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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory.

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High Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis Among School Children in Rural Côte d'Ivoire.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
High Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis Among School Children in Rural Côte d'Ivoire. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 16;:1 Authors: Glinz D, N'guessan NA, Utzinger J, N'goran EK Two cross-sectional surveys were carried out in rural Côte d'Ivoire, the first in 5 primary schools in the Lake Taabo area, and the second one in the primary school of Azaguié-IRFA. Overall, 251 school children were screened for Strongyloides stercoralis using either the Baermann method, or the Koga agar plate method, or both techniques. The prevalence of S. stercoralis at the unit of the school ranged between 4.0% and 48%. B...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 16, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Glinz D, N'guessan NA, Utzinger J, N'goran EK Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Identification and phylogenetic analysis of dirofilaria ursi (nematoda: filarioidea) from wisconsin black bears (ursus americanus) and its wolbachia endosymbiont.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
IDENTIFICATION AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF DIROFILARIA URSI (NEMATODA: FILARIOIDEA) FROM WISCONSIN BLACK BEARS (URSUS AMERICANUS) AND ITS WOLBACHIA ENDOSYMBIONT. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 16;:1 Authors: Michalski S, Bain O, Fischer K, Fischer P, Kumar S, Foster J Dirofilaria ursi is a filarial nematode of American black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780) that is vectored by black flies (Simuliidae) in many parts of the United States. In northwestern Wisconsin, the prevalence of microfilaremic bears during the fall hunting season was 21% (n=47). Unsheathed blood microfilariae from Wisconsin bears possess charact...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 16, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Michalski S, Bain O, Fischer K, Fischer P, Kumar S, Foster J Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Geographic genetic differentiation of a malaria parasite, plasmodium mexicanum, and its lizard host, sceloporus occidentalis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined genetic differentiation of the malaria parasite P. mexicanum, and its lizard host, Sceloporus occidentalis, at 8 sites in northern California using variable microsatellite markers for both species. These lizards are small, and highly territorial, so we expected local genetic differentiation of both parasite and lizard. Populations of P. mexicanum were found to be differentiated by analysis of 5 markers (Fst values > 0.05 - 0.10) over distances as short as 230 - 400 m, and greatly differentiated (Fst values > 0.25) for sites separated by ~10 km. In contrast, the lizard host had no, or very low, levels of d...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 16, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Fricke JM, Vardo-Zalik AM, Schall JJ Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

A real-time PCR diagnostic method for detection of Naegleria fowleri.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Naegleria fowleri is a free living amoeba that can cause primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). While, traditional methods for diagnosing PAM still rely on culture, more current laboratory diagnoses exist based on conventional PCR methods; however, only a few real-time PCR processes have been described as yet. Here, we describe a real-time PCR-based diagnostic method using hybridization fluorescent labelled probes, with a LightCycler instrument and accompanying software (Roche), targeting the Naegleria fowleriMp2Cl5 gene sequence. Using this method, no cross reactivity with other tested epidemiologically relevant p...
Source: Experimental Parasitology - November 14, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Lucia M, Katarína T, Soňa F, Cyril K, Margita O Tags: Exp Parasitol Source Type: journals

A comparative proteomic study of the undeveloped and developed Schistosoma mansoni egg and its contents: The miracidium, hatch fluid and secretions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The schistosome egg is the key agent responsible both for transmission of the parasite from human to molluscan host, and as the primary cause of pathogenesis in schistosomiasis. Characterisation of its proteome is a crucial step in understanding the egg's interactions with the mammalian host. We devised a scheme to isolate undeveloped eggs from mature schistosome eggs by Percoll gradient and then fractionate the mature egg into miracidial, hatch fluid and secreted protein preparations. The soluble proteins contained within the five preparations were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and their spot patterns c...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - November 13, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Mathieson W, Wilson RA Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Heroes or villains? T regulatory cells in malaria infection.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Infection with Plasmodium parasites can cause severe disease due to a lack of protective immune responses to clear parasitemia, or to the host's inability to control excessive inflammation resulting in immunopathology. T regulatory cells (Tregs), key mediators of immune homeostasis, are increased in number and modulate disease in human and murine malaria. Several recent studies provide new insights into the mechanisms and functional consequences of Treg induction by P. falciparum. This review integrates and discusses the findings published on Tregs in human and murine malaria to date, with emphasis on Treg induction (h...
Source: Trends in Parasitology - November 12, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Scholzen A, Minigo G, Plebanski M Tags: Trends Parasitol Source Type: journals

Fascioliasis: can Cuba conquer this emerging parasitosis?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fascioliasis, an emerging parasitic infection, impacts significantly on both veterinary and human health worldwide. Endemic foci are not limited only to areas of extensive livestock farming, but owing to the parasite's abilities to colonise new intermediate hosts and adapt to new environments, also occur in other places, including Cuba. In Cuba, despite a high prevalence of fascioliasis in livestock, and the widespread occurrence of two potential intermediate hosts, human infection has decreased steadily over the past 10 years. In other parts of the world, human fascioliasis is apparently becoming more frequent. Proble...
Source: Trends in Parasitology - November 10, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Rojas L, Vazquez A, Domenech I, Robertson LJ Tags: Trends Parasitol Source Type: journals

Activation of several key components of the epidermal differentiation pathway in cattle following infestation with the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, and the diseases it transmits pose a persistent threat to tropical beef production. Genetic selection of host resistance has become the method of choice for non-chemical control of cattle tick. Previous studies have suggested that larval stages are most susceptible to host resistance mechanisms. To gain insights into the molecular basis of host resistance that occurs during R. microplus attachment, we assessed the abundance of proteins (by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) and Western blot analyses) and mRNAs (by quantitative reverse transc...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - November 9, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Kongsuwan K, Josh P, Colgrave ML, Bagnall NH, Gough J, Burns B, Pearson R Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

RNA interference in a cestode reveals specific silencing of selected highly expressed gene transcripts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Evolving RNA interference (RNAi) platforms are providing opportunities to probe gene function in parasitic helminths using reverse genetics. Although relatively robust methods for the application of RNAi in parasitic flatworms have been established, reports of successful RNAi are confined to three genera and there are no known reports of the application of RNAi to the class Cestoda. Here we report the successful application of RNAi to a cestode. Our target species was the common ruminant tapeworm, Moniezia expansa which can significantly impact the health/productivity of cattle, sheep and goats. Initial efforts aimed t...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - November 6, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Pierson L, Mousley A, Devine L, Marks NJ, Day TA, Maule AG Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Identification of Theileria uilenbergi immunodominant protein for development of an indirect ELISA for diagnosis of ovine theileriosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Theileriosis of small ruminants in the northwest of China is a protozoan disease that restricts the development of the livestock industry. The disease is caused by infection with Theileria uilenbergi and Theilerialuwenshuni, both of which are transmitted by ixodid Heamaphysalis ticks. The development of serological tools as a means of integrated control of the disease is an urgent and important requirement. Here we describe the identification and partial recombinant expression of a T.uilenbergi immunodominant protein (TuIP), which was identified by immunoscreening of a merozoite cDNA library. Using the recombinant TuIP...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - November 6, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Liu Z, Wang Z, Yin H, Luo J, Zhang B, Kullmann B, Abdo J, Hassan D, Ahmed J, Seitzer U Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle in northeastern china.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
SEROPREVALENCE OF NEOSPORA CANINUM INFECTION IN DAIRY CATTLE IN NORTHEASTERN CHINA. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 6;:1 Authors: Wang C, Wang Y, Zou X, Zhai Y, Gao J, Hou M, Zhu XQ The seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in China's northeastern Heilongjiang Province was surveyed between 2007-2008. A total of 540 serum samples of dairy cattle from 9 counties were examined for antibodies to N. caninum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The overall seroprevalence of N. caninum in dairy cattle was 13.3% (72/540). The seroprevalence of N. caninum in aborting cows (14.9%) was higher than that in non-aborti...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 6, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Wang C, Wang Y, Zou X, Zhai Y, Gao J, Hou M, Zhu XQ Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Experimental transmission of Hepatozoon clamatae (Apicomplexa: Adeleida) to the wood frog, Rana sylvatica, and to the mosquito, Culex pipiens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we show that the wood frog, Rana sylvatica, supports merogonic development, but not gamogonic development, of this protozoan parasite, and that the mosquito Culex pipiens serves as an experimental definitive host for sporogonic development. Two wood frogs were each force-fed C. territans, containing oocysts of H. clamatae in their Malpighian tubules, which had fed on blood of infected green frogs 30 days previously. Free merozoites were observed in 1 wood frog 35 days after inoculation, but intraerythrocytic gamonts were not observed. Fifteen C. pipiens were fed on a mixture of infected frog blood and physio...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 6, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Harkness LM, Drohan AE, Dickson CM, Smith TG Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Synlophe structure in pseudomarshallagia elongata (nematoda: trichostrongyloidea), abomasal parasites among ethiopian ungulates, with consideration of other morphological attributes and differentiation within the ostertagiinae.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
SYNLOPHE STRUCTURE IN PSEUDOMARSHALLAGIA ELONGATA (NEMATODA: TRICHOSTRONGYLOIDEA), ABOMASAL PARASITES AMONG ETHIOPIAN UNGULATES, WITH CONSIDERATION OF OTHER MORPHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES AND DIFFERENTIATION WITHIN THE OSTERTAGIINAE. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 6;:1 Authors: Hoberg EP, Kumsa B, Pilitt PA, Abrams A The independence of the genus Pseudomarshallagia and its placement among the medium stomach worms of ungulates, Ostertagiinae, is confirmed based on comparative morphological studies of the synlophe and genital attributes among male and female specimens. An emended description of P. elongata is presented based on...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 6, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Hoberg EP, Kumsa B, Pilitt PA, Abrams A Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Taenia crassiceps cysticerci - Characterization of the 14-kDa Glycoprotein with homologies to antigens from Taenia solium cysticerci.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Glycoproteins from the total vesicular fluid of Taenia crassiceps (VF-Tc) were prepared using three different purification methods, consisting of ConA-lectin affinity chromatography (ConA-Tc), preparative electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) (14gp-Tc), and monoclonal antibody immunoaffinity chromatography (18/14-Tc). The complex composition represented by the VF-Tc and ConA-Tc antigens revealed peptides ranging from 101- to 14-kDa and from 92- to 12-kDa, respectively. Immunoblotting using lectins confirmed glucose/mannose (glc/man) residues in the 18- and 14-kDa peptides, which are considered specific and immunodominant for the ...
Source: Experimental Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Peralta RH, Espíndola NM, Pardini AX, Iha AH, Moura H, Barr JR, Vaz AJ, Peralta JM Tags: Exp Parasitol Source Type: journals

Balamuthia and Acanthamoeba-binding antibodies in West African human sera.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Little is known about the prevalence of Balamuthia mandrillaris amoebae and Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis in Africa. As an approach, relative concentrations of amoebae-binding serum antibodies (Ab) were assessed by flow cytometry using formaldehyde-fixed B. mandrillaris, Acanthamoeba lenticulata 72-2, and A. castellanii 1BU amoebae for specific Ab capture (B.m.-Ab, A.l.-Ab, A.c.-Ab). 192 sera from West African (Côte d'Ivoire) donors aged 11-95 years (mean 38 a; 51% males), and living in villages surrounded by rainforest near the Liberian border, were tested and related to reference sera from Berlin. While B.m.-A...
Source: Experimental Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Kiderlen AF, Radam E, Schuster FL, Adjogoua EV, Akoua-Koffi C, Leendertz FH Tags: Exp Parasitol Source Type: journals

Inactivation of giardia lamblia cysts by cobalt-60 irradiation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY COBALT-60 IRRADIATION. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 5;:1 Authors: Sundermann CA, Estridge BH Cysts of Giardia lamblia can be a contaminant of water and food that can infect humans and cause the zoonotic disease, giardiasis. Irradiation by a cobalt-60 source was investigated for ability to inactivate cysts such that they would not be infective to gerbils. Cysts that received doses of radiation ranging from 0.25 to 2.0 kGy, with a recovery period of 6 hr or less, did not infect gerbils. Cysts that were irradiated at 0.25 kGy and allowed to recover at room temperature for 24 hr or...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Sundermann CA, Estridge BH Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Food webs for parasitologists. a review.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
FOOD WEBS FOR PARASITOLOGISTS. A REVIEW. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 5;:1 Authors: Sukhdeo MV This review examines the historical origins of food web theory, and explores the reasons why parasites have traditionally been left out of food web studies. Current paradigms may still be an impediment because despite several attempts, it remains virtually impossible to retrofit parasites into food web theory in any satisfactory manner. It seems clear that parasitologists must return to first principles to solve how best to incorporate parasites into ecological food webs, and a first step in changing the paradigms will be to...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Sukhdeo MV Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Identity of diphyllobothrium spp. (cestoda: diphyllobothriidae) from sea lions and people along the pacific coast of south america.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report mainly concerns 2 species, D. pacificum and D. arctocephalinum, for which sea lions (Otariidae) are final hosts. The taxonomic status of those cestodes has not been clearly discernible, due to misinterpretation of relationships; complex synonymies have resulted from misidentification(s). Stiles and Hassall in 1899 obtained but did not describe cestodes from the northern fur seal (Otariidae) (Pribilof Islands). That taxon was studied by several investigators, with diverse conclusions. The valid designation is D. pacificum (Nybelin, 1931). In 1937, Johnston and Drummond described separately 2 conspecific cestodes...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Rausch R, Adams AM, Margolis L Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

An Improved Glycerin Jelly Mounting Procedure for Permanent Preparations of Helminth Eggs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Many attempts have been undertaken to make permanent preparations of helminth eggs. However, none was both durable itself and free from deforming of thin-shell eggs, such as hookworm eggs. To overcome these drawbacks, we have modified the glycerin jelly mounting procedure in 2 aspects. First, we gradually changed the media in which the helminth eggs soaked, from 10% formalin via water to the 70% ethanol and 5% glycerin solution. It took 10 days, which should be much longer than the processes previously reported. Second, we used a hole slide glass instead of a slide glass. The eggs of 11 species of helminths prepared by...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Kumagai M, Inaba T, Makioka A, Ishiwata K, Onishi K, Watanabe N Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Epizootiology of myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of salmonid whirling disease in the rock creek drainage of west-central montana: 2004-2008.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF MYXOBOLUS CEREBRALIS, THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF SALMONID WHIRLING DISEASE IN THE ROCK CREEK DRAINAGE OF WEST-CENTRAL MONTANA: 2004-2008. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 5;:1 Authors: Granath WO, Vincent R Whirling disease, caused by the myxozoan parasite Myxobolus cerebralis, remains a serious health threat to salmonid fish in the western U.S. A previously published study on the epizootiology of whirling disease in the Rock Creek watershed of west-central Montana, conducted from 1998 to 2003, showed that the intensity of M. cerebralis infections in sentinel trout increased significantly throughout the drain...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Granath WO, Vincent R Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Observations on the uganda i strain of plasmodium malariae and plasmodium brasilianum in aotus and saimiri monkeys and anopheles mosquitoes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE UGANDA I STRAIN OF PLASMODIUM MALARIAE AND PLASMODIUM BRASILIANUM IN AOTUS AND SAIMIRI MONKEYS AND ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 5;:1 Authors: Collins WE, Sullivan JS, Nace D, Williams T, Williams A, Barnwell JW Splenectomized Aotus lemurinus griseimembra, A. azarae boliviensis, A. nancymaae, A. vociferans and Saimiri boliviensis monkeys were infected with the Uganda I/CDC strain of Plasmodium malariae. The maximum parasite counts were lower if the animals had been previously infected with P. vivax. Mosquito infection was concentrated in the 12 days following the rise in count ...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Collins WE, Sullivan JS, Nace D, Williams T, Williams A, Barnwell JW Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

The first report of Hepatozoon species infection in leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis) in Korea.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hepatozoon species infections were detected in 4 of 5 heart samples from leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis) in Korea examined by light microscopy and PCR. Microscopically, the schizonts of the Hepatozoon species were observed within the parasitophorous vacuoles of unidentified host cells which were located between myocytes. The schizonts were approximately 31 +/- 4 x 19 +/- 3 microm in size and the 3 mature schizonts contained approximately 24, 25 and 35 merozoites, respectively. In analyses of the partial 18S rRNA gene sequence, the Hepatozoon species infecting the Korean leopard cats was closely related to Brazi...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 5, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Kubo M, Jeong A, Kim SI, Kim YJ, Lee H, Kimura J, Agatsuma T, Sakai H, Yanai T Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

A new species of cardicola short, 1953 (digenea: aporocotylidae) from the heart and branchial vessels of two surfperches (perciformes: embiotocidae) in the eastern pacific ocean off california.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A NEW SPECIES OF CARDICOLA SHORT, 1953 (DIGENEA: APOROCOTYLIDAE) FROM THE HEART AND BRANCHIAL VESSELS OF TWO SURFPERCHES (PERCIFORMES: EMBIOTOCIDAE) IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN OFF CALIFORNIA. J Parasitol. 2009 Nov 4;:1 Authors: Bullard S Cardicola nonamo n. sp. (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) infects the heart of white seaperch, Phanerodon furcatus Girard, 1854 (Perciformes: Embiotocidae) (type host) in Monterey Bay, California, USA, and the branchial vessels of rubberlip seaperch, Rhacochilus toxotes Agassiz, 1854 (Embiotocidae) from Naples Reef, Santa Barbara Channel, off Santa Barbara, California. It is most eas...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - November 4, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Bullard S Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Hymenolepis diminuta: Effect of infection on ion transport in colon and blood picture of rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of an infection with Hymenolepis diminuta on ion transport in an isolated colon and blood picture of rats. Fifty rats were orally infected with 5 cysticercoids of H. diminuta. The experimental groups of rats were assigned to four groups: group I - 8 days post-infection (dpi), group II - 16 dpi, group III - 40 dpi and group IV- 60 dpi. The control group comprised non-infected rats. The experiments consisted of measuring the transepithelial electrical potential difference (PD) and the transepithelial electrical resistance (R) of the rat colon under controlled conditions as ...
Source: Experimental Parasitology - November 3, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Kosik-Bogacka DI, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Salamatin R Tags: Exp Parasitol Source Type: journals

Disparate infection patterns of Ceratomyxa shasta (Myxozoa) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) correlate with internal transcribed spacer 1 sequence variation in the parasite.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined 46 C. shasta isolates from water samples and two fish hosts, from June 2007 field exposures at upper and lower Klamath River sites with similarly high parasite densities. We found 100% of non-native rainbow trout became infected and died at both locations. In contrast, mortality in native Chinook salmon was < 10% in the upper basin, compared with up to 40% in the lower basin. Parasite ssrRNA sequences were identical from all fish. However ITS-1 sequences contained multiple polymorphic loci and a trinucleotide repeat (ATC)(0-3) from which we defined four genotypes: 0, I, II and III. Non-native rainbow trout a...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - November 3, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Atkinson SD, Bartholomew JL Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Molecular characterisation of MEK1/2- and MKK3/6-like mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKK) from the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKKs) are essential components of evolutionary conserved signalling modules that regulate a variety of fundamental cellular processes in response to environmental stimuli. To date, no MAPKK ortholog has been characterized in free-living or parasitic flatworm species. Here, we report the identification and molecular characterisation of two such molecules in the human parasitic cestode Echinococcus multilocularis, the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis. Using degenerative PCR approaches as well as 3'- and 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), the cDNAs encoding tw...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - October 31, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Gelmedin V, Spiliotis M, Brehm K Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Collagen processing and cuticle formation is catalysed by the astacin metalloprotease DPY-31 in free-living and parasitic nematodes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, orthologues of this essential gene have been identified in the phylogenetically diverse parasitic nematodes Haemonchus contortus and Brugia malayi. The DPY-31 protein is expressed in the gut and secretory system of C. elegans, a location also confirmed when a B. malayi transcriptional dpy-31 promoter reporter gene fusion was expressed in C. elegans. Functional conservation between the nematode enzymes was supported by the fact that heterologous expression of the H. contortusdpy-31 orthologue in a C. elegansdpy-31 mutant resulted in the full rescue of the mutant body form. This interspecies conservation was f...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - October 30, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Stepek G, McCormack G, Page AP Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Localization of three host-protective oncospheral antigens of Taenia ovis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Immunohistochemistry, confocal immunofluorescence and immunogold labelling were used to determine the localization of the host-protective antigens To16, To18 and To45W in Taenia ovis oncospheres. During maturation of the adult tapeworm the antigens were initially seen as diffuse staining in the developing oncospheres but in mature oncospheres four distinct cells stained positively for the antigens. Confocal fluorescence microscopy using different fluorophores revealed that each of the antigens co-localizes within the same cells in the oncosphere. No surface localization was seen in non-activated or recently activated p...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - October 30, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Jabbar A, Kyngdon CT, Gauci CG, Walduck AK, McCowan C, Jones MK, Beveridge I, Lightowlers MW Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

The paraflagellar rod of kinetoplastid parasites: From structure to components and function.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The role of the eukaryotic flagellum in cell motility is well established but its importance in many other aspects of cell biology, from cell signaling to developmental regulation, is becoming increasingly apparent. In addition to this diversity of function the core structure of the flagellum, which has been inherited from the earliest ancestor of all eukaryotes, is embellished with a range of extra-axonemal structures in many organisms. One of the best studied of these structures is the paraflagellar rod of kinetoplastid protozoa in which the morphological characteristics have been well defined and some of the major p...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - October 29, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Portman N, Gull K Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Africanastrongylus giganticus n. sp. (nematoda: trichostrongyloidea), in african bufflo (syncerus caffer) (artiodactyla: bovinae) from uganda.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
AFRICANASTRONGYLUS GIGANTICUS N. SP. (NEMATODA: TRICHOSTRONGYLOIDEA), IN AFRICAN BUFFLO (SYNCERUS CAFFER) (ARTIODACTYLA: BOVINAE) FROM UGANDA. J Parasitol. 2009 Oct 29;:1 Authors: Hoberg EP, Abrams A, Pilitt PA Africanastrongylus giganticus n. sp. is described based on large ostertagiine nematodes occurring in the abomasum of African buffalo, Syncerus caffer, from Uganda; this represents the second species recognized in the genus. Specimens of A. giganticus are characterized by large size (15-19 mm in total length), a strongly tapering synlophe in the cervical region, and a great number of ridges at all levels ...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - October 29, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Hoberg EP, Abrams A, Pilitt PA Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Helminth Parasites of Amphibians and Reptiles From the Ucayali Region, Peru.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Twenty individual amphibians representing 9 species within 6 families and 44 individual reptiles representing 15 species within 8 families from the Ucayali Region, Peru, were examined for helminths. Seven (35%) of the amphibians and 15 (34%) of the reptiles were found to harbor at least 1 species of helminth; 5 (25%) of the amphibians and 4 (9%) of the reptiles harbored multiple infections. A cyclophyllidean cestode and 14 taxa of nematodes within 7 families were found in the herpetofauna surveyed. Thirteen new host and 6 new geographic distribution records are documented. PMID: 19874072 [PubMed - as supplied by pu...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - October 29, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: McAllister CT, Bursey CR, Freed P Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

An Outbreak of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis in Beijing.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An outbreak of 81 cases of angiostrongyliasis cantonensis occurred in Beijing during June-September 2006. Epidemiological characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory tests, imaging, and treatment data from the 81 AC patients were collected and analyzed. All cases had a history of eating raw, freshwater snails, and acquired Angiostrongylus cantonensis as a result. The incubation period ranged from 1 to 36 days. The main symptoms were fever, severe headache, neck stiffness, and skin paresthesia. A significant increase in eosinophilia occurred in the peripheral blood of 62 cases and in cerebrospinal fluid of ...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - October 29, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Wang J, Qi YH, Diao LZ, Zheng XY, Li XL, Ma SX, Ji AP, Yin HC Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Protein export in malaria parasites: do multiple export motifs add up to multiple export pathways?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Intracellular malaria parasites export numerous proteins into their host cell, a process essential for parasite survival and virulence. Many of these proteins are defined by a short amino acid sequence motif termed PEXEL or VTS that mediates their export, suggesting a collective trafficking route. The existence of several PEXEL-negative exported proteins (PNEPs) indicates that alternative export pathways might also exist. We review recent data on the sequences mediating export of PNEPs and compare this process to PEXEL export taking into account novel findings on the function of this motif. Based on this we propose tha...
Source: Trends in Parasitology - October 28, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Spielmann T, Gilberger TW Tags: Trends Parasitol Source Type: journals

Erythropoietin for treating post-ivermectin Loa-related serious adverse events?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19879192 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Trends in Parasitology)
Source: Trends in Parasitology - October 28, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Boussinesq M, Kamgno J, Pion SD, Mackenzie CD Tags: Trends Parasitol Source Type: journals

Population dynamics of Crataerina pallida (Diptera: Hippoboscidae); a nest ectoparasite of the Common Swift, Apus apus (Aves: Apodidae).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An essential pre-requisite to understanding host-parasite relationships is a good knowledge of parasite ecology and life-history. Despite removing a significant amount of blood from their Common Swift (Apus apus) hosts no detrimental effect of parasitism by the Louse Fly (Crataerina pallida) has been found. This may be because little is known of the population dynamics of this parasite. We studied characteristics of Louse Fly populations that may influence its pathogenicity. Louse Fly populations were found to exhibit extremely high levels of prevalence and to be aggregated between nests. Nest populations were much hig...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - October 28, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Walker MD, Rotherham ID Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Renal infection by a new coccidian genus in big brown bats (eptesicus fuscus).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
RENAL INFECTION BY A NEW COCCIDIAN GENUS IN BIG BROWN BATS (EPTESICUS FUSCUS). J Parasitol. 2009 Oct 28;:1 Authors: Wuenschmann A, Wellehan J, Armien AG, Bemrick W, Barnes D, Averbeck G, Roback R, Schwabenlander M, D'Almeida E, Joki R, Childress A, Cortinas R, Gardiner C, Greiner EC A novel coccidian parasite from the kidney of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) is described. This coccidian was associated with a generally mild, focal, or multifocal, well demarcated cortical renal lesion, less than 1 mm in diameter. The lesion represented cystic, dilated tubules with hypertrophied tubular epithelial cells and was...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - October 28, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Wuenschmann A, Wellehan J, Armien AG, Bemrick W, Barnes D, Averbeck G, Roback R, Schwabenlander M, D'Almeida E, Joki R, Childress A, Cortinas R, Gardiner C, Greiner EC Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Spatial variation of haemosporidian parasite infection in African rainforest bird species.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Spatial heterogeneity influences the distribution, prevalence and diversity of haemosporidian parasites. Previous studies have found complex patterns of prevalence with respect to habitat characteristics and parasite genotype, and their interactions, but there is little information regarding how parasitemia intensity and the prevalence of co-infections may vary in space. Here, using both molecular methods and microscopy, we report an analysis of the variation of parasitemia intensity and co-infections of avian haemosporidian parasites (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus species) in 2 common African birds species, the yellow-w...
Source: The Journal of Parasitology - October 27, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Loiseau C, Iezhova TA, Valkiūnas G, Chasar A, Hutchinson A, Buermann W, Smith TB, Sehgal RN Tags: J Parasitol Source Type: journals

Toxoplasma gondii: recombinant GRA5 antigen for detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, for the first time, the evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii full length recombinant GRA5 antigen for the serodiagnosis of human toxoplasmosis is shown. The recombinant GRA5 antigen as a fusion protein containing his-tag at both terminals was obtained using an Escherichia coli expression system. The usefulness of rGRA5 for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in an ELISA was tested on a total of 189 sera from patients with different stages of the infection and 31 sera from seronegative individuals, obtained during routine diagnostic tests. Anti-GRA5 IgG antibodies were detected in 70.9% of all seropositive serum sample...
Source: Experimental Parasitology - October 26, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Holec-Gąsior L, Kur J Tags: Exp Parasitol Source Type: journals

Inactivation of the complement anaphylatoxin C5a by secreted products of parasitic nematodes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Given the importance of the complement anaphylatoxins in cellular recruitment during infection, the ability of secreted products from larval stages of Brugia malayi and Trichinella spiralis to influence C5a-mediated chemotaxis of human peripheral blood granulocytes in vitro was examined. Secreted products from B. malayi microfilariae almost completely abolished chemotaxis. This inhibition was blocked by phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride, indicating the presence of a serine protease, which was subsequently shown to cleave C5a. In contrast, secreted products from T. spiralis infective larvae showed modest inhibition of C5a-...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - October 26, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Rees-Roberts D, Mullen L, Gounaris K, Selkirk ME Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: journals

The dynamics of mutations associated with anti-malarial drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The evolution of resistance in Plasmodium falciparum against safe and affordable drugs such as chloroquine (CQ) and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is a major global health threat. Investigating the dynamics of resistance against these antimalarial drugs will lead to approaches for addressing the problem of resistance in malarial parasites that are solidly based in evolutionary genetics and population biology. In this article, we discuss current developments in population biology modeling and evolutionary genetics. Despite great advancements achieved in the past decade, understanding the complex dynamics of mutations co...
Source: Trends in Parasitology - October 26, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Escalante AA, Smith DL, Kim Y Tags: Trends Parasitol Source Type: journals

[The Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii Seropositivity in Women in the Kayseri Province.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoon, Toxoplasma gondii. Its prevalence varies according to geographical status, age, eating habits and life style. The aim of this study was to determine seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii in women who presented at the Kayseri Obstetric and Children Hospital. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were investigated with the microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) method in sera of 2235 women from August 2005 to December 2008. It was found that Toxoplasma seropositivity was 33.42% and that increases in the seropositivity rate is statistically significant in regard ...
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Incı M, Yağmur G, Aksebzecı T, Kaya E, Yazar S Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

[Comparison of Commercial IFA, IHA and In-House IFA Tests in the Diagnosis of Cystic Echinococosis.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, in-house IFA test is a useful and cost effective but difficult test to prepare for the routine laboratory. PMID: 19851962 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology)
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Bılge UE, Ozdemır M, Baykan M Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

The Detection of Echinococcus granulosus Strains Using Larval Rostellar Hook Morphometry.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to determine the morphometrical characteristics of the larval hooks of Echinococcus granulosus in Turkey. The number of rostellar hooks (NH) and the total length of long blades, length of the blade of the long hooks, the total length of small blades and the length of the blade of the small hooks were measured in sheep and cattle isolates. The principal component and discriminant function analyses were used to analyze the data. Rostellar structure of protoscoleces was very similar in the sheep and cattle samples. According to the correlation matrix, the hook number and the hook length was n...
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Yildiz K, Gurcan IS Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

[Should cystic echinococcosis be investigated in patients having high eosinophil counts?]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, eosinophilia is not a sufficient indicator for CE alone and this parasite should be sought in patients with clinical and radiological signs. PMID: 19851964 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology)
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Karadam SY, Ertabaklar H, Sari C, Dayanir Y, Ertuğ S Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

Serum Leptin Concentrations in Patients with Intestinal Parasites.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Leptin is a protein hormone controlling food intake and energy expenditure. In all infections icluding parasitic infections there is loss of appetite and anorexia. The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between intestinal parasites and serum leptin concentrations in children and adults. Forty patients with intestinal parasites and 34 healthy subjects took part in this study. Body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were measured for all patients and controls. Patients were grouped according to age and parasitic infections (Giardia intestinalis, Blastocystis hominis, Enterobius vermicularis, E...
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Karul A, Ertabaklar H, Karataş E, Ertuğ S Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

[The First Report of Mulcticola hypoleucus (Denny, 1842) (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from Nightjars (Caprimulgus europaeus L.) in Turkey.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, two nightjars (Caprimulgus europaeus L.) were examined for ectoparasites. They were investigated macroscopically for lice. Then, they were placed into a plastic box and propoxur applied to their whole bodies. The ectoparasites which fell to the bottom of the box were collected and preserved in a vial with 70% of alcohol. No ectoparasite was observed on one nightjar while eleven lice specimens were collected from the other. The lice specimens were cleared in 10 % of KOH until they were transparent. The lice were mounted on slides using by Canada balsam and dried in an incubater. They were examined under the l...
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Dık B Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

[Investigation of thePrevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Aviary Birds in Homes in the Van Province.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in aviary birds in the Van province. For this purpose, fecal samples were collected from aviary birds (6 parrots, 5 nightingales, 24 canaries and 35 lovebirds) in Van. In the parasitology laboratory, seventy fecal samples were examined using the native and sedimentation technique for helminth eggs, Eimeria sp. oocysts and Giardia sp. cysts. The same samples were examined by modified-acid-fast staining for Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts. Prevalence of gastrointestial parasites was found to be 8.57% (6/70) in Van. Eimeria sp. oocysts were detec...
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Gül A, Cıçek M Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

Investigation of Intestinal Parasites in Pig Feces That Are also Human Pathogens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A total of 238 pig fecal specimens were collected from pig farms in Corlu (Tekirdağ), Ayazma, and Arnavutköy (Istanbul) during the summer. Out of the 238 pig specimens, 105 were from pigs younger than 6 months and 133 from pigs older than 6 months. These were investigated for intestine parasites in particular the ones that are human pathogens. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected In 21 fecal specimens (8.8%), Giardia spp. in 9 (3.7%), Balantidium coli cysts in 4 (1.6%) and Ascaris suum eggs in 9 (4.1%). Giardia lamblia were found in 8 (7.6%) of 105 pigs younger than 6 months, Cryptosporidium spp. in 12 (11.4%),...
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Uysal HK, Boral O, Metıner K, Ilgaz A Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

[Sheep Trichostrongylidosis in Van Province.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was performed in the Van Municipality Slaughterhouse from January to December 2001. Abomasums and small intestines from a total of 104 sheep were transported to the parasitology laboratory of the Veterinary Faculty of Yüzüncü Yil University for parasitological examination. The abomasums and small intestines of the animals were opened with appropriate technique in the laboratory, and male nematodes were collected from the contents of the abomasums and small intestines using a sampling method, and then these parasites were identified. Gastrointestinal nematodes were encountered in 87.5% out of 104 s...
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Cengız ZT, Değer MS Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals

[Hybrid designs in studies.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The traditional cohort and case-control designs offer a number of advantages but they have several important limitations. There are some alternative study designs for coping with limitations of conventional study designs. These studies are hybrid designs that are economical and efficient in studying risk factors for rare diseases or drug adverse reactions. Hybrid designs are increasingly commonly used in studies. In this paper, hybrid designs including nested case- control, case - cohort, case crossover and case-time control designs were presented. PMID: 19851970 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology)
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - October 25, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Mandiracioğlu A Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: journals