Neuroscience Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 35.

Maturation of the auditory t-complex brain response across adolescence.
This study tested if the brain's functional processing of sound changed across adolescence. We measured passive auditory t-complex peaks to pure tones and consonant-vowel (CV) syllables in 90 children and adolescents aged 10-18 years, as well as 10 adults. Across adolescence, Na amplitude increased to tones and speech at the right, but not left, temporal site. Ta amplitude decreased at the right temporal site for tones, and at both sites for speech. The Tb remained constant at both sites. The Na and Ta appeared to mature later in the right than left hemisphere. The t-complex peaks Na and Tb exhibited left lateralization an...
Source: International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mahajan Y, McArthur G Tags: Int J Dev Neurosci Source Type: research

Hippocampal Glutamate Level and Glutamate Aspartate Transporter (GLAST) are Up-Regulated in Senior Rat Associated with Isoflurane-Induced Spatial Learning/Memory Impairment.
This study investigates the question whether glutamate concentration and corresponding transporters or receptors display any alternations in aged rat suffering from isoflurane-induced learning/memory impairment. 111 male Sprague-Dawley rats (>18 months) were randomly divided into two main groups: hippocampal microdialysis group (n = 38) and western blotting group (n = 73). Each group was subdivided into three subgroups including (1) control subgroup (n = 6 and 10, receiving no behavioral trial, anesthesia or air exposure); (2) air-exposed subgroup (n = 7 and 15, receiving behavioral trial and air exposure but n...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Qu X, Xu C, Wang H, Xu J, Liu W, Wang Y, Jia X, Xie Z, Xu Z, Ji C, Wu A, Yue Y Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Characterization of Basal and Morphine-Induced Uridine Release in the Striatum: An In Vivo Microdialysis Study in Mice.
Abstract Uridine, a pyrimidine nucleoside, has been proposed to be a potential signaling molecule in the central nervous system. The understanding of uridine release in the brain is therefore of fundamental importance. The present study was performed to determine the characteristics of basal and morphine-induced uridine release in the striatum of freely moving mice by using the microdialysis technique. To ascertain whether extracellular uridine was derived from neuronal release, the following criteria were applied: sensitivity to (a) K(+) depolarization, (b) Na(+) channel blockade and (c) removal of extracellular C...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Song W, Wu CF, Liu P, Xiang RW, Wang F, Dong YX, Yang JY Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Treatment In vitro of Retinal Cells with IL-4 Increases the Survival of Retinal Ganglion Cells: The Involvement of BDNF.
Abstract Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in many functions during the development as well as in adult life. Previous work from our group demonstrated, in vitro, that this interleukin is able to prevent rat retinal ganglion cells death after axotomy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the signaling pathways involved in this trophic effect, particularly the cAMP pathway and also to demonstrate the expression of IL-4 in retinas at different stages of post natal development. Our results show that the trophic effect of IL-4 on rat retinal ganglion cells is dependent on the activation...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: de Araujo-Martins L, de Oliveira RM, Dos Santos GV, Dos Santos RC, Dos Santos AA, Giestal de Araujo E Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Alteration in Glutathione Content and Associated Enzyme Activities in the Synaptic Terminals but not in the Non-synaptic Mitochondria from the Frontal Cortex of Parkinson's Disease Brains.
Abstract Altered redox dynamics contribute to physiological aging and Parkinson's disease (PD). This is reflected in the substantia nigra (SN) of PD patients as lowered antioxidant levels and elevated oxidative damage. Contrary to this observation, we previously reported that non-SN regions such as caudate nucleus and frontal cortex (FC) exhibited elevated antioxidants and lowered mitochondrial and oxidative damage indicating constitutive protective mechanisms in PD brains. To investigate whether the sub-cellular distribution of antioxidants could contribute to these protective effects, we examined the distribution...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Harish G, Mahadevan A, Srinivas Bharath MM, Shankar SK Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

H2 Gas Improves Functional Outcome After Cardiac Arrest to an Extent Comparable to Therapeutic Hypothermia in a Rat Model [Resuscitation Science]
Conclusions Inhalation of H2 gas is a favorable strategy to mitigate mortality and functional outcome of post-CA syndrome in a rat model, either alone or in combination with TH.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 16, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hayashida, K., Sano, M., Kamimura, N., Yokota, T., Suzuki, M., Maekawa, Y., Kawamura, A., Abe, T., Ohta, S., Fukuda, K., Hori, S. Tags: Resuscitation Science Source Type: research

Addressing Challenges to MMPI-2-RF-Based Testimony: Questions and Answers.
Abstract Introduction of a new version of a psychological test brings with it challenges that can be accentuated by the adversarial nature of the legal process. In the case of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), these challenges can be addressed by becoming familiar with the rationale for and the methods used in revising the inventory, the information contained in the test manuals, and the growing peer-reviewed literature on the test. Potential challenges to MMPI-2-RF-based testimony are identified in this article and discussed in question and answer format. The question...
Source: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology - October 16, 2012 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ben-Porath YS Tags: Arch Clin Neuropsychol Source Type: research

Use of carbamazepine and lamotrigine in a Taiwanese diabetic patient with bipolar disorder
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kuo‐Chun Chao, Mong‐Liang Lu, Winston W. Shen Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Rifampin–zotepine interaction reduces effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in a stable schizophrenia patient
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ming‐Shang Pai, Szu‐Nian Yang, I‐Shin Shiah Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Obsessive–compulsive disorder associated with sickle β‐thalassemia: A genetic link?
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gayatri Saraf, Biju Viswanath, Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy, Suresh Bada Math, YC Janardhan Reddy Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Effective surgical intervention for schizophrenia‐like symptoms and low event‐related potentials caused by arachnoid cyst
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tetsuya Shiga, Akira Wada, Yasuto Kunii, Shuntaro Itagaki, Jun Sakuma, Hirooki Yabe, Kiyoshi Saito, Shin‐ichi Niwa Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Psychosis and brain hypoperfusion in remitted phase of systemic lupus erythematosus
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hung‐Chieh Wu Chang, Chih‐Min Liu, Wei‐Lieh Huang, Shih‐Cheng Liao, Meng‐Jiuan Liou, Li‐Ren Chang Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Sudden cardiac death due to quetiapine overdose
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Georgios Papazisis, Orthodoxia Mastrogianni, Fotios Chatzinikolaou, Nikolaos Vasiliadis, Nikolaos Raikos Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Quetiapine‐induced insulin resistance after switching from blonanserin despite a loss in both bodyweight and waist circumference
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yutaro Suzuki, Takuro Sugai, Naoki Fukui, Junzo Watanabe, Shin Ono, Nobuto Tsuneyama, Mami Saito, Toshiyuki Someya Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Complex visual disturbances during maprotiline treatment
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tatsuki Yoshino, Koichi Nisijima, Katsutoshi Shioda, Satoshi Kato Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Hyperactive sexual desire in Klinefelter Syndrome: Treatment with sertraline
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Preeti Sinha, Pratheesh Pozhekkadavil Jnanaprakasan, Chittaranjan Andrade Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Prolactin concentrations during aripiprazole treatment in relation to sex, plasma drugs concentrations and genetic polymorphisms of dopamine D2 receptor and cytochrome P450 2D6 in Japanese patients with schizophrenia
ConclusionThe present study suggests that only sex plays a significant role in prolactin concentrations during aripiprazole treatment.
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Goyo Nagai, Kazuo Mihara, Akifumi Nakamura, Takeshi Suzuki, Kenji Nemoto, Shoko Kagawa, Ikuya Ohta, Hajime Arakaki, Tsuyoshi Kondo Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Effects of N‐acetyl cysteine on cognitive function in bipolar disorder
ConclusionsWhile an important pilot study, this study had a small sample size and included a limited battery of cognitive tests. Further investigations on the effects of NAC on cognitive performance in bipolar disorder are required.
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Olivia M. Dean, Ashley I. Bush, David L. Copolov, Kristy Kohlmann, Susan Jeavons, Ian Schapkaitz, Murray Anderson‐Hunt, Michael Berk Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the World Health Organization‐Five Well‐Being Index in elderly
ConclusionsThe WHO‐5 showed acceptable psychometric properties in elderly persons. It might be a useful tool to assess emotional well‐being and to detect depressive symptoms among older persons in primary care and community centers.
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ramona Lucas‐Carrasco Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Factor structure in the Camberwell Assessment of Need–Patient Version: The correlations with dimensions of illness, personality and quality of life of schizophrenia patients
Conclusions: A four‐factor structure mode, including social and cognitive functioning, emotion responsivity and coping with daily challenges, appears to fit CANSAS‐P items. These subscales may contribute to research and improve treatment of psychiatric patients.
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Michael S. Ritsner, Alexander Lisker, Marina Arbitman, Alexander Grinshpoon Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Clinical correlates associated with cognitive dysfunction in people with schizophrenia
ConclusionsThese results indicate that cognitive dysfunction of people with schizophrenia might be associated with negative and drug‐induced extrapyramidal symptoms, suggesting that their minimization would be important for improving cognitive dysfunction.
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tsunehiko Tanaka, Masahito Tomotake, Yoshinori Ueoka, Yasuhiro Kaneda, Kyoko Taniguchi, Masahito Nakataki, Shusuke Numata, Shinya Tayoshi, Ken Yamauchi, Satsuki Sumitani, Takashi Ohmori, Shu‐ichi Ueno, Tetsuro Ohmori Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Effects of psychosocial program for preparing long‐term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia for discharge from hospital: Randomized controlled trial
ConclusionThe present result is in agreement with past studies, and the DPP is useful in discharge support for patients with schizophrenia in Japan.
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - October 16, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sayaka Sato, Emi Ikebuchi, Nobuo Anzai, Shimpei Inoue Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Front & Back Matter
Dev Neurosci 2012;34:X (DOI:10.1159/000345126)
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Key Neuroanatomical Structures for Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment
Abstract The neuroanatomical substrate of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) has traditionally included the subcortex of the brain, especially sub-frontal white matter circuits, strategic areas of single infarction that may mediate cognitive impairment such as the dominant thalamus or angular gyrus, and the left hemisphere, and bilateral brain infarcts or volume-driven cortical-subcortical infarctions reaching a critical threshold of tissue loss or injury. We provide an update on the neuroanatomical substrates of VCI and emphasize the following structures or areas: (1) new concepts in relation to hippocampa...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Source Type: research

Discriminative stimulus effects of N,N-diisopropyltryptamine
Conclusions The discriminative stimulus effects of DiPT were similar those of a number of synthetic hallucinogens, only partially similar to those of DMT, but not similar to (+)-methamphetamine. The putative DiPT-induced auditory distortions do not lead to discriminative stimulus effects distinguishable from other hallucinogens. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original InvestigationPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00213-012-2891-xAuthors Theresa M Carbonaro, Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107-2699, USAMic...
Source: Psychopharmacology - October 15, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Psychopharmacology Source Type: research

Consolidation and reconsolidation of memory in black-capped chickadees ( Poecile atricapillus).
Multiple phases of protein synthesis are necessary for the synaptic modifications that consolidate long-term memory. The reconsolidation hypothesis supposes that information in long-term memory becomes labile and subject to change when retrieved and must be reconsolidated into long-term memory. The current study used the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin to examine memory consolidation in birds and to test the reconsolidation hypothesis. Black-capped chickadees store food and usually remember which of their caches they have emptied and which they have left full. In Experiment 1, anisomycin was injected either immediat...
Source: Behavioral Neuroscience - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Barrett, Matthew C.; Sherry, David F. Source Type: research

Moderate stress enhances immediate and delayed retrieval of educationally relevant material in healthy young men.
Retrieval practice is a powerful memory enhancer. However, in educational settings, test taking is often experienced as a stressful event. While it is known that stress can impair retrieval processes, little is known about the delayed consequences of testing memory for educationally relevant material under stressful conditions, which is the focus of the present study. Participants (38 women, 37 men) memorized a scientific text passage on Day 1. On Day 2, they were either exposed to a stressor (cold pressor test; CPS) or a warm water control, and immediately afterward, they were asked to recall the text passage (i.e., retri...
Source: Behavioral Neuroscience - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hupbach, Almut; Fieman, Rachel Source Type: research

Consolidation and reconsolidation of memory in black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus).
Multiple phases of protein synthesis are necessary for the synaptic modifications that consolidate long-term memory. The reconsolidation hypothesis supposes that information in long-term memory becomes labile and subject to change when retrieved and must be reconsolidated into long-term memory. The current study used the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin to examine memory consolidation in birds and to test the reconsolidation hypothesis. Black-capped chickadees store food and usually remember which of their caches they have emptied and which they have left full. In Experiment 1, anisomycin was injected either immediat...
Source: Behavioral Neuroscience - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Barrett, Matthew C.; Sherry, David F. Source Type: research

Auditory streaming by phase relations between components of harmonic complexes: A comparative study of human subjects and bird forebrain neurons.
Auditory streaming describes a percept in which a sequential series of sounds either is segregated into different streams or is integrated into one stream based on differences in their spectral or temporal characteristics. This phenomenon has been analyzed in human subjects (psychophysics) and European starlings (neurophysiology), presenting harmonic complex (HC) stimuli with different phase relations between their frequency components. Such stimuli allow evaluating streaming by temporal cues, as these stimuli only vary in the temporal waveform but have identical amplitude spectra. The present study applied the commonly us...
Source: Behavioral Neuroscience - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Dolležal, Lena-Vanessa; Itatani, Naoya; Günther, Stefanie; Klump, Georg M. Source Type: research

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the temporoparietal junction influences distinction of self from famous but not unfamiliar others.
Neuroimaging and studies using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have shown that a hierarchically organized neural network comprising the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and the prefrontal cortex is involved when discriminating one's own face from other faces. Less clear, however, is the role of attention in self–other distinction. Accordingly, the present study aimed at investigating the role of the right TPJ in self–other and other–other discrimination by using low-frequency repetitive TMS while controlling for attention. We tested 10 healthy right-handed subjects using a video task, which co...
Source: Behavioral Neuroscience - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Heinisch, Christine; Krüger, Marie C.; Brüne, Martin Source Type: research

How macaques view familiarity and gaze in conspecific faces.
In this study, rhesus macaques passively viewed faces of familiar and unfamiliar conspecifics whose head-and-eye gaze was directed either toward or away from the viewing monkey. The eyes of faces were viewed more than any other feature; furthermore, familiar eyes were viewed more than unfamiliar eyes. In contrast, ears, though not as salient as eyes, were viewed about twice as often for unfamiliar faces as familiar faces. Directed-gaze eyes were fixated earlier, and for a greater proportion of saccades than were the eyes of averted-gaze faces, suggesting that mutual gaze attracts a more immediate and sustained scanning of ...
Source: Behavioral Neuroscience - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Leonard, Timothy K.; Blumenthal, Galit; Gothard, Katalin M.; Hoffman, Kari L. Source Type: research

Physical exercise and catecholamine reuptake inhibitors affect orienting behavior and social interaction in a rat model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
The effects of methylphenidate (MPH), atomoxetine (ATMX), and/or physical exercise (EX) on orienting behavior and social interaction were examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), a commonly used animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). During the orienting procedure, rats received repeated presentations of a nonreinforced visual stimulus. As observed previously, orienting behavior (rearing up on the hind legs) habituated across trials in normo-active control rats (Wistars) but not in SHRs, suggesting that SHRs have difficulty ignoring irrelevant behavioral stimuli. Treatment with MPH (0.1...
Source: Behavioral Neuroscience - October 15, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Robinson, Andrea M.; Eggleston, Rachel L.; Bucci, David J. Source Type: research

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in Urbach-Wiethe disease
Source: Neurology - October 15, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Messina, M. J., Nuzzaco, G., Barbieri, A., Scarlato, M., Gerevini, S., Martinelli, V., Comi, G., Sessa, M. Tags: Intracerebral hemorrhage, All Genetics CLINICAL/SCIENTIFIC NOTES Source Type: research

Cognitive speed as an objective measure of tinnitus
Conclusions:In severe tinnitus, BST provides an objective measure of the functional impact of tinnitus. Cognitive processing speed and psychiatric state are independent predictors of self‐reported tinnitus severity. These measures help define clinical subgroups within tinnitus: one subgroup whose functional impact is primarily cognitive and another whose functional impact is primarily psychiatric. Laryngoscope, 2012
Source: The Laryngoscope - October 15, 2012 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Sunil K. Das, Andre Wineland, Dorina Kallogjeri, Jay F. Piccirillo Tags: Otology/Neurotology Source Type: research

Static and dynamic visual cues in feed-forward postural control.
Abstract Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) play an important role in the performance of many activities requiring the maintenance of vertical posture. However, little is known about how variation in the available visual information affects generation of APAs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of different visual cues on APAs. Ten healthy young subjects were exposed to external perturbations induced at the shoulder level in standing while the level of visual information about the forthcoming perturbation was varied. The external perturbations were provided by an aluminum pendulum attached ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 14, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mohapatra S, Aruin AS Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Reaching and grasping behavior in Macaca fascicularis: a kinematic study.
Abstract The prehensile hand is one of the major traits distinguishing primates from other mammal species. All primates, in fact, are able to grasp an object and hold it in part or entirely using a single hand. Although there is a wealth of behavioral data regarding grasping movements in humans and apes, there is relatively little material on macaques, the animal model often used to investigate neuronal mechanisms responsible for grip control in humans. To date, evidence regarding free-ranging macaques is confined to observational data, while quantitative reports describe studies carried out in laboratory settings ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 14, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sartori L, Camperio Ciani A, Bulgheroni M, Castiello U Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Limited interaction between translation and visual motion aftereffects in humans.
Abstract After exposure to a moving sensory stimulus, subsequent perception is often biased in the opposite direction. This phenomenon, known as an aftereffect, has been extensively studied for optic flow stimuli where it is known as the visual motion aftereffect (MAE). Such visual motion can also generate the sensation of self-motion or vection. It has recently been demonstrated that fore-aft translation in darkness also produces an aftereffect. The current study examines the interaction between visual MAE and vestibular translation aftereffects. Human subjects participated in a two-interval experiment in which th...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 14, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Crane BT Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Influence of age, spatial memory, and ocular fixation on localization of auditory, visual, and bimodal targets by human subjects.
In this study, we investigated the influence of aging, spatial memory, and ocular fixation on the localization of auditory, visual, and combined auditory-visual (bimodal) targets. Head-restrained young and elderly subjects localized targets in a dark, echo-attenuated room using a manual laser pointer. Localization accuracy and precision (repeatability) were quantified for both ongoing and transient (remembered) targets at response delays up to 10 s. Because eye movements bias auditory spatial perception, localization was assessed under target fixation (eyes free, pointer guided by foveal vision) and central fixation (eyes...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 14, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Dobreva MS, O'Neill WE, Paige GD Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Lack of GPR88 enhances medium spiny neuron activity and alters motor- and cue-dependent behaviors
Nature Neuroscience 15, 1547 (2012). doi:10.1038/nn.3239 Authors: Albert Quintana, Elisenda Sanz, Wengang Wang, Granville P Storey, Ali D Güler, Matthew J Wanat, Bryan A Roller, Anna La Torre, Paul S Amieux, G Stanley McKnight, Nigel S Bamford & Richard D Palmiter
Source: Nature Neuroscience - October 14, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Albert QuintanaElisenda SanzWengang WangGranville P StoreyAli D GülerMatthew J WanatBryan A RollerAnna La TorrePaul S AmieuxG Stanley McKnightNigel S BamfordRichard D Palmiter Tags: Article Source Type: research

Identification of a dopamine pathway that regulates sleep and arousal in Drosophila
Nature Neuroscience 15, 1516 (2012). doi:10.1038/nn.3238 Authors: Taro Ueno, Jun Tomita, Hiromu Tanimoto, Keita Endo, Kei Ito, Shoen Kume & Kazuhiko Kume
Source: Nature Neuroscience - October 14, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Taro UenoJun TomitaHiromu TanimotoKeita EndoKei ItoShoen KumeKazuhiko Kume Tags: Article Source Type: research

TrkB phosphorylation by Cdk5 is required for activity-dependent structural plasticity and spatial memory
Nature Neuroscience 15, 1506 (2012). doi:10.1038/nn.3237 Authors: Kwok-On Lai, Alan S L Wong, Man-Chun Cheung, Pei Xu, Zhuoyi Liang, Ka-Chun Lok, Hui Xie, Mary E Palko, Wing-Ho Yung, Lino Tessarollo, Zelda H Cheung & Nancy Y Ip
Source: Nature Neuroscience - October 14, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kwok-On LaiAlan S L WongMan-Chun CheungPei XuZhuoyi LiangKa-Chun LokHui XieMary E PalkoWing-Ho YungLino TessarolloZelda H CheungNancy Y Ip Tags: Article Source Type: research

Neurobiology of resilience
Nature Neuroscience 15, 1475 (2012). doi:10.1038/nn.3234 Authors: Scott J Russo, James W Murrough, Ming-Hu Han, Dennis S Charney & Eric J Nestler
Source: Nature Neuroscience - October 14, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Scott J RussoJames W MurroughMing-Hu HanDennis S CharneyEric J Nestler Tags: Review Source Type: research

Glutamate evokes firing through activation of kainate receptors in chick accessory lobe neurons
In this study, we examined the effects of glutamate on the electrical activities of AL neurons using the patch clamp technique. There are two types of neurons among isolated AL neurons: spontaneously firing and silent neurons. Among silent neurons, 42 % of neurons responded to glutamate and generated repetitive firing. Kainate and glutamate in combination with the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801, also induced firing and evoked an inward current. On the other hand, the application of AMPA, NMDA or glutamate in combination with the non-NMDA receptor antagonist, CNQX, did not. These results indicate that chick AL n...
Source: Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology - October 13, 2012 Category: Physiology Tags: Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology Source Type: research

Orbicularis oculi muscle activation during swallowing in humans.
Abstract Intraoral trigeminal afferents elicit EMG activity from the lower facial muscle, orbicularis oris (OR) during swallowing. The upper facial muscles and especially orbicularis oculi (OC) were not previously known to be associated with deglutitional events. Nevertheless, given the large area of intraoral mucosa and teeth innervated by the trigeminal nerve afferents, a connection between OC motoneurons and deglutition may theoretically be expected, which we sought to evaluate in this study. Healthy controls were investigated for the possible synchronization of orbicularis OC and OR muscles during deglutition b...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 13, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ertekin C, Eryaşar G, Gürgör N, Arıcı S, Secil Y, Kurt T Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Is gaze following purely reflexive or goal-directed instead? Revisiting the automaticity of orienting attention by gaze cues.
Abstract Distracting gaze has been shown to elicit automatic gaze following. However, it is still debated whether the effects of perceived gaze are a simple automatic spatial orienting response or are instead sensitive to the context (i.e. goals and task demands). In three experiments, we investigated the conditions under which gaze following occurs. Participants were instructed to saccade towards one of two lateral targets. A face distracter, always present in the background, could gaze towards: (a) a task-relevant target--("matching" goal-directed gaze shift)--congruent or incongruent with the instructed directio...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 13, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ricciardelli P, Carcagno S, Vallar G, Bricolo E Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Effect of anesthesia and cerebral blood flow on neuronal injury in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model.
Abstract Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models have become well established as the most suitable way to simulate stroke in experimental studies. The high variability in the size of the resulting infarct due to filament composition, rodent strain and vessel anatomy makes the setup of such models very complex. Beside controllable variables of homeostasis, the choice of anesthetics and the grade of ischemia and reperfusion played a major role for extent of neurological injury. Transient MCAO was induced during either isoflurane or ketamine/xylazine (ket/xyl) anesthesia with simultaneously measurement of cereb...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 13, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bleilevens C, Roehl AB, Goetzenich A, Zoremba N, Kipp M, Dang J, Tolba R, Rossaint R, Hein M Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Pause and rebound: sensory control of cholinergic signaling in the striatum.
Abstract Cholinergic interneurons have emerged as one of the key players controlling network functions in the striatum. Extracellularly recorded cholinergic interneurons acquire characteristic responses to sensory stimuli during reward-related learning, including a pause and subsequent rebound in spiking. However, the precise underlying cellular mechanisms have remained elusive. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the regulation of cholinergic interneuron activity. We discuss evidence of mechanisms that have been proposed to underlie sensory responses, including antagonistic actions by dopamine,...
Source: Trends in Neurosciences - October 13, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Schulz JM, Reynolds JN Tags: Trends Neurosci Source Type: research

Munc13 genotype regulates secretory amyloid precursor protein processing via postsynaptic glutamate receptors.
Abstract The amyloid precursor protein (APP) can be proteolytically degraded via non-amyloidogenic α-secretase and amyloidogenic β-secretase pathways. Previously, we have identified the presynaptic protein Munc13-1 as a diacylglycerol/phorbolester (DAG/PE) receptor that contributes to secretory, non-amyloidogenic APP processing after PE stimulation. Here, we used organotypic brain slice cultures from wild-type mice and from Munc13-1 knock-out (KO), Munc13-2 KO and Munc13-1/2 double KO (DKO) mice for pharmacological stimulation experiments. First, we demonstrate that neuronal populations and synaptic components im...
Source: International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience - October 13, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hartlage-Rübsamen M, Waniek A, Roßner S Tags: Int J Dev Neurosci Source Type: research

The effects of acute stress on Pavlovian-instrumental transfer in rats.
Abstract Pavlovian stimuli invigorate ongoing instrumental action, a phenomenon termed the Pavlovian-instrumental transfer (PIT) effect. Acute stressors can markedly enhance the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), and CRF injection into the nucleus accumbens increases the PIT effect. However, it is unknown whether acute stressors by themselves would amplify the PIT effect. Here, we examined the effects of acute stressors on PIT. Rats first received Pavlovian and instrumental training, and then the impact of the Pavlovian stimuli on instrumental responding was analyzed in the subsequent PIT test. Acute ...
Source: Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience - October 13, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pielock SM, Braun S, Hauber W Tags: Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci Source Type: research