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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 24.

Aspiration Toxicology of Hydrocarbons and Lamp oils studied by in vitro technology.
Abstract Medical literature regularly reports on accidental poisoning in children after aspiration of combustibles such as lamp oils which usually contain hydrocarbons or rape methyl esters (RME). We aimed to analyze the toxic potential of alkanes and different combustible classes in vitro with regard to biologic responses and mechanisms mediating toxicity. Two different in vitro models were used, i.e. (i) a captive bubble surfactometer (CBS) to assess direct influence of combustibles on biophysical properties of surfactant film and (ii) cell cultures (BEAS-2B and R3/1 cells, primary macrophages, re-differentiated ...
Source: Toxicology in Vitro - January 30, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Schneider S, Schürch D, Geiser M Tags: Toxicol In Vitro Source Type: research

Invited Commentary [ORIGINAL ARTICLES: ADULT CARDIAC]
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - January 30, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Elefteriades, J. A. Tags: Great vessels, Molecular biology ORIGINAL ARTICLES: ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Progression Rate and Early Surgical Experience in the New Aggressive Aneurysms-Osteoarthritis Syndrome [ORIGINAL ARTICLES: ADULT CARDIAC]
Conclusions Aneurysm growth in AOS patients can be fast and unpredictable, warranting extensive and frequent cardiovascular monitoring. Valve-sparing aortic root replacement is a safe and effective procedure for the management of aortic root aneurysms in AOS patients.
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - January 30, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: van der Linde, D., Bekkers, J. A., Mattace-Raso, F. U. S., van de Laar, I. M. B. H., Moelker, A., van den Bosch, A. E., van Dalen, B. M., Timmermans, J., Bertoli-Avella, A. M., Wessels, M. W., Bogers, A. J. J. C., Roos-Hesselink, J. W. Tags: Great vessels, Molecular biology ORIGINAL ARTICLES: ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Fibronectin mediates correct positioning of the interrenal organ in zebrafish
Conclusions: Our results indicate that Fn is essential for patterning interrenal organ formation, by modulating the migratory behavior of both steroidogenic interrenal and chromaffin cells. Developmental Dynamics, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals,Inc.
Source: Developmental Dynamics - January 30, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Chih‐Wei Chou, Chih‐Hao Chiu, Yi‐Wen Liu Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Conditional expression of the dominant‐negative TGF‐β receptor type II elicits lingual epithelial hyperplasia in transgenic mice
Conclusions: Our results contribute to the understanding of TGF‐β signaling in regulating homeostasis and carcinogenesis in lingual epithelia. Developmental Dynamics, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals,Inc.
Source: Developmental Dynamics - January 30, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Feng Li, Mingliang Zhou Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Pitx2‐mediated cardiac outflow tract remodeling
Conclusion: We suggest that Pitx2 is involved in the cardiac outflow tract septation by promoting and/or maintaining the number and the remodeling process of the mesoderm progenitor cells. Pitx2 influences the expression of transcription factors and signaling molecules involved in the differentiation of the cushion mesenchyme during heart development. Developmental Dynamics, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals,Inc.
Source: Developmental Dynamics - January 30, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hsiao‐Yen Ma, Jun Xu, Diana Eng, Michael K. Gross, Chrissa Kioussi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Distinct roles for N‐cadherin linked C‐src and fyn kinases in lens development
Conclusions: Through inhibition of N‐cadherin junction maturation c‐Src promotes lens epithelial cell proliferation and the maintenance of the lens epithelial cell undifferentiated state, while Fyn, signaling downstream of mature N‐cadherin junctions, promotes lens fiber cell morphogenesis. Developmental Dynamics, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals,Inc.
Source: Developmental Dynamics - January 30, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Michelle Leonard, Liping Zhang, Brigid M. Bleaken, A. Sue Menko Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of haemoglobin from mongoose (Helogale parvula) in two different crystal forms induced by pH variation
Haemoglobin (Hb) is a respiratory pigment; it is a tetrameric protein that ferries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and transports carbon dioxide on the return journey. The oxygen affinity of haemoglobin is regulated by the concentration of oxygen surrounding it and several efforts have revealed the shapes of Hb in different states and with different functions. However, study of the molecular basis of Hbs from low-oxygen-affinity species is critically needed in order to increase the understanding of the mechanism behind oxygen adaptation. The present study reports the preliminary crystallographic study of low-oxygen-affini...
Source: Acta Crystallographica Section F - January 30, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mohamed Abubakkar, M.Saraboji, K.Ponnuswamy, M.N. Tags: haemoglobin oxygen affinity pH Helogale parvula crystallization communications Source Type: research

Roles and mechanisms of cellular senescence in regulation of tissue homeostasis
Summary Cellular senescence is the state of irreversible cell cycle arrest that can be induced by a variety of potentially oncogenic stimuli and has therefore long been considered to suppress tumorigenesis, acting as a guardian of homeostasis. However, surprisingly, emerging evidences reveal that senescent cells also promote secretion of a series of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and matrix remodeling factors, which alter the local tissue environment and contribute to chronic inflammation and cancer. This newly identified senescence phenotype, termed the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP...
Source: Cancer Science - January 30, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Naoko Ohtani, Eiji Hara Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

INS‐1 cell glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion is reduced by the downregulation of the 67 kDa laminin receptor
Abstract Understanding β cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions can advance our knowledge of the mechanisms that control glucose homeostasis and improve culture methods used in islet transplantation for the treatment of diabetes. Laminin is the main constituent of the basement membrane and is involved in pancreatic β cell survival and function, even enhancing glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion. Most of the studies on cell responses towards laminin have focused on integrin‐mediated interactions, while much less attention has been paid on non‐integrin receptors, such as the 67 kDa laminin receptor (67LR)....
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - January 30, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Georges Sabra, Evan A. Dubiel, Carina Kuehn, Taoufik Khalfaoui, Jean‐François Beaulieu, Patrick Vermette Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

UtroUp is a novel six zinc finger artificial transcription factor that recognises 18 base pairs of the utrophin promoter and efficiently drives utrophin upregulation
Conclusions: This novel artificial molecule may represent an improved platform for the development of future applications in DMD treatment.
Source: BMC Molecular Biology - Latest articles - January 30, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Annalisa OnoriCinzia PisaniGeorgios StrimpakosLucia MonacoElisabetta MatteiClaudio PassanantiNicoletta Corbi Source Type: research

The FEBS-EMBO 2014 Conference
(European Molecular Biology Organization) The Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS), EMBO, and the French Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology will hold a joint conference for the life sciences in 2014. The FEBS-EMBO 2014 Conference will take place from the Aug. 30 to Sept. 4at the Palais des Congrès in Paris, France.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - January 30, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Prevalence and relationship of human papilloma virus type 16 and type 18 with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia in fresh scrappings: A PCR study
Conclusions:HPV type 16, 18, and co-infection of both types showed high prevalence in oral squamous cell carcinoma.The prevalence of HPV type 18 was found to be higher than HPV type 16 and co-infection in oral leukoplakia. It was observed that the tongue and palate lesions in the oral squamous cell carcinoma patients showed high prevalence of HPV type 16, type 18, and co-infection compared with other sites.
Source: Indian Journal of Medical Sciences - January 30, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Asok MathewRN ModyMahendra R PataitAli A RazookiNisha T VargheseKedar Saraf Source Type: research

Temporal alterations and cellular mechanisms of transmural repolarization during progression of mouse cardiac hypertrophy and failure
ConclusionThe two distinct TDR modes were revealed during the progression of mouse cardiac hypertrophy and failure, indicating that the remodeling of TDR depends on the stage of the disease.Acta Physiologica © 2013 Scandinavian Physiological Society
Source: Acta Physiologica - January 29, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Chenxia Shi, Xiaofeng Wang, Fang Dong, Yuhong Wang, Jingfang Hui, Zhige Lin, Jing Yang, Yanfang Xu Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research

Multi‐parametric phospho‐flow cytometry: A crucial tool for T lymphocyte signaling studies
Abstract Tools such as protein immunoblotting have proven benefits for investigating T lymphocyte signaling but have several drawbacks such as the number of cells required and the difficulty of distinguishing subset‐specific differences without expensive and invasive cell sorting. Recent advances in immunology and the identification of T lymphocyte sub‐populations making up only a very small fraction of the total population highlight the importance of studying signaling in those small subsets in a feasible, cost‐effective, high‐throughput manner. To this end, we have developed a simplified protocol to study both in...
Source: Cytometry Part A - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: David Goldeck, Ivy Low, Nurhidaya Binte Shadan, Seri Mustafah, Graham Pawelec, Anis Larbi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Quality control of mitochondria during aging: Is there a good and a bad side of mitochondrial dynamics?
Abstract Maintenance of functional mitochondria is essential in order to prevent degenerative processes leading to disease and aging. Mitochondrial dynamics plays a crucial role in ensuring mitochondrial quality but may also generate and spread molecular damage through a population of mitochondria. Computational simulations suggest that this dynamics is advantageous when mitochondria are not or only marginally damaged. In contrast, at a higher degree of damage, mitochondrial dynamics may be disadvantageous. Deceleration of fusion‐fission cycles could be one way to adapt to this situation and to delay a further decline in...
Source: BioEssays - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Marc Thilo Figge, Heinz D. Osiewacz, Andreas S. Reichert Tags: Insights & Perspectives Source Type: research

Inhibition of atypical protein kinase Cι induces apoptosis through autophagic degradation of β‐catenin in esophageal cancer cells
Abstract Atypical protein kinase Cι (PKCι) has been identified as an oncoprotein in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of PKCι in this disease remain unclear. In the present work, we found that inhibition of PKCι expression by RNAi induced apoptosis via the down‐regulation of β‐catenin in esophageal cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that PKCι regulated β‐catenin in an autophagy dependent way. Since down‐regulation of β‐catenin induced by knockdown of PKCι could be rescued by autophagy inhibition; knockdown of PKCι activated autophagy and promoted the recru...
Source: Molecular Carcinogenesis - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Bo‐Shi Wang, Yang Yang, Hai‐Zhen Lu, Li Shang, Yu Zhang, Jia‐Jie Hao, Zhi‐Zhou Shi, Xiao‐Min Wang, Yi‐Zhen Liu, Qi‐Min Zhan, Xue‐Mei Jia, Ming‐Rong Wang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Podcast: How to think like Sherlock Holmes
This week, author and psychologist Maria Konnikova reveals how Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional sleuth can help us maximise our brain power. Click here to read the Guardian's review of Mastermind: How to Think Like Sherlock Holmes.Alok Jha also meets Prof Anita Simonds, a consultant in respiratory medicine at Royal Brompton Hospital to discuss the incredible advances in her field and why sleep apnoea is on the increase. Prof Simonds also talks about the history of noninvasive ventilation – the subject of her inaugural public lecture at Imperial College London earlier this month. Alok is joined by Guardian science correspon...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Maria Konnikova, Alok Jha, Ian Sample, Adam Vaughan, Jason Phipps Tags: Psychology guardian.co.uk Medical research Sleep apnoea Fishing Neuroscience Editorial Environment Biochemistry and molecular biology Source Type: news

Secret Of Scent Lies In Molecular Vibrations
Molecular vibrations, rather than molecular shape, give substances their distinct smell according to a new study by UCL scientists. In a study designed to find out how smell is written into a molecule's structure, scientists tested whether changing how a molecule vibrates on a nano-scale changes its smell. Molecules are made of atoms connected by bonds. The arrangement of bonds and atoms defines the vibration of the molecule. Chemists can therefore identify molecules by their vibrations, using a spectroscope...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 29, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Biology / Biochemistry Source Type: news

Computer Scientists Develop New Way To Study Molecular Networks
In biology, molecules can have multi-way interactions within cells, and until recently, computational analysis of these links has been "incomplete," according to T. M. Murali, associate professor of computer science in the College of Engineering at Virginia Tech. His group authored an article on their new approach to address these shortcomings, titled "Reverse Engineering Molecular Hypergraphs," that received the Best Paper Award at the recent 2012 ACM Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Biomedicine...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 29, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: IT / Internet / E-mail Source Type: news

The Stereodynamics of 5,5'-Disubstituted BIPHEPs.
Abstract We investigated the stereodynamics of 5,5'-substituted tropos BIPHEP ligands (2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-biphenyls) by enantioselective dynamic high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) to elucidate the influence of the substitution pattern and electronics of the substituents (methyl, methoxy, and hydroxyl groups). By temperature-dependent dynamic HPLC measurements the activation parameters ΔG(╪) , ΔH(╪) , and ΔS(╪) could be determined with high precision, revealing that the activation barrier of these 5,5'-substituted BIPHEP ligands ranges in a narrow band between 87.8 and 93.0 kJ mol(-...
Source: Chirality - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Maier F, Trapp O Tags: Chirality Source Type: research

Oral exposure to atrazine modulates hormone synthesis and the transcription of steroidogenic genes in male peripubertal mice.
This study provides new insights into the mammalian toxicological mechanism of ATZ. PMID: 23376530 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - January 29, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Jin Y, Wang L, Fu Z Tags: Gen Comp Endocrinol Source Type: research

Gastrodin attenuation of the inflammatory response in H9c2 cardiomyocytes involves inhibition of NF-κB and MAPKs activation via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling.
Abstract The phenolic glucoside gastrodin, a main constituent of a Chinese traditional herbal medicine, has been known to display several biological and pharmacological properties. However, the role and precise molecular mechanisms explaining how gastrodin suppresses the inflammatory response in septic cardiac dysfunction are unknown. To study this, rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated with gastrodin and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our results showed that gastrodin treatment strongly suppressed nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) family activation and upregulation of the expre...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - January 29, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yang P, Han Y, Gui L, Sun J, Chen YL, Song R, Guo JZ, Xie YN, Lu D, Sun L Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Microfluidics and cancer: are we there yet?
We present a review of role of microlfuidcs in cancer research, including the history, recent advances and future directions to explore where the field stand currently in addressing complex clinical challenges and future of it. This review identifies four critical areas in cancer research, in which microfluidics can change the current paradigm. These include cancer cell isolation, molecular diagnostics, tumor biology and high-throughput screening for therapeutics. In addition, some of our lab's current research is presented in the corresponding sections. PMID: 23358873 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biomedical Microdevices - January 29, 2013 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Zhang Z, Nagrath S Tags: Biomed Microdevices Source Type: research

Influence of environmentally relevant concentrations of vinclozolin on quality, DNA integrity, and antioxidant responses of sterlet Acipenser ruthenus spermatozoa.
Abstract The effects of vinclozolin (VIN), an anti-androgenic fungicide, on quality, oxidative stress, DNA integrity, and ATP level of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) spermatozoa were investigated in vitro. Fish spermatozoa were incubated with different concentrations of vinclozolin (0.5, 2, 10, 15, 20 and 50μg/l) for 2h. A dose-dependent reduction in spermatozoa motility and velocity was observed at concentrations of 2-50μg/l. A dramatic increase in DNA fragmentation was recorded at concentrations 10μg/l and above. After 2h exposure at higher test concentrations (10-50μg/l), oxidative stress was apparent, as refl...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gazo I, Linhartova P, Shaliutina A, Hulak M Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: research

Alternative splicing and proteolytic rupture contribute to the generation of soluble IL-6 receptors (sIL-6R) in rheumatoid arthritis.
CONCLUSION: Alternative splicing and proteolytic cleavage participate in sIL-6R generation in RA. The rs8192284 polymorphism determines the sIL-6R plasma level through differential proteolytic rupture controlled by ADAM17. PMID: 23375120 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cytokine - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lamas JR, Rodríguez-Rodríguez L, Tornero-Esteban P, Villafuertes E, Hoyas J, Abasolo L, Varadé J, Alvarez-Lafuente R, Urcelay E, Fernández-Gutiérrez B Tags: Cytokine Source Type: research

Correlation of MCP-4 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a marker of inflammation in obesity and chronic periodontitis.
CONCLUSION: GCF MCP-4 concentrations increased in periodontal disease compared to health and correlated positively with the severity of disease indicating it as a novel marker of periodontal disease. The serum concentration of MCP-4 was found to be more in obese group as compared to nonobese group indicating it as a marker of obesity. Furthermore, based on the positive correlation of MCP-4 and hsCRP found in this study, it can be proposed that MCP-4 and hsCRP may be the markers linking chronic inflammation in obesity and periodontal disease. PMID: 23375121 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cytokine - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Pradeep AR, Kumari M, Kalra N, Priyanka N Tags: Cytokine Source Type: research

Role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as an immune-diagnostic biomarker in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontal disease.
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that levels of MCP-1 in GCF and saliva can be reliable indicators of severity of periodontal destruction and their serum levels reflect the systemic impact of this local inflammatory disease thereby strengthening the reciprocal oro-systemic association. PMID: 23375122 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cytokine - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gupta M, Chaturvedi R, Jain A Tags: Cytokine Source Type: research

Calprotectin: A protein related to cardiovascular risk in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
DISCUSSION: Calprotectin may serve as a novel and reliable, biomarker of cardiovascular risk severity in OSA patients. The decrease of calprotectin levels post-CPAP treatment combined with hs-CRP amelioration could provide evidence for reduction of cardiovascular risk post CPAP treatment. PMID: 23375123 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cytokine - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cholidou KG, Kostakis ID, Manali ED, Perrea D, Margeli A, Vougas K, Markozannes E, Koulouris N, Alchanatis M Tags: Cytokine Source Type: research

Measurements of Single Molecules in Solution and Live Cells Over Longer Observation Times Than Those Currently Possible: The Meaningful Time.
Abstract Monitoring translational diffusion of single molecules in solution or in a living cell, particularly DNA and proteins brings valuable information unperturbed by interaction with an artificial surface. The article derives theoretical relationships for time intervals during which just one molecule in the effective probe region can be studied, the time we call meaningful time. This time is greater than the transit time of the molecule through the detection volume, as a single molecule will likely reenter the detection volume several times during measurement. From the infinitely stretched molecular Poisson dis...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - January 29, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Földes-Papp Z Tags: Curr Pharm Biotechnol Source Type: research

Quantitative fragmentome mapping reveals novel, domain-specific partners for the modular protein RepoMan.
Abstract RepoMan is a protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) regulatory subunit that targets the phosphatase to key substrates throughout the cell cycle. Most work to date has focused on the mitotic roles of RepoMan/PP1, although equally important interphase role(s) have been demonstrated. Initial mapping of the interactome of nuclear RepoMan, both endogenous and tagged, was complicated by various factors, including antibody cross-reactivity and low sensitivity of the detection of chromatin-associated partners above the high background of proteins that bind non-specifically to affinity matrices. We therefore adapted our power...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Prevost M, Chamousset D, Nasa I, Freele E, Morrice N, Moorhead G, Trinkle-Mulcahy L Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: research

Metabolomics coupled with proteomics advancing drug discovery towards more agile development of targeted combination therapies.
Abstract To enhance therapeutic efﬁcacy and reduce adverse effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), practitioners often prescribe a combination of plant species and/or minerals called formulae. Unfortunately, the working mechanisms of most of these compounds are difficult to determine and thus remain unknown. In an attempt to address the benefits of formulae based on current biomedical approaches, we analyzed the components of Yinchenhao Tang (YCHT), a classical formula and has been shown to be clinically effective for treating hepatic injury (HI) syndrome. The three principal components of YCHT are Artemis...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang X, Zhang A, Wang P, Sun H, Wu G, Sun W, Lv H, Jiao G, Xu H, Yuan Y, Liu L, Zou D, Wu Z, Han Y, Yan G, Dong W, Wu F, Dong T, Yu Y, Zhang S, Wu X, Tong X, Meng X Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: research

Molecular Timetrees Reveal a Cambrian Colonization of Land and a New Scenario for Ecdysozoan Evolution.
Abstract Ecdysozoans have been key components of ecosystems since the early Cambrian, when trilobites and soft-bodied Burgess Shale-type ecdysozoans dominated marine animal communities [1]. Even today, the most abundant animals on Earth are either nematode worms or plankton-forming crustaceans, whereas the most diverse are the insects [2]. Throughout geological time, several ecdysozoan lineages independently colonized land [3], shaping both marine and terrestrial ecosystems and providing an adequate environment for successive animal terrestrialization. The timing of these events is largely uncertain [4, 5] and has ...
Source: Current Biology - January 29, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Rota-Stabelli O, Daley AC, Pisani D Tags: Curr Biol Source Type: research

From clinical description to in vitro and animal studies, and backwards to patients: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Fanconi anaemia.
Abstract Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease associated to deficiencies in DNA repair pathways. A body of literature points to a prooxidant state in FA patients, along with the evidence for oxidative stress (OS) in FA phenotype reported by in vitro, molecular and animal studies. A highlight arises from the detection of mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) in FA cell lines of complementation groups A, C, D2 and G. As yet lacking, in vivo studies should focus on FA-associated MDF that may help understanding the mitochondrial basis of OS detected in cells and body fluids from FA patients. Beyond the in vitro and...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - January 29, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Pagano G, Talamanca AA, Castello G, d'Ischia M, Pallardó FV, Petrović S, Porto B, Tiano L, Zatterale A Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Acute effects of hemodialysis on nitrite and nitrate: Potential cardiovascular implications in dialysis patients.
The objective of our study was to determine the extent of removal of plasma and salivary NO congeners nitrite and nitrate by hemodialysis, as this might disrupt physiological NO bioactivity and help explain the health disparity in dialysis patients. Blood and saliva were collected at baseline from patients on dialysis and as it exited the dialysis unit. Blood and saliva were again collected after 4-5hours of dialysis. In the 27 patients on dialysis, baseline plasma nitrite and nitrate by HPLC were 0.21±0.03μM and 67.25±14.68μM, respectively. Blood immediately upon exit from the dialysis unit had 57% less nitrite (0.09�...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - January 29, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Bryan NS, Torregrossa AC, Mian AI, Lindsey Berkson D, Westby CM, Moncrief JW Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Identification of a cuticle protein with unique repeated motifs in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.
Abstract The insect cuticle is non-cellular matrix secreted from a monolayer of epidermal cells. After abrasion of the larval cuticle of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, a protein with molecular mass of 135 kDa is newly detected in the cuticle. Mass spectrometric analysis of the tryptic fragments from this protein revealed that the 135-kDa protein is encoded by the Cb10 gene. In the predicted amino acid sequence of Cb10, three repeated motifs with [YxGGFGGppG(L/V)L] sequence are found in the C-terminal region. In addition to the repeated motifs, Cb10 has seventeen CxxxxC motifs randomly distributed throughout the polypep...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - January 29, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Asano T, Taoka M, Shinkawa T, Yamauchi Y, Isobe T, Sato D Tags: Insect Biochem Mol Biol Source Type: research

Candida tropicalis BPU1, a novel isolate from the rumen of Malabari goat is a dual producer of biosurfactant and polyhydroxybutyrate
Abstract This unique study reports a new strain (BPU1) of Candida tropicalis isolated from the rumen of Malabari goat showing dual production of biosurfactant and polyhydroxybutyrate. C. tropicalis strain BPU1, a facultative anaerobe was tuned to become an aerobe in specially designed flask, the Benjamin flask. The puffy circular colonies were smooth, white‐to‐cream in color with pseudo‐filaments. It fermented glucose, sucrose, maltose, dextrose, and not lactose and cellulose. It assimilated NH4SO4, peptone, glycine, arginine, and not NaNO3 as nitrogen source. Interestingly, it utilized ground nut oil (up to 0.3%) in...
Source: Yeast - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Prakasan Priji, K.N. Unni, S. Sajith, Sailas Benjamin Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Essential Insights into the Molecular Background and Potential Therapies for Treatment.
Abstract The water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2), expressed in the kidney collecting ducts, plays a pivotal role in maintaining body water balance. The channel is regulated by the peptide hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP), which exerts its effects through the type 2 vasopressin receptor (AVPR2). Disrupted function or regulation of AQP2 or the AVPR2 results in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a common clinical condition of renal origin characterized by polydipsia and polyuria. Over several years, major research efforts have advanced our understanding of NDI at the genetic, cellular, molecular, and biological leve...
Source: ENDOCR REV - January 29, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Moeller HB, Rittig S, Fenton RA Tags: Endocr Rev Source Type: research

Issue Information
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Diversification and reproductive isolation: cryptic species in the only New World high-duty cycle bat, Pteronotus parnellii
Conclusions: This unique approach, considering morphological, acoustic and multi-locus genetic information inherited maternally, paternally and bi-parentally, provides strong support to conclusions about the cessation of gene flow and degree of reproductive isolation of these cryptic species.
Source: BMC Evolutionary Biology - Latest articles - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Elizabeth ClareAmanda AdamsAline Maya-SimõesJudith EgerPaul HebertM Fenton Source Type: research

The Oxytricha trifallax Macronuclear Genome: A Complex Eukaryotic Genome with 16,000 Tiny Chromosomes
We report the high-quality genome assembly of ∼16,000 complete nanochromosomes (∼50 Mb haploid genome size) that vary from 469 bp to 66 kb long (mean ∼3.2 kb) and encode ∼18,500 genes. Alternative DNA fragmentation processes ∼10% of the nanochromosomes into multiple isoforms that usually encode complete genes. Nucleotide diversity in the macronucleus is very high (SNP heterozygosity is ∼4.0%), suggesting that Oxytricha trifallax may have one of the largest known effective population sizes of eukaryotes. Comparison to other ciliates with nonscrambled genomes and long macronuclear chromosomes (on the order of 100...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - January 29, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Estienne C. Swart et al. Source Type: research

Neurotrophin regulation of 2-AG signaling [Neuroscience]
Endocannabinoid, particularly 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), signaling has recently emerged as a molecular determinant of neuronal migration and synapse formation during cortical development. However, the cell type specificity and molecular regulation of spatially and temporally confined morphogenic 2-AG signals remain unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that genetic and pharmacological manipulation of CB1...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Keimpema, E., Tortoriello, G., Alpar, A., Capsoni, S., Arisi, I., Calvigioni, D., Hu, S. S.–J., Cattaneo, A., Doherty, P., Mackie, K., Harkany, T. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Naive and immune antiviral CTL TCR repertoires [Immunology]
Ecology is typically thought of as the study of interactions organisms have with each other and their environment and is focused on the distribution and abundance of organisms both within and between environments. On a molecular level, the capacity to probe analogous questions in the field of T-cell immunology is...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Thomas, P. G., Handel, A., Doherty, P. C., La Gruta, N. L. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Function of Aire plant homeodomain 2 [Immunology]
Aire impacts immunological tolerance by regulating the expression of a large set of genes in thymic medullary epithelial cells, thereby controlling the repertoire of self-antigens encountered by differentiating thymocytes. Both humans and mice lacking Aire develop multiorgan autoimmunity. Currently, there are few molecular details on how Aire performs this crucial...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Yang, S., Bansal, K., Lopes, J., Benoist, C., Mathis, D. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Combinations of anti-EGFR antibodies [Immunology]
Breast tumors lacking expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the estrogen and the progesterone receptors (triple negative; TNBC) are more aggressive than other disease subtypes, and no molecular targeted agents are currently available for their treatment. Because TNBC commonly displays EGF receptor (EGFR) expression, and combinations...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Ferraro, D. A., Gaborit, N., Maron, R., Cohen-Dvashi, H., Porat, Z., Pareja, F., Lavi, S., Lindzen, M., Ben-Chetrit, N., Sela, M., Yarden, Y. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

SLC family HCO3- pump in diatoms [Environmental Sciences]
Photosynthesis in marine diatoms is a vital fraction of global primary production empowered by CO2-concentrating mechanisms. Acquisition of HCO3− from seawater is a critical primary step of the CO2-concentrating mechanism, allowing marine photoautotrophic eukaryotes to overcome CO2 limitation in alkaline high-salinity water. However, little is known about molecular mechanisms governing...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Nakajima, K., Tanaka, A., Matsuda, Y. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

AKIP1 in cardiac injury [Cell Biology]
cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) regulates a myriad of functions in the heart, including cardiac contractility, myocardial metabolism, and gene expression. However, a molecular integrator of the PKA response in the heart is unknown. Here, we show that the PKA adaptor A-kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) is up-regulated in cardiac myocytes...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Sastri, M., Haushalter, K. J., Panneerselvam, M., Chang, P., Fridolfsson, H., Finley, J. C., Ng, D., Schilling, J. M., Miyanohara, A., Day, M. E., Hakozaki, H., Petrosyan, S., Koller, A., King, C. C., Darshi, M., Blumenthal, D. K., Ali, S. S., Roth, D. M. Tags: PNAS Plus Source Type: research

The ICP22 protein selectively modifies the transcription of different kinetic classes of pseudorabies virus genes
Conclusions: Our results show a strong dependence of PRV gene expression on the presence of functional us1 gene. ICP22 is shown to exert a differential effect on the distinct kinetic classes of PRV genes and to disrupt the close correlation between the transcription kinetics of ie180 and other PRV transcripts. Furthermore, DNA replication exerts a severe constraint on the viral transcription.
Source: BMC Molecular Biology - Latest articles - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Irma TakácsDóra TombáczBeáta BertaIstván PrazsákNándor PókaZsolt Boldogk¿i Source Type: research

The influence of habitats on female mobility in Central and Western Africa inferred from human mitochondrial variation
Conclusions: Our analyses highlight an aspect of the influence of habitat variation on human genetic diversity that has yet to be understood. Rather than depending simply on geographic linear distances, patterns of female genetic variation vary substantially between savannah and rainforest environments. Our findings may be explained by the effects of recent gene flow constrained by environmental factors, which superimposes on a background shaped by pre-agricultural peopling.
Source: BMC Evolutionary Biology - Latest articles - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Valeria MontanoVeronica MarcariMariano PavanelloOkorie AnyaeleDavid ComasGiovanni Destro-BisolChiara Batini Source Type: research

Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of all species of swordtails and platies (Pisces: Genus Xiphophorus) uncovers a hybrid origin of a swordtail fish, Xiphophorus monticolus, and demonstrates that the sexually selected sword originated in the ancestral lineage of the genus, but was lost again secondarily
Conclusions: This comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the entire genus Xiphophorus provides evidence that a second swordtail species, X. monticolus, arose through hybridization. Previously, we demonstrated that X. clemenciae, another southern swordtail species, arose via hybridization. These findings highlight the potential key role of hybridization in the evolution of this genus and suggest the need for further investigations into how hybridization contributes to speciation more generally.
Source: BMC Evolutionary Biology - Latest articles - January 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ji Hyoun KangManfred SchartlRonald WalterAxel Meyer Source Type: research