Neurology Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 25.

Calmodulin Transduces Ca2+ Oscillations into Differential Regulation of Its Target Proteins
ACS Chemical NeuroscienceDOI: 10.1021/cn300218d
Source: ACS Chemical Neuroscience - February 5, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nikolai Slavov, Jannette Carey and Sara Linse Source Type: research

New Eyewear Could Help People with Red-Green Color Blindness
Why do humans see colors? For years the leading hypothesis was that color vision evolved to help us spot nutritious fruits and vegetation in the forest. But in 2006, evolutionary neurobiologist Mark Changizi and colleagues proposed that color vision evolved to perceive oxygenation and hemoglobin variations in skin in order to detect social cues, emotions and the states of our friends or enemies. Just think about the reddening and whitening of the face called blushing and blanching. They elicit distinct physiological reactions that would be impossible without color vision. [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 5, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Health,Health,Mind & Brain,Medical Technology,Evolution,Evolutionary Biology,Neuroscience,Biology,Technology Source Type: research

Step into the Twilight Zone: Day 4 on Mars Time, aka Easy Peasy Lemon Squeezy
Editor's note: Researchers exploring Mars via rover and satellite have to adapt to the longer day on the Red Planet. Katie Worth, whose Can Earthlings Adapt to the Longer Day on Mars? for Scientific American describes the consequences of sleep-pattern changes, is trying it out herself. Follow her experiences in living on "Mars time" at this blog to see how it affects her sleep and behavior. This post is the second in a series. [caption id="attachment_3660" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="My 'Mars Time' work station"] [/caption] [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 5, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Health,Space,More Science,Mind & Brain Source Type: research

Virtues of Cognitive Workout: New Research Reveals Neurological Underpinnings of Intelligence
How much does environment influence intelligence? Several years ago University of Virginia Professor Eric Turkheimer demonstrated that growing up in an impoverished and chaotic household suppresses I.Q. - without nurture, innate advantages vanish. What about genes? They matter too. After decades of research most psychologists agree that somewhere between 50% and 80% of intelligence is genetic. After all, numerous studies demonstrate that identical twins raised apart have remarkably similar I.Q.'s. A 2008 paper out of the University of Michigan turned all of this on its head. The researchers led by Susanne M. Jaeggi and Mar...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 5, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Mind & Brain,More Science Source Type: research

Fetal Brain MRI Texture Analysis Identifies Different Microstructural Patterns in Adequate and Small for Gestational Age Fetuses at Term
Fetal Diagn Ther (DOI:10.1159/000346566)
Source: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy - February 5, 2013 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research

The ABCA7 transporter, brain lipids and Alzheimer’s disease
Clinical Lipidology , February 2013, Vol. 8, No. 1, Pages 97-108.
Source: Future Medicine: Clinical Lipidology - February 5, 2013 Category: Lipidology Tags: article Source Type: research

Why investors should track Raleigh’s Dara BioSciences
Investors could find profits with “near-term catalysts” from Dara BioSciences (Nasdaq: DARA). That’s according to a Seeking Alpha blog that points to the Raleigh-based oncology research firm as a company to watch. Dara shares, which traded at 80 cents Jan. 18, closed Monday at $1.11. The report notes that the stock is “up almost 39 percent in less than a month,” pointing out that an orphan-drug application for peripheral neuropathy and the exclusivity it could bring could make the firm…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines - February 5, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Lauren K. Ohnesorge Source Type: research

Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy: Standard Coagulation Tests, Biomarkers of Coagulopathy, and Endothelial Damage in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Neurotrauma , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Journal of Neurotrauma - February 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Tags: article Source Type: research

Functional Consequences of Age-Dependent Changes in Glutathione Status in the Brain
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling - February 5, 2013 Category: Research Tags: article Source Type: research

A Dose of Narcissism Can Be Useful
Narcissism has long gotten a bad rap. Its unseemly reputation dates back at least to ancient Greek mythology, in which the handsome hunter Narcissus (who undoubtedly would be gloating over his present-day fame) discovered his own reflection in a pool of water and fell in love with it. Narcissus was so transfixed by his image that he died staring at it. In 1914 Sigmund Freud likened narcissism to a sexual perversion in which romantic attraction is directed exclusively to the self. Contemporary views are hardly more flattering. Enter the words “narcissists are” into Google, and the four most popular words complet...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 5, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Mind & Brain Source Type: research

A managed protocol for treatment of deceased potential donors reduces the incidence of cardiac arrest before organ explant
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da aplicação de um protocolo gerenciado de manutenção de potenciais doadores falecidos de múltiplos órgãos em duas unidades hospitalares. MÉTODOS: Estudo antes (Fase 1)/depois (Fase 2) realizado em dois hospitais gerais que incluiu, consecutivamente, os potenciais doadores ingressados em duas unidades de terapia intensiva. Na Fase 1 (16 meses), os dados foram coletados retrospectivamente e as medidas de manutenção do potencial doador foram instituídas a critério do intensivista. Na Fase 2 (12 meses), a coleta de dados foi prospectiva e a manutenção foi guiada por um protocolo gerenc...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva - February 5, 2013 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

The Brilliance of the Dog Mind
Just about every dog owner is convinced their dog is a genius. For a long time, scientists did not take their pronouncements particularly seriously, but new research suggests that canines are indeed quite bright, and in some ways unique. Brian Hare , an associate professor in the Department of Evolutionary Anthropology and the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience at Duke University, is one of the leading figures in the quest to understand what dogs know. The founder of the Duke Canine Cognition Center , Hare has now written a book, “ The Genius of Dogs ,” with his wife, the journalist Vanessa Woods . Hare answered...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 5, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Mind & Brain,Language Linguistics,Thought Cognition,Neuroscience,Psychology,Mind Source Type: research

Focal seizures secondary to cortical dysplasia associated with isolated oral morphea and odontogenic carcinoma
This report describes a constellation of unusual conditions associated with oral morphea in a young man. The patient had oral linear morphea later associated with an underlying odontogenic carcinoma. The tumour was successfully resected. A year later, following loss of consciousness, a CT brain showed calcification in the left temporo-parietal cortex. MRI brain showed three independent abnormalities, surrounded by variable amounts of oedema, deep within the white matter of the left temporal, frontal and parietal regions without enhancement with gadolinium. Biopsy samples revealed cortical disarray with large neurons, necro...
Source: Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy - February 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Patricia H. McNamara, Mary Toner, Gerard Kearns, Catherine Keohane, Peter Daly, Colin P. Doherty Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Quality of life in adult patients with epilepsy and their family members
Conclusion: Interventions should address both PWE and family members and focus on the self-care improvement of PWE and the well-being and coping of family members. A patient-centred approach needs to include both the PWE and the relatives and address family support in order to alleviate stress in the patients and relatives alike.
Source: Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy - February 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Romy Mahrer-Imhof, Sabina Jaggi, Armanda Bonomo, Hannele Hediger, Priska Eggenschwiler, Günther Krämer, Erich Oberholzer Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Source: Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy - February 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Methods for Oxysterol Analysis: Past, Present and Future.
This article comprises a critical assessment of the technical difficulties of oxysterol analysis, highlights methodologies utilising best practise and discusses newer procedures. PMID: 23395696 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - February 5, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Griffiths WJ, Crick PJ, Wang Y Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

The association between biomarkers in the blood and carotid plaque composition- focusing on oxidized lipids, oxysterols and plaque status: Special issue of Biochemical Pharmacology.
Abstract Human atherosclerotic plaque is composed of a large mixture of elements, predominantly lipids and oxidized lipids, lipid-loaded macrophages and smooth muscle cells, forming foam cells. Plaque contents undergo dynamic changes during the plaque's progression, being in a constant interaction with the circulating blood. During the mutual interaction between blood and plaque and the specific biochemical processes occurring in both, specific molecules can be generated in the serum which might provide information on plaque status. This information, mostly on plaque vulnerability, is highly important for making ap...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - February 5, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Vaya J Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Lipid metabolism greases the stem cell engine.
Abstract Metabolic plasticity is increasingly postulated to be vital in the transition between stemness maintenance and lineage specification. Knobloch et al. (2012) now demonstrate that regulation of lipogenesis by fatty acid synthase and Spot14-dependent malonyl-CoA supply determines the proliferative activity of resident neural stem cells, contributing to adult neurogenesis. PMID: 23395162 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cell Metabolism - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Folmes CD, Park S, Terzic A Tags: Cell Metab Source Type: research

Arcuate NPY Controls Sympathetic Output and BAT Function via a Relay of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Neurons in the PVN.
Abstract Neuropepetide Y (NPY) is best known for its powerful stimulation of food intake and its effects on reducing energy expenditure. However, the pathways involved and the regulatory mechanisms behind this are not well understood. Here we demonstrate that NPY derived from the arcuate nucleus (Arc) is critical for the control of sympathetic outflow and brown adipose tissue (BAT) function. Mechanistically, a key change induced by Arc NPY signaling is a marked Y1 receptor-mediated reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which is also associated with a ...
Source: Cell Metabolism - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Shi YC, Lau J, Lin Z, Zhang H, Zhai L, Sperk G, Heilbronn R, Mietzsch M, Weger S, Huang XF, Enriquez RF, Baldock PA, Zhang L, Sainsbury A, Herzog H, Lin S Tags: Cell Metab Source Type: research

Highlights in basic autonomic neuroscience: Semaphorins in the remodeling of autonomic innervation.
Abstract Chemorepellent signals of the semaphorin family are known to play a crucial role in the development of the nervous system. Some semaphorins continue being expressed in the adult life when they regulate plasticity and regeneration. Increasing evidence indicates that semaphorins are implicated in the development of the autonomic nervous system as well as in the regulation of different forms of plasticity observed in the adulthood. Here we present selected examples illustrating the involvement of semaphorins in the regulation of autonomic plasticity in physiological and pathological conditions. PMID: 2339...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - February 5, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Brauer MM, Richeri A Tags: Auton Neurosci Source Type: research

The Microtubule-Binding Protein Ensconsin Is an Essential Cofactor of Kinesin-1.
Abstract Kinesin-1 is a major microtubule motor that drives transport of numerous cellular cargoes toward the plus ends of microtubules. In the cell, kinesin-1 exists primarily in an inactive, autoinhibited state [1, 2], and motor activation is thought to occur upon binding to cargo through the C terminus [3, 4]. Using RNAi-mediated depletion in Drosophila S2 cells, we demonstrate that kinesin-1 requires ensconsin (MAP7, E-MAP-115), a ubiquitous microtubule-associated protein [5, 6], for its primary function of organelle transport. We show that ensconsin is required for organelle transport in Drosophila neurons an...
Source: Current Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Barlan K, Lu W, Gelfand VI Tags: Curr Biol Source Type: research

Diclofenac enhances proinflammatory cytokine-induced phagocytosis of cultured microglia via nitric oxide production.
In conclusion, DCF acts synergistically with proinflammatory cytokines to increase the production of NO in microglia, leading to phagocytic activity of the activated microglia. These findings, together with previous observations regarding astrocytes, may explain the significant increase in mortality of IAE patients treated with DCF. PMID: 23395999 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - February 5, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Kakita H, Aoyama M, Nagaya Y, Asai H, Hussein MH, Suzuki M, Kato S, Saitoh S, Asai K Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Molecular dissection of botulinum neurotoxin reveals interdomain chaperone function.
Abstract Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is a multi-domain protein made up of the approximately 100 kDa heavy chain (HC) and the approximately 50 kDa light chain (LC). The HC can be further subdivided into two halves: the N-terminal translocation domain (TD) and the C-terminal Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). We have investigated the minimal requirements for channel activity and LC translocation. We utilize a cellular protection assay and a single channel/single molecule LC translocation assay to characterize in real time the channel and chaperone activities of BoNT/A truncation constructs in Neuro 2A cells...
Source: Toxicon - February 5, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Fischer A, Montal M Tags: Toxicon Source Type: research

Accuracy of routine fat-suppressed FLAIR and diffusion-weighted images in detecting clinically evident optic neuritis.
Conclusion:Being more specific, but not as sensitive, as dedicated CET1WI in acute ON, axial fat-suppressed FLAIR likely has additional value in evaluating for acute ON in "routine" brain MR protocols evaluating for demyelinating disease, while DWI may be hampered by artifacts. PMID: 23386735 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Radiologica - February 5, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: McKinney AM, Lohman BD, Sarikaya B, Benson M, Benson MT, Lee MS Tags: Acta Radiol Source Type: research

Clinical Utility of the Hopkins Verbal Test-Revised for Detecting Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Spanish Population.
Abstract The decline of verbal memory and learning is one of the main symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Hopkins Verbal Test-Revised (HVLT-R) to discriminate subjects with AD, amnestic MCI (aMCI), and a healthy control group in a Spanish population. Two hundred ninety-eight subjects were assessed with the HVLT-R and the Spanish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MEC 35). There were significant differences in the HVLT-R delay recall and total free recall scores of aMCI, AD, and control subjects. Cut points...
Source: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology - February 5, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: González-Palau F, Franco M, Jiménez F, Parra E, Bernate M, Solis A Tags: Arch Clin Neuropsychol Source Type: research

Precocious and delayed neocortical synaptogenesis in fetal holoprosencephaly.
Abstract Predictable temporal and spatial patterns of synaptophysin expression previously were demonstrated in the normally developing fetal cerebral cortex, reflecting synaptogenesis without regard to neurotransmitters. We studied 6 human fetal brains with holoprosencephaly in the mid-2nd and 3rd trimesters with immunocytochemical antibodies against synaptophysin and other markers of neuronal maturation. We found not only abnormal patchy patterns of synaptic vesicle reactivity within the disorganized cortical plate, but also loss of precise timing of genetically programmed synaptogenesis. Precociousness in synapto...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - February 5, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Sarnat HB, Flores-Sarnat L Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: research

Stroke Prevention Knowledge and Prestroke Health Behaviors Among Hypertensive Stroke Patients in Mainland China.
CONCLUSIONS:: The participants showed a relatively low level of stroke prevention knowledge and a moderate level of engagement in healthy behaviors. Pearson correlation coefficient between these 2 variables was 0.423 (P < .001). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that stroke prevention knowledge was positively influenced by education level; health behaviors were positively influenced by both gender and stroke prevention knowledge. Findings suggest that male hypertensive patients and those with a lower education level need targeted stroke education. Because knowledge was unrelated to behavior with respect...
Source: The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing - February 5, 2013 Category: Nursing Authors: Wan LH, Zhao J, Zhang XP, Deng SF, Li L, He SZ, Ruan HF Tags: J Cardiovasc Nurs Source Type: research

Health and disease in adults with Down syndrome.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Increasing life expectancy in persons with Down's syndrome requires knowledge about conditions that are frequently observed in adults who have the syndrome, and to which health personnel need to pay special attention.KNOWLEDGE BASE: The article is based on a literature search in PubMed, as well as the authors' clinical experience with this group of patients.RESULTS: Altered immune function, muscular hypotonia, developmental disorders of the head and neck and premature ageing contribute to health problems. The group is subject to infections, especially in the airways and the digestive tract. Con...
Source: Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening - February 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Malt EA, Dahl RC, Haugsand TM, Ulvestad IH, Emilsen NM, Hansen B, Cardenas YE, Skøld RO, Thorsen AT, Davidsen EM Tags: Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen Source Type: research

[Drugs that may trigger or exacerbate myasthenia gravis].
Abstract Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease causing muscle weakness due to impaired transmission at the neuromuscular junction. MG or a MG-like condition may be triggered or exacerbated by several drugs used for treatment of other diseases. Drugs may interfere with the neuromuscular transmission through several mechanisms, either by affecting pre- or postsynaptic ion channels or by affecting acetylcholinesterase. Based on a literature search in PubMed and the authors' own clinical experiences, we provide an overview focusing on the most frequently used drugs that may exacerbate weakness in patients wit...
Source: Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening - February 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Elsais A, Popperud TH, Melien O, Kerty E Tags: Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen Source Type: research

[Microneurography and research on peripheral neuropathic pain].
Abstract BACKGROUND Microneurography is a neurophysiological technique which enables recording from single peripheral nerve fibres in persons who are awake. The method is only used in research. We discuss how microneurography has been used to map nerve-fibre functions under normal circumstances and in chronic pain conditions.METHOD The article is based on a literature search in PubMed and on the authors' own knowledge and experience of the method from their research.RESULTS Microneurography has contributed to the understanding of pain under physiological conditions and in chronic pain conditions, in particular peri...
Source: Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening - February 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Orstavik K, Kleggetveit IP, Jørum E Tags: Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen Source Type: research

[Neurophysiological monitoring during surgery].
Abstract Background. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring has become increasingly important in interventions involving risk of damage to the nervous system. We aim to provide an overview of possibilities and limitations on the use of intraoperative neurophysiological methods.Method. The article is based on a review of relevant textbooks and articles from own literature archives and selective searches in PubMed, combined with the authors' own clinical experience.Results. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring includes both continuous monitoring of neural tissue and localisation of vital neurological st...
Source: Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening - February 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Michler RP, Unsgård G, Rossvoll I Tags: Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen Source Type: research

[Assessment of ADHD with EEG].
Abstract Background: Many children with ADHD develop epilepsy, and approximately 20 % of children with epilepsy also have ADHD. In this article we discuss the use of EEG in connection with ADHD in children, with emphasis on the diagnosis of comorbid epilepsy.Method: The article is based on a literature search in PubMed, personal literature archives and the authors' own experience with the use of EEG, treatment of epilepsy and the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents.Results: A moderately elevated prevalence of epileptiform EEG activity is described in children with ADHD without epilepsy comp...
Source: Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening - February 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sand T, Breivik N, Herigstad A Tags: Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen Source Type: research

Announcements
Source: Epilepsia - February 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Does surgery prevent worsening of epilepsy?
Source: Epilepsia - February 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Dieter Schmidt, Matti Sillanpää Tags: LETTER Source Type: research

Functional regulation of Alu element of human angiotensin-converting enzyme gene in neuron cells.
Abstract The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) genotype and its protein activity have been widely implicated to be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether the insertion sequence, Alu element, in intron 16 of the human ACE gene plays a functional role remains uncertain. To investigate the influence of the I/D polymorphism on ACE promoter, we recombined the I and D form fragments with the human ACE promoter sequence before the reporter gene in pSEAP-Basic2 vector. The effect of the Alu element on regulating the transcriptional activity of ACE promoter was examined using t...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - February 5, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Wu SJ, Hsieh TJ, Kuo MC, Tsai ML, Tsai KL, Chen CH, Yang YH Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: research

Longitudinal changes of cortical thickness in early- versus late-onset Alzheimer's disease.
Abstract Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) has been shown to progress more rapidly than late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). However, no studies have compared the topography of brain volume reduction over time. The purpose of this 3-year longitudinal study was to compare EOAD and LOAD in terms of their rates of decline in cognitive testing and topography of cortical thinning. We prospectively recruited 36 patients with AD (14 EOAD and 22 LOAD) and 14 normal controls. All subjects were assessed with neuropsychological tests and with magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, Year 1, and Year 3. The EOAD group sh...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - February 5, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Cho H, Jeon S, Kang SJ, Lee JM, Lee JH, Kim GH, Shin JS, Kim CH, Noh Y, Im K, Kim ST, Chin J, Seo SW, Na DL Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: research

TREM2 is associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease in Spanish population.
Abstract Two recent studies have reported the association of rs75932628-T in the TREM2 gene with the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Rs75932628-T is a rare nonsynonymous variant (p.R47H) that confers a high risk of AD with an effect size similar to that of the APOE ε4 allele. However, this association has not been replicated in any independent studies to date. The allelic frequency of rs75932628 varies according to the population from 0.02% to 0.63% among healthy controls. In an attempt to replicate the association between rs75932628-T and AD risk, we genotyped rs75932628 in a cohort of 504 AD subjects and 550 ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - February 5, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Benitez BA, Cooper B, Pastor P, Jin SC, Lorenzo E, Cervantes S, Cruchaga C Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: research

Targeted Immunotherapy for High-Risk Neuroblastoma-The Role of Monoclonal Antibodies (February).
Abstract OBJECTIVE:To systematically review clinical trials evaluating anti-disialoganglioside(GD2) antibodies in treating high-risk neuroblastoma in children.DATA SOURCES:A literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (all searches 1990-August 2012) using the terms neuroblastoma, immunotherapy, 3F8, ch14.18, and hu14.18. Meeting abstracts presented between 1990 and 2012 from the American Society of Clinical Oncology, European Society for Medical Oncology, the American Society of Pediatric Hematology Oncol...
Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy - February 5, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Parsons K, Bernhardt B, Strickland B Tags: Ann Pharmacother Source Type: research

Visual Hallucinations Treated with the Reinitiation of Memantine in a Patient with Lewy Body Dementia (February).
CONCLUSIONS:The literature investigating the use of memantine for the psychiatric symptoms of DLB is limited but there are data noting results similar to what we observed in our patient when his memantine was discontinued and reinitiated. PMID: 23386073 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy - February 5, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mathys ML, McCarrell J, Sleeper RB, Blaszczyk AT Tags: Ann Pharmacother Source Type: research

Hepatocyte growth factor sensitizes brain tumors to c-Met kinase inhibition.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings allow the identification of a subset of patients that will be responsive to c-MET inhibition, and propose ligand pre-treatment as a potential new strategy for improving the anti-cancer efficacy of RTK inhibitors. PMID: 23386689 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhang Y, Farenholtz K, Yang Y, Guessous F, Dipierro CG, Calvert V, Deng J, Schiff D, Xin W, Lee J, Purow BW, Christensen JG, Petricoin EF, Abounader R Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Whither pathogenetic treatments for diabetic polyneuropathy?
Abstract Diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) occurs in around one-third of patients with diabetes and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. Diagnosis and clinical assessment of DSPN remains a challenge, not only for the physician in clinical practice but also for clinical trials. Optimal diabetes control is generally considered an essential first step in the prevention and management of DSPN. However, glycaemic control alone may be insufficient to prevent the development or progression of DSPN, especially in type 2 diabetes. Near-normoglycaemia is also difficult to achieve in...
Source: Pain Physician - February 5, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Boulton AJ, Kempler P, Ametov A, Ziegler D Tags: Diabetes Metab Res Rev Source Type: research

Childhood Maltreatment Affects the Serotonergic System in Male Alcohol-Dependent Individuals.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to show that self-reported childhood maltreatment, in particular emotional abuse, in male alcohol-dependent individuals is associated with a quite dramatic (more than 90%) reduction in central serotonergic neurotransmission. It should, however, be noted that the number of individuals is relatively small, and the results should therefore be considered as preliminary. PMID: 23384117 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - February 5, 2013 Category: Addiction Authors: Berglund KJ, Balldin J, Berggren U, Gerdner A, Fahlke C Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Brief Report: Is Cognitive Rehabilitation Needed in Verbal Adults with Autism? Insights from Initial Enrollment in a Trial of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy.
This study examined the initial cognitive performance characteristics of 40 verbal adults with autism enrolled in a pilot trial of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy to investigate the need for cognitive rehabilitation in this population. Results revealed marked and broad deficits across neurocognitive and social-cognitive domains, despite above-average IQ. Areas of greatest impairment included processing speed, cognitive flexibility, and emotion perception and management. These findings indicate the need for comprehensive interventions designed to enhance cognition among verbal adults with autism who have intact intellectual f...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - February 5, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Eack SM, Bahorik AL, Hogarty SS, Greenwald DP, Litschge MY, Mazefsky CA, Minshew NJ Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

Visualization and Analysis of Eye Movement Data from Children with Typical and Atypical Development.
Abstract Looking at other children's interactions provides rich learning opportunities for a small child. How children with autism look at other children is largely unknown. Using eye tracking, we studied gaze performance in children with autism and neurotypical comparison children while they were watching videos of semi-naturalistic social interactions between young children. Using a novel, bottom-up approach we identified event-related measures that distinguished between groups with high accuracy. The observed effects remained in a subset of the total sample matched on IQ, and were replicated across several diffe...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - February 5, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Falck-Ytter T, von Hofsten C, Gillberg C, Fernell E Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

miR-7 Suppresses Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells By Modulating KLF4.
In this report, we found that CSCs (CD24(-)/CD44(+)/ESA(+)) isolated from metastatic breast cell lines are significantly more metastatic than non-CSC populations in an organ-specific manner. The results of our microRNA (miRNA) profile analysis for these cells revealed that CSCs that are highly metastatic to bone and brain expressed significantly lower level of miR-7 and that this miRNA was capable of modulating one of the essential genes for induced pluripotent stem cell, KLF4. Interestingly, high expression of KLF4 was significantly and inversely correlated to brain but not bone metastasis-free survival of patients with b...
Source: Cell Research - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Okuda H, Xing F, Pandey PR, Sharma S, Watabe M, Pai SK, Mo YY, Iiizumi-Gairani M, Hirota S, Liu Y, Wu K, Pochampally R, Watabe K Tags: Cancer Res Source Type: research

Proteomics Reveals Intersexual Differences in the Rat Brain Hippocampus.
In this study, we investigated the intersexual differences in protein expression of hippocampi using the two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis. In all, 33 differentially expressed proteins were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and validated by Western-blotting analysis. In line with Western-blotting validation, the proteomic identification revealed the overexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in female rats' hippocampi, and the overexpression of both creatine kinase B-type and DRP-2 in male rats' hippocampi. The intersexual differences in hippocam...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 5, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Yang J, Hu LL, Liu LY, Zhao LY, Hou N, Ni L, Li ZF, Wang AY, Song TS, Huang C Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

Expression of Transcription Factor Satb2 in Adult Mouse Brain.
Abstract Previous investigations on the expression and function of special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2 (Satb2) are largely limited to the cerebral cortex. Here, we explore the expression of Satb2 thoroughly by immunohistochemistry in the adult mouse central nervous system (CNS). Besides the cerebral cortex, we found that Satb2 is specifically expressed in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, horizontal limb of the diagonal band, lateral hypothalamic area, arcuate nucleus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, ventral tegmental nucleus, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, dorsal raphe nucleus, rostral perioli...
Source: Anatomical Record - February 5, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Huang Y, Song NN, Lan W, Hu L, Su CJ, Ding YQ, Zhang L Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

Gallic Acid Modulates Cerebral Oxidative Stress Conditions and Activities of Enzyme-Dependent Signaling Systems in Streptozotocin-Treated Rats.
Abstract Redox imbalances and altered signaling processes in the brain are characteristic features of diabetic complications. Hence, the present study therefore sought to evaluate the effect of gallic acid (GA) on disturbed redox systems and activity of neurotransmission signaling dependent enzymes such as sodium pump, purinergic enzymes and acetylcholinesterase in diabetic animal models. We observed that GA markedly improves the antioxidant status of diabetic animals. Furthermore, the diminution of the activity of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase and increased activities of acetylcholinesterase and the purinergic enzymes associa...
Source: Neurochemical Research - February 5, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kade IJ, Rocha JB Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Differential expression of VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 in the trigeminothalamic or trigeminocerebellar projection neurons in the rat.
Abstract The vesicular glutamate transporters, VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, reportedly display complementary distribution in the rat brain. However, co-expression of them in single neurons has been reported in some brain areas. We previously found co-expression of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 mRNAs in a number of single neurons in the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus (Vp) of the adult rat; the majority of these neurons sent their axons to the thalamic regions around the posteromedial ventral nucleus (VPM) and the posterior nuclei (Po). It is well known that trigeminothalamic (T-T) projection fibers arise not only from the Vp but al...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - February 5, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ge SN, Li ZH, Tang J, Ma Y, Hioki H, Zhang T, Lu YC, Zhang FX, Mizuno N, Kaneko T, Liu YY, Lung MS, Gao GD, Li JL Tags: Brain Struct Funct Source Type: research

Lactate oxidation in human skeletal muscle mitochondria.
Abstract Lactate is an important intermediate metabolite in human bioenergetics and is oxidized in many different tissues including the heart, brain, kidney, adipose tissue, liver and skeletal muscle. The mechanism(s) explaining the metabolism of lactate in these tissues, however, remains unclear. Here, we analyze the ability of skeletal muscle to respire lactate using an in situ mitochondrial preparation that leaves the native tubular reticulum and subcellular interactions of the organelle unaltered. Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from the m. vastus lateralis in 16 human subjects. Samples were chemically p...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 5, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Jacobs RA, Meinild AK, Nordsborg NB, Lundby C Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research