Molecular Biology
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 18.
The many facets of the matricelluar protein periostin during cardiac development, remodeling, and pathophysiology.
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Periostin is a member of a growing family of matricellular proteins, defined by their ability to interact with components of the extracellular milieu, and with receptors at the cell surface. Through these interactions, periostin has been shown to play a crucial role as a profibrogenic molecule during tissue morphogenesis. Tissues destined to become fibrous structures are dependent on cooperative interactions between periostin and its binding partners, whereas in its absence, these structures either totally or partially fail to become mature fibrous entities. Within the heart, fibrogenic differentiation is required for ...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Norris RA, Moreno-Rodriguez R, Hoffman S, Markwald RR Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: journals
SPARC functions as an inhibitor of adipogenesis.Email this article to a colleague.
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Adipogenesis, a key step in the pathogenesis of obesity, involves extensive ECM remodeling, changes in cell-ECM interactions, and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Matricellular proteins regulate cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions. Evidence in vivo and in vitro indicates that the prototypic matricellular protein, SPARC, inhibits adipogenesis and promotes osteoblastogenesis. Herein we discuss mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of SPARC on adipogenesis. SPARC enhances the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and regulates the expression and posttranslational modification of collagen. SPARC might drive preadipocytes awa...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Nie J, Sage EH Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: journals
Fibulin-5, an integrin-binding matricellular protein: its function in development and disease.Email this article to a colleague.
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Interactions between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells are critical in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, physiological remodeling, and tumorigenesis. Matricellular proteins, a group of ECM components, mediate cell-ECM interactions. One such molecule, Fibulin-5 is a 66-kDa glycoprotein secreted by various cell types, including vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Fibulin-5 contributes to the formation of elastic fibers by binding to structural components including tropoelastin and fibrillin-1, and to cross-linking enzymes, aiding elastic fiber assembly. Mice deficient ...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yanagisawa H, Schluterman MK, Brekken RA Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: journals
Thrombopoietic-mesenchymal interaction that may facilitate both endochondral ossification and platelet maturation via CCN2.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we initially pursued the possible origin of the CCN2 in platelets. First, we examined if the CCN2 in platelets was produced by megakaryocyte progenitors during differentiation. Unexpectedly, neither megakaryocytic CMK cells nor megakaryocytes that had differentiated from human haemopoietic stem cells in culture showed any detectable CCN2 gene expression or protein production. Together with the fact that no appreciable CCN2 was detected in megakaryocytes in vivo, these results suggest that megakaryocytes themselves do not produce CCN2. Next, we suspected that mesenchymal cells situated around megakaryocytes i...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sumiyoshi K, Kubota S, Furuta RA, Yasui K, Aoyama E, Kawaki H, Kawata K, Ohgawara T, Yamashiro T, Takigawa M Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: journals
The role of osteopontin in inflammatory processes.Email this article to a colleague.
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Osteopontin (OPN) is a matricellular protein that mediates diverse biological functions. OPN is involved in normal physiological processes and is implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of disease states, including atherosclerosis, glomerulonephritis, cancer, and several chronic inflammatory diseases. Through interactions with several integrins, OPN mediates cell migration, adhesion, and survival in many cell types. OPN also functions as a Th1 cytokine, promotes cell-mediated immune responses, and plays a role in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Besides its function in inflammation, OPN is also a regul...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lund SA, Giachelli CM, Scatena M Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: journals
Thrombospondins in the heart: potential functions in cardiac remodeling.Email this article to a colleague.
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Cardiac remodeling after myocardial injury involves inflammation, angiogenesis, left ventricular hypertrophy and matrix remodeling. Thrombospondins (TSPs) belong to the group of matricellular proteins, which are non-structural extracellular matrix proteins that modulate cell-matrix interactions and cell function in injured tissues or tumors. They interact with different matrix and membrane-bound proteins due to their diverse functional domains. That the expression of TSPs strongly increases during cardiac stress or injury indicates an important role for them during cardiac remodeling. Recently, the protective propertie...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Schellings MW, van Almen GC, Sage EH, Heymans S Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: journals
Connective tissue growth factor (CCN2, CTGF) and organ fibrosis: lessons from transgenic animals.Email this article to a colleague.
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In recent months, four different systems have been reported in the literature in which CCN2 transgenes were individually expressed in podocytes, hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes or respiratory epithelial cells to achieve overexpression in, respectively, the kidney, liver, heart, or lung. These transgenic systems have provided valuable information about the contribution of CCN2 to fibrosis in vivo and have begun to reveal the complexities of the underlying mechanisms involved. On the one hand, studies of these animals have revealed that CCN2 overexpression does not necessarily lead directly to fibrotic pathology but may caus...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Brigstock DR Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: journals
Proteome-scale characterization of human s-acylated proteins in lipid raft-enriched and non-raft membranes.Email this article to a colleague.
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Protein S-acylation (palmitoylation), a reversible post-translational modification, is critically involved in regulating protein subcellular localization, activity, stability, and multimeric complex assembly. However, proteome-scale characterization of S-acylation has lagged far behind that of phosphorylation, and global analysis of the localization of S-acylated proteins within different membrane domains has not been reported. Here we describe a novel proteomic approach, designated Palmitoyl Protein Identification and Site Characterization (PalmPISC), for proteome-scale enrichment and characterization of S-acylated pr...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yang W, Di Vizio D, Kirchner M, Steen H, Freeman MR Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: journals
Green Technologies for Room Temperature Nucleic Acid Storage.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we evaluated two novel products for room temperature DNA storage: Biomatrica's DNA SampleMatrix technology and GenVault's GenTegra DNA technology. We compared the integrity and quality of DNA stored using these products against DNA stored in a -20 C freezer by performing downstream testing with short range PCR, long range PCR, DNA sequencing, and SNP microarrays. In addition, we tested Biomatrica's RNAstable product for its ability to preserve RNA at room temperature for use in a quantitative reverse transcription PCR assay.
PMID: 19801719 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wan E, Akana M, Pons J, Chen J, Musone S, Kwok PY, Liao W Tags: Curr Issues Mol Biol Source Type: journals
The neurovascular link in health and disease: an update.Email this article to a colleague.
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Although the nervous and vascular systems are functionally different, they show a high degree of anatomic parallelism and cross-talk. They also share similar mechanisms and molecular cues that regulate their development and maintenance. Malfunctioning of this cross-talk can cause or influence several vascular and neuronal disorders. In this review, we first provide a brief overview of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern the neurovascular link. Second, we focus on two neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, to illustrate how a defective neurovascular link might co...
Source: Trends in Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Segura I, De Smet F, Hohensinner PJ, Almodovar CR, Carmeliet P Tags: Trends Mol Med Source Type: journals
The matricellular functions of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs).Email this article to a colleague.
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The small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are biologically active components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), consisting of a protein core with leucine rich-repeat (LRR) motifs covalently linked to glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains. The diversity in composition resulting from the various combinations of protein cores substituted with one or more GAG chains along with their pericellular localization enables SLRPs to interact with a host of different cell surface receptors, cytokines, growth factors, and other ECM components, leading to modulation of cellular functions. SLRPs are capable of binding to: (i) differe...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Merline R, Schaefer RM, Schaefer L Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: journals
T cell cross-talk with kidney dendritic cells in glomerulonephritisEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract T cells have long been suspected to contribute to glomerulonephritis not only as helpers for antibody-producing B cells, but
also as immune effector cells. Recent evidence has substantiated this hypothesis, by identifying tubulointerstitial dendritic
cells (DCs) as crucial interaction partners. Kidney DCs capture glomerular antigens released for example by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and present them to infiltrating CD4+ T helper cells. This cross-talk results in the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that recruit and activate
further immune effector cells. Such immunocytes are the mai...
Source: Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Journal of Molecular Medicine Source Type: journals
Increased type IIA secretory phospholipase A2 expression contributes to oxidative stress in end-stage renal diseaseEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients exhibit increased in vivo oxidative stress conceivably contributing to cardiovascular
mortality. The type IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) has proatherogenic activity. We explored the hypothesis that sPLA2 contributes to oxidative stress generation and endothelial dysfunction in ESRD patients and transgenic (tg) mice. Patients
with ESRD had increased in vivo oxidative stress as assessed by plasma isoprostane levels (p < 0.001). Active sPLA2 in plasma was substantially increased compared with healthy controls (1,156 ± 65 versus 184 ± 5 ...
Source: Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Journal of Molecular Medicine Source Type: journals
Development and Applications of a Broad-Coverage, TR-FRET-Based Kinase Binding Assay PlatformEmail this article to a colleague.
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The expansion of kinase assay technologies over the past decade has mirrored the growing interest in kinases as drug targets. As a result, there is no shortage of convenient, fluorescence-based methods available to assay targets that span the kinome. The authors recently reported on the development of a non-activity-based assay to characterize kinase inhibitors that depended on displacement of an Alexa Fluor® 647 conjugate of staurosporine (a "tracer") from a particular kinase. Kinase inhibitors were characterized by a change in fluorescence lifetime of the tracer when it was bound to a kinase relative to when it was d...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lebakken, C. S., Riddle, S. M., Singh, U., Frazee, W. J., Eliason, H. C., Gao, Y., Reichling, L. J., Marks, B. D., Vogel, K. W. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
A New Simple Cell-Based Homogeneous Time-Resolved Fluorescence QRET Technique for Receptor-Ligand Interaction ScreeningEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this article, a single-label separation-free fluorescence technique is presented as a potential screening method for cell-based receptor antagonists and agonists.The time-resolved fluorescence technique, quenching resonance energy transfer (QRET), relies on a single-labeled binding partner in combination with a soluble quencher. The quencher efficiently suppresses the luminescence of the unbound labeled ligand, whereas the luminescence of the bound fraction is not affected. This approach allows the development of cell-based screening assays in a simple and cost-effective manner. The authors have applied the technique to...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Harma, H., Rozwandowicz-Jansen, A., Martikkala, E., Frang, H., Hemmila, I., Sahlberg, N., Fey, V., Perala, M., Hanninen, P. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
DetecTiff(C): A Novel Image Analysis Routine for High-Content Screening MicroscopyEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this article, the authors describe the image analysis software DetecTiff©, which allows fully automated object recognition and quantification from digital images. The core module of the LabView©-based routine is an algorithm for structure recognition that employs intensity thresholding and size-dependent particle filtering from microscopic images in an iterative manner. Detected structures are converted into templates, which are used for quantitative image analysis. DetecTiff © enables processing of multiple detection channels and provides functions for template organization and fast interpretation of acq...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gilbert, D. F., Meinhof, T., Pepperkok, R., Runz, H. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Live-Cell Imaging of Caspase Activation for High-Content ScreeningEmail this article to a colleague.
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Caspases are central to the execution of programmed cell death, and their activation constitutes the biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. In this article, the authors report the successful adaptation of a high-content assay method using the DEVDNucView488TM fluorogenic substrate, and for the first time, they show caspase activation in live cells induced by either drugs or siRNA. The fluorogenic substrate was found to be nontoxic over an exposure period of several days, during which the authors demonstrate automated imaging and quantification of caspase activation of the same cell population as a function of time. Overexpress...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Antczak, C., Takagi, T., Ramirez, C. N., Radu, C., Djaballah, H. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Novel In Vitro Protein Fragment Complementation Assay Applicable to High-Throughput Screening in a 1536-Well FormatEmail this article to a colleague.
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Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play key roles in all cellular processes and hence are useful as potential targets for new drug development. To facilitate the screening of PPI inhibitors as anticancer drugs, the authors have developed a high-throughput screening (HTS) system using an in vitro protein fragment complementation assay (PCA) with monomeric Kusabira-Green fluorescent protein (mKG). The in vitro PCA system was established by the topological formation of a functional complex between 2 split inactive mKG fragments fused to target proteins, which fluoresces when 2 target proteins interact to allow complementatio...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hashimoto, J., Watanabe, T., Seki, T., Karasawa, S., Izumikawa, M., Seki, T., Iemura, S.-I., Natsume, T., Nomura, N., Goshima, N., Miyawaki, A., Takagi, M., Shin-Ya, K. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Test System for Trifunctional Antibodies in 3D MCTS CultureEmail this article to a colleague.
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The aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility of a 3D tumor cell culture model, that is, multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) as an adequate model for micrometastases and therefore as a pharmacological model for efficacy testing of trifunctional therapeutic antibodies. Unlike conventional monolayer cultures, spheroids allow researchers to study parameters, such as 3D cell shape, 3D cell arrangement and microenvironment, and penetration efficiency of defense cells that may largely influence the efficacy of antibody treatment in vivo. The authors established a long-term coculture of human MCTSs with peripheral ...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hirschhaeuser, F., Leidig, T., Rodday, B., Lindemann, C., Mueller-Klieser, W. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Neutralizing Antibodies of Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A Screened from a Fully Synthetic Human Antibody Phage Display LibraryEmail this article to a colleague.
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The botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced by Clostridium botulinum are the most poisonous protein substances known. The neutralizing antibodies against botulinum neurotoxin can effectively prevent and cure the toxicosis. Using purified Hc fragments of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A-Hc) as antigen, 2 specific neutralizing antibodies mapping different epitopes were selected from a fully synthetic human antibody library. The 2 antibodies can effectively inhibit the binding between BoNT/A-Hc and differentiated PC-12 cells in vitro, and the neutralization was evaluated in vivo. Although no single mAb completely protec...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yu, R., Wang, S., Yu, Y.-z., Du, W.-s., Yang, F., Yu, W.-y., Sun, Z.-w. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
A Primer on Screening Data ManagementEmail this article to a colleague.
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A drug discovery startup company or academic lab entering the screening arena faces numerous challenges as it tries to manage the large quantity of data generated by a typical drug discovery screening campaign. Although there are sophisticated off-the-shelf software solutions available, their use requires substantial forethought and attention to detail if the data they capture are to be of sufficient quality to serve the various purposes to which it will be put. For newcomers to the field of screening data management in particular, the problem is compounded by a lack of literature covering the practical aspects of managing...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Palmer, M., Kremer, A., Terstappen, G. C. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Correction for Interference by Test Samples in High-Throughput AssaysEmail this article to a colleague.
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In high-throughput biochemical assays performed in multiwell plates, the effect of test samples on the activity of the biochemical system is usually measured by optical means such as absorbance, fluorescence, luminescence, or scintillation counting. The test sample often causes detection interference when it remains in the well during the measurement. Interference may be due to light absorption, fluorescence quenching, sample fluorescence, chemical interaction of the sample with a detection reagent, or depression of the meniscus. A simple method is described that corrects for such interference well by well. The interferenc...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shapiro, A. B., Walkup, G. K., Keating, T. A. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Establishing Quality Assurance Criteria for Serial Dilution Operations on Liquid-Handling EquipmentEmail this article to a colleague.
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Since the advent of high-throughput screening (HTS) in the early 1990s, parallel multichannel liquid handlers have become a mainstay in every drug discovery setting. Although several peer-reviewed publications have discussed methods and criteria for stamping multiwell copies, there is very little information about establishing a standard operating procedure (SOP) for standard (microliter-level) serial dilutions of compounds used in dose-response experiments. The authors discuss the 4 main criteria any serial dilution process must pass (accuracy, precision, fold dilution, and outliers) and the process for establishing thres...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Popa-Burke, I., Lupotsky, B., Boyer, J., Gannon, W., Hughes, R., Kadwill, P., Lyerly, D., Nichols, J., Nixon, E., Rimmer, D., Saiz-Nicolas, I., Sanfiz-Pinto, B., Holland, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Product Focus: Software, Databases, and Information ServicesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
2009-2010 Meetings CalendarEmail this article to a colleague.
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Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Society UpdatesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Mechanism-Based Inhibition: Deriving KI and kinact Directly from Time-Dependent IC50 ValuesEmail this article to a colleague.
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The potential of enzyme inhibition of a drug is frequently quantified in terms of IC50 values. Although this is a suitable quantity for reversible inhibitors, concerns arise when dealing with irreversible or mechanism-based inhibitors (MBIs). IC50 values of MBIs are time dependent, causing serious problems when aiming at ranking different compounds with respect to their inhibitory potential. As a consequence, most studies and ranking schemes related to MBIs rely on the inhibition constant (KI) and the rate of enzyme inactivation (kinact) rather than on IC50 values. In this article, the authors derive a novel relation betwe...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Krippendorff, B.-F., Neuhaus, R., Lienau, P., Reichel, A., Huisinga, W. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals
Bone morphogenetic proteins in development and progression of breast cancer and therapeutic potential (review).Email this article to a colleague.
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Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-beta superfamily, which plays important roles in foetal and postnatal development and also maintains the homeostasis of various tissues and organs. Due to the critical role played by BMPs in bone formation and bone turnover, the implication of these molecules in bone metastasis has been intensively studied over the past decade. BMPs have been implicated in the development and progression of solid tumours, particularly the disease-specific bone metastasis. In breast cancer, a tumour type which most commonly metastasizes to bones, aberrations of both BMP expression and...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ye L, Bokobza SM, Jiang WG Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
STEAP4 regulates focal adhesion kinase activation and CpG motifs within STEAP4 promoter region are frequently methylated in DU145, human androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we report that STEAP4 expression is able to inhibit anchorage-independent cell growth. We also demonstrate that STEAP4 associates with focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and regulate the activity of FAK through Y397 phosphorylation. Furthermore, we show that CpG sequences in STEAP4 promoter region were frequently methylated in DU145, androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Demethylation treatment induced STEAP4 expression in DU145, suggesting the possibility that STEAP4 expression in cancer cells is in part epigenetically regulated. Collectively, these data demonstrate a novel function of STEAP4 and that STEAP4...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tamura T, Chiba J Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Role of Kenae/CCDC125 in cell motility through the deregulation of RhoGTPase.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we performed immunoscreening using the serum from a patient with Isaac's syndrome and identified the novel gene named Kenae/CCDC125. Expression analysis of Kenae/CCDC125 revealed that its transcript was highly expressed in tissues associated with the immune system, such as the thymus, spleen and bone marrow. In cells stably expressing Kenae/CCDC125, delay in cell motility and deregulation of RhoGTPase (RhoA, Rac1 and cdc42) activity to extracellular stimuli were demonstrated. These results suggest that the novel gene, Kenae/CCDC125, acts as a regulator of cell motility through RhoA, Rac1 and cdc42.
PMID:...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Araya N, Arimura H, Kawahara K, Yagishita N, Ishida J, Fujii R, Aratani S, Fujita H, Sato T, Yamano Y, Higuchi I, Osame M, Nishioka K, Fukamizu A, Arimura K, Maruyama I, Nakajima T Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Differences in gene expression between individuals with multiple primary and single primary malignancies.Email this article to a colleague.
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Cytogenetic and molecular studies have identified imbalanced chromosomal regions leading to the characterization of several candidate genes. Differences in gene expression were examined in the blood by whole genome microarray analysis among individuals with double or single primary malignancies and healthy individuals. Twenty-four individuals with at least two primary malignancies of the breast and/or colon and/or ovary were compared with 32 individuals with single breast, colon or ovarian cancer. The single malignancy group had a median duration of disease of 9 years (range 5-23 years). Validation was obtained by exam...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Stathopoulos GP, Armakolas A Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma induces apoptosis on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells via downregulation of XIAP.Email this article to a colleague.
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In the present study we investigated the in vitro apoptosis inducing effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) ligand ciglitazone (CGZ) on acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) NB4 cells and its mechanisms of action. The results revealed that CGZ (10-50 micromol/l) inhibited the growth of leukemia NB4 cells and caused apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Apoptosis was observed clearly by flow cytometry (FCM) and DNA fragmentation analysis. After treatment by CGZ for 48 h, the percentage of disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim) was increased in a dose-dependent...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Liu JJ, Guo YW, Fang ZG, Si XN, Wu XY, Liu PQ, Lin DJ, Xiao RZ, Xu Y, Wang CZ, Li XD, He Y, Huang RW Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Novel synthetic inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity that inhibit tumor cell proliferation and are structurally unrelated to existing statins.Email this article to a colleague.
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Pilot-scale libraries of eight-membered medium ring lactams (MRLs) and related tricyclic compounds (either seven-membered lactams, thiolactams or amines) were screened for their ability to inhibit the catalytic activity of human recombinant 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in vitro. A dozen of the synthetic compounds mimic the inhibition of purified HMG-CoA reductase activity caused by pravastatin, fluvastatin and sodium salts of lovastatin, mevastatin and simvastatin in this cell-free assay, suggesting direct interaction with the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. Moreover, seve...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Perchellet JP, Perchellet EM, Crow KR, Buszek KR, Brown N, Ellappan S, Gao G, Luo D, Minatoya M, Lushington GH Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Inhibition of angiogenesis in lipodermatosclerosis: implication for venous ulcer formation.Email this article to a colleague.
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Lipodermatosclerosis refers to skin induration of the lower extremities characterized by tortuous, hyperpermeable vessels preceding venous leg ulcerations. Protein ligands and receptor tyrosine kinases that specifically regulate endothelial cell function are mainly involved in physiological as well as in disease-related angiogenesis. These ligand/receptor systems include the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the angiopoietin (Ang) families and their receptor the tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like domains (Tie-2) as well as the VEGF receptor family (VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2). In the present study, the contr...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Herouy Y, Kreis S, Mueller T, Duerk T, Martiny-Baron G, Reusch P, May F, Idzko M, Norgauer Y Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Mitochondria-mediated tumstatin peptide-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis.Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, peptide 19 induced HepG2 cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
PMID: 19787199 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Liu Y, Li J, Xu H, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu X Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Copper ions regulate cytotoxicity of disulfiram to myeloid leukemia cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we investigated the cell density-dependent induction of apoptosis of human acute myeloid leukemia U937 and ML-1 cells by disulfiram (DSF), the dithiocarbamate drug recently proposed for treatment of human cancers. This effect is dependent on uptake of extracellular copper and its intracellular accumulation. High-density cells cannot uptake and accumulate this metal to a sufficient level that would allow induction of apoptosis due to progressive decrease of its extracellular concentration. Simple addition of copper can resume sensitivity of high-density leukemic cells to DSF and improve efficiency of anti-leu...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Navrátilová J, Jungová P, Vanhara P, Preisler J, Kanicky V, Smarda J Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
The bone anabolic carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin enhances transforming growth factor-beta1-induced SMAD activation in MC3T3 preosteoblasts.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study suggests that the carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin may promote osteoblast differentiation and activity by amplifying TGF-beta1-induced lineage commitment of osteoblast precursors.
PMID: 19787201 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yamaguchi M, Weitzmann MN Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Frequent expression of the high molecular, 673-bp CD44v3,v8-10 variant in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas.Email this article to a colleague.
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CD44 is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in the interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix. A large variety of alternatively spliced CD44 variants are expressed by different tumors with possible implication for tumor progression, formation of metastasis and survival. In colon carcinomas, previous reports described higher molecular bands of CD44 transcripts in neoplastic colonic tissue, although a complete analysis of multiple combinations of CD44v transcripts were not performed. We therefore analyzed the pattern of CD44 standard and variant (v2-v10) transcripts in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas by ...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kopp R, Fichter M, Schalhorn G, Danescu J, Classen S Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Suppression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 by recombinant adeno-associated viruses carrying siRNAs in hepatic stellate cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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Elevated tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 expression contributes to excess production of extracellular matrix in liver fibrosis. However, there are few studies on sustained suppression of TIMP-1. We aimed to construct a recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of TIMP-1 and investigate the long-term effects of RNA interference upon the TIMP-1 gene in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Five siRNA oligomers targeting rat TIMP-1 were designed and transfected into HSCs. A U6 promoter followed by the siRNA which had the strongest suppression effect was cloned into the A...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cong M, Liu T, Wang P, Xu Y, Tang S, Wang B, Jia J, Liu Y, Hermonat PL, You H Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Implications of antioxidant enzymes in human gastric neoplasms.Email this article to a colleague.
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The present study is the first to evaluate the expression and activity of MnSOD, Cu/ZnSOD and catalase in human gastric samples, since ROS play a significant role in the pathogenesis of different forms of malignancy inducing mutations and various diseases such as gastric cancer. Biopsies and surgical samples from 53 patients (male/female 22/31, mean age 56.5+/-15.8 years) consisted of 15 healthy, 12 autoimmune atrophic gastritis, 10 Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, 8 HP-negative chronic gastritis (CG) and 8 adenocarcinoma cases. Enzyme activity and expression were evaluated by spectrophotometry and immunoblotting af...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Monari M, Foschi J, Calabrese C, Liguori G, Di Febo G, Rizzello F, Gionchetti P, Trinchero A, Serrazanetti GP Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Association of genetic variants with myocardial infarction in individuals with or without hypertension or diabetes mellitus.Email this article to a colleague.
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Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are important risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI). The purpose of the present study was to identify genetic variants that confer susceptibility to MI in individuals with or without hypertension or diabetes mellitus, thereby contributing to the personalized prevention of MI in such individuals. The study population comprised 5,835 unrelated Japanese individuals, including 1,339 subjects with MI and 4,496 controls. The 150 polymorphisms were selected by genome-wide association studies of MI and ischemic stroke with the use of the GeneChip Human Mapping 500K Array Set. The genoty...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yoshida T, Kato K, Yokoi K, Oguri M, Watanabe S, Metoki N, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Aoyagi Y, Nozawa Y, Yamada Y Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
Antitumor activity of asukamycin, a secondary metabolite from the actinomycete bacterium Streptomyces nodosus subspecies asukaensis.Email this article to a colleague.
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Asukamycin, a manumycin-type metabolite, was isolated by a rapid and easily scalable purification scheme. Thus far, studies on the biological activity of asukamycin have been limited to its role as an antibacterial and antifungal agent. By using five different tumor cell lines we demonstrate antineoplastic activity of asukamycin. It inhibited cell growth at concentrations similar to other members of the manumycin family (IC50 1-5 microM). Cytotoxicity of asukamycin was accompanied by activation of caspases 8 and 3 and was diminished by SB 202190, a specific p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. These d...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shipley PR, Donnelly CC, Le CH, Bernauer AD, Klegeris A Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
JNK and p38 inhibitors increase and decrease apoptosis, respectively, in pyrogallol-treated calf pulmonary arterial endothelial cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, PG induced apoptosis via the loss of MMP (DeltaPsi(m)) in CPAEC, which is accompanied by GSH depletion. JNK and p38 inhibitors increased and decreased apoptosis in PG-treated CPAEC, respectively, which were correlated with GSH depletion.
PMID: 19787207 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Han YH, Moon HJ, You BR, Kim SZ, Kim SH, Park WH Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: journals
FOXP3 expression of micrometastasis-positive sentinel nodes in breast cancer patients.Email this article to a colleague.
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A number of methods have been established for identifying sentinel nodes (SNs). In the present study, we attempted to clarify the immunological status of SNs with or without micrometastasis in breast cancer patients. SNs were identified by the dye- and gamma probe-guided method. Total RNA was extracted from the SNs, and the expression of T-BET, GATA-3, and FOXP3 were evaluated using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Micrometastasis was identified as microscopically negative but positive by RT-PCR specific for mammaglobin. Of 88 patients, 17 (19.3%) showed positive metastas...
Source: Molecular Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Matsuura K, Yamaguchi Y, Osaki A, Ohara M, Okita R, Emi A, Murakami S, Arihiro K Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: journals
A critical role of activin A in maturation of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro and in vivo.Email this article to a colleague.
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Activin A, a multifunctional factor of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, is mainly produced by microglia and macrophages, and its anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory activities are both related to macrophage functions. However the direct effect of activin A on the rest macrophages in vivo remains unclear. In the present study, the results showed that activin A not only increased NO and IL-1beta release, but also promoted phagocytic abilities of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro and in vivo, whereas it did not influence MHC I and MHC II expression. Moreover, we found that activin A signi...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang Y, Cui X, Tai G, Ge J, Li N, Chen F, Yu F, Liu Z Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: journals
Inhibition of NF-kappaB expression and allergen-induced airway inflammation in a mouse allergic asthma model by andrographolide.Email this article to a colleague.
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Andrographolide from traditional Chinese herbal medicines previously showed it possesses a strong anti-inflammatory activity. In present study, we investigated whether Andrographolide could inhibit allergen-induced airway inflammation and airways hyper-responsiveness and explored the mechanism of Andrographolide on allergen-induced airway inflammation and airways hyper-responsiveness. After sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin, the BALB/c mice were administered intraperitoneally with Andrographolide. Hyper-responsiveness was recorded. The lung tissues were assessed by histological examinations. NF-kappaB in lung was ...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Li J, Luo L, Wang X, Liao B, Li G Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: journals
EBV-induced human CD8(+) NKT cells synergise CD4(+) NKT cells suppressing EBV-associated tumours upon induction of Th1-bias.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we have established a human-thymus-SCID chimaera model to further investigate the underlying mechanism of EBV-induced CD8(+) NKT cells in suppressing EBV-associated malignancies. In the human-thymus-SCID chimera, EBV-induced CD8(+) NKT cells suppress EBV-associated malignancies in a manner dependent on the Th1-bias response and syngeneic CD3(+) T cells. However, adoptive transfer with CD4(+) NKT cells alone inhibits T cell immunity. Interestingly, CD4(+) NKT cells themselves secrete high levels of IL-2, enhancing the persistence of adoptively transferred CD8(+) NKT cells and T cells, thereby leading to a mor...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiao W, Li L, Zhou R, Xiao R, Wang Y, Ji X, Wu M, Wang L, Huang W, Zheng X, Tan X, Chen L, Xiong T, Xiong J, Jin Y, Tan J, He Y Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: journals
Elevated levels of serum IgA against Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study was undertaken to investigate whether levels of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan antibodies (ASCMA) in human sera, a marker for several autoimmune diseases, correlate with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ASCMA-IgA, -IgG and -IgM levels were measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in patients with RA (n = 30) and 152 healthy adult controls. ASCMA-IgA prevalence was significantly higher in RA patients (40%) than in healthy subjects (5.3%). A strong correlation between levels of ASCMA-IgA and CRP (r = 0.695; p < 0.01) and ESR (r = 0.708; p < 0.01) in RA patients was observed. No significant di...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Dai H, Li Z, Zhang Y, Lv P, Gao XM Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: journals
Leptin signaling protects NK cells from apoptosis during development in mouse bone marrow.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we have characterized NK cell differentiation and maturation in the BM of leptin-receptor deficient db/db mice at a prediabetic stage. Although the BM cellularity was similar to the control value, the total number of NK cells was severely reduced in mutant mice. Flow cytometric analysis of db/db BM cells revealed significantly decreased frequencies of developing NK cells at various stages of differentiation. BM db/db NK cells displayed markedly increased apoptosis but maintained normal cell cycling status and proliferative capacity. Moreover, recombinant leptin could significantly enhance the survival of NK ...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lo CK, Lam QL, Yang M, Ko KH, Sun L, Ma R, Wang S, Xu H, Tam S, Wu CY, Zheng BJ, Lu L Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: journals
MicroRNA-155 regulates inflammatory cytokine production in tumor-associated macrophages via targeting C/EBPbeta.Email this article to a colleague.
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Macrophages (Mphi) are prominent components of solid tumors and exhibit distinct phenotypes in different microenvironments. We have recently found that tumors can alter the normal developmental process of Mphi to trigger transient activation of monocytes, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we showed that the protein expression of transcription factor C/EBPbeta was markedly elevated in tumor-associated Mphi both in vitro and human tumors in situ. The expression of C/EBP protein correlated with cytokine production in tumor-activated monocytes. Moreover, we found that C/EBPbeta exp...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - October 1, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: He M, Xu Z, Ding T, Kuang DM, Zheng L Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: journals
