Molecular Biology
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 8.
A novel phenotype-based approach for systematically screening antiproliferation metallodrugs.
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In this study, zebrafish were employed as a whole-organism model to screen new Ru compounds for anti-cell proliferation activity. After soaking fish embryos in cisplatin and five Ru derivatives, [Ru(terpy)(bpy)Cl]Cl, [Ru(terpy)(dppz)OH(2)](ClO(4))(2), [Ru(terpy)(tMen)OH(2)](ClO(4))(2), [Ru(terpy)(Me(4)Phen)OH(2)](ClO(4))(2), and Ru(bpy)(2)Cl(2), only cisplatin and [Ru(terpy)(bpy)Cl]Cl-treated embryos displayed obvious phenotypic effects, such as fin-reduction. After further modification of [Ru(terpy)(bpy)Cl]Cl's main structure and the synthesis of two structurally related compounds, [Ru(terpy)(dcbpyH(2))Cl]Cl and [Ru(terpy...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang YH, Cheng CC, Lee WJ, Chiou ML, Pai CW, Wen CC, Chen WL, Chen YH Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: journals
Antidiabetic and antilipidemic effect of eremanthin from Costus speciosus (Koen.)Sm., in STZ-induced diabetic rats.Email this article to a colleague.
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The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus worldwide is an issue of major socio-economic concern. Diabetes mellitus is a complex and a multifarious group of disorders that disturbs the metabolism of carbohydrates, fat and protein. Medicinal plants play an important role in the management of diabetes mellitus especially in developing countries. Costus speciosus is widely used in Indian medicine to treat various diseases. Eremanthin was isolated from C. speciosus. The structure was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Eremanthin was administered to streptozotocin (STZ) (50mg/kg bw) ...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Eliza J, Daisy P, Ignacimuthu S, Duraipandiyan V Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: journals
Induced expression of drug metabolizing enzymes by preventive agents: role of the antioxidant response element.Email this article to a colleague.
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Identifying agents that block tumor initiation is a goal of cancer prevention. The ability of a chemically varied group of agents to induce various drug metabolizing genes in livers of rats was examined. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated for 7 days with various agents in the diet or by gavage. The agents examined, which might be expected to respond via specific nuclear receptors (CAR, AhR) as well as antioxidant response elements (AREs), included Phase I/II inducers [5,6-benzoflavone (BF, 5000mg/kg diet), diallyl sulfide (DAS, 500mg/kg BW/day), ethoxyquin (EXO, 300mg/kg BW/day) and phenobarbital (PB, 500mg/kg diet)] or ...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lubet RA, Yao R, Grubbs CJ, You M, Wang Y Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: journals
Modulation of arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis by genistein and functionally related agents in U937 human leukaemia cells. Regulation by ROS and mitogen-activated protein kinases.Email this article to a colleague.
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The proved radio- and chemo-sensitizing capacity of genistein supports the potential use of this isoflavone in antitumour therapies. In this regard, we recently reported that genistein potentiates apoptosis induction by the anti-leukaemic agent arsenic trioxide (ATO) via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and p38-MAPK activation. In the present study we analyze the action of agents sharing functional similarities with the isoflavone, namely 17-beta-estradiol, the DNA topoisomerase II poison etoposide, and the tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors herbimycin A, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and adaphostin, in U937 ...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sánchez Y, Calle C, de Blas E, Aller P Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: journals
Effect of acute and chronic administration of progesterone, estrogen, FSH and LH on oxidant and antioxidant parameters in rat gastric tissue.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study was conducted to investigate whether gastro-protective and gastro-toxic effects of acute and chronic administration of progesterone, estrogen, FSH and LH were related to oxidant and antioxidant parameters. Chronic administration of progesterone at a low dose (1mg/kg), which probably could not stimulate progesterone receptors (PRs), inhibited oxidative stress of FSH in gastric tissue by suppressing FSH. Progesterone (5mg/kg) may have been caused oxidative stress as reflected by PR stimulation. FSH may have decreased antioxidant parameters and increased oxidant parameters via PRs. Chronic administration of low dos...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kumtepe Y, Borekci B, Karaca M, Salman S, Alp HH, Suleyman H Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: journals
Anti-angiogenic actions of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, a nuclear factor kappa B inhibitorEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we tested the anti-angiogenic properties
of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a NF-κB inhibitor, using established in vitro and ex vivo assays in human umbilical
vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human metastatic RCC cell lines (ACHN and SN12K1). In vitro, PDTC inhibited proliferation,
capillary tube formation, invasion and trans-differentiation of HUVEC. Ex vivo, PDTC blocked vessel sprouting from aortic
explants and disrupted the integrity of pre-formed vessels. PDTC also inhibited the adhesion of HUVEC and RCC cells to substratum
and inhibited their invasion. PDTC inhibited RCC-induced proliferat...
Source: Angiogenesis - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Angiogenesis Source Type: journals
Trypanocidal drugs: mechanisms, resistance and new targetsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Review ArticlesShane R. Wilkinson, John M. Kelly, Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, Volume 11 , pp e31AbstractThe protozoan parasites Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi are the causative agents of African trypanosomiasis and Chagas disease, respectively. These are debilitating infections that exert a considerable health burden on some of the poorest people on the planet. Treatment of trypanosome infections is dependent on a small number of drugs that have limited efficacy and can cause severe side effects. Here, we review the properties of these drugs and describe new findings on their modes of action and the mec...
Source: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: journals
Synthetic cells and organelles: compartmentalization strategiesEmail this article to a colleague.
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The recent development of RNA replicating protocells and capsules that enclose complex biosynthetic cascade reactions are encouraging signs that we are gradually getting better at mastering the complexity of biological systems. The road to truly cellular compartments is still very long, but concrete progress is being made. Compartmentalization is a crucial natural methodology to enable control over biological processes occurring within the living cell. In fact, compartmentalization has been considered by some theories to be instrumental in the creation of life. With the advancement of chemical biology, artificial compartme...
Source: BioEssays - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Renée Roodbeen, Jan C. M. van Hest Source Type: journals
The metalloendopeptidase gene Pitrm1 is regulated by hedgehog signaling in the developing mouse limb and is expressed in muscle progenitorsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Pitrm1 is a zinc metalloendopeptidase that has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease and mitochondrial peptide degradation, but to date no major role in embryonic development has been documented. In a screen for genes regulated by hedgehog signaling in the mouse limb, we showed that expression of Pitrm1 is upregulated in response to loss of the Gli3 transcription factor. Here we confirm spatial changes in Pitrm1 expression in the Gli3 mutant mouse limb and examine Pitrm1 expression in Shh null and Ptch1 conditional deletion mouse mutants. In wild-type mice, Pitrm1 is expressed in a number of developing tissues known to be...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Liam Town, Edwina McGlinn, Salvatore Fiorenza, Vicki Metzis, Natalie C. Butterfield, Joy M. Richman, Carol Wicking Source Type: journals
Mirabilins revisited: polyketide alkaloids from a southern Australian marine sponge, Clathria sp.Email this article to a colleague.
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Mohamed El-Naggar, Melissa Conte, Robert J. Capon
(Paper from Org. Biomol. Chem.)
Mohamed El-Naggar, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2010, DOI: 10.1039/b915624k
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Source: RSC - Organic Biomolecular Chemistry - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mohamed El-NaggarMelissa Conte Robert J. Capon Source Type: journals
Neutral push-pull chromophores for nonlinear optical imaging of cell membranesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Cyril Barsu, Rouba Cheaib, Stephane Chambert, Yves Queneau, Olivier Maury, Davy Cottet, Hartmut Wege, Julien Douady, Yann Bretonniere, Chantal Andraud
(Paper from Org. Biomol. Chem.)
Cyril Barsu, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2010, DOI: 10.1039/b915654b
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Source: RSC - Organic Biomolecular Chemistry - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cyril BarsuRouba Cheaib Stephane Chambert Yves Queneau Olivier Maury Davy Cottet Hartmut Wege Julien Douady Yann Bretonniere Chantal Andraud Source Type: journals
Validation of reference genes for quantitative expression analysis by real-time RT-PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiaeEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
In this work, we provided a set of genes that are suitable reference genes for quantitative gene expression analysis by real-time RT-PCR in yeast biological samples covering a large panel of physiological states. In contrast, we invalidated and discourage the use of ACT1 as well as other commonly used reference genes (PDA1, TDH3, RDN18, etc) as internal controls for quantitative gene expression analysis in yeast.
Source: BMC Molecular Biology - Latest articles - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Marie-Ange TesteManon DuquenneJean FrancoisJean-Luc Parrou Source Type: journals
Dorsal closure in Drosophila: cells cannot get out of the tight spotEmail this article to a colleague.
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Dorsal closure (DC), the closure of a hole in the dorsal epidermis of Drosophila embryos by the joining of opposing epithelial cell sheets, has been used as a model process to study the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying epithelial spreading and wound healing. Recent studies have provided novel insights into how different tissues function cooperatively in this process. Specifically, they demonstrate a critical function of the epidermis surrounding the hole in modulating the behavior of the amnioserosa cells inside. These findings shed light not only on the mechanisms by which the behavior of different tissues is ...
Source: BioEssays - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Carl-Philipp Heisenberg Source Type: journals
Cyclic Nrarp mRNA expression is regulated by the somitic oscillator but Nrarp protein levels do not oscillateEmail this article to a colleague.
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Somites are formed progressively from the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) in a highly regulated process according to a strict periodicity driven by an oscillatory mechanism. The Notch and Wnt pathways are key components in the regulation of this somitic oscillator and data from Xenopus and zebrafish embryos indicate that the Notch-downstream target Nrarp participates in the regulation of both activities. We have analyzed Nrarp/nrarp-a expression in the PSM of chick, mouse and zebrafish embryos, and we show that it cycles in synchrony with other Notch regulated cyclic genes. In the mouse its transcription is both Wnt- and Notch-d...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: David Wright, Zoltan Ferjentsik, Shang-Wei Chong, Xuehui Qiu, Yun-Jin Jiang, Pascale Malapert, Olivier Pourquié, Nick Van Hateren, Stuart A. Wilson, Claudio Franco, Holger Gerhardt, J. Kim Dale, Miguel Maroto Source Type: journals
Robust marking of photoreceptor cells and pinealocytes with several reporters under control of the Crx geneEmail this article to a colleague.
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Crx is a member of the Otx family of homeobox genes with expression restricted to vertebrate retinal photoreceptor and bipolar cells as well as the pinealocytes of the pineal organ. To facilitate the visualization of Crx-expressing cells, we generated transgenic mice expressing several reporters under the control of the Crx regulatory sequences present within a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). These mice expand the transgenic mouse collection, which uses photoreceptor regulatory elements for reporter gene expression by providing a broader repertoire of reporter genes. In addition, because Crx is expressed very soon a...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Maria Samson, Mark M. Emerson, Constance L. Cepko Source Type: journals
Targeted antitumor effect induced by hTERT promoter mediated ODC antisense adenovirus.Email this article to a colleague.
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The expression of Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) which is the first key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis is increased in cancer cells. We had blocked the polyamine synthesis pathway using the adenoviral-mediated antisense ODC in some cancer cells such as prostate cancers and colorectal cancers. These researches demonstrated that ODC antisense expression could inhibit tumor cell growth. In order to reach the goal of applying the targeting gene therapy in clinical practice, we cloned the antisense ODC RNA which was driven by cancer specific promoter (hTERT promoter; telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter) into the aden...
Source: Molecular Biology Reports - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang W, Jin B, Li W, Xu CX, Cui FA, Liu B, Yan YF, Liu XX, Wang XL Tags: Mol Biol Rep Source Type: journals
In silico cloning, expression of Rieske-like apoprotein gene and protein subcellular localization in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas.Email this article to a colleague.
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Rieske protein gene in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas was obtained by in silico cloning for the first time, and its expression profiles and subcellular localization were determined, respectively. The full-length cDNA of Cgisp is 985 bp in length and contains a 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of 35 and 161 bp, respectively, with an open reading frame of 786 bp encoding a protein of 262 amino acids. The predicted molecular weight of 30 kDa of Cgisp protein was verified by prokaryotic expression. Conserved Rieske [2Fe-2S] cluster binding sites and highly matched-pair tertiary structure with 3CWB_E (Gallus gallus) we...
Source: Molecular Biology Reports - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: He X, Zhang Y, Yu Z Tags: Mol Biol Rep Source Type: journals
Leptin plays a catabolic role on articular cartilage.Email this article to a colleague.
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Leptin has been shown to play a crucial role in the regulation of body weight. There is also evidence that this adipokine plays a key role in the process of osteoarthritis. However, the precise role of leptin on articular cartilage metabolism is not clear. We investigate the role of leptin on articular cartilage in vivo in this study. Recombinant rat leptin (100 mug) was injected into the knee joints of rats, 48 h later, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and protein levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2, MMP-9), cathepsin D, an...
Source: Molecular Biology Reports - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Bao JP, Chen WP, Feng J, Hu PF, Shi ZL, Wu LD Tags: Mol Biol Rep Source Type: journals
Cloning and expression analysis of a pollen preferential rapid alkalinization factor gene, BoRALF1, from broccoli flowers.Email this article to a colleague.
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Rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs) are recently reported active peptide hormones and are considered to play important roles in plant development. We previously identified a differentially expressed cDNA fragment between cabbage flower buds of sterility lines and its maintainer line, which showed significant homology to Arabidopsis RALFL9. The novel RALF cDNA (BoRALF1) was isolated from broccoli flower buds by EST assembly. The open reading frame (ORF) comprises 240 bp, encoding a small putative preprotein of 79 amino acids (molecular weight of 8.72 kDa and a pI of 7.8), which contains the mature polypeptide at its C ...
Source: Molecular Biology Reports - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zhang GY, Wu J, Wang XW Tags: Mol Biol Rep Source Type: journals
Suppressing IL-32 in monocytes impairs the induction of the proinflammatory cytokines TNFalpha and IL-1beta.Email this article to a colleague.
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Targeting major proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1beta and TNFalpha is of great interest in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, and psoriasis. The cytokine Interleukin (IL)-32 induces proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and chemokines. We previously used an IL-32 ligand-affinity column to purify proteinase 3, which is abundantly expressed in neutrophil and monocytic leukocytes but not in other cell types, and found that IL-32 is mainly produced by monocytic leukocytes. This evidence suggested that silencing endogenous IL-32 by short hairpin R...
Source: Cytokine - October 30, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hong J, Bae S, Kang Y, Yoon D, Bai X, Chan ED, Azam T, Dinarello CA, Lee S, Her E, Rho G, Kim S Tags: Cytokine Source Type: journals
Apoptosis: focus on sea urchin developmentEmail this article to a colleague.
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Abstract It has been proposed that the apoptosis is an essential requirement for the evolution of all animals, in fact the apoptotic
program is highly conserved from nematodes to mammals. Throughout development, apoptosis is employed by multicellular organisms
to eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells. Here, we will discuss both developmental programmed cell death (PCD) under normal
conditions and stress induced apoptosis, in sea urchin embryos. Sea urchin represent an excellent model system for studying
embryogenesis and cellular processes involved in metamorphosis. PCD plays an essential role in sculpting ...
Source: Apoptosis - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Apoptosis Source Type: journals
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST): the clinical implications of cellular signalling pathwaysEmail this article to a colleague.
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Review ArticlesDaniela Katz, Alexander Lazar, Dina Lev, Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, Volume 11 , pp e30AbstractMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) is a rare malignancy accounting for 3 13% of NF1 patients develop MPNSTs, which are the leading cause of NF1-related mortality. Surgical resection is the mainstay of MPNST clinical management. However, because of invasive growth, propensity to metastasise, and limited sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation, MPNST has a guarded to poor prognosis. Five-year survival rates of only 20 50% indicate an urgent need for improved therapeutic approaches. Recent wo...
Source: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: journals
Cellular and transcriptional responses of yeast to the cleavage of cytosolic tRNAs induced by colicin DEmail this article to a colleague.
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Colicin D is a plasmid-encoded antibacterial protein that specifically cleaves the anticodon loops of four Escherichia coli tRNAArg species. Here, we report that the catalytic domain of colicin D, which is expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, impairs cell growth by cleaving specific tRNAs. DNA microarray analysis revealed that mating-related genes were upregulated, while genes involved in a range of metabolic processes were downregulated, thereby impairing cell growth. The pheromone-signalling pathway was activated only in [alpha] cells by tRNA cleavage, which was not observed in 'a' cells or diploid cells. On the basis ...
Source: Yeast - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Megumi Shigematsu, Tetsuhiro Ogawa, Atsuhiro Kido, Hiroko K. Kitamoto, Makoto Hidaka, Haruhiko Masaki Source Type: journals
Effect of the allylic substituents on ring closing metathesis: the total synthesis of stagonolide B and 4-epi-stagonolide BEmail this article to a colleague.
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Awadut G. Giri, Mohabul A. Mondal, Vedavati G. Puranik, Chepuri V. Ramana
(Paper from Org. Biomol. Chem.)
Awadut G. Giri, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2010, DOI: 10.1039/b916198h
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Source: RSC - Organic Biomolecular Chemistry - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Awadut G. GiriMohabul A. Mondal Vedavati G. Puranik Chepuri V. Ramana Source Type: journals
Asymmetric Michael addition reaction of 3-substituted-N-Boc oxindoles to activated terminal alkenes catalyzed by a bifunctional tertiary-amine thiourea catalystEmail this article to a colleague.
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Xin Li, Zhi-Guo Xi, Sanzhong Luo, Jin-Pei Cheng
(Paper from Org. Biomol. Chem.)
Xin Li, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2010, DOI: 10.1039/b918644a
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Source: RSC - Organic Biomolecular Chemistry - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xin LiZhi-Guo Xi Sanzhong Luo Jin-Pei Cheng Source Type: journals
In vivo evidence that truncated trkB.T1 participates in nociceptionEmail this article to a colleague.
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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a central nervous system modulator of nociception. In animal models of chronic pain, BDNF exerts its effects on nociceptive processing by binding to the full-length receptor tropomyosin-related kinase B (trkB.FL) and transducing intracellular signaling to produce nocifensive behaviors. In addition to trkB.FL, the trkB locus also produces a widely-expressed alternatively-spliced truncated isoform, trkB.T1. TrkB.T1 binds BDNF with high affinity; however the unique 11 amino acid intracellular cytoplasmic tail lacks the kinase domain of trkB.FL. Recently, trkB.T1 was shown to be spec...
Source: Molecular Pain - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cynthia RennCarmen LeitchSusan Dorsey Source Type: journals
iTriplet, a rule-based nucleic acid sequence motif finderEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion:
iTriplet is a novel rule-based combinatorial or enumerative motif finding method that is able to process highly degenerate and long motifs that have resisted analysis by other methods. In addition, iTriplet is distinguished from other methods of the same family by its parallelizability, which allows it to leverage the power of today's readily available high-performance computing systems.
Source: Algorithms for Molecular Biology - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Eric HoChristopher JakubowskiSamuel Gunderson Source Type: journals
Iron metabolism: microbes, mouse, and manEmail this article to a colleague.
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Recent advances in research on iron metabolism have revealed the identity of a number of genes, signal transduction pathways, and proteins involved in iron regulation in mammals. The emerging paradigm is a coordination of homeostasis within a network of classical iron metabolic pathways and other cellular processes such as cell differentiation, growth, inflammation, immunity, and a host of physiologic and pathologic conditions. Iron, immunity, and infection are intricately linked and their regulation is fundamental to the survival of mammals. The mutual dependence on iron by the host and invading pathogenic organisms elici...
Source: BioEssays - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gladys O. Latunde-Dada Source Type: journals
A molecular model of chromatin organisation and transcription: how a multi-RNA polymerase II machine transcribes and remodels the [beta]-globin locus during developmentEmail this article to a colleague.
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We present a molecular model of eukaryotic gene transcription. For the [beta]-globin locus, we hypothesise that a transcription machine composed of multiple RNA polymerase II (PolII) assembles using the locus control region as a foundation. Transcription and locus remodelling can be achieved by pulling DNA through this multi-PolII 'reading head'. Once a transcription complex is formed, it may engage an active gene in several rounds of transcription. Observed intergenic sense and antisense transcripts may be the result of PolII pulling the DNA through the reading head whilst searching for the promoter of a gene. Support for...
Source: BioEssays - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hua Wong, Peter J Winn, Julien Mozziconacci Source Type: journals
Characterization of the expression pattern of the PRC2 core subunit Suz12 during embryonic development of Xenopus laevisEmail this article to a colleague.
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The Polycomb repressive complex 2 is a multimeric aggregate that mediates silencing of a broad range of genes, and is associated with important biological contexts such as stem cell maintenance and cancer progression. PRC2 mainly trimethylates lysine 27 of histone H3 and is composed of three essential core subunits: EZH2, EED, and SUZ12. The Xenopus orthologs of PRC2 subunits Ezh2 and Eed have been described but Suz12 remained unidentified. Here, we report the cloning of the Xenopus Suz12, and determine its spatiotemporal expression during development. Xsuz12 transcript is provided maternally and continues to be expressed ...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Issam Aldiri, Monica L. Vetter Source Type: journals
Postnatal lung development of rhesus monkey airways: Cellular expression of Clara cell secretory proteinEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study's rationale is to define the distribution and abundance of CCSP in the airway epithelium of the rhesus monkey during postnatal lung development using carefully controlled site-specific morphometric approaches in defined airway regions. Immunoreactive CCSP was found in nonciliated cells and mucous cells, including glands, throughout the airway epithelium at all ages, with proximal and mid-level airways having the highest labeling. Overall airway CCSP levels were low at 1 week and 1 month, doubled between 1 and 3 months, and changed little from 3 months to 3 years. Thus, the critical developmental window for CCSP ...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: John T. Coppens, Charles G. Plopper, Shannon R. Murphy, Laura S. Van Winkle Source Type: journals
Characterization of p70 S6 kinase 1 in early development of mouse embryosEmail this article to a colleague.
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The mTOR kinase controls cell growth, proliferation, and survival through two distinct multiprotein complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2. p70 S6 Kinase 1 (S6K1) is characterized as downstream effector of mTOR. Until recently, the connection between S6K1 and mTORC1 /mTORC2 during the early development of mouse embryos has not been well elucidated. Here, the expression level of total S6K1 and its phosphorylation at Thr389 was determined in four phases of one-cell embryos. S6K1 was active throughout the cell cycle especially with higher activity in G2 and M phases. Rapamycin decreased the activity of M-phase promoting factor (MPF) and...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiao-Yan Xu, Zhe Zhang, Wen-Hui Su, Yang Zhang, Yan-Qiu Yu, Yan-Xiao Li, Zhi-Hong Zong, Bing-Zhi Yu Source Type: journals
Planar cell polarity effector gene Fuzzy regulates cilia formation and Hedgehog signal transduction in mouseEmail this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, Fuz plays an important role in cilia formation, Hh signal transduction, and embryonic development in mammals. Developmental Dynamics, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Westley Heydeck, Huiqing Zeng, Aimin Liu Source Type: journals
Dynamic patterning at the pylorus: Formation of an epithelial intestine-stomach boundary in late fetal lifeEmail this article to a colleague.
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In the adult mouse, distinct morphological and transcriptional differences separate stomach from intestinal epithelium. Remarkably, the epithelial boundary between these two organs is literally one cell thick. This discrete junction is established suddenly and precisely at embryonic day (E) 16.5, by sharpening a previously diffuse intermediate zone. In the present study, we define the dynamic transcriptome of stomach, pylorus, and intestinal tissues between E14.5 and E16.5. We show that establishment of this boundary is concomitant with the induction of over a thousand genes in intestinal epithelium, and these gene product...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xing Li, Aaron M. Udager, Chunbo Hu, Xiaotan T. Qiao, Neil Richards, Deborah L. Gumucio Source Type: journals
A co-dependent requirement of xBcl9 and Pygopus for embryonic body axis development in XenopusEmail this article to a colleague.
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The Wnt/[beta]-catenin transcriptional activation complex requires the adapter protein Pygopus (Pygo), which links the basal transcription machinery to [beta]-catenin, by its association with legless (Lgs)/ B-cell lymphoma-9 (Bcl9). Pygo was shown to be required for development in vertebrates, but the role of Lgs/Bcl9 is unknown. We identified an amphibian orthologue of Lgs/Bcl9, XBcl9, which interacted biochemically with X[beta]-catenin and XPygo2. The body axis promoting ability of X[beta]-catenin was diminished when residues required for its interaction with XBcl9 were mutated. In blastula embryos, XBcl9 was transiently...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mark W. Kennedy, Sang-Wook Cha, Emmanuel Tadjuidje, Phillip G. Andrews, Janet Heasman, Kenneth R. Kao Source Type: journals
Brn3a regulates the transition from neurogenesis to terminal differentiation and represses non-neural gene expression in the trigeminal ganglionEmail this article to a colleague.
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The POU-domain transcription factor Brn3a is expressed in developing sensory neurons at all levels of the neural axis, including the trigeminal ganglion, hindbrain sensory ganglia, and dorsal root ganglia. Changes in global gene expression in the trigeminal ganglion from E11.5 to E13.5 reflect the repression of early neurogenic genes, exit from the cell cycle, and initiation of the expression of definitive markers of sensory function. A majority of these developmental changes are perturbed in the trigeminal ganglia of Brn3a knockout mice. At E13.5, Brn3a-/- trigeminal neurons fail to repress a battery of developmental regu...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jason Lanier, Iain M. Dykes, Stephanie Nissen, S. Raisa Eng, Eric E. Turner Source Type: journals
Taste bud development and patterning in sighted and blind morphs of Astyanax mexicanusEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study compares the development of taste buds along the jaws of each morph. To determine whether cavefish have an altered onset or rate of taste bud development, we fluorescently labeled basal and receptor cells within taste buds over a developmental series. Our results show that taste bud number increases during development in both morphs. The rate of development is, however, accelerated in cavefish; a small difference in taste bud number exists at 5 dpf reaching threefold by 22 dpf. The expansion of taste buds in cavefish is, therefore, detectable after the onset of eye degeneration. This study provides important ins...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Nirupa Varatharasan, Roger P. Croll, Tamara Franz-Odendaal Source Type: journals
Focal electroporation in ovoEmail this article to a colleague.
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Gene expression fields in embryogenesis are spatially precise and often small, so experimental gene expression often requires similar spatial definition. For in ovo electroporation, typically a gene construct is injected into a natural body cavity in the embryo prior to electroporation. Limited control of the size and location of the electroporated field can be obtained by varying electrode placement and geometry, and by altering the miscibility and viscosity of the construct vehicle but it is difficult to tightly constrain electroporation to small regions. Electroporation of different constructs in close proximity has not...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: J. E. Simkin, S. J. McKeown, D. F. Newgreen Source Type: journals
Kinked tail mutation results in notochord defects in heterozygotes and distal visceral endoderm defects in homozygotesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Proper formation of the anterior-posterior (AP) axis in the developing embryo is critical for the correct patterning and often survival of the organism. In the mouse, an initial step in axis establishment is the specification and migration of the distal visceral endoderm (DVE). We have identified a semi-dominant spontaneous mutation in mouse, named kinked tail (knk), which when heterozygous results in a kinky tail phenotype due to fusions and dysmorphology of the tail vertebrae. Vertebral fusions appear to be a secondary effect of notochord thickening and branching in the tail region. Homozygosity for knk results in early ...
Source: Developmental Dynamics - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Deborah R. Farkas, Deborah L. Chapman Source Type: journals
The crystal structure of an lll-configured depsipeptide substrate analogue bound to isopenicillin N synthaseEmail this article to a colleague.
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Wei Ge, Ian J. Clifton, Jeanette E. Stok, Robert M. Adlington, Jack E. Baldwin, Peter J. Rutledge
(Paper from Org. Biomol. Chem.)
Wei Ge, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2010, DOI: 10.1039/b910170e
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
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Source: RSC - Organic Biomolecular Chemistry - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wei GeIan J. Clifton Jeanette E. Stok Robert M. Adlington Jack E. Baldwin Peter J. Rutledge Source Type: journals
13C-metabolic flux ratio and novel carbon path analyses confirmed that Trichoderma reesei uses primarily the respirative pathway also on the preferred carbon source glucoseEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
High similarity between the biosynthetic pathways of amino acids in T. reesei and yeast S. cerevisiae was concluded. In vivo flux distributions confirmed that T. reesei uses primarily the respirative pathway also when growing on the repressive carbon source glucose in contrast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which substantially diminishes the respirative pathway flux under glucose repression.
Source: BMC Systems Biology - Latest articles - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Paula JouhtenEsa PitkanenTiina PakulaMarkku SaloheimoMerja PenttilaHannu Maaheimo Source Type: journals
Inferring branching pathways in genome-scale metabolic networksEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
ReTrace is a useful method in metabolic path finding tasks, combining some of the best aspects in constraint-based and graph-theoretic methods. It finds use in a multitude of tasks ranging from metabolic engineering to metabolic reconstruction of recently sequenced organisms.
Source: BMC Systems Biology - Latest articles - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Esa PitkanenPaula JouhtenJuho Rousu Source Type: journals
Proteomic-based refinement of Deinococcus deserti genome annotation reveals an unwonted use of non-canonical translation initiation codons.Email this article to a colleague.
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Deinococcaceae are a family of extremely radiation tolerant bacteria that are currently subjected to numerous studies aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms for such radiotolerance. To achieve a comprehensive and accurate annotation of the Deinococcus deserti genome, we performed an N-terminal-oriented characterization of its proteome. For this, we used a labeling reagent, N-Tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphonium acetyl succinimide (TMPP), to selectively derivatize protein N-termini. The large scale identification of TMPP-modified N-terminal-most peptides by shotgun liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrome...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Baudet M, Ortet P, Gaillard JC, Fernandez B, Guérin P, Enjalbal C, Subra G, de Groot A, Barakat M, Dedieu A, Armengaud J Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: journals
iTriplet, a rule-based nucleic acid sequence motif finder.Email this article to a colleague.
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CONCLUSION: iTriplet is a novel rule-based combinatorial or enumerative motif finding method that is able to process highly degenerate and long motifs that have resisted analysis by other methods. In addition, iTriplet is distinguished from other methods of the same family by its parallelizability, which allows it to leverage the power of today's readily available high-performance computing systems.
PMID: 19874606 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Algorithms for Molecular Biology : AMB - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ho ES, Jakubowski CD, Gunderson SI Tags: Algorithms Mol Biol Source Type: journals
Metformin attenuates ovarian cancer cell growth in an AMP- kinase dispensable manner.Email this article to a colleague.
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ABSTRACT Metformin, the most widely used drug for type 2 diabetes activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which regulates cellular energy metabolism. Here, we report that ovarian cell lines VOSE, A2780, CP70, C200, OV202, OVCAR3, SKOV3ip, PE01 and PE04 predominantly express -alpha1, -beta1, -gamma1 and -gamma2 isoforms of AMPK subunits. Our studies show that metformin treatment (1) significantly inhibited proliferation of diverse chemo-responsive and -resistant ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780, CP70, C200, OV202, OVCAR3, SKVO3ip, PE01 and PE04), (2) caused cell cycle arrest accompanied by decreased cyclin D1 and...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rattan R, Giri S, Hartmann L, Shridhar V Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: journals
Exendin-4 regulates pancreatic ABCA1 transcription via CaMKK/CaMKIV pathway.Email this article to a colleague.
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CONCLUSIONS: Activation of the CaMKK/CaMKIV cascade by exendin-4 stimulated ABCA1 gene transcription, indicating that exendin-4 plays an important role in insulin secretion and cholesterol ester content in pancreatic beta cells.
PMID: 19874424 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Li J, Murao K, Imachi H, Masugata H, Iwama H, Tada S, Zhang GX, Kobayashi R, Ishida T, Tokumitsu H Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: journals
Involvement of neuropeptide Y and its Y1 and Y5 receptors in maintaining self-renewal and proliferation of human embryonic stem cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and NPY receptors are widely expressed in various organs and cell types and have been shown to have pleiotropic functions. However, their presence or role in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) remains unknown. We now show that undifferentiated hESCs primarily express NPY and its Y1 and Y5 receptors. Inhibition of NPY signaling using either the selective NPY Y1 or Y5 receptor antagonist reduces the maintenance of self-renewal and proliferation of undifferentiated hESCs. We also provide compelling evidence that exogenous NPY supports the long-term growth of undifferentiated hESCs in the abse...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Son MY, Kim MJ, Yu K, Koo DB, Cho YS Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: journals
Serially heterotransplanted human prostate tumors as an experimental model.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Preclinical research on prostate cancer (PC) therapies uses several models to represent the human disease accurately. A common model uses patient prostate tumor biopsies to develop a cell line by serially passaging and subsequent implantation, in immunodeficient mice. An alternative model is direct implantation of patient prostate tumor biopsies into immunodeficient mice, followed by serial passage in vivo. The purpose of this review is to compile data from the more than 30 years of human PC serial heterotransplantation research. Serially heterotransplanted tumors are characterized by evaluating the histopatho...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lopez-Barcons LA Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: journals
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor upon TLR2 activation.Email this article to a colleague.
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ABSTRACT Airway inflammation is a common condition where glucocorticoids (GC) are a well-established therapy. It has been demonstrated that GC stimulate components of innate immunity. Specifically, glucocorticoids up-regulate TLR2 expression and activation upon inflammatory stimuli; however, little is known about the signaling involved in this process. To determine the mechanism by which dexamethasone modulates TLR2-induced cytokine production this signaling pathway was monitored in a lung epithelial cell line exposed to the TLR2 synthetic agonist, Pam(3)-Cys-Ser-Lys(4). These experiments demonstrate that phosphatidyli...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Arancibia S, Benítez D, Núñez LE, Jewell CM, Langjhar P, Candia E, Zapata-Torres G, Cidlowski JA, González MJ, Hermoso MA Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: journals
Isthmin is a novel secreted angiogenesis inhibitor that inhibits tumor growth in mice.Email this article to a colleague.
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Abstract Antiangiogenesis represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various malignances. Isthmin is a gene highly expressed in the isthmus of the midbrain-hindbrain organizer in Xenopus with no known functions. It encodes a secreted 60 kDa protein containing a Thrombospondin Type 1 Repeat (TSR) domain in the central region and an Adhesion-associated domain in MUC4 and Other Proteins (AMOP) domain at the C-terminal. In this work, we demonstrate that isthmin is a novel angiogenesis inhibitor. Recombinant mouse isthmin inhibited endothelial cell (EC) capillary network formation on Matrigel through i...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 29, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiang W, Ke Z, Zhang Y, Cheng GH, Irwan ID, Sulochana KN, Potturi P, Wang Z, Yang H, Wang J, Zhuo L, Kini RM, Ge R Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: journals
