biases [Comments and Opinions]
Source: Stroke - November 26, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Creutzfeldt, C. J., Holloway, R. G. Tags: Health policy and outcome research, Other Ethics and Policy, Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Emergency treatment of Stroke Comments and Opinions Source Type: research

Comparison of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Treatment in Germany Between 1999 and 2009: Results of a Survey [Original Contributions]
Conclusions— Despite new studies, there were no significant differences regarding the decision for or against a surgical procedure in 1999 and 2009. Although clearly unfavorable prognostic factors are known, many patients still undergo a surgical procedure. It appears that at least spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the area of the basal ganglia is a unique domain of conservative treatment.
Source: Stroke - November 26, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Roth, C., Kastner, S., Salehi, M., Kleffmann, J., Boker, D.-K., Deinsberger, W. Tags: Health policy and outcome research, Other Ethics and Policy, CT and MRI, Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Other Stroke Treatment - Surgical Original Contributions Source Type: research

Prenatal diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta type II by three‐dimensional computed tomography: The current state of fetal computed tomography
We report a case of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) (OMIM166210) type II, in which a prenatal diagnosis was made by three‐dimensional computed tomography (3D‐CT). Subsequent molecular analysis revealed a recurrent, heterozygous mutation in COL1A2. Fetal CT is a powerful tool for visualizing the fetal skeleton and can provide a definitive diagnosis of fetal skeletal dysplasias; however, whether or not its employment for prenatal diagnosis is warranted in terms of fetal radiation risks remains controversial, both medically and ethically. Based on our experience, we review the current state of fetal CT for the diagnosis of s...
Source: Congenital Anomalies - November 26, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Yoshika Akizawa, Gen Nishimura, Tomonobu Hasegawa, Masaki Takagi, Yayoi Kawamichi, Yoshio Matsuda, Hideo Matsui, Kayoko Saito Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research

Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP)
This study will assess the effect of 4 mg and 0.4 mg doses of folic acid, taken on a daily basis during preconception and up to 3 months of pregnancy by women who are at risk of having a child with nonsyndromic cleft lip with/without palate (NSCL/P), on the recurrence of NSCL/P. The total sample will include about 6,000 women (that either have NSCL/P or that have at least one child with NSCL/P) randomly assigned to the 4 mg and the 0.4 mg folic acid study groups. The study will also compare the recurrence rates of NSCL/P in the total sample of subjects, as well as the two study groups (4mg, 0.4 mg) to that of a historical ...
Source: BMC Pediatrics - Latest articles - November 26, 2012 Category: Pediatrics Authors: George WehbyNorman GocoDanilo Moretti-FerreiraTemis FelixAntonio Richieri-CostaCarla PadovaniFernanda QueirosCamilla GuimaraesRui PereiraSteve LitaveczTyler HartwellHrishikesh ChakrabortyLorette JavoisJeffrey Murray Source Type: research

Setting priorities in primary health care - on whose conditions? A questionnaire study
Conclusions: The challenge for primary care providers is to balance the patients' demands with medical needs and cost-effectiveness. Transparent priority setting in primary care might contribute to a greater consensus between GPs and nurses on how to use the key priority setting criteria.
Source: BMC Family Practice - November 26, 2012 Category: Primary Care Authors: Eva ArvidssonMalin AndréLars BorgquistDavid AnderssonPer Carlsson Source Type: research

Reevaluation of the Japanese guideline for healthcare-associated pneumonia in a medium-sized community hospital in Japan
Abstract The Japanese guidelines for nursing- and healthcare-associated pneumonia (NHCAP) categorize patients by risk of resistant bacteria and defined antimicrobials to be used, similar to the healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) guidelines of the United States. The data were collected in large-scale hospitals, possibly a cause of inconsistency with everyday practice in medium-sized community hospitals. To test the feasibility of this guideline based on a retrospective study performed in a medium-sized community hospital in Japan, the medical records of pneumonia patients were retrospectively studied [718...
Source: Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy - November 25, 2012 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy Source Type: research

The Rationality of Values
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory SymposiumPages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s11673-012-9406-7Authors Alphonso Lingis, Pennsylvania State University, 240 Sparks Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA Journal Journal of Bioethical InquiryOnline ISSN 1872-4353Print ISSN 1176-7529
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - November 25, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Tags: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Source Type: research

Pelvic floor disorders among women in Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia: a pilot study
Conclusions Self-reported incontinence seems low in northwest Ethiopia. The prevalence of symptomatic prolapse was low despite a high prevalence of prolapse signs. Notably, heavy carrying and prolonged labour increased the risk of anatomical prolapse stage II–IV. The methods of assessing pelvic floor disorders in a low-income context need further development. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00192-012-1981-yAuthors Berihun Megabiaw, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaMulatu Adefri...
Source: International Urogynecology Journal - November 25, 2012 Category: OBGYN Tags: International Urogynecology Journal Source Type: research

The SNPs in the human genetic blueprint era.
Abstract The analysis of human genetic variability can lead to the comprehension of medical issues and to the development of personalized therapeutic protocols. Single nucleotide polymorphisms, are the most common type of human genetic variation and have been associated to disease development and phenotype forecasting. The recent technologies for DNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis are now giving the opportunity to develop new diagnostic and prevention approaches also through health promotion protocols. The genetic data management is at the same time underlining technical limitations and old ethical issues. ...
Source: New Biotechnology - November 24, 2012 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Giampaoli S, Chillemi G, Valeriani F, Lazzaro D, Borro M, Gentile G, Simmaco M, Zanni G, Berti A, Romano Spica V Tags: N Biotechnol Source Type: research

Correction
The article, Graham JE, Karmarkar AM, Ottenbacher KJ. Small sample research designs for evidence-based rehabilitation: issues and methods. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012;93:S111-6, was mistakenly published online as an uncorrected proof in May 2012. The article was embargoed to publish as a special communication with all other content for the August 2012 Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation supplemental issue (August 2012; Vol 93, No. 8, Suppl 2). In an attempt to remove the article from online publication and remedy the publishing error, the publisher erroneously retracted the article. The authors in no way precip...
Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - November 23, 2012 Category: Rehabilitation Tags: Departments Source Type: research

Fetal mesenchymal stem cells in cancer therapy.
Abstract There is compelling evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be utilized as delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics. During the last decade, bone marrow MSCs have been used as delivery vehicles for the local production of therapeutic proteins in multiple tumor types, taking advantage of their innate tropism to the tumor site and their low immunogenicity. More recently, MSCs have been isolated from fetal tissues during gestation or after birth. Fetal MSCs derived from amniotic fluid, amniotic membrane, umbilical cord matrix (Whartons jelly) and umbilical cord blood are more advantageous than adult ...
Source: Current Stem Cell Research and Therapy - November 23, 2012 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Bitsika V, Vlahou A, Roubelakis MG Tags: Curr Stem Cell Res Ther Source Type: research

Placental stem cell correction of murine intermediate maple syrup urine disease
Conclusion: Placental‐derived stem cell transplantation lengthened survival and corrected many amino acid imbalances in a mouse model of iMSUD. This highlights the potential for their use as a viable alternative clinical therapy for MSUD and other liver‐based metabolic diseases. (HEPATOLOGY 2012.)
Source: Hepatology - November 23, 2012 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kristen J. Skvorak, Kenneth Dorko, Fabio Marongiu, Veysel Tahan, Marc C. Hansel, Roberto Gramignoli, K. Michael Gibson, Stephen C. Strom Tags: Steatohepatitis and Metabolic Liver Disease Source Type: research

Power, ethics, and obligation
Source: Statistics in Medicine - November 23, 2012 Category: Statistics Authors: Jonathan Adam Gelfond, Elizabeth Heitman, Brad H. Pollock, Craig H. Klugman Tags: Authors' Reply Source Type: research

Medicine, the media and political interests
The news media is frequently criticised for failing to support the goals of government health campaigns. But is this necessarily the purpose of the media? We suggest that while the media has an important role in disseminating health messages, it is a mistake to assume that the media should serve the interests of government as it has its own professional ethics, norms, values, structures and roles that extend well beyond the interests of the health sector, and certainly beyond those of the government. While considerable attention has been given to the ways in which uncritical publication of industry perspectives by news med...
Source: Journal of Medical Ethics - November 23, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Lipworth, W., Kerridge, I., Morrell, B., Bonfiglioli, C., Forsyth, R. Tags: Brief reports Source Type: research

Scarce vaccine supplies in an influenza pandemic should not be distributed randomly: reply to McLachlan
In a recent paper, Hugh McLachlan argues from a deontological perspective that the most ethical means of distributing scarce supplies of an effective vaccine in the context of an influenza pandemic would be via an equal lottery. I argue that, even if one accepts McLachlan's ethical theory, it does not follow that one should accept the vaccine lottery. McLachlan's argument relies upon two suppressed premises which, I maintain, one need not accept; and it misconstrues vaccination programmes as clinical interventions targeted solely at protecting the health of vaccinated individuals, rather than as public health interventions...
Source: Journal of Medical Ethics - November 23, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Wardrope, A. Tags: Brief reports Source Type: research

The morality of care: case study and review
This case concerns aspects of the treatment of a post-surgical patient in a major public hospital in New Zealand during the author's experiences as a fourth year medical student. This case is used to consider the interlinked ethical issues of sympathy, moral virtue, dignity and how the medical environment can realign these values.
Source: Journal of Medical Ethics - November 23, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Tatnell, R., Malpas, P. J. Tags: Research and publication ethics, Undergraduate Teaching and learning ethics Source Type: research