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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 22.

Abundant pyroglutamate-modified ABri and ADan peptides in extracellular and vascular amyloid deposits in familial British and Danish dementias
Abstract: Familial British and familial Danish dementia (FDD) are progressive neurodegenerative disorders characterized by cerebral deposition of the amyloidogenic peptides ABri and ADan, respectively. These amyloid peptides start with an N-terminal glutamate residue, which can be posttranslationally converted into a pyroglutamate (pGlu) modified form, a mechanism which has been extensively described to be relevant for amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides in Alzheimer's disease. Like pGlu-Aβ peptides, pGlu-ABri peptides have an increased aggregation propensity and show higher toxicity on human neuroblastoma cells as their nonmodif...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - December 26, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Anika Saul, Tammaryn Lashley, Tamas Revesz, Janice Holton, Jorge A. Ghiso, Janaky Coomaraswamy, Oliver Wirths Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: research

Pyoderma Gangrenosum With Wrist Joint Destruction: Case Report
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, noninfectious, neurotrophic dermatosis. We observed a case of PG mimicking cutaneous and osteoarticular infections that presented with a prolonged ulcer on the forearm, severe wrist pain, anemia, substantial local and systemic inflammation as evaluated by serum laboratory data, and carpal osteolysis. Although PG rarely damages joints, the ulcer extended to the joint and destroyed the osteochondral tissues. Advanced ulcerative colitis, which is a most common comorbidity of PG, proved to be an underlying disease. Antibiotic and surgical treatment did not heal the ulcer, which was successf...
Source: The Journal of Hand Surgery - December 26, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Hyonmin Choe, Hiroaki Sakano, Hidetake Takigami, Yutaka Inaba, Kosuke Matsuo, Tomoyuki Saito Tags: Scientific Articles Source Type: research

Neurotization to Innervate the Deltoid and Biceps: 3 Cases
Conclusions: Direct muscle neurotization has shown promising results in numerous basic science investigations and a limited number of clinical cases. The current series provides additional clinical and electrodiagnostic evidence that direct muscle neurotization can successfully provide reinnervation, even after lengthy delays from injury to surgical treatment. Clinical relevance: Microsurgeons should consider direct muscle neurotization as a viable adjunct treatment and part of a comprehensive reconstructive plan, especially for injuries associated with avulsion of the distal nerve stump from its insertion into the muscle.
Source: The Journal of Hand Surgery - December 26, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: Christopher J. Dy, Alison Kitay, Rohit Garg, Lana Kang, Joseph H. Feinberg, Scott W. Wolfe Tags: Scientific Articles Source Type: research

Ablation of the sphenopalatine ganglion does not attenuate the infarct reducing effect of vagus nerve stimulation.
In this study, we investigated whether the infarct reducing effect of VNS was mediated by activation of the parasympathetic vasodilator fibers that originate from the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) and innervate the anterior cerebral circulation. We examined the effects of electrical stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve in two groups of rats: one with and one without SPG ablation. Electrical stimulation was initiated 30min after induction of ischemia, and lasted for 1h. Measurement of infarct size 24h later revealed that the volume of ischemic damage was smaller in those animals that received VNS treatment (41.32±2.07% ...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - December 26, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ay I, Ay H Tags: Auton Neurosci Source Type: research

γ‐Aminobutyric acid type a receptor inhibition triggers a nicotinic neuroprotective mechanism
Abstract Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)‐mediated neuroprotection has been implicated in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and hypoxic ischemic events as well as other diseases hallmarked by excitotoxic and apoptotic neuronal death. Several modalities of nicotinic neuroprotection have been reported. However, although this process generally involves α4β2 and α7 subtypes, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Interestingly, both activation and inhibition of α7 nAChRs have been reported to be neuroprotective. We have shown that inhibition of α7 n...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - December 26, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P.A. Ferchmin, Dinely Pérez, William Castro Alvarez, Mario A. Penzo, Héctor M. Maldonado, Vesna A. Eterovic Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Dichlorvos‐induced cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair activation in primary rat microglial cells
Abstract Dichlorvos, an organophosphate (OP), is known to cause oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS). Previously we have shown that dichlorvos treatment promoted the levels of proinflammatory molecules and ultimately induced apoptotic cell death in primary microglial cells. Here we studied the effect of dichlorvos on crucial cell cycle regulatory proteins and the DNA damage sensor ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated (ATM). We found a significant increase in p53 and its downstream target, p21, levels in dichlorvos‐treated microglial cells compared with control cells. Moreover, dichlorvos exposure promoted the ...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - December 26, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Aditya Sunkaria, Willayat Yousuf Wani, Deep Raj Sharma, Kiran Dip Gill Tags: Minireview Source Type: research

Impaired synaptic clustering of postsynaptic density proteins and altered signal transmission in hippocampal neurons, and disrupted learning behavior in PDZ1 and PDZ2 ligand binding-deficient PSD-95 knockin mice
Conclusions: These findings reveal that PSD-95 including its ligand binding of the PDZ1/2 domains controls the synaptic clustering of PSD-MAGUKs and AMPA receptors, which may have an essential role in regulating hippocampal synaptic transmission, plasticity, and hippocampus-dependent behavior.
Source: Molecular Brain - December 26, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hitoshi NaguraYasuyuki IshikawaKatsunori KobayashiKeizo TakaoTomo TanakaKouki NishikawaHideki TamuraSadao ShiosakaHidenori SuzukiTsuyoshi MiyakawaYoshinori FujiyoshiTomoko Doi Source Type: research

A cellular mechanism for cortical associations: an organizing principle for the cerebral cortex.
This article explores the experimental evidence and the implications for how the cortex operates. PMID: 23273272 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Trends in Neurosciences - December 25, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Larkum M Tags: Trends Neurosci Source Type: research

Evidence for Involvement of Uncoupling Proteins in Cerebral Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Deficiency of Rats Exposed to 5,000 m High Altitude.
In conclusion, UCPs mediated proton leak is closely related to cerebral mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation deficiency during acute high altitude hypoxia and NEFA is involved in this signaling pathway. PMID: 23266757 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurochemical Research - December 25, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Xu Y, Liu Y, Xia C, Gao P, Liu JZ Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Activation of 5-HT6 Receptors Modulates Sleep–Wake Activity and Hippocampal Theta Oscillation
ACS Chemical NeuroscienceDOI: 10.1021/cn300184t
Source: ACS Chemical Neuroscience - December 24, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Susanna Ly, Bano Pishdari, Ling Ling Lok, Mihaly Hajos and Bernat Kocsis Source Type: research

Perlecan Domain V Therapy for Stroke: A Beacon of Hope?
ACS Chemical NeuroscienceDOI: 10.1021/cn300197y
Source: ACS Chemical Neuroscience - December 24, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gregory J Bix Source Type: research

A Dialogue between the Immune System and Brain, Spoken in the Language of Serotonin
ACS Chemical NeuroscienceDOI: 10.1021/cn300186b
Source: ACS Chemical Neuroscience - December 24, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nicole L. Baganz and Randy D. Blakely Source Type: research

Partial Agonism of 5-HT3 Receptors: A Novel Approach to the Symptomatic Treatment of IBS-D
ACS Chemical NeuroscienceDOI: 10.1021/cn300166c
Source: ACS Chemical Neuroscience - December 24, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nicholas A. Moore, Bruce J. Sargent, David D. Manning and Peter R. Guzzo Source Type: research

The Most Popular Scientific American Stories of 2012
The top 10 most popular stories published in 2012: [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - December 24, 2012 Category: Science Tags: More Science,Infectious Diseases,Environment,Health,Math,Mind & Brain,Physics,Space,Technology,Society Policy,More Science,Energy Sustainability,Science Education,Climate,Neuroscience,Psychology,Thought Cognition,Biology,Chemistry Source Type: research

Toward the Neurovascular Unit A Journey in Clinical Translation: 2012 Thomas Willis Lecture [Special Report]
The Nobel laureate Max Delbrück often said that it is the crossover between disciplines where advances are possible in science. This certainly has been true for our understanding of the vascular biology of the central nervous system in the setting of ischemic stroke. The ability to cross the boundaries of hemostasis, neurology, hematology, and neuroscience has facilitated our research direction to define the relation of the microvasculature to neuron function. Work begun with the clinical scientific exploration of the contributions of arterial thrombosis to the acute injury processes initiated by focal cerebral ischem...
Source: Stroke - December 24, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: del Zoppo, G. J. Tags: Special Report Source Type: research

Exploiting object constancy: effects of active exploration and shape morphing on similarity judgments of novel objects.
Abstract Humans are experts at shape processing. This expertise has been learned and fine tuned by actively manipulating and perceiving thousands of objects during development. Therefore, shape processing possesses an active component and a perceptual component. Here, we investigate both components in six experiments in which participants view and/or interact with novel, parametrically defined 3D objects using a touch-screen interface. For probing shape processing, we use a similarity rating task. In Experiments 1-3, we show that active manipulation leads to a better perceptual reconstruction of the physical parame...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - December 24, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lee H, Wallraven C Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Familial dysautonomia (Riley-Day syndrome): When baroreceptor feedback fails.
Abstract Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare hereditary disorder caused by mutations within the gene that encodes for I-κ-B kinase complex associated protein (IKAP). A deficiency of IKAP affects the development of primary sensory neurons including those carrying baroreflex afferent volleys, a feature that explains their characteristic sensory loss and labile blood pressure. This review describes the history, the genotype of FD and the unusual cardiovascular autonomic phenotype of these patients. We outline the main consequences of a failure to receive information from arterial baroreceptors, including the charact...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - December 24, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Kaufmann H Tags: Auton Neurosci Source Type: research

Adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy presenting with REM sleep behavior disorder
Adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy (ADLD) is a slowly progressive hereditary disease of the white matter caused by duplication of the nuclear lamina protein lamin B1 on chromosome 5q23.2.1 Patients usually present in the 4th–5th decade with autonomic symptoms followed by pyramidal and cerebellar dysfunction.2 In ADLD, MRI head reveals symmetric T2-signal hyperintensities in the subcortical white matter, brainstem, and middle cerebellar peduncles.2 REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by dream enactment behavior and REM sleep without atonia.3 It has been reported most commonly wit...
Source: Neurology - December 24, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Flanagan, E. P., Gavrilova, R. H., Boeve, B. F., Kumar, N., Jelsing, E. J., Silber, M. H. Tags: Leukodystrophies, Parasomnias CLINICAL/SCIENTIFIC NOTES Source Type: research

Inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion: CRPS is associated with the presence of a proinflammatory state in the blood, blister fluid, and CSF. Different inflammatory profiles were found for acute and chronic cases.
Source: Neurology - December 24, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Parkitny, L., McAuley, J. H., Di Pietro, F., Stanton, T. R., O'Connell, N. E., Marinus, J., van Hilten, J. J., Moseley, G. L. Tags: All Immunology, All Pain, Neuropathic pain VIEWS & amp;amp; REVIEWS Source Type: research

Neuronal reference frames for social decisions in primate frontal cortex
Nature Neuroscience 16, 243 (2013). doi:10.1038/nn.3287 Authors: Steve W C Chang, Jean-François Gariépy & Michael L Platt
Source: Nature Neuroscience - December 23, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Steve W C ChangJean-François GariépyMichael L Platt Tags: Article Source Type: research

A subpopulation of nociceptors specifically linked to itch
Nature Neuroscience 16, 174 (2013). doi:10.1038/nn.3289 Authors: Liang Han, Chao Ma, Qin Liu, Hao-Jui Weng, Yiyuan Cui, Zongxiang Tang, Yushin Kim, Hong Nie, Lintao Qu, Kush N Patel, Zhe Li, Benjamin McNeil, Shaoqiu He, Yun Guan, Bo Xiao, Robert H LaMotte & Xinzhong Dong
Source: Nature Neuroscience - December 23, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Liang HanChao MaQin LiuHao-Jui WengYiyuan CuiZongxiang TangYushin KimHong NieLintao QuKush N PatelZhe LiBenjamin McNeilShaoqiu HeYun GuanBo XiaoRobert H LaMotteXinzhong Dong Tags: Article Source Type: research

Clinical outcome of mechanical circulatory support for refractory cardiogenic shock in the current era
Conclusions: In the current era, roughly half of the patients who need an MCSD for RCS survive, and roughly half of these survivors require an implantable VAD. Ongoing CPR is predictive of in-hospital mortality.
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - December 22, 2012 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Hiroo Takayama, Lauren Truby, Michael Koekort, Nir Uriel, Paolo Colombo, Donna M. Mancini, Ulrich P. Jorde, Yoshifumi Naka Tags: Original Clinical Science Source Type: research

Human trace fear conditioning: right-lateralized cortical activity supports trace-interval processes.
Abstract Pavlovian conditioning requires the convergence and simultaneous activation of neural circuitry that supports conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) processes. However, in trace conditioning, the CS and US are separated by a period of time called the trace interval, and thus do not overlap. Therefore, determining brain regions that support associative learning by maintaining a CS representation during the trace interval is an important issue for conditioning research. Prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research has identified brain regions that support trace-conditioning ...
Source: Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience - December 22, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Haritha AT, Wood KH, Ver Hoef LW, Knight DC Tags: Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci Source Type: research

Microglia-derived proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta induce Purkinje neuronal apoptosis via their receptors in hypoxic neonatal rat brain.
Abstract The developing cerebellum is extremely vulnerable to hypoxia which can damage the Purkinje neurons. We hypothesized that this might be mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) derived from activated microglia as in other brain areas. One-day-old rats were subjected to hypoxia following, which the expression changes of various proteins in the cerebellum including hypoxia inducible factor-1α, TNF-α, IL-1β, TNF-R(1) and IL-1R(1) were analyzed. Following hypoxic exposure, TNF-α and IL-1β immunoexpression in microglia was enhanced coupled by that of TNF-R(1) and IL-1R(1) i...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - December 22, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kaur C, Sivakumar V, Zou Z, Ling EA Tags: Brain Struct Funct Source Type: research

EFNS/MDS‐ES recommendations for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease
ConclusionsThe diagnosis of PD is still largely based on the correct identification of its clinical features. Selected investigations (genetic, olfactory, and neuroimaging studies) have an ancillary role in confirming the diagnosis, and some of them could be possibly used in the near future to identify subjects in a pre‐symptomatic phase of the disease.
Source: European Journal of Neurology - December 22, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: A. Berardelli, G. K. Wenning, A. Antonini, D. Berg, B. R. Bloem, V. Bonifati, D. Brooks, D. J. Burn, C. Colosimo, A. Fanciulli, J. Ferreira, T. Gasser, F. Grandas, P. Kanovsky, V. Kostic, J. Kulisevsky, W. Oertel, W. Poewe, J.‐P. Reese, M. Relja, E. Ruz Tags: EFNS/MDS‐ES Guidelines/CME Article Source Type: research

Summary of the recommendations of the EFNS/MDS‐ES review on therapeutic management of Parkinson's disease
ConclusionsFor each clinical indication, a list of therapeutic interventions is provided, including classification of evidence.
Source: European Journal of Neurology - December 22, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: J. J. Ferreira, R. Katzenschlager, B. R. Bloem, U. Bonuccelli, D. Burn, G. Deuschl, E. Dietrichs, G. Fabbrini, A. Friedman, P. Kanovsky, V. Kostic, A. Nieuwboer, P. Odin, W. Poewe, O. Rascol, C. Sampaio, M. Schüpbach, E. Tolosa, C. Trenkwalder, A. Schapi Tags: EFNS/MDS‐ES Guidelines Source Type: research

Contents/About the Cover
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

[News of the Week] Around the World
In science news around the world this week, polio vaccination campaign workers were killed in attacks in Pakistan, the latest results from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study are out, more changes are happening at theCancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas, and a court ruled that a German neuroscientist can continue his research on macaques.
Source: Science: Current Issue - December 21, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Stewart Wills (mailto:swills at aaas.org) Source Type: research

Isoluminant coloured stimuli are undetectable in blindsight even when they move.
Abstract Moving stimuli are the most effective of all in eliciting blindsight. The detection of static luminance-matched coloured stimuli is negligible or even impossible in blindsight. However, moving coloured stimuli on an achromatic background have not been tested. We therefore tested two blindsighted hemianopes, one of them highly experienced and the other much less so, to determine whether they could perform what should be one of the simplest of all motion tasks: detecting when an array of coloured stimuli moves. On each trial, they were presented in the hemianopic field with an array of spots, all red or gree...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Alexander I, Cowey A Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Merlot Red Wine Extract and its Major Polyphenols in Pc12 Cells under Oxidative Stress Conditions
Abstract: The potential effect of the extracts from free‐run and pressed Merlot red wine has been evaluated in PC12 cells under oxidative stress situation. Comparing both vinification process, pressed Merlot red wine extract possessed higher neuroprotective activity than the free run wine, possibly attributed to the major content in all global polyphenolic families. High performance liquid chromatography determination of individual polyphenols showed that the major compounds found in Merlot red wine extract were quercetin, catechin, epicatechin, tyrosol, gallic acid, and procyanidins. Pretreatments with these polyphen...
Source: Journal of Food Science - December 21, 2012 Category: Food Science Authors: Sara Martín, Elena González‐Burgos, M. Emilia Carretero, M. Pilar Gómez‐Serranillos Source Type: research

Cognition and Sensation in Very High Static Magnetic Fields: A Randomized Case-Crossover Study with Different Field Strengths [Medical Physics]
Conclusion: Static magnetic fields as high as 7.0 T did not have a significant effect on cognition. © RSNA, 2012
Source: Radiology - December 21, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Heinrich, A., Szostek, A., Meyer, P., Nees, F., Rauschenberg, J., Grobner, J., Gilles, M., Paslakis, G., Deuschle, M., Semmler, W., Flor, H. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Physics and Basic Science Medical Physics Source Type: research

Evaluation of Clinically Translatable MR Imaging Biomarkers of Therapeutic Response in the TH-MYCN Transgenic Mouse Model of Neuroblastoma [Experimental Studies]
Conclusion: The T1 relaxation time is a robust noninvasive imaging biomarker of response to therapy in tumors in TH-MYCN mice, which emulate high-risk neuroblastoma in children. T1 measurements can be readily implemented on clinical MR systems and should be investigated in translational clinical trials of new targeted therapies for pediatric neuroblastoma. © RSNA, 2012 Supplemental material:http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12120128/-/DC1
Source: Radiology - December 21, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Jamin, Y., Tucker, E. R., Poon, E., Popov, S., Vaughan, L., Boult, J. K. R., Webber, H., Hallsworth, A., Baker, L. C. J., Jones, C., Koh, D.-M., Pearson, A. D. J., Chesler, L., Robinson, S. P. Tags: Neuroradiology, Biomarkers/Quantitative Imaging Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Perfusion Imaging in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Let Us Improve the Science before Changing Clinical Practice [Controversies]
Source: Radiology - December 21, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Goyal, M., Menon, B. K., Derdeyn, C. P. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroradiology, Computed Tomography Controversies Source Type: research

Increased cerebral blood flow in the right frontal lobe area during sleep precedes self-awakening in humans
Conclusions: These findings demonstrate a correlation between self-awakening and a pre-awakening increase in hemodynamic activation in the right prefrontal cortex, suggesting the structure's contribution to time estimation ability.
Source: BMC Neuroscience - Latest articles - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sayaka AritakeShigekazu HiguchiHiroyuki SuzukiKenichi KuriyamaMinori EnomotoTakahiro SoshiShingo KitamuraAkiko HidaKazuo Mishima Source Type: research

Parietal and prefrontal neurons driven to distraction
Nature Neuroscience 16, 8 (2013). doi:10.1038/nn.3291 Authors: Behrad Noudoost & Tirin Moore The ability to filter out distracting sensory information is crucial to adaptive behavior. A primate study finds that prefrontal cortex is more important than parietal cortex in that function.
Source: Nature Neuroscience - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Behrad NoudoostTirin Moore Tags: News and Views Source Type: research

Retooling spare parts: gene duplication and cognition
Nature Neuroscience 16, 6 (2013). doi:10.1038/nn.3292 Authors: T Grant Belgard & Daniel H Geschwind Two new studies provide experimental evidence of how ancient genomic duplications of synaptic genes provided the substrate for diversification that ultimately expanded vertebrate cognitive complexity.
Source: Nature Neuroscience - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T Grant BelgardDaniel H Geschwind Tags: News and Views Source Type: research

Forgiving the sins of the fathers
Nature Neuroscience 16, 4 (2013). doi:10.1038/nn.3288 Authors: Michael D Scofield & Peter W Kalivas In a case of sex-linked epigenetic inheritance, paternal cocaine use results in a heritable increase in cortical Bdnf gene expression that confers a cocaine-resistant phenotype in male, but not female, progeny.
Source: Nature Neuroscience - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Michael D ScofieldPeter W Kalivas Tags: News and Views Source Type: research

How do environments talk to genes?
Nature Neuroscience 16, 2 (2013). doi:10.1038/nn.3286 Author: Moshe Szyf A report elucidates the widely recognized, but poorly understood, concept of gene-environment interaction, finding a molecular mechanism in the case of post-traumatic stress disorder: demethylation of a glucocorticoid response element in the stress response regulator FKBP5 that depends on both the risk allele and childhood trauma.
Source: Nature Neuroscience - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Moshe Szyf Tags: News and Views Source Type: research

Making methods clearer
Nature Neuroscience 16, 1 (2013). doi:10.1038/nn0113-1 Nature Neuroscience introduces a methods reporting checklist.
Source: Nature Neuroscience - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Infusion of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor into the ventral tegmental area switches the substrates mediating ethanol motivation
Abstract Recent work has shown that infusion of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) promotes a switch in the mechanisms mediating morphine motivation, from a dopamine‐independent to a dopamine‐dependent pathway. Here we showed that a single infusion of intra‐VTA BDNF also promoted a switch in the mechanisms mediating ethanol motivation, from a dopamine‐dependent to a dopamine‐independent pathway (exactly opposite to that seen with morphine). We suggest that intra‐VTA BDNF, via its actions on TrkB receptors, precipitates a switch similar to that which occurs naturally...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ryan Ting‐A‐Kee, Hector Vargas‐Perez, Mary‐Rose Bufalino, Amine Bahi, Jean‐Luc Dreyer, Rachel F. Tyndale, Derek Kooy Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

Auditory cortex of the marmoset monkey – complex responses to tones and vocalizations under opiate anaesthesia in core and belt areas
Abstract Many anaesthetics commonly used in auditory research severely depress cortical responses, particularly in the supragranular layers of the primary auditory cortex and in non‐primary areas. This is particularly true when stimuli other than simple tones are presented. Although awake preparations allow better preservation of the neuronal responses, there is an inherent limitation to this approach whenever the physiological data need to be combined with histological reconstruction or anatomical tracing. Here we tested the efficacy of an opiate‐based anaesthetic regime to study physiological responses in the primary...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ramesh Rajan, Vladimir Dubaj, David H. Reser, Marcello G. P. Rosa Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

Upstairs/downstairs revisited: spatial pretraining‐induced rescue of normal spatial learning during selective blockade of hippocampal N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors
This study explored further the circumstances in which this training‐induced ‘rescue’ of later learning in the presence of the NMDA receptor antagonist 2‐amino‐5‐phosphonovaleric acid (D‐AP5) can occur. D‐AP5 (0, 10, 20 and 30 mm in artificial cerebrospinal fluid) was infused continuously (0.5 μL/h, from a minipump) and bilaterally into the dorsal hippocampus during spatial‐reference‐memory training in a watermaze (4 trials/day, 8 days). This was preceded either by handling only or by identical spatial training in another watermaze in a separate laboratory with different extramaze cues. In naïve r...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jennifer Inglis, Stephen J. Martin, Richard G. M. Morris Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

Associations between non‐restorative sleep, short sleep duration and suicidality: Findings from a representative sample of Korean adolescents
ConclusionsNon‐restorative sleep as well as short sleep duration are significantly associated with suicidal ideation in adolescents. This finding highlights the need to assess for both non‐restorative sleep and short sleep duration when screening suicide risk in adolescents. Future research should examine the moderating or mediating effects of individual and environmental characteristics on the association between sleep and actual suicide attempt.
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - December 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jae Hong Park, Jae‐Ho Yoo, Seong Hwan Kim Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Developmental Trajectories of the Fronto-Temporal Lobes from Infancy to Early Adulthood in Healthy Individuals
Dev Neurosci (DOI:10.1159/000345152)
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - December 20, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Review of posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic pain: the path to integrated care.
Abstract With the large number of Veterans experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain, the purpose of this article is to review the prevalence of PTSD and chronic pain, the theoretical models that explain the maintenance of both conditions, and the challenges faced by providers and families who care for these patients. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)/Department of Defense (DOD) VA/DOD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Post-Traumatic Stress with special attention to chronic pain is presented. Limited scientific evidence supports specific care and treatment of PTSD and chro...
Source: J Rehabil Res Dev - December 20, 2012 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Gibson CA Tags: J Rehabil Res Dev Source Type: research

Report on the 11th annual scientific meeting of the Asian and Oceanian Myology Center, Kyoto 2012
The 11th annual scientific meeting of the Asian and Oceanian Myology Center (AOMC) was held Japan on 6–8 June, 2012 at the Inamori and Yamauchi Halls in Kyoto, and dedicated to Dr. Woon Chee Yee (1946–2011), a founding member of AOMC, one time Secretary of its Executive Board and Vice-President from 2007. Dr. Yee was an excellent clinician and dedicated scientist and also President of Muscular Dystrophy Association (Singapore). As a tragic irony, he succumbed to leiomyosarcoma, a very rare form of muscle cancer, on 31st August 2011, just six weeks after diagnosis. In his honour, 10 fellowships were awarded to young sci...
Source: Neuromuscular Disorders - December 20, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Allan H. Bretag Tags: Meeting Reports Source Type: research

Calcyclin binding protein and Siah-1 interacting protein in Alzheimer's disease pathology: neuronal localization and possible function
Abstract: The calcyclin binding protein and Siah-1 interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP) protein was shown to play a role in the organization of microtubules. In this work we have examined the neuronal distribution and possible function of CacyBP/SIP in cytoskeletal pathophysiology. We have used brain tissue from Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and from transgenic mice modeling 2 different pathologies characteristic for AD: amyloid and tau. In the brain from AD patients, CacyBP/SIP was found to be almost exclusively present in neuronal somata, and in control patients it was seen in the somata and neuronal processes. In mice ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - December 20, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Urszula Wasik, Gabriela Schneider, Anna Mietelska-Porowska, Marcin Mazurkiewicz, Hanna Fabczak, Serge Weis, Claudia Zabke, Charles R. Harrington, Anna Filipek, Grazyna Niewiadomska Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: research

IgE has different effects on mast cell subtypes
In this study, we investigated whether IgE could exert different actions depending on mast cell subtypes in different anatomical locations. Prior injection with hapten-specific or irrelevant IgE into the FP of wild-type or B cell knockout mice inhibited the innate-type ITH. This inhibition was detected in KitW/KitW-Vmice reconstituted with BMMCs pretreated with hapten-specific or irrelevant IgE 3-4 weeks after injection. The inhibitory effect of IgE was reproduced in the KitW/KitW-V mice reconstituted with CTLMCs without maturation period. Degranulation of WT CTLMCs induced by NMU was inhibited by pretreatment of IgE which...
Source: Journal of Dermatological Science - December 20, 2012 Category: Dermatology Authors: Yoshiko Mizukawa, Yurie Komatsu, Yoshimi Yamazaki, Tetsuo Shiohara Tags: Abstracts from the 37th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology Source Type: research