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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 16.

Genome composition, caste, and molecular evolution [Biological Sciences]
Kent et al. (1) recently investigated genome evolution in the honey bee and proposed “strong links between recombination, biased gene conversion, GC-content evolution, and worker behavior.” However, we feel these connections may be more nuanced than suggested.Kent et al. (1) illustrated dramatically higher guanine and cytosine (GC) content for worker-biased...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 5, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Hunt, B. G., Glastad, K. M., Goodisman, M. A. D. Tags: Letters Source Type: research

Wnt5a signaling mediates biliary differentiation of fetal hepatic stem/progenitor cells
Conclusions: We demonstrate that Wnt5a‐mediated signaling in fetal hepatic stem/progenitor cells suppresses biliary differentiation. We also suggest that activation of CaMKII by Wnt5a signaling suppresses biliary differentiation. (HEPATOLOGY 2013.)
Source: Hepatology - February 5, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kei Kiyohashi, Sei Kakinuma, Akihide Kamiya, Naoya Sakamoto, Sayuri Nitta, Hideto Yamanaka, Kouhei Yoshino, Junko Fijuki, Miyako Murakawa, Akiko Kusano‐Kitazume, Hiromichi Shimizu, Ryuichi Okamoto, Seishin Azuma, Mina Nakagawa, Yasuhiro Asahina, Naoki T Tags: Liver Biology and Pathobiology Source Type: research

MicroRNA-152 targets DNA methyltransferase 1 in NiS-transformed cells via a feedback mechanism
Nickel (Ni) compounds are well-recognized human carcinogens, yet the molecular mechanisms by which they cause human cancer are still not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNAs, are involved in diverse biological functions and carcinogenesis. In previous study, we identified upregulation of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression in nickel sulfide (NiS)-transformed human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells. Here, we investigated whether some miRNAs are aberrantly expressed and targets DNMT1 in NiS-transformed cells. Our results showed that the expression of miRNA-152 (miR-152) was specificall...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ji, W., Yang, L., Yuan, J., Yang, L., Zhang, M., Qi, D., Duan, X., Xuan, A., Zhang, W., Lu, J., Zhuang, Z., Zeng, G. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research

Characterization of murine macrophages from bone marrow, spleen and peritoneum
Conclusions: Our results show that BMs, SPMs and PMs are distinct populations with different biological functions, providing clues to guide their further experimental or therapeutic use.
Source: BMC Immunology - February 5, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Changqi WangXiao YuQi CaoYa WangGuoping ZhengThian TanHong ZhaoYe ZhaoYiping WangDavid Harris Source Type: research

Involvement of presenilin holoprotein upregulation in calcium dyshomeostasis of Alzheimer's disease
Abstract Mutations in presenilins (PS1 and PS2) account for the vast majority of early onset familial Alzheimer's disease cases. Beside the well investigated role of presenilins as the catalytic unit in γ‐secretase complex, their involvement in regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis has recently come into more focus of Alzheimer's disease research. Here we report that the overexpression of PS1 full‐length holoprotein forms, in particular familial Alzheimer's disease‐causing forms of PS1, result in significantly attenuated calcium release from thapsigargin‐ and bradykinin‐sensitive stores. Interestingly,...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kamran Honarnejad, Christian K.E. Jung, Sven Lammich, Thomas Arzberger, Hans Kretzschmar, Jochen Herms Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Infiltration of myeloid cells into decidua is a critical early event in the labour cascade and post‐partum uterine remodelling
Abstract Leucocyte infiltration in the decidua (maternal–foetal interface) before, during and after term (TL) and preterm labour (PTL) was studied in mouse. We also investigated the mechanism of peripheral leucocyte recruitment into decidua by analysing the tissue cytokine profiles. Decidual tissues were collected during late gestation, TL and post‐partum (PP). PTL was initiated on gestational day 15 by intrauterine injection of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 125 μg) or progesterone signalling antagonism by RU486. Animals were killed during PTL or PP. Decidua basalis was analysed using FACS and immunohistochemistry. Marker...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Oksana Shynlova, Tamara Nedd‐Roderique, Yunqing Li, Anna Dorogin, Tina Nguyen, Stephen J. Lye Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

High lability of sexual system over 250 million years of evolution in morphologically conservative tadpole shrimps
Conclusions: In contrast to their conserved morphology, sexual system in Notostraca is highly labile and the rare reproductive mode androdioecy has evolved repeatedly within the order. Furthermore, we conclude that this lability of sexual system has been maintained for at least 250 million years and may have contributed to the long term evolutionary persistence of Notostraca. Our results further our understanding of the evolution of androdioecy and indicate that reproductive assurance is a recurrent theme involved in the evolution of this sexual system.
Source: BMC Evolutionary Biology - Latest articles - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Thomas MathersRobert HammondRonald JennerThorid ZieroldBernd HänflingAfrica Gómez Source Type: research

Wolbachia association with the tsetse fly, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, reveals high levels of genetic diversity and complex evolutionary dynamics
Conclusions: High Wolbachia sequence diversity and the association of Wolbachia with multiple host haplotypes suggest that different Wolbachia strains infected G. f. fuscipes multiple times independently. We suggest that these observations reflect a transient phase in Wolbachia evolution that is influenced by the long gestation and low reproductive output of tsetse. Although G. f. fuscipes is superinfected with Wolbachia, our data does not support that bidirectional CI has influenced host genetic diversity in Uganda.
Source: BMC Evolutionary Biology - Latest articles - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rebecca SymulaUzma AlamCorey BrelsfoardYineng WuRichard EchoduLoyce OkediSerap AksoyAdalgisa Caccone Source Type: research

The Role of Cross‐Sectional Geometry, Curvature, and Limb Posture in Maintaining Equal Safety Factors: A Computed Tomography Study
The limb bones of an elephant are considered to experience similar peak locomotory stresses as a shrew. “Safety factors” are maintained across the entire range of body masses through a combination of robusticity of long bones, postural variation, and modification of gait. The relative contributions of these variables remain uncertain. To test the role of shape change, we undertook X‐ray tomographic scans of the leg bones of 60 species of mammals and birds, and extracted geometric properties. The maximum resistible forces the bones could withstand before yield under compressive, bending, and torsional loads were calcu...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Charlotte A. Brassey, Andrew C. Kitchener, Philip J. Withers, Phillip L. Manning, William I. Sellers Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Kinematics of Chiropteran Shoulder Girdle in Flight
New data on the mechanisms of movements of the shoulder girdle and humerus of bats are described; potential mobility is compared to the movements actually used in flight. The study was performed on the basis of morphological and functional analysis of anatomical specimens of 15 species, high speed and high definition filming of two species and X‐ray survey of Rousettus aegyptiacus flight. Our observations indicate that any excursions of the shoulder girdle in bats have relatively small input in the wing amplitude. Shoulder girdle movements resemble kinematics of a crank mechanism: clavicle plays the role of crank, and sc...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: A.A. Panyutina, A.N. Kuznetsov, L.P. Korzun Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Proteomics Reveals Intersexual Differences in the Rat Brain Hippocampus
In this study, we investigated the intersexual differences in protein expression of hippocampi using the two‐dimensional electrophoresis analysis. In all, 33 differentially expressed proteins were characterized by matrix‐assisted laser desorption and ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and validated by Western‐blotting analysis. In line with Western‐blotting validation, the proteomic identification revealed the overexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in female rats' hippocampi, and the overexpression of both creatine kinase B‐type and DRP‐2 in male rats' hippocampi. The intersexual differe...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Juan Yang, Li‐Li Hu, Li‐Ying Liu, Lin‐Yu Zhao, Ni Hou, Lei Ni, Zong‐Fang Li, Ai‐Ying Wang, Tu‐Sheng Song, Chen Huang Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Covariation Between Midline Cranial Base, Lateral Basicranium, and Face in Modern Humans and Chimpanzees: A 3D Geometric Morphometric Analysis
In this study, we aim to test if the relationship between the midline cranial base and the face on one hand and the lateral basicranium and the face on the other hand are qualitatively and quantitatively different in modern humans and chimpanzees: two phylogenetically close but morphologically different hominids. This work is performed using three‐dimensional (3D) landmarks to take into account the face and basicranium 3D shape. Modern humans and chimpanzees both exhibit a significant relationship between lateral basicranium and face, and a nonsignificant relationship between midline cranial base and face. However, the p...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Dimitri Neaux, Franck Guy, Emmanuel Gilissen, Walter Coudyzer, Stéphane Ducrocq Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

The Morphological Interaction Between the Nasal Cavity and Maxillary Sinuses in Living Humans
To understand how variation in nasal architecture accommodates the need for effective conditioning of respired air, it is necessary to assess the morphological interaction between the nasal cavity and other aspects of the nasofacial skeleton. Previous studies indicate that the maxillary sinuses may play a key role in accommodating climatically induced nasal variation such that a decrease in nasal cavity volume is associated with a concomitant increase in maxillary sinus volume. However, due to conflicting results in previous studies, the precise interaction of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses, in humans, is unclear. ...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Nathan Holton, Todd Yokley, Lauren Butaric Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

AR Highlights
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ellen C. Jensen Tags: AR Highlights Source Type: research

Telomere length regulates TERRA levels through increased trimethylation of telomeric H3K9 and HP1α
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 244 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb0213-244f Author: Nausica Arnoult, Amandine Van Beneden & Anabelle Decottignies
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Nausica ArnoultAmandine Van BenedenAnabelle Decottignies Tags: Erratum Source Type: research

The spindle-assembly checkpoint and the beauty of self-destruction
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 244 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb0213-244e Author: Andrea Musacchio & Andrea Ciliberto
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Andrea MusacchioAndrea Ciliberto Tags: Erratum Source Type: research

Tudor domain ERI-5 tethers an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to DCR-1 to potentiate endo-RNAi
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 244 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb0213-244d Author: Caroline Thivierge, Neetha Makil, Mathieu Flamand, Jessica J Vasale, Craig C Mello, James Wohlschlegel, Darryl Conte & Thomas F Duchaine
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Caroline ThiviergeNeetha MakilMathieu FlamandJessica J VasaleCraig C MelloJames WohlschlegelDarryl ConteThomas F Duchaine Tags: Erratum Source Type: research

A transcription factor–based mechanism for mouse heterochromatin formation
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 244 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb0213-244c Author: Aydan Bulut-Karslioglu, Valentina Perrera, Manuela Scaranaro, Inti Alberto de la Rosa-Velazquez, Suzanne van de Nobelen, Nicholas Shukeir, Johannes Popow, Borbala Gerle, Susanne Opravil, Michaela Pagani, Simone Meidhof, Thomas Brabletz, Thomas Manke, Monika Lachner & Thomas Jenuwein
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Aydan Bulut-KarsliogluValentina PerreraManuela ScaranaroInti Alberto de la Rosa-VelazquezSuzanne van de NobelenNicholas ShukeirJohannes PopowBorbala GerleSusanne OpravilMichaela PaganiSimone MeidhofThomas BrabletzThomas MankeMonika LachnerThomas Jenuwein Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

H3K36me3 key to Polycomb-mediated gene silencing in lineage specification
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 244 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb0213-244b Author: Jumana AlHaj Abed & Richard S. Jones
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jumana AlHaj AbedRichard S. Jones Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

The resistance of DMC1 D-loops to dissociation may account for the DMC1 requirement in meiosis
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 244 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb0213-244a Author: Dmitry V Bugreev, Roberto J Pezza, Olga M Mazina, Oleg N Voloshin, R Daniel Camerini-Otero & Alexander V Mazin
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Dmitry V BugreevRoberto J PezzaOlga M MazinaOleg N VoloshinR Daniel Camerini-OteroAlexander V Mazin Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

Stressed ribosomes take the slow road
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 143 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb.2514 Author: Angela K. Eggleston
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Angela K. Eggleston Tags: Research Highlights Source Type: research

KRIT-ical interactions
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 143 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb.2513 Author: Stéphane Larochelle
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Stéphane Larochelle Tags: Research Highlights Source Type: research

Splicing with super 8
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 143 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb.2512 Author: Beth Moorefield
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Beth Moorefield Tags: Research Highlights Source Type: research

Looking for a promoter in 3D
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 141 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb.2498 Authors: Vladimir Svetlov & Evgeny Nudler Direct time-resolved single-molecule observations of promoter search by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase indicate no evidence of facilitated diffusion, according to a new report.
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Vladimir SvetlovEvgeny Nudler Tags: News and Views Source Type: research

The COPII cage sharpens its image
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 139 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb.2507 Author: Elizabeth A. Miller Self-assembly of the COPII coat proteins Sec13 and Sec31 creates a spherical cage that drives vesicle formation from the endoplasmic reticulum. A multipronged approach now provides a convincing pseudoatomic model of the assembled cage that sharpens our understanding of the architecture, contact sites and flexibility of this remarkable structure.
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Elizabeth A. Miller Tags: News and Views Source Type: research

Coordinating the impact of structural genomics on the human α-helical transmembrane proteome
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 20, 135 (2013). doi:10.1038/nsmb.2508 Authors: Ursula Pieper, Avner Schlessinger, Edda Kloppmann, Geoffrey A Chang, James J Chou, Mark E Dumont, Brian G Fox, Petra Fromme, Wayne A Hendrickson, Michael G Malkowski, Douglas C Rees, David L Stokes, Michael H B Stowell, Michael C Wiener, Burkhard Rost, Robert M Stroud, Raymond C Stevens & Andrej Sali Given the recent successes in determining membrane-protein structures, we explore the tractability of determining representatives for the entire human membrane proteome. This proteome contains 2,925 unique integral α-helic...
Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ursula PieperAvner SchlessingerEdda KloppmannGeoffrey A ChangJames J ChouMark E DumontBrian G FoxPetra FrommeWayne A HendricksonMichael G MalkowskiDouglas C ReesDavid L StokesMichael H B StowellMichael C WienerBurkhard RostRobert M StroudRaymond C Stevens Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Geneviève Almouzni to receive the 2013 FEBS | EMBO Women in Science Award
(European Molecular Biology Organization) EMBO and the Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS) announce Geneviève Almouzni, deputy director of the Institut Curie in Paris, France, as the winner of the 2013 FEBS | EMBO Women in Science Award.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - February 5, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Learner differences and learning outcomes in an introductory biochemistry class: Attitude toward images, visual cognitive skills, and learning approach
This study reports the development of a scale to assess students' attitude toward biochemical images, particularly their willingness and ability to use the images to support their learning. In addition, because it is argued that images are central in the communication of biochemical concepts, we investigated three “learner differences” which might impact learning outcomes in this kind of classroom environment: attitude toward images, visual cognitive skills, and learning approach. Overall, the students reported a positive attitude toward the images, the majority agreeing that they liked images and considered them usefu...
Source: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education - February 5, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Rachel E. Milner Tags: Article Source Type: research

Investigation of the human disease osteogenesis imperfecta: A research‐based introduction to concepts and skills in biomolecular analysis
Abstract A blended approach encompassing problem‐based learning (PBL) and structured inquiry was used in this laboratory exercise based on the congenital disease Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), to introduce commonly used techniques in biomolecular analysis within a clinical context. During a series of PBL sessions students were presented with several scenarios involving a 2 year old child, who had experienced numerous fractures. Key learning goals related to both the theory and practical aspects of the course, covering biomolecular analysis and functional genomics, were identified in successive PBL sessions. The laboratory...
Source: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education - February 5, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Karen Mate, Alistair Sim, Judith Weidenhofer, Liz Milward, Judith Scott Tags: Laboratory Exercise Source Type: research

The role of professional identity in graduate school success for under‐represented minority students
We examined the relationship between sense of professional identity and academic success among under‐represented minority graduate students in a biomedical doctoral program. We found that a sense of professional identity is related to science success among under‐represented minority students, but not for non‐underrepresented minority students. Sense of professional identity appears to be linked to the use of mentors and to development as a scientist and member of the professional community, rather than someone who simply performs laboratory experiments. © 2013 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2013
Source: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education - February 5, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chu Kim‐Prieto, H. Liesel Copeland, Rodney Hopson, Toya Simmons, Michael J. Leibowitz Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Gee, what an amazing protein!
Source: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education - February 5, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Indira Rajagopal Tags: The Lighter Side Source Type: research

Dose‐dependent effects of nicotine on proliferation and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells and the antagonistic action of vitamin C
This study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of nicotine on human bone marrow stromal cells and whether Vitamin C supplementation show the antagonism action to high concentration nicotine. We used CCK‐8, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Von Kossa staining, real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot to evaluate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The results indicated that the proliferation of BMSCs increased at the concentration of 50, 100ng/ml, got inhibited at 1000 ng/ml. When Vitamin C was added, the OD for proliferation increased. For ALP staining, we found that BMSCs treated wi...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 5, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yue Shen, Hai‐xiao Liu, Xiao‐zhou Ying, Shi‐zhou Yang, Peng‐fei Nie, Shao‐wen Cheng, Wei Wang, Xiao‐jie Cheng, Lei Peng, Hua‐zi Xu Tags: Article Source Type: research

Protocol: optimising hydroponic growth systems for nutritional and physiological analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana and other plants
Conclusions: We present an optimised plant hydroponic culture system that can be quickly and cheaply constructed, and produces plants with similar growth kinetics to soil-grown plants, but with the advantage of being a versatile platform for a myriad of physiological and molecular biological measurements on all plant tissues at all developmental stages. We present 'tips and tricks' for the easy adoption of this hydroponic culture system.
Source: BioMed Central - February 4, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Simon J ConnBradleigh HockingMaclin DayodBo XuAsmini AthmanSam HendersonLucy AukettVanessa ConnMonique K ShearerSigfredo FuentesStephen D TyermanMatthew Gilliham Source Type: research

Analysis of the leaf transcriptome of Musa acuminata during interaction with Mycosphaerella musicola: gene assembly, annotation and marker development
Conclusions: A large set of unigenes were characterized in this study for both M. acuminata Calcutta 4 and Cavendish Grande Naine, increasing the number of public domain Musa ESTs. This transcriptome is an invaluable resource for furthering our understanding of biological processes elicited during biotic stresses in Musa. Gene-based markers will facilitate molecular breeding strategies, forming the basis of genetic linkage mapping and analysis of quantitative trait loci.
Source: BioMed Central - February 4, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Marco A PassosViviane Oliveira de CruzFlavia L EmediatoCristiane Camargo de TeixeiraVânia C AzevedoAna C BrasileiroEdson P AmorimClaudia F FerreiraNatalia F MartinsRoberto C TogawaGeorgios J PappasOrzenil Bonfim da SilvaRobert NG Miller Source Type: research

Diamond-Based Quantum Devices Shrink MRI to Nanoscale
Diamond-based quantum devices can now make nuclear magnetic resonance measurements on the molecular scale. Work by two independent groups will make it easier to find out the structure of single biological molecules such as proteins without destroying or freezing them. [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 4, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Technology,Physics,Medical Technology,More Science,Health,Technology Source Type: research

Sequencing Hundreds Of Chloroplast Genomes Now Possible
Researchers at the University of Florida and Oberlin College have developed a sequencing method that will allow potentially hundreds of plant chloroplast genomes to be sequenced at once, facilitating studies of molecular biology and evolution in plants. The chloroplast is the compartment within the plant cell that is responsible for photosynthesis and hence provides all of the sugar that a plant needs to grow and survive. The chloroplast is unusual in containing its own DNA genome, separate from the larger and dominant genome that is located in every cell's nucleus...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Biology / Biochemistry Source Type: news

Resveratrol and Cancer Treatment: Is Hormesis a Yet Unsolved Matter?
Abstract Plants produce many low molecular mass natural compounds endowed with biological activity. Among them, resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) has been demonstrated to be able to affect a plethora of pivotal cellular molecular processes, including transduction pathways and gene expression. These activities result, in turn, in several different cell phenotypes. Particularly, frequent effects of resveratrol treatment appear to be the reduction of growth and the activation of cell programmed death. Accordingly, a number of trials are currently under development to evaluate the possibility of using resveratrol...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 4, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Borriello A, Bencivenga D, Caldarelli I, Tramontano A, Borgia A, Pirozzi A, Oliva A, Ragione FD Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Physical break-down of the classical view on cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
Abstract Eight classical hallmarks of cancer have been proposed and are well-defined by using biochemical or molecular genetic methods, but are not yet precisely defined by cellular biophysical processes. To define the malignant transformation of neoplasms and finally reveal the functional pathway, which enables cancer cells to promote cancer progression, these classical hallmarks of cancer require the inclusion of specific biomechanical properties of cancer cells and their microenvironment such as the extracellular matrix and embedded cells such as fibroblasts, macrophages or endothelial cells. Nonetheless a main ...
Source: European Journal of Cell Biology - February 4, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Mierke CT Tags: Eur J Cell Biol Source Type: research

Constitutive activation of NOTCH1 signaling in Sertoli cells causes gonocyte exit from quiescence.
Abstract Notch signaling components have long been detected in Sertoli and germ cells in the developing and mature testis. However, the role of this pathway in testis development and spermatogenesis remains unknown. Using reporter mice expressing green fluorescent protein following Notch receptor activation, we found that Notch signaling was active in Sertoli cells at various fetal, neonatal, and adult stages. Since Notch signaling specifies stem cell fate in many developing and mature organ systems, we hypothesized that maintenance and differentiation of gonocytes and/or spermatogonial stem cells would be modulate...
Source: Developmental Biology - February 4, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Xavier Garcia T, Defalco T, Capel B, Hofmann MC Tags: Dev Biol Source Type: research

Sex-specific expression, synthesis and localization of aromatase regulators in one-year-old Atlantic salmon ovaries and testes.
Abstract Transcripts for dax1, foxl2, mis and sf1 are co-expressed in the somatic companion cells of teleost germ cells. These regulatory factors function, in part, to modulate the transcription of aromatase, particularly cyp19a, the terminal enzyme of estrogen biosynthesis. At least two separate aromatase loci exist in teleost fish that encode distinct isoforms. The activity of two forms, cyp19a and cyp19b1, are predominantly associated with the ovary and the brain, respectively. We isolated sequences that compose the proximal promoters of cyp19a, cyp19b1 and foxl2a, to identify potential transcription factor bind...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - February 4, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: von Schalburg KR, Gowen BE, Rondeau EB, Johnson NW, Minkley DR, Leong JS, Davidson WS, Koop BF Tags: Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol Source Type: research

Adenosine modulates LPS-induced cytokine production in porcine monocytes.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of synthetic adenosine analogs on cytokine production by porcine monocytes. The LPS-stimulated cytokine production was measured by flow cytometry and quantitative real-time PCR. Adenosine receptor expression was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The present study demonstrates that adenosine analog N-ethylcarboxyamidoadenosine (NECA) down-regulates TNF-α production and up-regulates IL-8 production by LPS-stimulated porcine monocytes. The effect was more pronounced in CD163(-) subset of monocytes compared to the CD163(+) subset. Although both monocyte subse...
Source: Cytokine - February 4, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ondrackova P, Kovaru H, Kovaru F, Leva L, Faldyna M Tags: Cytokine Source Type: research

Platelet proteome analysis reveals integrin-dependent aggregation defects in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.
Abstract Bleeding complications are a significant clinical problem in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes even at sufficient platelet counts (>50000/μL). However, the underlying pathology of this hemorrhagic diathesis is still unknown. Here, we analyzed the platelet proteome of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes by quantitative two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometric protein identification. Proteins identified with lower concentrations such as talin-1, vinculin, myosin-9, filamin-A and actin play critical roles in integrin αIIbβ3 signaling and thus platelet aggre...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - February 4, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Froebel J, Cadeddu RP, Hartwig S, Bruns I, Wilk CM, Kuendgen A, Fischer JC, Schroeder T, Steidl UG, Germing U, Lehr S, Haas R, Czibere A Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: research

The impact of biosampling procedures on molecular data interpretation.
Abstract The separation between biological and technical variation without extensive use of technical replicates is often challenging, particularly in the context of different forms of protein and peptide modifications. Biosampling procedures in the research laboratory are easier to conduct within a shorter time frame and under controlled conditions as compared to clinical sampling with the later often having issues of reproducibility. But is the research laboratory biosampling really less variable? Biosampling introduces within minutes rapid tissue specific changes in the cellular microenvironment; inducing a rang...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - February 4, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sköld K, Alm H, Scholz B Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: research

Antimicrobial and pilling evaluation of the modified cellulosic fabrics using polyurethane acrylate copolymers.
Abstract Polyurethane acrylate copolymers (PAC) were synthesized by three step synthesis process via emulsion polymerization using toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, hydroxy terminated poly (caprolactone) diol (PCL), 2-hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA) and butyl acrylate (BuA). The proposed structure of the synthesized polyurethane acrylate copolymer (PAC) was confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. The pilling characteristic and antimicrobial activities of the plain weave poly-cotton grey, white, printed and dyed fabric swatches after application of PAC were evaluated. The results revealed that by in...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - February 4, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Tabasum S, Zuber M, Jamil T, Shahid M, Hussain R Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research

A Novel Spectral Library Workflow to Enhance Protein Identifications.
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics from protein structures to clinical applications (CNPN 2012). PMID: 23391412 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Proteomics - February 4, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Li H, Zong NC, Liang X, Kim A, Choi JH, Deng N, Zelaya I, Lam M, Duan H, Ping P Tags: J Proteomics Source Type: research

CCL5 as a potential immunotherapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer.
Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of mortality among women in the world. To date, a number of molecules have been established as disease status indicators and therapeutic targets. The best known among them are estrogen receptor-α (ER-α), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER-2/neu. About 15%-20% BC patients do not respond effectively to therapies targeting these classes of tumor-promoting factors. Thus, additional targets are strongly and urgently sought after in therapy for human BCs negative for ER, PR and HER-2, the so-called triple-negative BC (TNBC). Recent clinical work has revealed that CC chemok...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - February 4, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lv D, Zhang Y, Kim HJ, Zhang L, Ma X Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: research

Sphingosine-1-phosphate protects against bisphosphonate‑induced HUVEC cell death via regulation of c-Jun‑N‑terminal kinase signaling.
Abstract Bisphosphonates (BPs) remain the most widely used and effective antiresorptive agents in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In particular, nitrogen-containing BPs (N-BPs) are more potent at inhibiting bone resorption in vivo than simple BPs, but they are associated with a number of side-effects including increased endothelial cell apoptosis in patients with multiple myeloma. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a sphingolipid metabolite, plays important roles in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation and programmed cell death as a multifunctional bioactive lipid mediator. The aim of this stud...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - February 4, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lee YJ, Jeong JK, Lee JH, Park YG, Moon JH, Seol JW, Jackson CJ, Park SY Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Serum protein isoform profiles indicate the progression of hepatitis C virus-induced liver diseases.
In conclusion, protein variants in serum that arise as a result of post-translational modifications prove to be useful biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis of specific liver diseases. PMID: 23381678 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - February 4, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sugimoto K, Shiraki K, Takei Y, Ito M, Nobori T, Suzuki H, Dissanayaka SK, Meno K, Asashima M, Uchida K Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Masthead
Source: EMBO Molecular Medicine - February 4, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Masthead Source Type: research