Medical Ethics Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 26.

Worrying Trends Confronted in Prescription Drug Abuse
The two young men who showed up retching and wild-eyed in an emergency room in Portland, Ore., last summer insisted they had swallowed nothing but an ordinary soft drink before one collapsed. Yet their odd coloring suggested otherwise. Fifteen minutes after they had downed the drink, their lips and skin turned a startling blue. Their blood was as dark as chocolate. [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - October 9, 2012 Category: Science Tags: Health,Health,Mind & Brain,Pharmaceuticals,Everyday Science,More Science,Addiction Recovery,Ethics,Biology,Society Policy Source Type: research

Death: ‘nothing’ gives insight
Abstract According to a widely accepted belief, we cannot know our own death—death means ‘nothing’ to us. At first sight, the meaning of ‘nothing’ just implies the negation or absence of ‘something’. Death then simply refers to the negation or absence of life. As a consequence, however, death has no meaning of itself. This leads to an ontological paradox in which death is both acknowledged and denied: death is … nothing. In this article, I investigate whether insight into the ontological paradox of the nothingness of death can contribute to a good end-of-life. By analysing Aquinas�...
Source: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy - October 9, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Tags: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy Source Type: research

Anti-inflammatory effect of low-intensity laser on the healing of third-degree burn wounds in rats
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee, in which 36 adult male rats were selected and suffered the induction of third-degree burn injury. These rats were divided as follows: group 1—control (treated with silver sulfadiazine), group 2—received energy density of 3 J/cm2, and group 3—received energy density of 6 J/cm2. All animals daily received an occlusive bandage with silver sulfadiazine and 8 % papain. The laser therapy was performed alternatively three times a week. The animals were evaluated on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days after the initial lesion and euthanized for the macroscopi...
Source: Lasers in Medical Science - October 9, 2012 Category: Laser Surgery Tags: Lasers in Medical Science Source Type: research

Chacarita Project: Conformation and analysis of a modern and documented human osteological collection from Buenos Aires City - Theoretical, methodological and ethical aspects.
Abstract Osteological reference collections play a key role in bioanthropological research; they allow the development and testing of methods for sexing and ageing individuals using various bone and dental attributes. This paper presents the first stage results of the ongoing Chacarita Research Project, which aims to generate and study a reference collection of adult skeletons representative of the contemporary population of Buenos Aires city. The Chacarita Collection consists of unclaimed human remains of individuals of known nationality, sex, age, cause and date of death from the Chacarita Public Cemetery. Unlike...
Source: Homo - October 9, 2012 Category: Physiology Authors: Bosio LA, García Guraieb S, Luna LH, Aranda C Tags: Homo Source Type: research

The ethics of elective ventilation.
PMID: 23048080 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: cmaj - October 9, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Monette M Tags: CMAJ Source Type: research

Full Disclosure From Doctors [Letters]
Source: Health Affairs - October 9, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Abrams, M. Tags: Access To Care, Ethical Issues, Physicians Letters Source Type: research

Physician-Assisted Death Is Illegal In Most States, So My Patient Made Another Choice [Narrative Matters]
A patient in his nineties and in decline chooses the only legal way in most of the United States to hasten his death: He stops eating and drinking. His doctor wonders whether that is just or compassionate.
Source: Health Affairs - October 9, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Muller, D. Tags: Access To Care, Ethical Issues, Legal/Regulatory Issues, Personal Experience ( Narrative Matters ), Physicians, Quality Of Care, Elderly Source Type: research

Enhancing Patient Autonomy Through Peer Review To Replace The FDA's Rigorous Approval Process [A Symposium On Communication]
There may once have been a time when doctors unquestioningly accepted the government’s declaration of a drug’s effectiveness and when patients unquestioningly accepted the prescriptions of their doctors. That time has passed. Now, information—good and bad—showers from all directions on patients and physicians alike. A filter is needed, and peer review provides the best one. But who or what is this validated information for? Ethically, its primary purpose is to enable patients to make decisions consistent with their values. Providing vetted information in a form that is useful to patients requires an...
Source: Health Affairs - October 9, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Caplan, A. Tags: Access To Care, Ethical Issues, Health Reform, Insurance Coverage, Legal/Regulatory Issues, Pharmaceuticals, Physicians, Quality Of Care, Health Spending, Evidence-Based Medicine A Symposium On Communication Source Type: research

Books received
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Books ReceivedPages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s11019-012-9441-5Authors Roberto Andorno, School of Law, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 74/65, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland Journal Medicine, Health Care and PhilosophyOnline ISSN 1572-8633Print ISSN 1386-7423
Source: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy - October 8, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Tags: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy Source Type: research

The 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
The Press Release from the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - October 8, 2012 Category: Science Tags: More Science,Health,History of Science,Pharmaceuticals,More Science,Ethics,Medical Technology,Biology Source Type: research

Guidelines for end-of-life and palliative care in Indian intensive care units' ISCCM consensus Ethical Position Statement
RK Mani, P Amin, R Chawla, JV Divatia, F Kapadia, P Khilnani, SN Myatra, S Prayag, R Rajagopalan, SK Todi, R UttamIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2012 16(3):166-181
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - October 8, 2012 Category: Intensive Care Authors: RK ManiP AminR ChawlaJV DivatiaF KapadiaP KhilnaniSN MyatraS PrayagR RajagopalanSK TodiR Uttam Source Type: research

A worldwide investigation of critical care research coordinators’ self‐reported role and professional development priorities: the winner survey
Conclusion. Research coordinators working in critical care settings collect data, require clinical research knowledge and problem‐solving skills and are interested in, but have less confidence in, dissemination of research findings. They feel isolated with a lack of support and inadequate remuneration for the effort and time required to maintain the high standards of their role. This is outweighed by the satisfaction derived from promoting the research process and autonomy. Further observational studies aimed at clarifying and advancing the role of the research coordinator is warranted. Relevance to clinical practice....
Source: Journal of Clinical Nursing - October 8, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Glenn M Eastwood, Brigit Roberts, Ged Williams, Claire M Rickard Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Lessons from before and after nanotech
Nature Nanotechnology 7, 611 (2012). doi:10.1038/nnano.2012.173 Author: Chris Toumey Ethical questions arising from biotechnology first, then nanotechnology, and synthetic biology now, present common features, but as Chris Toumey explains, the scientific and ethical issues arising in each case should be treated individually.
Source: Nature Nanotechnology - October 8, 2012 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Chris Toumey Tags: Thesis Source Type: research

Assistant practitioners: lessons learned from licensed practical nurses.
Abstract The role of the assistant practitioner (AP) needs to be defined so they have clear career pathways and opportunities for professional development. The author sought to learn from other countries where a sustained effort had been made to support practitioners fulfilling this intermediate role. The equivalent of an AP in Canada is the licensed practical nurse (LPN); LPNs are subject to clear regulation and practice within their remit of their license. The author travelled to Alberta, Canada, and performed a qualitative study to investigate the role of the LPN. LPNs undertake a 2-year diploma-level course and...
Source: British Journal of Nursing - October 7, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Whittingham K Tags: Br J Nurs Source Type: research

Whose choice is it anyway?
Abstract Abortion is always an emotive issue - how could it not be? For the Nursing and Midwifery profession, abortion presents a significant ethical issue in terms of practice for some; but for the most part, we cope with that without impacting on what is a vital service for women. PMID: 23123902 [PubMed - in process]
Source: British Journal of Nursing - October 7, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Hornett M Tags: Br J Nurs Source Type: research

U.S. States Make Opting Out of Vaccinations Harder
By Tara Haelle of Nature magazine [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - October 6, 2012 Category: Science Tags: Health,Infectious Diseases,Ethics,Health,Society & Policy Source Type: research

Minimally invasive oesophagectomy versus open surgery: is there an advantage?
Conclusion Recommendations for future research are discussed. We argue that it is difficult to conduct an RCT for this procedure due to ethical considerations and suggest ways that future nonrandomised studies could be improved. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00464-012-2546-3Authors Lesley Uttley, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA UKFiona Campbell, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA UKMichael ...
Source: Surgical Endoscopy - October 6, 2012 Category: Surgery Tags: Surgical Endoscopy Source Type: research

Introducing a nationwide registry: the Swiss study on aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (Swiss SOS)
Discussion This database will soon provide (1) a nationwide assessment of the current standard of care and (2) the outcomes for patients suffering from aSAH in Switzerland. Based on data from this registry, we can conduct cohort comparisons or design diagnostic or therapeutic studies on a national level. Moreover, a standardised registration system will allow healthcare providers to assess the quality of care. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00701-012-1500-4Authors Bawarjan Schatlo, Department of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerlan...
Source: Acta Neurochirurgica - October 5, 2012 Category: Neurology Tags: Acta Neurochirurgica Source Type: research

A Spiritual Problem? Primary Care Physicians’ and Psychiatrists’ Interpretations of Medically Unexplained Symptoms
CONCLUSIONS Physicians’ interpretations of MUS vary widely, depending in part on physicians’ religious characteristics and specialty. One in three physicians believes that patients with MUS have root problems that are spiritual in nature. Physicians who are more religious or spiritual are more likely to think of MUS as stemming from spiritual concerns. Psychiatrists are more optimistic that these patients will get better with treatment by physicians. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s11606-012-2224-0Authors Jiwon Helen Shin, Westminster Seminary Califor...
Source: Journal of General Internal Medicine - October 5, 2012 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Journal of General Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Juggling Personal Life and Professionalism: Ethical Implications for Rural School Psychologists
Rural communities often contain unique features that separate them from more urban communities. Although a body of research is devoted to ethical considerations for psychologists working in rural communities as a whole, much less current research is focused on working in rural schools. This paper specifically highlights ethical considerations regarding competence, multiple relationships, and confidentiality. Given that access to services within the community may be limited, school psychologists may encounter cases that are outside of their area of competence. Furthermore, due to the interconnectedness present in many rural...
Source: Psychology in the Schools - October 5, 2012 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Amanda Osborn Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Evaluation of a real-time virtual intervention to empower persons living with HIV to use therapy self-management: study protocol for an online randomized controlled trial
DiscussionCarrying out this online RCT poses various challenges in terms of recruitment, ethics, and data collection, including participant follow-up over an extended period. Collaboration between researchers from clinical disciplines (nursing, medicine), and experts in behavioral sciences information technology and media will be crucial to the development of innovative solutions to supplying and delivering health services.Trial registrationCE 11.184 / NCT 01510340
Source: Trials - October 5, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jose CoteGaston GodinYann-Gael GueheneucGenevieve RouleauPilar Ramirez-GarciaJoanne OtisCecile TremblayGhayas Fadel Source Type: research

Modernising the regulation of medical migration: moving from national monopolies to international markets
DiscussionIn this model, professional Boards would retain authority for disciplinary proceedings in response to local complaints, but would lose their present power of veto over foreign practitioners recruited by employers who have independently evaluated and approved such candidates' ability. Evaluations of this kind could be facilitated by globally accessible National Registers of professional work and conduct. A decentralised system of this kind could also dispense with time-consuming national oversight of continuing professional education and license revalidation, which tasks could be replaced over time by tighter inst...
Source: BMC Medical Ethics - October 5, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Richard EpsteinStephen Epstein Source Type: research

Short literature notices
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Short Literature NoticesPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11019-012-9442-4Authors Roberto Andorno, Zurich, Switzerland Journal Medicine, Health Care and PhilosophyOnline ISSN 1572-8633Print ISSN 1386-7423
Source: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy - October 4, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Tags: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy Source Type: research

Nuclear reprogramming and induced pluripotent stem cells: a review for surgeons
Abstract Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated from somatic cells by the exogenous expression of defined transcription factors. iPSCs share the defining features of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in that they are able to self‐renew indefinitely and maintain the potential to develop into all cell types of the body. These cells have key advantages over ESCs in that they are autologous to the donor cells and can be generated from individuals at any age. iPSCs also circumvent ethical and political issues surrounding the destruction of embryos that is necessary in the isolation of ESCs. This review briefly describ...
Source: ANZ Journal of Surgery - October 4, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Sara D. Qi, Paul D. Smith, Peter F. Choong Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Alternative investigations for irritable bowel syndrome
ConclusionAlternative investigations lack reliability and direct clinical applications, and should not be recommended for the investigation of gastrointestinal symptoms.
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology - October 4, 2012 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hamish Philpott, Sanjay Nandurkar, John Lubel, Peter R. Gibson Tags: Clinical Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Impaired skeletal muscle microcirculation in systemic sclerosis
IntroductionMuscle symptoms in systemic sclerosis (SSc) may originate from altered skeletal muscle microcirculation, which can be investigated by means of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: After ethics committee approval and written consent, 11 consecutive SSc patients (5 men, mean age 52.6 years, mean SSc disease duration 5.4 years) and 12 healthy volunteers (4 men, mean age 45.1 years) were included. Subjects with peripheral arterial occlusive disease were excluded. BOLD MRI was performed on calf muscles during cuff-induced ischemia and reactive hyperemia, using a 3-T who...
Source: Arthritis Research and Therapy - October 4, 2012 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Sasan PartoviAnja-Carina SchulteMarkus AschwandenDaniel StaubDaniela BenzStephan ImfeldBjorn JacobiPavel BrozKurt JaegerMartin TakesRolf HuegliDeniz BilecenUlrich Walker Source Type: research

The disappearance of the "revolving door" patient in Scottish general practice: successful policies
Conclusions: "Revolving door" patients in general practice had significant health problems. Their numbers have reduced dramatically since 2004 and this probably resulted from improved drug treatment services, pressure from professional bodies to reduce patient removals and the positive ethical regulatory and financial climate of the 2004 GMS GP contract. This is a positive development for the NHS.
Source: BMC Family Practice - October 4, 2012 Category: Primary Care Authors: Andrea WilliamsonPaul JohnsonKenneth MullenPhilip Wilson Source Type: research

Aorto-iliac occlusion masquerading as a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
A 52-year-old man with known hypertension had back pain, abdominal pain and right thigh pain for 3 days. Late on the third evening the pain became severe, prompting his attendance at our emergency department. The pain was severe and required opiate analgesia. Blood pressure was 180/81 mmHg and heart rate 59 beats/min. Physical examination revealed a soft abdomen with tenderness over a palpable pulsatile aorta. There was no expansile component. There were no palpable femoral or distal pulses. A CT angiogram (figures 1 and 2) showed full occlusion of the aorta from the left renal artery into the external iliac...
Source: Emergency Medicine Journal - October 4, 2012 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Regan, L., Wilkie, S., Thomson, J. Tags: Pain (neurology), Hypertension, Pain (palliative care), Pain (anaesthesia), Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Ethics Images in emergency medicine Source Type: research

Palliative care for patients who died in emergency departments: analysis of a multicentre cross-sectional survey
Conclusions Palliative care is administered to about half of the patients who die in EDs. This is insufficient as the majority of the patients who died in EDs actually died after a decision to withhold or withdraw life-support therapies. End-of-life management must be improved in EDs.
Source: Emergency Medicine Journal - October 4, 2012 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Van Tricht, M., Riochet, D., Batard, E., Martinage, A., Montassier, E., Potel, G., Le Conte, P. Tags: End of life decisions (geriatric medicine), Pain (neurology), End of life decisions (palliative care), Pain (palliative care), Pain (anaesthesia), Ethics Original article Source Type: research

Why did so many German doctors join the Nazi Party early?
This article lends insight into this paradox by exploring some major vulnerabilities, motives, and rationalizations that may have predisposed German physicians to Nazi membership-professional vulnerabilities among physicians in general (valuing conformity and obedience to authority, valuing the prevention of contamination and fighting against mortality, and possessing a basic interest in biomedical knowledge and research), economic factors and motives (related to physician economic insecurity and incentives for economic advancement), and Nazi ideological and historical rationalizations (beliefs about Social Darwinism, euge...
Source: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry - October 3, 2012 Category: Medical Law Authors: Haque OS, De Freitas J, Viani I, Niederschulte B, Bursztajn HJ Tags: Int J Law Psychiatry Source Type: research

Planning, writing, and editing forensic psychiatric reports.
This article addresses the planning, writing, and editing of forensic reports. Planning a report requires thorough data gathering, and thoughtful organization of the report into specific subheadings. Throughout the report there should be a clear separation of factual data from professional opinions. Ten pitfalls of report writing are identified. The most important part of the forensic report is the opinion section. The evidence for the opinion should begin with the strongest points and the reasons supporting the opinion should be completely explained. Finally, ethical issues are addressed. PMID: 23040708 [PubMed - as s...
Source: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry - October 3, 2012 Category: Medical Law Authors: Resnick PJ, Soliman S Tags: Int J Law Psychiatry Source Type: research

[Medication errors in anesthesia: A Moroccan university hospitals survey.]
CONCLUSION: Our study helped us to set recommendations, which are approved by the Moroccan pharmacovigilance center, and in accordance with the international committees to prevent the occurrence of medication errors in our daily anesthetic practice. PMID: 23040790 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation - October 3, 2012 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Amor M, Bensghir M, Belkhadir Z, Ghannam A, Azendour H, Drissi Kamili N, Maazouzi W Tags: Ann Fr Anesth Reanim Source Type: research

Perceived Breastfeeding Support Assessment Tool (PBSAT): Development and testing of psychometric properties with Pakistani urban working mothers.
CONCLUSION: the study developed a 29-item based two-dimensional tool (in Urdu) that has acceptable psychometric properties. The PBSAT is context specific, comprehensive, and user-friendly, so it can be administered by health-care workers, employers, policy makers, and researchers to improve the quality of services of breast-feeding urban working mothers, and could ultimately improve child health in Pakistan. PMID: 23039941 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Midwifery - October 3, 2012 Category: Midwifery Authors: Hirani SA, Karmaliani R, Christie T, Parpio Y, Rafique G Tags: Midwifery Source Type: research

64-slice coronary computed tomography angiography using low tube voltage of 80 kV in subjects with normal body mass indices: comparative study using 120 kV.
ConclusionThe low tube voltage CCTA protocol using 80 kV allows significant reduction of the radiation dose without impairing the subjective image quality in subjects with normal BMIs. PMID: 23034796 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Radiologica - October 3, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Jun BR, Yong HS, Kang EY, Woo OH, Choi EJ Tags: Acta Radiol Source Type: research

Occupational physicians' perceptions and impact of 2009 GMC consent guidelines
Conclusions We found significant variations in practice between occupational physicians and concerns of employee and employer losses as a result of changes to the GMC consent guidance. Clearer guidance on practical implementation was desired. The background ethical reasoning should be stated so that the parameters of the guidance are delineated and its reach should be clarified.
Source: Occupational Medicine - October 3, 2012 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Stern, A. F., Sperber, S. Tags: Short Report Source Type: research

Study: Economy, jobs top political factors for Florida small business owners
A new study by George Washington University and Thumbtack.com reveals that the economy and jobs are the most important factors for Florida small business owners when selecting a president. The Small Business Political Sentiment Survey asked questions about political issues and business costs that are important to small businesses. Ethics, honesty and corruption in government ranked as the second most important political factors for small businesses in Florida. Some of the key findings for Florida…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines - October 2, 2012 Category: Biotechnology Source Type: research

Emergency obstetric hysterectomy at University Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Emergency obstetric hysterectomy (EOH) is a high-risk operation with a case fatality rate of up to 29.8% . The present paper reports a cross-sectional analytic study that was conducted from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2008, at the University Centre Hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon, following approval from the National Ethical Committee. The aim of the study was to investigate the EOH procedure at University Hospital and its indications, risk factors, and complications.
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics - October 2, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: Pierre Marie Tebeu, Patrick Esame Ndive, William Takang Ako, Paul Theodore Tjek Biyaga, Joseph Nelson Fomulu, Anderson Sama Doh Tags: Brief communications Source Type: research

Misconduct Is the Main Cause of Retractions in Life-Sciences Journals
By Zoë Corbyn of Nature magazine [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - October 1, 2012 Category: Science Tags: More Science,History of Science,Society & Policy,Ethics,More Science,Biotechnology,Biotechnology,Biology Source Type: research

Haiti Plastics Ban Gets Mixed Reaction from Cost-Conscious Poor
By Susana FerreiraPORT-AU-PRINCE (Reuters) - Haiti imposed a ban on plastic and foam food containers as well as black polyethylene bags on Monday, amid concern that the country's poorest consumers would not be able to afford the substitutes.The ban is the first in a series of government measures aiming to help the environment of the poorest country in the hemisphere. [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - October 1, 2012 Category: Science Tags: Environment,Society & Policy,Energy Technology,Energy Sustainability,Green Living,Ethics,Health,Everyday Science Source Type: research

The role of narrative and metaphor in the cancer life story: a theoretical analysis
Abstract Being diagnosed with cancer can be one of those critical incidents that negatively affect the self. Identity is threatened when physical, psychological, and social consequences of chronic illness begin to erode one’s sense of self and challenge an individual’s ability to continue to present the self he or she prefers to present to others. Based on the notion of illness trajectory and adopting a Ricoeurian narrative perspective, this theoretical paper shall explore the impact of cancer disease on identity and establish the crucial importance of metaphor in the narratives of life with cancer. Find...
Source: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy - October 1, 2012 Category: Medical Ethics Tags: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy Source Type: research

[Fathers' experiences during the hospitalization of the premature newborn in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit].
This study aimed to understand the fathers' experiences during the hospitalization of premature newborn in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at a public hospital in Feira de Santana, Bahia. This is a qualitative descriptive exploratory study that was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Technology and Sciences, and carried out in a public hospital in Bahia, with nine fathers who accompanied their children hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The data were analyzed through content analysis. The results showed that premature births cause feelings of surprise, anxiety and fear in the fathers. It is n...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem - October 1, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Santos LM, Silva CL, Santana RC, Santos VE Tags: Rev Bras Enferm Source Type: research

Guidelines for psychological evaluations in child protection matters.
The problems of abused and neglected children are epidemic in our society (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Children, Youth, and Families, 2008) and create issues that psychologists may be called upon to address. Psychologists are positioned to contribute significantly to decision making in child protection matters. Psychological data and expertise may provide sources of information and a perspective not otherwise available to courts regarding the functioning of parties, and thus may increase the fairness of decisions by the court, state agency, or other party. such matters. These guidelines ...
Source: American Psychologist - October 1, 2012 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Norman B. Anderson, PhD Source Type: research

Specialty guidelines for forensic psychology.
In the past 50 years forensic psychological practice has expanded dramatically. Because the practice of forensic psychology differs in important ways from more traditional practice areas (Monahan, 1980) the “Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists” were developed and published in 1991 (Committee on Ethical Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists, 1991). These Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychology were developed by the American Psychology–Law Society (Division 41 of the American Psychological Association [APA]) and the American Academy of Forensic Psychology. They were adopted by the APA Council of Repres...
Source: American Psychologist - October 1, 2012 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Norman B. Anderson, PhD Source Type: research

Ageism and clinical research.
Abstract Despite being the most significant consumers of health care resources and medications worldwide, recent international research has highlighted the under-representation of older participants from clinical trials. This creates problems for physicians as the patients seen in clinical practice are not representative of those on which medical treatments and interventions have been trialled, and we need to consider whether results (both negative and positive) from these trials are applicable to these patients. Our aim was to gauge whether exclusion of older people was prevalent in research proposals submitted to...
Source: Ir Med J - October 1, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Briggs R, Robinson S, O'Neill D Tags: Ir Med J Source Type: research

The process associated with motivation of a home-based Wii Fit exercise program among sedentary African American women with systemic lupus erythematosus
Conclusions: The motivational elements of the Wii Fit may contribute to improved exercise motivation and adherence in select sedentary African American women with SLE. Results provide a better understanding on the important elements to incorporate in the development of sustainable home-based exercise programs with interactive health video games for this population.
Source: Disability and Health Journal - October 1, 2012 Category: Disability Authors: Hon K. Yuen, Hazel L. Breland, Laura K. Vogtle, Katy Holthaus, Diane L. Kamen, David Sword Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

A Review of Autopsy Reports on Chimpanzees In or From US Laboratories.
This study reviews 110 autopsy reports on chimpanzees who died from 2001-2011 in laboratories or in sanctuaries (but who were from laboratories), in order to glean information about their premorbid health and causes of death. The findings raise questions about the health status of the chimpanzees remaining in laboratories. Most of the chimpanzees currently held are not involved in active protocols. The Chimpanzee Health Improvement, Maintenance, and Protection (CHIMP) Act 2000 states that chimpanzees "not needed" for research "shall" be accepted into the federal sanctuary system, but criteria for when a chimpanzee is deeme...
Source: Alternatives to Laboratory Animals : ATLA - October 1, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Capaldo T, Peppercorn M Tags: Altern Lab Anim Source Type: research

Get on board with the research ethics review process.
PMID: 23156015 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Canadian Nurse - October 1, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Cummings L Tags: Can Nurse Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acids: Benefits for cardio-cerebro-vascular diseases
Conclusions: Whereas the beneficial effects of EPA/DHA for cardiovascular diseases and stroke seem to be beyond question, preventive effects in patients with very mild cognitive dysfunction and beginning Alzheimer's disease undoubtedly need confirmation by larger clinical trials. A collaborative international basic science approach is warranted considering cautiously designed studies in order to avoid ethical problems.
Source: Atherosclerosis - October 1, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: G. Siegel, E. Ermilov Tags: Invited Commentary Source Type: research

People with aphasia: capacity to consent, research participation and intervention inequalities
Of 14 randomized controlled trials included in the recent Cochrane review of the evidence relating to information provision after stroke, only one included people with aphasia with the remainder either excluding this patient sub‐group (10/14 trials) or failing to report any exclusion criteria. A third of people that experience a stroke will also experience aphasia, affecting their speaking, understanding, reading, and writing. The pervasive supposition that people with aphasia lack the capacity to make decisions for themselves is flawed and has the potential to lead to inequalities in care. We highlight the degree to whi...
Source: International Journal of Stroke - October 1, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Marian C. Brady, Alex Fredrick, Brian Williams Tags: Opinion Source Type: research

Genomic medicine: challenges and opportunities for physicians.
This article highlights the significant opportunities that genomics brings to healthcare, as well as some of the practical and ethical challenges. PMID: 23101139 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Clinical Medicine - October 1, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Burton H, Cole T, Lucassen AM Tags: Clin Med Source Type: research