Neurology Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 19.

Influence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease on the Neuropad® test performance in patients with diabetes
ConclusionsThe reliability of the Neuropad is not significantly different in the presence or absence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease.© 2013 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine © 2013 Diabetes UK
Source: Diabetic Medicine - February 8, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: C. E. Aubert, J. Doeuff, J. Lajou, O. Barthelemy, A. Hartemann, O. Bourron Tags: Research: Complication Source Type: research

Expression of Neurogenin 1 in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Directs the Differentiation of Neuronal Precursors and Identifies Unique Patterns of Down‐stream Gene Expression
Conclusions: ESC expressing Neurogenin1 begin to withdraw from cycle and form precursors that differentiate exclusively into neurons. This work identifies unique patterns of gene expression following expression of Neurog1, including genes and signaling pathways involved in process outgrowth and cell migration, regional differentiation of the nervous system, and cell cycle. Developmental Dynamics, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Developmental Dynamics - February 8, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: J. Matthew Velkey, K. Sue O'shea Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Neuroblastoma in a pediatric patient with a microduplication of 2p involving the MYCN locus
Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumor of infancy, and mutations in several genes have been implicated as playing a role in tumor development. Here, we describe a pediatric patient with a constitutional microduplication of 2p24.3 who developed Stage 4 neuroblastoma at age 11 months. He represents the sixth patient described in the literature with partial trisomy 2p and neuroblastoma. All previous cases had duplication events spanning two genes implicated in neuroblastoma, MYCN and ALK. Our patient is unique because his duplicated region includes the MYCN gene only; the ALK gene is unaffected. These data, com...
Source: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A - February 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: David Van Mater, Erik H. Knelson, Kathleen A. Kaiser‐Rogers, Michael B. Armstrong Tags: Clinical Report Source Type: research

Virtual reality in neurologic rehabilitation of spatial disorientation
Conclusions: Verbally-guided passive navigation training in VR enhances general spatial cognition in neurologic patients with spatial disorientation as well as in healthy controls and can therefore be useful in the rehabilitation of spatial deficits associated with TD.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - February 8, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Silvia KoberGuilherme WoodDaniela HoferWalter KreuzigManfred KieferChrista Neuper Source Type: research

EMG and kinematic analysis of sensorimotor control for patients after stroke using cyclic voluntary movement with visual feedback
The objective of this study is to investigate the parameters during voluntary arm tracking at different velocities for evaluating motor control performance after stroke Methods: Eight hemiplegic chronic stroke subjects were recruited to perform voluntary movements of elbow flexion and extension by following sinusoidal trajectories from 30 deg to 90 deg at six velocities in the horizontal plane by completing 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 18 flexion and extension cycles in 36 seconds in a single trial, and the peak velocities ranged from 15.7 to 94.2 deg/s. The actual elbow angle and the target position were displayed as real-time visual...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - February 8, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Rong SongKai Tong Source Type: research

Changes in the Circadian Rhythm of mRNA Expression for µ‐Opioid Receptors in the Periaqueductal Gray Under a Neuropathic Pain‐like State
In this study, we investigated the possible changes in the circadian rhythm of mRNA expression for µ‐opioid receptor (MOR), κ‐opioid receptor (KOR), and adrenaline α2a receptor (α2a) in the periaqueductal gray, frontal cortex, thalamus, and spinal cord following sciatic nerve ligation in mice. In sham‐operated mice, the latencies of hind paw‐withdrawal in response to thermal stimuli at 14:00 and 20:00 were significantly greater than that at 8:00 and the latency at 2:00 was significantly less than those at 14:00 and 20:00, indicating a “rest” period‐dominant circadian rhythm for thermal pain‐thresholds. ...
Source: Synapse - February 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Tomohiko Takada, Akira Yamashita, Akitoshi Date, Makoto Yanase, Yuki Suhara, Asami Hamada, Hiroyasu Sakai, Daigo Ikegami, Masako Iseki, Eiichi Inada, Minoru Narita Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Brain uptake and distribution of the dopamine d3/d2 receptor partial agonist [11c]cariprazine: an in vivo positron emission tomography study in nonhuman primates
We examined the brains of two cynomolgus monkeys at baseline condition as well as during a pharmacological blocking condition, using unlabeled cariprazine or raclopride as blockers before injection of [11C]cariprazine. Of the total injected radioactivity, ∼7% entered the brain and ∼3–4% remained in the brain after 90 min, indicating good blood brain barrier penetration and slow washout. It was possible to block cariprazine binding with unlabeled cariprazine and raclopride indicating that [11C]cariprazine binds to dopamine D3/D2 receptors. Nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) measurements, using a simplified refer...
Source: Synapse - February 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Miklós Tóth, Andrea Varrone, Carsten Steiger, István Laszlovszky, Attila Horváth, Béla Kiss, István Gyertyán, Nika Adham, Christer Halldin, Balázs Gulyás Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Complement activation fragment C5a receptors, CD88 and C5L2, are associated with neurofibrillary pathology
Conclusions: The observed association of CD88 and C5L2with neurofibrillary pathology suggests a common altered pathway of degradation.
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - February 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Maria FonsecaSusan McGuireScott CountsAndrea Tenner Source Type: research

About the Benefits of Immunotherapy for High-Risk Neuroblastoma [CORRESPONDENCE]
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - February 8, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Moreno, Barone, Park, Pearson Tags: CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research

Ethical Issues for Control-Arm Patients After Revelation of Benefits of Experimental Therapy: A Framework Modeled in Neuroblastoma [SPECIAL ARTICLES]
In 2009, the Children's Oncology Group (COG) phase III randomized controlled trial, ANBL0032, found that adding immunotherapy (Ch14.18) to standard therapy significantly improved outcomes in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma when administered within 110 days after autologous stem-cell transplantation (SCT). After careful deliberation and consultation, the COG Neuroblastoma Committee decided to offer Ch14.18 to prior trial participants who had been randomly assigned to the control arm (no immunotherapy), regardless of the time that had elapsed since SCT. This decision occurred in the context of a limited supply of Ch14....
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - February 8, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Unguru, Joffe, Fernandez, Yu Tags: Ethics SPECIAL ARTICLES Source Type: research

Primary Cerebral Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma [DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY]
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - February 8, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lachenal, Berger, Cimarelli, Formaglio, Ghesquieres Tags: Diagnosis & Staging, Brain Tumors DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Source Type: research

Comparative performances of prognostic indexes for breast cancer patients presenting with brain metastases
Conclusions: RPA seems to be the most useful score and performs better than new PI for breast cancer BM.
Source: BMC Cancer - February 8, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Braccini LaurentAzria DavidThezenas SimonRomieu GillesFerrero Jean-MarcJacot William Source Type: research

The nature of relapse in schizophrenia
Conclusions: Given the difficulties in identifying those at risk of relapse, the ineffectiveness of rescue medications in preventing full-blown psychotic recurrence and the potentially serious consequences, adherence and other factors predisposing to relapse should be a major focus of attention in managing schizophrenia. The place of antipsychotic treatment discontinuation in clinical practice and in placebo-controlled clinical trials needs to be carefully reconsidered.
Source: BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles - February 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Robin EmsleyBonginkosi ChilizaLaila AsmalBrian Harvey Source Type: research

Old before their time: the ancient origins of the neural crest
Neural crest cells are a fundamental feature of vertebrates. This transient embryonic population emerges from within the neural plate border during early developmental stages and subsequently migrates from the dorsal neural tube throughout the body to form a diverse repertoire of cell types. The range of differentiated cells generated by the neural crest includes, of course, pigment cells of the body, but also many of the neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system, as well as ectomesenchymal derivatives such as skeletogenic, odontogenic and connective tissue components of the head (Donoghue et al. 2008). © 2013 Joh...
Source: Pigment Cell Research - February 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Thomas Butts, Anthony Graham Tags: News & Views Source Type: research

Early and late prognostic implications of coronary artery bypass timing after myocardial infarction [ADULT CARDIAC]
CONCLUSIONS Early and late mortality risk for CABG declines with increasing interval from MI for reasons indirectly linked to the timing of surgery. Our findings emphasize the importance of preoperative organ system optimization and consistent left internal mammary artery use, regardless of the proximity of surgery to MI or the exigency of surgery.
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - February 8, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Ngaage, D. L., Sogliani, F., Tang, A. Tags: ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Surgical treatment of left main disease and severe carotid stenosis: does the off-pump technique provide a better outcome? [ADULT CARDIAC]
CONCLUSIONS Off-pump coronary revascularization may offer risk reduction of neurological complications in patients with a significant carotid artery disease and a history of previous stroke, but a larger study population is needed to support this thesis. The growing discrepancy in long-term survival should draw attention to a more complete revascularization in OPCAB patients.
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - February 8, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Zembala, M. O., Filipiak, K., Ciesla, D., Pacholewicz, J., Hrapkowicz, T., Knapik, P., Przybylski, R., Zembala, M. Tags: ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Comparison of non-divided intercostal muscle flap and intercostal nerve cryoanalgesia treatments for post-oesophagectomy neuropathic pain control [THORACIC]
CONCLUSIONS Both NIMF and INC treatments were effective and safe for the treatment of acute pain after oesophagectomy. NIMF was the better technique in reducing chronic postoperative pain.
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - February 8, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Lu, Q., Han, Y., Cao, W., Lei, J., Wan, Y., Zhao, F., Huang, L., Li, X. Tags: THORACIC Source Type: research

Automated Large-Scale Culture and Medium-Throughput Chemical Screen for Modulators of Proliferation and Viability of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neuroepithelial-like Stem Cells
The aim of this study was to demonstrate proof-of-concept feasibility for the use of human neural stem cells (NSCs) for high-throughput screening (HTS) applications. For this study, an adherent human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell–derived long-term, self-renewing, neuroepithelial-like stem (lt-NES) cell line was selected as a representative NSC. Here, we describe the automated large-scale serum-free culture ("scale-up") of human lt-NES cells on the CompacT SelecT cell culture robotic platform, followed by their subsequent automated "scale-out" into a microwell plate format. We also report a medium-throughput scr...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - February 8, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: McLaren, D., Gorba, T., Marguerie de Rotrou, A., Pillai, G., Chappell, C., Stacey, A., Lingard, S., Falk, A., Smith, A., Koch, P., Brustle, O., Vickers, R., Tinsley, J., Flanders, D., Bello, P., Craig, S. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Mitochondrial CYP2D6 Oxidation of MPTP to Toxic MPP+ [Bioenergetics]
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a neurotoxic side product formed in the chemical synthesis of desmethylprodine opioid analgesic, which induces Parkinson disease. Monoamine oxidase B, present in the mitochondrial outer membrane of glial cells, catalyzes the oxidation of MPTP to the toxic 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), which then targets the dopaminergic neurons causing neuronal death. Here, we demonstrate that mitochondrion-targeted human cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6), supported by mitochondrial adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase, can efficiently catalyze the metabolism of MPTP to MPP+, as ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Bajpai, P., Sangar, M. C., Singh, S., Tang, W., Bansal, S., Chowdhury, G., Cheng, Q., Fang, J.-K., Martin, M. V., Guengerich, F. P., Avadhani, N. G. Tags: Metabolism Source Type: research

PITX2 Regulates the Expression of WNT Genes [Signal Transduction]
Pituitary homeobox-2 (PITX2) plays a substantial role in the development of pituitary, heart, and brain. Although the role of PITX2 isoforms in embryonic development has been extensively studied, its possible involvement in regulating the Wnt signaling pathway has not been reported. Because the Wnt pathway is strongly involved in ovarian development and cancer, we focused on the possible association between PITX2 and Wnt pathway in ovarian carcinoma cells. Remarkably, we found that PITX2 interacts and regulates WNT2/5A/9A/6/2B genes of the canonical, noncanonical, or other pathways in the human ovarian cancer cell SKOV-3. ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Basu, M., Roy, S. S. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

KDELRs Modulate MANF Secretion and Surface Binding [Cell Biology]
Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-responsive protein with neuroprotective effects in animal models of neurodegeneration, but the underlying mechanism is not understood. We constructed a set of lentiviral vectors that contain or lack the highly conserved final four amino acids of MANF (“RTDL”), which resemble the canonical ER retention signal (“KDEL”), to study MANF regulation in neuroblastoma cells and rat primary cortical neurons. The RTDL sequence was required for both ER retention and secretory response to ER stress. Overexpression of KDEL receptor...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Henderson, M. J., Richie, C. T., Airavaara, M., Wang, Y., Harvey, B. K. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

PE and Function of Mammalian Mitochondria [Cell Biology]
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders, but the role of phospholipids, particularly the nonbilayer-forming lipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), in mitochondrial function is poorly understood. Elimination of mitochondrial PE (mtPE) synthesis via phosphatidylserine decarboxylase in mice profoundly alters mitochondrial morphology and is embryonic lethal (Steenbergen, R., Nanowski, T. S., Beigneux, A., Kulinski, A., Young, S. G., and Vance, J. E. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280, 40032–40040). We now report that moderate
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Tasseva, G., Bai, H. D., Davidescu, M., Haromy, A., Michelakis, E., Vance, J. E. Tags: Lipids Source Type: research

Parkin Ubiquitinates TDP-43 [Molecular Bases of Disease]
In conclusion, Parkin ubiquitinates TDP-43 and facilitates its cytosolic accumulation through a multiprotein complex with HDAC6.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hebron, M. L., Lonskaya, I., Sharpe, K., Weerasinghe, P. P. K., Algarzae, N. K., Shekoyan, A. R., Moussa, C. E.- H. Tags: Neurobiology Source Type: research

Curcumin Corrects Tauopathy-associated Defects [Neurobiology]
The mechanisms underlying Tau-related synaptic and cognitive deficits and the interrelationships between Tau species, their clearance pathways, and synaptic impairments remain poorly understood. To gain insight into these mechanisms, we examined these interrelationships in aged non-mutant genomic human Tau mice, with established Tau pathology and neuron loss. We also examined how these interrelationships changed with an intervention by feeding mice either a control diet or one containing the brain permeable beta-amyloid and Tau aggregate binding molecule curcumin. Transgene-dependent elevations in soluble and insoluble pho...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ma, Q.-L., Zuo, X., Yang, F., Ubeda, O. J., Gant, D. J., Alaverdyan, M., Teng, E., Hu, S., Chen, P.-P., Maiti, P., Teter, B., Cole, G. M., Frautschy, S. A. Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

{gamma}-Hydroxybutyrate and Glycine Regulate Glucagon Secretion [Molecular Bases of Disease]
Paracrine signaling between pancreatic islet β-cells and α-cells has been proposed to play a role in regulating glucagon responses to elevated glucose and hypoglycemia. To examine this possibility in human islets, we used a metabolomic approach to trace the responses of amino acids and other potential neurotransmitters to stimulation with [U-13C]glucose in both normal individuals and type 2 diabetics. Islets from type 2 diabetics uniformly showed decreased glucose stimulation of insulin secretion and respiratory rate but demonstrated two different patterns of glucagon responses to glucose: one group responded normally to...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Li, C., Liu, C., Nissim, I., Chen, J., Chen, P., Doliba, N., Zhang, T., , Daikhin, Y., Stokes, D., Yudkoff, M., Bennett, M. J., Stanley, C. A., Matschinsky, F. M., Naji, A. Tags: Metabolism Source Type: research

AC-TRPV1 Association Enhances Sensitivity to cAMP [Neurobiology]
Scaffolding proteins often bring kinases together with their substrates to facilitate cell signaling. This arrangement is critical for the phosphorylation and regulation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel, a key target of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins. The protein kinase A anchoring protein AKAP79/150 organizes a multiprotein complex to position protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) in the immediate proximity of TRPV1 channels to enhance phosphorylation efficiency. This arrangement suggests that regulators upstream of the kinases must also be present in the signaloso...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Efendiev, R., Bavencoffe, A., Hu, H., Zhu, M. X., Dessauer, C. W. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research

Glycosylation of Receptor Guanylyl Cyclase C [Signal Transduction]
Guanylyl cyclase C (GC-C) is a multidomain, membrane-associated receptor guanylyl cyclase. GC-C is primarily expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, where it mediates fluid-ion homeostasis, intestinal inflammation, and cell proliferation in a cGMP-dependent manner, following activation by its ligands guanylin, uroguanylin, or the heat-stable enterotoxin peptide (ST). GC-C is also expressed in neurons, where it plays a role in satiation and attention deficiency/hyperactive behavior. GC-C is glycosylated in the extracellular domain, and differentially glycosylated forms that are resident in the endoplasmic reticulum (130 kD...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Arshad, N., Ballal, S., Visweswariah, S. S. Tags: Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Source Type: research

GSNO Induces CNTF Expression in Astrocytes [Molecular Bases of Disease]
Accumulating evidence suggests that reactive astrogliosis has beneficial and detrimental outcomes in various CNS disorders, but the mechanism behind this dichotomy is unclear. Recent advances in this direction suggested that NO signaling is critical to regulate the outcomes of reactive astrogliosis in vivo. Using biochemical and genetic approaches, we here investigated the effect of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO; a physiological NO donor) in astrocytes in vitro settings. GSNO enhanced the expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurotrophic factors including ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in astrocytes in a dos...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Paintlia, M. K., Paintlia, A. S., Singh, A. K., Singh, I. Tags: Gene Regulation Source Type: research

Macrophage activation syndrome induced by A/H1N1 influenza in cystic fibrosis
Abstract Bacterial respiratory infections have an important impact on the development and progression of pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). Viral infections are possible triggers of acute deterioration in the clinical status of CF patients. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a life‐threatening complication of rheumatic disease characterized by pancytopenia, hepatitis, hyperferritinemia, coagulopathy, and neurologic symptoms. This syndrome is thought to be caused by the activation and uncontrolled proliferation of T lymphocytes and well‐differentiated macrophages, leading to widespread hemophagocytosis and ...
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - February 8, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Rosaria Casciaro, Federico Cresta, Federica Favilli, Aldo Naselli, Alessandra De Alessandri, Laura Minicucci Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Activation of axonal Kv7 channels in human peripheral nerve by flupirtine but not placebo - therapeutic potential for peripheral neuropathies: results of a randomised controlled trial
Conclusions: Clinical doses of flupirtine reduce the excitability of peripheral myelinated axons.Trial registrationClinicalTrials registration is NCT01450865
Source: Journal of Translational Medicine - February 8, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Johannes FleckensteinRuth SittlBeate AverbeckPhilip LangDominik IrnichRichard Carr Source Type: research

Correction: Testing the potential of a virtual reality neurorehabilitation system during performance of observation, imagery and imitation of motor actions recorded by wireless functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)
Following publication of our article [Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2010, 7:57], we realised that some of the statistical tests used were not appropriate. We have now conducted the appropriate statistical tests, and updated the relevant tables, Figures five and six (Figures 1 and 2 here, respectively) and conclusions accordingly.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - February 8, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Lisa HolperThomas MuehlemannFelix ScholkmannKynan EngDaniel KiperMartin Wolf Source Type: research

Positive emotion modulates cognitive control: An event‐related potentials study
There is substantial evidence to indicate that negative emotion can modulate cognitive control processing. However, only a few studies have investigated this effect with positive emotion. Therefore, the present study explored the electrophysiological correlates of the impact of positive emotional stimuli on cognitive control, using event‐related potentials (ERPs). Sixteen healthy young adults completed a modified Simon task (Simon, 1969). Behavioral data indicated that reaction times were faster for positive emotional stimuli than for neutral emotional stimuli in the incongruent condition, but not in the congruent condit...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - February 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Song Xue, Jingjing Cui, Kangcheng Wang, Songyan Zhang, Jiang Qiu, Yuejia Luo Tags: Cognition and Neurosciences Source Type: research

Cognitive control deficits in adolescents born with very low birth weight (≤ 1500 g): Evidence from dichotic listening
The objective of the paper is to explore bottom‐up auditory and top‐down cognitive processing abilities as part of long‐term outcome assessment of preterm birth. Fifty‐five adolescents (age 13–15) born with very low birth weight (VLBW) were compared to 80 matched controls born to term, using three consonant‐vowel dichotic listening (DL) instruction conditions (non‐forced, forced‐right and forced‐left). DL scores were correlated with cortical gray matter thickness derived from T1‐weighted structural MRI volumes using FreeSurfer to examine group differences also in the neural correlates of higher cognitiv...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - February 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Josef J. Bless, Kenneth Hugdahl, René Westerhausen, Gro C. Løhaugen, Ole Christian Eidheim, Ann‐Mari Brubakk, Jon Skranes, Arne Gramstad, Asta K. Håberg Tags: Cognition and Neurosciences Source Type: research

Diagnosis and its discontents: Critical perspectives on psychiatric nosology and the DSM
Recent writings that critically analyze psychiatric diagnostic categories and the practices that are intertwined with them have descriptive, contextualizing and moral dimensions. Descriptive projects depict major trends in psychiatric classification. They focus on three such trends: medicalization, an increase in both the number of diagnostic categories and the number of persons to whom they are ascribed, and a move towards framing both pathological and normative behaviors and experiences in neurobiological terms. Contextualizing projects explore how micro- and macrosocial, cultural and political economic elements influenc...
Source: Feminism - February 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kirschner, S. R. Tags: Essays Source Type: research

Inhibition of brain angiotensin III attenuates sympathetic hyperactivity and cardiac dysfunction in rats post-myocardial infarction
Conclusion These results indicate that brain APA and Ang III appear to play a pivotal role in the sympathetic hyperactivity and LV dysfunction in rats post-MI. RB150 may be a potential candidate for central nervous system-targeted therapy post-MI.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - February 8, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Huang, B. S., Ahmad, M., White, R. A., Marc, Y., Llorens-Cortes, C., Leenen, F. H. H. Tags: Cardiac biology and remodelling Source Type: research

Rate of deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism during the care continuum in patients with acute ischemic stroke in the United States
Conclusions: Approximately 1% of patients with AIS experienced symptomatic in-hospital and/or post-discharge DVT/PE. Although 46% received prophylaxis in-hospital, only 6% received prophylaxis in the outpatient setting. This highlights the need for sustained thromboprophylaxis prescribing across the continuum of care.
Source: BMC Neurology - February 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Alpesh AminJay LinStephen ThompsonDaniel Wiederkehr Source Type: research

Possible role of Toxoplasma gondii in brain cancer through modulation of host microRNAs
Background: The obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii infects humans and other warm-blooded animals and establishes a chronic infection in the central nervous system after invasion. Studies showing a positive correlation between anti-Toxoplasma antibodies and incidences of brain cancer have led to the notion that Toxoplasma infections increase the risk of brain cancer. However, molecular events involved in Toxoplasma induced brain cancers are not well understood.Presentation of the hypothesisToxoplasma gains the control of host cell functions including proliferation and apoptosis by channelizing paras...
Source: Infectious Agents and Cancer - February 8, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sivasakthivel ThirugnanamNamita RoutMunirathinam Gnanasekar Source Type: research

Hypernatremia Is Associated with Increased Risk of Mortality in Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Neurotrauma , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Journal of Neurotrauma - February 7, 2013 Category: Neurology Tags: article Source Type: research

One Source Medical chosen to market new neuropathy device
Diabetes management company One Source Medical Group has been selected to distribute a new FDA-approved diabetes pain management device called SENSUS. San Antonio-based One Source is only one of two companies chosen by NeuroMetrix to market and distribute it. SENSUS is an electrical nerve simulator that is designed to relieve chronic pain in the lower leg and foot. The device is worn on the upper calf and is activated by the press of a button. An electric current stops the nerve pain signals from…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines - February 7, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: James Aldridge Source Type: research

Jefferson Neuroscience Network adds another affiliate
Mercy Health System said Thursday it has expanded its affiliation with the Jefferson Neuroscience Network. Seven Jefferson neurosurgeons will provide comprehensive neurosurgical care and 24-hour coverage at Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital in Darby and Mercy Philadelphia Hospital in West Philadelphia, as a result of the expanded collaboration. Financial terms of the deal were not disclosed. The Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience in Philadelphia, part of the Jefferson Health System, established its neuroscience…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines - February 7, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: John George Source Type: research

p53 centrosomal localization diagnoses ataxia-telangiectasia homozygotes and heterozygotes
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by radiosensitivity, genomic instability, and predisposition to cancer. A-T is caused by biallelic mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene, but heterozygous carriers, though apparently healthy, are believed to be at increased risk for cancer and more sensitive to ionizing radiation than the general population. Despite progress in functional and sequencing-based assays, no straightforward, rapid, and inexpensive test is available for the identification of A-T homozygotes and heterozygotes, which is essential for ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 7, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Andrea Prodosmo, Andrea De Amicis, Cecilia Nisticò, Mario Gabriele, Giuliana Di Rocco, Laura Monteonofrio, Maria Piane, Enrico Cundari, Luciana Chessa, Silvia Soddu Source Type: research

2-photon imaging of phagocyte-mediated T cell activation in the CNS
Autoreactive T cells can infiltrate the CNS to cause disorders such as multiple sclerosis. In order to visualize T cell activation in the CNS, we introduced a truncated fluorescent derivative of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) as a real-time T cell activation indicator. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a rat model of multiple sclerosis, we tracked T cells interacting with structures of the vascular blood-brain barrier (BBB). 2-photon imaging documented the cytoplasmic-nuclear translocation of fluorescent NFAT, indicative of calcium-dependent activation of the T cells in the perivascular space, but n...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 7, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Marija Pesic, Ingo Bartholomäus, Nikolaos I. Kyratsous, Vigo Heissmeyer, Hartmut Wekerle, Naoto Kawakami Source Type: research

Transplanted progenitors generate functional enteric neurons in the postnatal colon
Cell therapy has the potential to treat gastrointestinal motility disorders caused by diseases of the enteric nervous system. Many studies have demonstrated that various stem/progenitor cells can give rise to functional neurons in the embryonic gut; however, it is not yet known whether transplanted neural progenitor cells can migrate, proliferate, and generate functional neurons in the postnatal bowel in vivo. We transplanted neurospheres generated from fetal and postnatal intestinal neural crest–derived cells into the colon of postnatal mice. The neurosphere-derived cells migrated, proliferated, and generated neuro...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 7, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ryo Hotta, Lincon A. Stamp, Jaime P.P. Foong, Sophie N. McConnell, Annette J. Bergner, Richard B. Anderson, Hideki Enomoto, Donald F. Newgreen, Florian Obermayr, John B. Furness, Heather M. Young Source Type: research

Planar Microelectrode Array for Simultaneous Detection of Electrically-evoked Dopamine Release from Distinct Locations of a Single Isolated Neuron
Analyst, 2013, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/C3AN36770C, PaperBhavik Anil Patel, Collin C Luk, Pei Ling Leow, Arthur J Lee, Wali Zaidi, Naweed I SyedNeurotransmission is a key process of communication between neurons. Although much is known about this process and the influence it has on the function of the body, little is understood...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
Source: RSC - Analyst latest articles - February 7, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Bhavik Anil Patel Source Type: research

Evolution: Getting a Big Head
Brain size correlates roughly with intelligence. So, assuming that more intelligence gives a selective advantage, what limits the size of our heads? To see if bigger brains are better and … [Read more]
Source: Editors' Choice - February 7, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Stewart Wills (mailto:swills at aaas.org) Source Type: research

Immobilization Method to Preserve Enzyme Specificity in Biosensors: Consequences for Brain Glutamate Detection
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/ac3035794
Source: Analytical Chemistry - February 7, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Natalia Vasylieva, Caroline Maucler, Anne Meiller, Henry Viscogliosi, Thomas Lieutaud, Daniel Barbier and Stéphane Marinesco Source Type: research

Direct comparison of [18F]MH.MZ and [18F]altanserin for 5‐HT2A receptor imaging with PET
Abstract Imaging the cerebral serotonin 2A (5‐HT2A) receptors with positron emission tomography (PET) has been carried out in humans with [11C]MDL 100907 and [18F]altanserin. Recently, the MDL 100907 analogue [18F]MH.MZ was developed combining the selectivity profile of MDL 100907 and the favourable radiophysical properties of fluorine‐18. Here, we present a direct comparison of [18F]altanserin and [18F]MH.MZ. 5‐HT2A receptor binding in pig cortex and cerebellum was investigated by autoradiography with [3H]MDL 100907, [18F]MH.MZ, and [18F]altanserin. [18F]MH.MZ and [18F]altanserin were investigated in Danish Landrace...
Source: Synapse - February 7, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Hanne Demant Hansen, Anders Ettrup, Matthias Manfred Herth, Agnete Dyssegaard, Cecilia Ratner, Nic Gillings, Gitte M. Knudsen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Axon diversity of lamina I local‐circuit neurons in the lumbar spinal cord
Abstract Spinal lamina I is a key area for relaying and integrating information from nociceptive primary afferents with various other sources of inputs. While lamina I projection neurons have been intensively studied, much less attention has been given to local‐circuit neurons (LCNs), which form the majority of the lamina I neuronal population. In this work the infrared light‐emitting diode (IR‐LED) oblique illumination technique was used to visualize and label LCNs, allowing reconstruction and analysis of their dendritic and extensive axonal trees. We show that the majority of lamina I neurons with locally branching...
Source: The Journal of Comparative Neurology - February 7, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Peter Szucs, Liliana L. Luz, Raquel Pinho, Paulo Aguiar, Zsófia Antal, Sheena Y.X. Tiong, Andrew J. Todd, Boris V. Safronov Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Genetic variation and cognitive dysfunction one year after cardiac surgery
Summary Various studies have implicated a potential association between candidate gene polymorphisms and postoperative cognitive dysfunction, yet corroborative studies are lacking. We investigated the variants in genes encoding platelet glycoprotein‐IIIa and apolipoprotein‐E and their relationship with postoperative cognitive dysfunction one year after cardiac surgery. A total of 155 patients were studied; neuropsychological testing demonstrated cognitive dysfunction in 31 (20%) patients at one‐year follow‐up. No differences were detected with respect to baseline characteristics, pre‐operative variables and surgi...
Source: Anaesthesia - February 7, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: A. Stewart, R. Katznelson, N. Kraeva, J. Carroll, T. Pickworth, V. Rao, G. Djaiani Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Results of Adjuvant FOLFOX Regimens in Stage III Colorectal Cancer Patients: Retrospective Analysis of 667 Patients.
Conclusion: The different oxaliplatin-containing 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with stage III colorectal cancer seemed to be at least equal in terms of efficacy regardless of the method of 5-FU administration or oxaliplatin dose. PMID: 23392240 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncology - February 7, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Uncu D, Aksoy S, Cetin B, Yetişyiğit T, Ozdemir N, Berk V, Dane F, Inal A, Harputluoğlu H, Budakoğlu B, Koca D, Sevinç A, Cihan S, Gök Durnalı A, Ozkan M, Oztürk MA, Işıkdoğan A, Büyükberber S, Benekli M, Köş T, Alkış N, Karaca H, Turhal Tags: Oncology Source Type: research