Neurology Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 10.

Neuroprotective Effect of Acute Interferon-Beta 1B Treatment after Spinal Cord Injury.
CONCLUSION: Although, the results of the study indicated that interferon beta might have some healing effects via increasing the cellular heat shock protein 70 on spinal cord injuries, more studies are needed. PMID: 23344866 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Sengul G, Coban MK, Cakir M, Coskun S, Aksoy H, Hacimuftuoglu A, Saruhan F, Calik M Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Modified twist drill technique in the management of chronic subdural hematoma.
CONCLUSION: Our modified technique of twist drill drainage is inexpensive, simple, safe and effective alternative technique in the treatment of CSDH. PMID: 23344867 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Yadav YR, Yadav S, Parihar VS Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Immunohistochemical Expression of ErbB2 in Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngiomas: A Possible Target for Immunotherapy.
CONCLUSION: Our preliminary data demonstrate score 3+ staining for ErbB2 in 10% of ACP and different localization of 3+ ErbB2 cells and cells with nuclear β-catenin immunoreactivity. However, because of the small number of cases, further studies with larger samples should be conducted to verify and validate our preliminary data and to determine the effect of ErbB2 protein in ACP cell growth, survival and differentiation. PMID: 23344868 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Zuhur SS, Tanik C, Erol RS, Musluman AM, Kabukcuoglu F, Altuntas Y Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Laparoscopic revision of the distally obstructed ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic assisted revision of the peritoneal catheter is an alternative technique to traditional laparotomy in the revision of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. PMID: 23344869 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Abouhashem S, Taha MM, Ismail A, Rashed ME Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

The effects of splenectomy on lipid peroxidation and neuronal loss in experimental spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury.
CONCLUSION: SCIR injury affects lipid peroxidation in rats. Prior splenectomy does not attenuate lipid peroxidation, but prevents neuronal loss after SCIR injury. PMID: 23344870 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Temiz C, Solmaz I, Tehli O, Kaya S, Onguru O, Arslan E, Izci Y Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Assessment of physical activity in patients with chronic low back or neck pain.
CONCLUSION: Physical activity modification was found in patients with chronic low back and neck pain. Physical activity level, disability, sleep, depression and quality of life scores of preoperative patients with low back pain more affected than neck patients. PMID: 23344871 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Soysal M, Kara B, Arda MN Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

CT-Guided Percutaneous Cordotomy for Intractable Pain in What is More than a Disease: Lung Malignancies.
CONCLUSION: CT-guided percutaneous cordotomy is an effective procedure that should be used in the treatment of cancer-related pain problems. We suggest that cordotomy should be preferred as soon as possible in patients who fail to respond to the classic analgesic therapy. PMID: 23344872 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kanpolat Y, Ozdemir M, Al-Beyati E Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Concomitant tubercular and fungal cerebellar abscess in an immunocompromised girl.
Abstract Concomitant tubercular and fungal cerebellar abscess is rare and we report the first concomitant recurrent multi-lobulated tubercular and fungal cerebellar abscess in an immunocompromised girl with Histiocytosis-X. She presented with cerebellar abscess history diagnosed during the ongoing treatment for tuberculous meningitis. The abscess was drained. Upon the detection of cerebellar abscess recurrence and pulmonary infection, she was referred to our clinic five weeks after the first surgical intervention. Patient was conscious, co-operating but confused. She had severe cachexia, stiff neck an...
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Simsek H, Kutlay M, Colak A, Haholu A, Kaya H, Ozyurt M, Demircan MN Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Unusual magnetic resonance imaging appearance of multiple cystic lesions in glioblastoma multiforme.
We report a case of a 41-year-old man who presented with a brief history of left lower extremity weakness and sensory loss. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated multiple ring-enhancing lesions in the right frontal and parietal lobes. Neuroradiology interpretation was felt to be unlikely for a neoplastic process. The patient underwent stereotactic brain biopsy, which was diagnostic for glioblastoma multiforme. This case demonstrates the importance of histological confirmation of intraaxial brain lesions whenever feasible. The course of his disease and treatment are discussed and the literature reviewed. ...
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Lyons M Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Primary ewings sarcoma of cavernous sinus in an infant: a case report and review of literature.
We present clinical, radiological, pathological findings of Ewing's / pPNET involving the cavernous sinus in an eleven-month-old infant presenting with proptosis and 6th nerve palsy. MRI Contrast scans showed a well-defined, homogenously enhancing mass involving the right cavernous sinus location. Histopathology and immunohistochemical features were consistent with Ewing's/pPNET. The patient succumbed to disease in spite of starting chemotherapy. The clinical, radiological and pathological findings of previously reported cases of Ewing's sarcoma / pPNET involving the cavernous sinus are summarized. The hist...
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Patibandla MR, Uppin SG, Thotakura AK, Panigrahi MK, Challa S Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Bilateral globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease with periodic limb movement disorder.
Abstract Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease is a well-established therapeutic intervention for refractory disease. The main nuclear targets are the subthalamic nucleus and the globus pallidus internus. Periodic limb movements are often an associated condition in patients with Parkinson's disease. Both conditions can respond to dopaminergic agents. The case of a 57-year-old man with severe Parkinson's disease and periodic limb movement who underwent bilateral globus pallidus deep brain stimulation surgery for his Parkinson's disease is presented and discussed. Intraoperatively the patient's...
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Klassen BT, Lyons MK, Evidente V Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Application of an antibiotic crescent-shaped polymethylmethacrylate strut in thoracic vertebral tuberculosis.
We present a patient with thoracic vertebral tuberculosis using an antibiotic crescent-shaped PMMA strut for spinal reconstruction and fusion. The patient recovered satisfactory and no complication was observed in the follow-up. The antibiotic crescent-shaped PMMA strut can be used as a carrier for antibiotic drug and an ideal alternative for anterior spinal reconstruction. However, long-term outcome in this case requires further evaluation. PMID: 23344877 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Jun W, Yi-Jun K, Fei C, Guo-Hua L, Dong-Zhe L Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Nerve sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma) of cerebellopontine angle: case report of a rare tumor with brief review of literature.
Abstract Nerve sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma) are rare benign nerve sheath tumors, usually arising in the skin of the head and neck region and upper extremities in young females. To the best of author's knowledge only two cases of intracranial neurothekeoma have been published in the English literature. These tumors were located in the parasellar area and in middle cranial fossa. This is the first case report of cerebellopontine angle neurothekeoma and third case report of intracranial neurothekeoma. This patient, a 45-year-old female, presented to us with complaints of right side progressive hearing l...
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Vij M, Jaiswal S, Agrawal V, Jaiswal A, Behari S Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Acquired cerebral hemiatrophy: dyke-davidoff- masson syndrome - a case report.
Abstract A rare syndrome, Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS), with a diagnostic conundrum, and the way it was solved is presented. A 13-yearold boy presented with recurrent seizures for the past 10 years. He had been treated with anticonvulsant medication which was satisfactory at first but later the seizures recurred. Recently, the frequency of the seizures increased with preictal dizziness and postictal drowsiness. Physical examination revealed mild left hemiparesis and left deviated gait irregularity. He was mentally alert but had not achieved all the developmental milestones as compared to norma...
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Shrestha B Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Primary writing tremor responds to unilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation.
We report our experience in a patient with primary writing tremor who underwent successful thalamic deep brain stimulation, discuss the current theories on the pathophysiology of the disorder and review the current literature of deep brain stimulation for refractory primary writing tremor. PMID: 23344880 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Lyons M, Shneyder N, Evidente V Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Pallidal deep brain stimulation in a 5-year-old child with dystonic storm: case report.
Abstract A 5-year-old child had a medical history of epilepsy and a newly presented mental retardation with a life-threatening dystonic storm. Neuroimagings showed bilateral calcification of the pallidum. Several treatment modalities were performed, but the symptoms showed no significant improvement. The patient was operated on in order to place a deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting bilateral globus pallidum internus (GPi). The dystonia showed a remarkable improvement after surgery, with 81% reduction of dystonia severity after 15 months. To our best knowledge, this is the youngest patient mentione...
Source: Turkish Neurosurgery - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Aydin S, Abuzayed B, Uysal S, Unver O, Uzan M, Mengi M, Kizilkilic O, Hanci M Tags: Turk Neurosurg Source Type: research

Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate Attenuates Aβ(1-42) -Induced Neuroinflammation and Regulates MAPK and NF-κB Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo.
CONCLUSIONS: DG protects Aβ(1-42) -induced AD models in vitro and in vivo through reducing activation of microglia and inflammation, which may be involved in MAPK and NF-κB pathways. PMID: 23279783 [PubMed - in process]
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - January 29, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhao H, Wang SL, Qian L, Jin JL, Li H, Xu Y, Zhu XL Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

Reduced Frontal Activation during a Working Memory Task in Mild Cognitive Impairment: a Non-Invasive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.
CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the functional deficits in the frontal and temporal cortices and the impairment of WM and cognitive abilities in MCI patients and suggest that fNIRS may be a useful tool for evaluating brain activation in cognitive disorders. PMID: 23279823 [PubMed - in process]
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - January 29, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Niu HJ, Li X, Chen YJ, Ma C, Zhang JY, Zhang ZJ Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

Effects of oxysophoridine on rat hippocampal neurons sustained oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion.
PMID: 23279847 [PubMed - in process]
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - January 29, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhao J, Li YX, Hao YJ, Chen R, Zhang JZ, Sun T, Yu JQ Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

Persistence with antihypertensive agents for 12 months after ischemic stroke reduces the rates of death and dependency.
PMID: 23279879 [PubMed - in process]
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - January 29, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Xu J, Wang CX, Wang YL, Zhao XQ, Liu LP, Wang AX, Wang YJ Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

Concerning HB-EGF Brain Levels in Schizophrenia: Cellular Distribution of Putative Sheddases May Matter.
PMID: 23339361 [PubMed - in process]
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - January 29, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bernstein HG, Keilhoff G, Lendeckel U, Steiner J, Bogerts B Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

Five keys to know for small biz and health care reform
I recently sat down with Bob Zeller, CEO of Financial Associates Midwest Inc., an insurance brokerage firm in Overland Park, to pick his brain on the insurance component of federal health reform. For insurance companies and brokers, Zeller said the biggest challenge is going to be educating the public. He said many people seemed to think full implementation of the Affordable Care Act would not happen — that whether by some act of Congress or of God, it eventually would be overturned. And that’s…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines - January 29, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Brianne Pfannenstiel Source Type: research

Evaluation of seroepidemiological toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS patients in the south of Brazil.
Abstract Toxoplasmosis is considered one of the opportunistic infections for individuals with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), and is also a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of neurotoxoplasmosis, ocular toxoplasmosis and antibodies for Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-positive patients attending the SAE (Specialized Assistance Service for HIV/AIDS), as well as to associate their serological profile with epidemiological and clinical data. A total of 250 patients participated in the study from December, 2009 to November, 2010. Serological analysis was...
Source: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo - January 29, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Xavier GA, Cademartori BG, Cunha Filho NA, Farias NA Tags: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo Source Type: research

Health problems awareness during travel among faculty members of a large university in Latin America: preliminary report.
Abstract Health safety during trips is based on previous counseling, vaccination and prevention of infections, previous diseases or specific problems related to the destination. Our aim was to assess two aspects, incidence of health problems related to travel and the traveler's awareness of health safety. To this end we phone-interviewed faculty members of a large public University, randomly selected from humanities, engineering and health schools. Out of 520 attempts, we were able to contact 67 (12.9%) and 46 (68.6%) agreed to participate in the study. There was a large male proportion (37/44, 84.1%), mature adult...
Source: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo - January 29, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Tome AC, Canello TB, Luna EJ, Andrade Junior HF Tags: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo Source Type: research

Infertility in rats subjected to genitofemoral nerve section is not associated with testicular damage
Summary This work was aimed at assessing the relationship between testicular ascent and infertility induced by genitofemoral nerve (GFN) section in rats. Eighteen male rats were assigned to three experimental groups as follows: (i) Group SGFN was subjected to surgical section of genitofemoral nerve; (ii) Group Sham; (iii) Control group. The GFN was cut at puberty (28D), and the contralateral testis removed at 90D, with fertility tests at 120D. At 150D, maturity index, epithelial area and histopathological index of seminiferous tubules of all rats were determined and statistically compared between superior and inferior test...
Source: Andrologia - January 29, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: O. Gutiérrez‐Pérez, J. C. Rojas‐Castañeda, M. Chavez‐Saldaña, G. Reyes, R. M. Vigueras‐Villaseñor Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Why Humans Like to Cry
Michael Trimble , a British professor at the Institute of Neurology in London, begins his new book with Gana the gorilla. In the summer of 2009, 11-year-old Gana gave birth to a boy at a Muenster zoo. But one day in August, the baby suddenly and mysteriously died. Gana held up her son in front of her, staring at his limp body. She held him close, stroking him. To onlookers it appeared that Gana was trying to reawaken him, and, as the hours passed, that she was mourning his passing. Some at the zoo that day cried. But Gana did not. Humans, Trimble tells us, are the only creatures who cry for emotional reasons. Why Humans L...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Mind & Brain,Mind Brain,Thought Cognition,Psychology,Biology Source Type: research

How Video Games Change the Brain (preview)
I am in an overgrown lot leaning against an eight-foot-tall shipping container. I look both ways, weighing my options. A man with an assault rifle is looking for me, just as I am looking for him. Hoping for a better vantage point, I run toward the abandoned car to my right. A metallic bang rings out as my opponent's shot hits the wall I have just left. I dodge around the next container, then circle behind it. Raising my M16, I peer through the scope as I run. There he is! I hit the track pad of my laptop hard and fast, but my aim is wobbly. I miss. He spins, fires, and I'm dead. [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Mind & Brain Source Type: research

Cracking the Retinal Code
Blindness is a private matter between a person and the eyes with which he or she was born . [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - January 29, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Mind & Brain Source Type: research

Reliability of two clinically relevant fiber pathways reconstructed with constrained spherical deconvolution
The single diffusion tensor model is inadequate for the reconstruction of fiber pathways in brain regions with multiple fiber orientations. To overcome this limitation, constrained spherical deconvolution has been proposed. A high reliability of constrained spherical deconvolution is, however, a pre‐requisite for its use in clinical applications. Reliability of reconstructed fiber pathways can be assessed in terms of architectural (addressing their spatial configuration) and microstructural (addressing diffusion‐derived measures along the fibers) reproducibility. We assess the reliability for two clinically relevant fi...
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - January 29, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Gert Kristo, Alexander Leemans, Mathijs Raemaekers, Geert‐Jan Rutten, Beatrice Gelder, Nick F. Ramsey Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Effect of Hypoxic-Ischemic Insults on the Composition of Fatty Acids in the Brain of Neonatal Rats
Ann Nutr Metab 2013;62:123–128 (DOI:10.1159/000346069)
Source: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - January 29, 2013 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Unclassified Pleomorphic and Spindle Cell Pulmonary Neoplasm with Brain Metastases after Prasugrel
Cardiology 2013;124:85–90 (DOI:10.1159/000346382)
Source: Cardiology - January 29, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Formaldehyde metabolism and formaldehyde‐induced stimulation of lactate production and glutathione export in cultured neurons
Abstract Formaldehyde is endogenously produced in the human body and brain levels of this compound are elevated in neurodegenerative conditions. Although the toxic potential of an excess of formaldehyde has been studied, little is known on the molecular mechanisms underlying its neurotoxicity as well as on the ability of neurons to metabolize formaldehyde. To address these topics we have used cerebellar granule neuron cultures as model system. These cultures express mRNAs of various enzymes that are involved in formaldehyde metabolism and were remarkably resistant towards acute formaldehyde toxicity. Cerebellar granule neu...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ketki Tulpule, Michaela C. Hohnholt, Ralf Dringen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Pharmacological Fractionation of Tetrodotoxin‐sensitive Sodium Currents in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons by μ‐Conotoxins
Conclusions and ImplicationsCombinations of μ‐conotoxins can be used determine the probable NaV1‐isoforms underlying the INa in DRG neurons. Preliminary experiments with sympathetic neurons suggest that this approach is extendable to other neurons.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - January 29, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Min‐Min Zhang, Michael J. Wilson, Joanna Gajewiak, Jean E. Rivier, Grzegorz Bulaj, Baldomero M. Olivera, Doju Yoshikami Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

In Vivo Calibration of Microdialysis Using Infusion of Stable-Isotope Labeled Neurotransmitters
ACS Chemical NeuroscienceDOI: 10.1021/cn300199m
Source: ACS Chemical Neuroscience - January 29, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Neil D. Hershey and Robert T. Kennedy Source Type: research

Word‐finding difficulties confound performance on verbal cognitive measures in adults with intractable left temporal lobe epilepsy
This study sought to determine if word‐finding difficulties (WFDs), which are common in adults with dominant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), are related to performance on verbal cognitive measures, including memory. One hundred six individuals with left TLE and pathologically confirmed mesial temporal sclerosis completed comprehensive preoperative neuropsychological evaluations. Patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of benefit received from phonemic cueing on a confrontation naming task. Cognitive performance was then compared between patients with greater and fewer WFDs. Patients with greater WFDs demo...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Robyn M. Busch, Jessica S. Chapin, Jennifer S. Haut, Mario F. Dulay, Richard I. Naugle, Imad Najm Tags: Brief Communication Source Type: research

Examining factors related to accelerated long‐term forgetting in epilepsy using ambulatory EEG monitoring
Summary PurposeSome patients with epilepsy demonstrate normal memory when this is tested at relatively short intervals (e.g., 30 min), but substantial loss over longer delay periods (e.g., days or weeks) when compared to healthy control subjects. This pattern of “accelerated long‐term forgetting” (ALF) affects the everyday lives of patients, yet goes undetected by standard neuropsychological memory tests, and its pathophysiologic basis is poorly understood. By testing memory over a period of concurrent ambulatory electroencephalography (EEG), the current study aimed to investigate possible factors contributing to AL...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Zoë Fitzgerald, Zoë Thayer, Armin Mohamed, Laurie A. Miller Tags: Full‐Length Original Research Source Type: research

Altered transporter‐mediated neocortical GABA release in Rasmussen encephalitis
Summary To learn whether epileptic seizures in Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) may be promoted by insufficient γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) release. 3H‐GABA was released from neocortical synaptosomes through transporter reversal following intrasynaptosomal Na+ accumulation by veratridine that prevents inactivation of Na+ channels. Tissues of three RE patients were compared with those of nine non‐RE. In RE, the release was markedly reduced. In non‐RE, the extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]e) was inversely related to the amount of release. In RE, the percental decline of additional release upon withdrawal was linked...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Michael P. Rassner, Vera Velthoven‐Wurster, Georgia Ramantani, Thomas J. Feuerstein Tags: Brief Communication Source Type: research

Tonic phase of a generalized convulsive seizure is an independent predictor of postictal generalized EEG suppression
Summary PurposeTo determine the incidence, duration, risk factors for, and clinical correlates of postictal generalized electroencephalography (EEG) suppression (PGES), and to further delineate the significance of PGES in the pathogenesis of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the video‐EEG studies of 109 consecutive patients with 151 generalized convulsive seizures (GCS) during video‐EEG monitoring. We determined the incidence, duration, and clinical correlates of PGES. We also investigated whether factors such as age, sex, seizure type, total seizure duration, and duration ...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: James X. Tao, Iris Yung, Anthony Lee, Sandra Rose, John Jacobsen, John S. Ebersole Tags: Full‐Length Original Research Source Type: research

Sinus node dysfunction: An adverse effect of lacosamide
We report a patient with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy who developed asymptomatic sinus node dysfunction following lacosamide use, which resolved on stopping lacosamide. This is the first report of sinus node dysfunction associated with lacosamide therapy.
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Suganthi Chinnasami, Chaturbhuj Rathore, John S. Duncan Tags: Brief Communication Source Type: research

Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic evaluation of coadministration of lacosamide and an oral contraceptive (levonorgestrel plus ethinylestradiol) in healthy female volunteers
Summary PurposeTo determine whether the antiepileptic drug lacosamide affects the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of a combined oral contraceptive (OC; ethinylestradiol 0.03 mg plus levonorgestrel 0.15 mg). MethodsThis was an open‐label trial in healthy female volunteers. Eligible women entered cycle 1 of the trial on the first day of menstruation. Cycle 1 was a medication‐free, run‐in phase of approximately 28 days to confirm that normal ovulation occurred. Volunteers with confirmed ovulation entered the subsequent cycle and started taking OCs. After establishing ovulation suppression (defined as progesteron...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Willi Cawello, Bernd Rosenkranz, Bernhard Schmid, Werner Wierich Tags: Full‐Length Original Research Source Type: research

Genetic testing in benign familial epilepsies of the first year of life: Clinical and diagnostic significance
Summary PurposeTo dissect the genetics of benign familial epilepsies of the first year of life and to assess the extent of the genetic overlap between benign familial neonatal seizures (BFNS), benign familial neonatal‐infantile seizures (BFNIS), and benign familial infantile seizures (BFIS). MethodsFamilies with at least two first‐degree relatives affected by focal seizures starting within the first year of life and normal development before seizure onset were included. Families were classified as BFNS when all family members experienced neonatal seizures, BFNIS when the onset of seizures in family members was between ...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Federico Zara, Nicola Specchio, Pasquale Striano, Angela Robbiano, Elena Gennaro, Roberta Paravidino, Nicola Vanni, Francesca Beccaria, Giuseppe Capovilla, Amedeo Bianchi, Lorella Caffi, Viviana Cardilli, Francesca Darra, Bernardo Dalla Bernardina, Lucia Tags: Full‐Length Original Research Source Type: research

Default mode network connectivity indicates episodic memory capacity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
This study investigated how connectivity in the default mode network changes with unilateral damage to one of its nodes, the hippocampus (HC), and how such connectivity can be exploited clinically to characterize memory deficits and indicate postsurgical memory change. MethodsFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) resting state scans and neuropsychological memory assessments (Warrington Recognition Tests for Words and Faces) were performed on 19 healthy controls, 20 patients with right mTLE, and 18 patients with left mTLE. In addition, postsurgical fMRI resting state and memory change (postsurgical memory performance...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Cornelia McCormick, Maher Quraan, Melanie Cohn, Taufik A. Valiante, Mary Pat McAndrews Tags: Full‐Length Original Research Source Type: research

Antiepileptic drug treatment in pregnancy: Changes in drug disposition and their clinical implications
This article aims to review the literature on gestational effects on the pharmacokinetics of older and newer generation AEDs and discuss the implications for the treatment of epilepsy in women during pregnancy. Pregnancy can affect the pharmacokinetics of AEDs at any level from absorption, distribution, metabolism, to elimination. The effect varies depending on the type of AED. The most pronounced decline in serum concentrations is seen for AEDs that are eliminated by glucuronidation (UGT), in particular lamotrigine where the effect may be profound. Serum concentrations of AEDs that are cleared mainly through the kidneys, ...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Torbjörn Tomson, Cecilie Johannessen Landmark, Dina Battino Tags: Critical Review and Invited Commentary Source Type: research

Concordance of MRI lesions and EEG focal slowing in children with nonsyndromic epilepsy
Summary PurposeTo investigate the significance of electroencephalography (EEG) focal slowing in children with epilepsy and to determine the correlation between focal slowing and focal lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MethodsWe reviewed 5,149 EEG and 22,543 MRI reports for children who visited our institution from 2000 to 2010. Patients with nonsyndromic epilepsy (n = 253) were divided into groups with: focal slowing without any interictal epileptiform discharge (IED) (group 1); focal IEDs without focal slowing (group 2); focal slowing and focal IED (group 3); and normal findings (group 4). Focal slowing...
Source: Epilepsia - January 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Byoungho H. Noh, Anne T. Berg, Douglas R. Nordli Tags: Full‐Length Original Research Source Type: research

Spinal Cord Neurosarcoidosis.
CONCLUSIONS:: Most SN cases were diagnosed indirectly based on extraneural tissue biopsy. Extended spinal cord lesion (≥3 spine segments) may be useful to distinguish SN from multiple sclerosis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was of limited value. Most patients experienced clinical improvement with immunosuppressive treatment, but many required combination therapy. PMID: 23364469 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences - January 29, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sohn M, Culver DA, Judson MA, Scott TF, Tavee J, Nozaki K Tags: Am J Med Sci Source Type: research

Neuro-Behçet¿s disease in childhood: A focus on the neuro-ophthalmological features
Neuro-Behcet's disease (NBD) involves the central nervous system; peripheral nervous system involvement is not often reported. NBD is quite common in adult patients and occurs rarely during childhood and adolescence. Young patients may share symptoms and signs of NBD with other neuro-ophthalmological disorders (e.g. idiopathic intracranial hypertension); thus, making the differential diagnosis difficult. Neuroimaging is mandatory and necessary for a correct NBD diagnosis but in children radiological examinations are often difficult to perform without sedation. From 1971 to 2011, 130 patients aged
Source: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases - January 29, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Paolo MoraChiara MenozziJelka OrsoniPierangela RubinoLivia RuffiniArturo Carta Source Type: research

Molecular mechanisms of central leptin resistance in obesity.
Abstract The rapidly increasing prevalence of obesity confers a huge health burden globally. The hypothalamus plays a central role in the regulation of energy homeostasis by integrating multiple metabolic signals from peripheral organs and modulating feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Leptin, a key appetite-regulating hormone derived from the white adipose tissue, primarily acts on hypothalamic neurons to activate catabolic pathway and inhibit anabolic pathway, which can result in anorexia and weight reduction. Despite striking obesity resulting from leptin deficiency, treatment with this hormone in human obes...
Source: Archives of Pharmacal Research - January 29, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jung CH, Kim MS Tags: Arch Pharm Res Source Type: research

Developmental Delay Revisited
This article presents current neurobiological concepts that highlight the critical role of chronological age in determining optimal development. The role of sensitive periods, experience expectancy, gene expression, and gene–age interactions is discussed. The debate between “splitters” and “lumpers” is presented in light of the review articles in this special issue. The conclusion from this study is that in a significant proportion of cases, earlier diagnoses are possible, avoiding the all‐encompassing developmental delay/global developmental delay, and opening up possibilities of early interventions. It is fur...
Source: Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews - January 29, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: Yonata Levy Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Early Developmental Cues for Diagnosis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Young Children
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood‐onset disorder that is considered one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders. The symptoms of ADHD should be cast, not as static or fixed neurobehavioral deficits, but rather in terms of underlying developmental processes. Targeting attentional disorders early in life can bring about fundamental alterations in the pathogenesis of ADHD, and thus prevent or moderate the course of the disorder. The developmental approach can enable predictions concerning characteristics of ADHD that develop over time and inform us about multiple risk and protective factors...
Source: Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews - January 29, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: Itai Berger, Yoram Nevo Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Identifying Early‐Risk Markers and Developmental Trajectories for Language Impairment in Neurodevelopmental Disorders
The effective identification of neurodevelopmental disorders is essential for early diagnosis and provision of intervention services. For many of these conditions, one of the primary domains of abnormality is language development. This review addresses what is known about the earliest indicators of language impairment across a range of neurodevelopmental disorders; consideration is given to both behavioral and neural markers, as well as patterns of change over time. A summary of the current state of the field, including challenges in research, is presented. The earliest features of the language phenotype in Down syndrome, ...
Source: Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews - January 29, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: Rhiannon J. Luyster, Anne Seery, Meagan R. Talbott, Helen Tager‐Flusberg Tags: Research Article Source Type: research