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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 19.

Estimation of cell density to aid in assessment of percentage cells of a particular lineage or of cells expressing a specific antigen in bone marrow trephine biopsies
The authors aimed to develop a tool to assess total cell numbers in a microscope's field of vision, which would provide the denominator for calculating the percentage of positive cells for a given antigen in bone marrow trephine biopsies (BMTBs) of varying cellularities. Precise estimates of cell densities were made from 179 images of BMTBs of varying cellularities using a cell-counting software. The estimates were then validated on an independent set of 20 BMTBs. Among the 179 images, there was a strong linear association between marrow cellularity and cell numbers (Pearson correlation: 0.788). Then standardised cell dens...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Al-Shieban, S., Tadrous, P. J., Naresh, K. N. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Clinical diagnostic tests Short reports Source Type: research

Evaluation of a completely automated tissue-sectioning machine for paraffin blocks
Tissue-sectioning automation can be a resourceful tool in processing anatomical pathology specimens. The advantages of an automated system compared with traditional manual sectioning are the invariable thickness, uniform orientation and fewer tissue-sectioning artefacts. This short report presents the design of an automated tissue-sectioning device and compares the sectioned specimens with normal manual tissue sectioning performed by an experienced histology technician. The automated system was easy to use, safe and the sectioned material showed acceptable quality with well-preserved morphology and tissue antigenicity. It ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Onozato, M. L., Hammond, S., Merren, M., Yagi, Y. Tags: Short reports Source Type: research

CVID patients with autoimmunity have elevated T cell expression of granzyme B and HLA-DR and reduced levels of Treg cells
Conclusions These results highlight that reduced levels of Treg cells were associated with elevated levels of activated T cells, suggesting that reduced Treg cells in these patients may have functional consequences in allowing exaggerated T cell responses.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Carter, C. R. D., Aravind, G., Smalle, N. L., Cole, J. Y., Savic, S., Wood, P. M. D. Tags: Immunology (including allergy) Original articles Source Type: research

Clinical significance of ESR1 gene copy number changes in breast cancer as measured by fluorescence in situ hybridisation
Conclusions In general, the frequency of ESR1 amplification in breast cancer is low when measured by FISH in large sections. ESR1 gain and amplification in breast cancer may be associated with older age and poorer outcomes.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Lin, C.-H., Liu, J. M., Lu, Y.-S., Lan, C., Lee, W.-C., Kuo, K.-T., Wang, C.-C., Chang, D.-Y., Huang, C.-S., Cheng, A.-L. Tags: Breast cancer Original articles Source Type: research

Signet-ring cell carcinoma in gastric biopsies: expecting the unexpected
Conclusions Signet-ring carcinoma is a rare finding in gastric biopsy specimens from ambulatory patients; routine due diligence and the clinical/endoscopic information provided are usually adequate to raise pathologists’ index of suspicion.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Golembeski, C. P., Genta, R. M. Tags: Pancreatic cancer, Clinical diagnostic tests Original articles Source Type: research

Will PAXgene substitute formalin? A morphological and molecular comparative study using a new fixative system
Conclusions The switch from formalin to PAXgene fixation would require a re-evaluation of immunohistochemical markers and staining procedures originally developed for FFPE tissues. Our data demonstrate that PAXPE fixation offers some advantages concerning molecular analysis. However, these advantages would not justify substituting formalin fixation in any routine pathology laboratory.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Belloni, B., Lambertini, C., Nuciforo, P., Phillips, J., Bruening, E., Wong, S., Dummer, R. Tags: Skin cancer, Dermatology, Clinical diagnostic tests Original articles Source Type: research

Prostate needle biopsy processing: a survey of laboratory practice across Europe
Conclusions There are marked differences in procurement, handling and processing of PNBx in laboratories across Europe. This data can help the development of best practice guidelines.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Varma, M., Berney, D. M., Algaba, F., Camparo, P., Comperat, E., Griffiths, D. F. R., Kristiansen, G., Lopez-Beltran, A., Montironi, R., Egevad, L. Tags: Clinical diagnostic tests Original articles Source Type: research

Her2 amplification distinguishes a subset of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers with a high risk of progression
Conclusions A subset of high-grade NMIBCs contain Her2 amplification and are associated with markedly aggressive behaviour. Her2 diagnostics are valuable for distinguishing patients who require diligent surveillance and would potentially benefit from anti-Her2 therapies.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Chen, P. C.-H., Yu, H.-J., Chang, Y.-H., Pan, C.-C. Tags: Molecular genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Urological cancer Original articles Source Type: research

Is CDX2 immunostaining useful for delineating anorectal from penile/vulvar squamous cancer in the setting of squamous cell carcinoma with clinically unknown primary site presenting with histologically confirmed inguinal lymph node metastasis?
Conclusions CDX2 might be valuable in terms of narrowing the possible sites of origin to be considered in the setting of SCC with unknown primary presenting with inguinal lymph node metastasis. However, despite its favourable specificity, the diagnostic benefit achieved by this observation is limited by the low sensitivity.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Gunia, S., Koch, S., May, M. Tags: Molecular genetics, Immunology (including allergy) Original articles Source Type: research

Participation of natural killer cells in the pathogenesis of bile duct lesions in biliary atresia
Conclusions CD56(–)CD16(+) NK cells with reduced NK activity may be involved in the bile duct damage in BA, and CD16(+) NK cells expressing CX3CR1 may be attracted by and interact with bile ducts expressing CX3CL1.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Okamura, A., Harada, K., Nio, M., Nakanuma, Y. Tags: Liver disease, Pancreas and biliary tract, Immunology (including allergy), Hepatitis and other GI infections, Hepatitis (sexual health) Original articles Source Type: research

Bariatric surgery: a best practice article
We describe the literature on outcomes after bariatric surgery, including the results for mortality, weight loss, remission of diabetes and associated endocrine disorders such as hypogonadism. Within this review, we will illustrate the impact of bariatric surgery on self-image, psychological health and perceived health and functional status. Finally, we briefly detail the potential complications of bariatric surgery, and offer advice on post-operative care and surveillance.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Neff, K. J. H., le Roux, C. W. Tags: ACP best practice Source Type: research

EGFR mutation testing in lung cancer: a review of available methods and their use for analysis of tumour tissue and cytology samples
Conclusions Several different testing methods offer a more sensitive alternative to direct sequencing for the detection of common EGFR mutations. Evidence published to date suggests cytology samples are viable alternatives for mutation testing when tumour tissue samples are not available.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Ellison, G., Zhu, G., Moulis, A., Dearden, S., Speake, G., McCormack, R. Tags: Open access, Editor's choice, Lung cancer (oncology), Lung cancer (respiratory medicine) Review Source Type: research

CNS vasculitis in a patient with MS on daclizumab monotherapy
Conclusions: Only safety data from larger phase III studies and potentially postmarketing experience will define the exact risk of daclizumab-induced immunopathologies. Nevertheless, our case provides plausible hypothesis and potential biomarker that may be used to screen susceptible patients and implement preventive safety measures during potentially vulnerable periods.
Source: Neurology - January 28, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ohayon, J., Oh, U., Richert, N., Martin, J., Vortmeyer, A., McFarland, H., Bielekova, B. Tags: Autonomic diseases, MRI, Multiple sclerosis ARTICLE Source Type: research

Impaired implicit sequence learning in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait.
Conclusions: The present results suggest that PD patients suffering from FOG pathology exhibit a specific impairment in the acquisition of automaticity. When working memory capacity is supplementarily loaded by adding a DT, sequence learning in FRs becomes increasingly impaired. These findings indicate that therapies should focus on extensive training in acquiring novel motor activities and reducing working memory load to improve learning in FOG. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Neuropsychology - January 28, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Vandenbossche, Jochen; Deroost, Natacha; Soetens, Eric; Coomans, Daphné; Spildooren, Joke; Vercruysse, Sarah; Nieuwboer, Alice; Kerckhofs, Eric Source Type: research

Molecular Diagnosis of T Cell‐Mediated Rejection in Human Kidney Transplant Biopsies
This study developed a molecular test for T cell‐mediated rejection. We used microarray results from 403 kidney transplant biopsies to derive a classifier assigning T cell‐mediated rejection scores to all biopsies, and compared these with histologic assessments. The score correlated with histologic lesions of T cell‐mediated rejection (infiltrate, tubulitis). The accuracy of the classifier for the histology diagnoses was 89%. Very high and low molecular scores corresponded with unanimity among three pathologists on the presence or absence of T cell‐mediated rejection, respectively. The molecular score had low sensi...
Source: American Journal of Transplantation - January 28, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: J. Reeve, J. Sellarés, M. Mengel, B. Sis, A. Skene, L. Hidalgo, D. de Freitas, K. S. Famulski, P. F. Halloran Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

MALDI imaging of post‐mortem human spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
In this study, we report for the first time the MALDI imaging‐based spatial protein profiling and relative quantification of post‐mortem human spinal cord samples obtained from ALS patients and controls. In normal spinal cord, protein distribution patterns were well in line with histological features. For example, thymosin beta 4, ubiquitin, histone proteins, acyl‐CoA‐binding protein, and macrophage inhibitory factor were predominantly localized to the gray matter. Furthermore, unsupervised statistics revealed a significant reduction of two protein species in ALS gray matter. One of these proteins (m/z 8451) corres...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - January 28, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Jörg Hanrieder, Titti Ekegren, Malin Andersson, Jonas Bergquist Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Dramatic early event in chronic allograft nephropathy: increased but not decreased expression of MMP-9 gene
Conclusions: MMP-9 may play an important role in the mechanism of pathological changes during theearlier period of CAN.Virtual SlidesThe virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1582313332832700
Source: Diagnostic Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Dongfeng GuYanling ShiYanan DingXinyu LiuHequn Zou Source Type: research

Genomic Imprinting at the Human 11p15/Distal 7 RegionGenomic Imprinting at the Human 11p15/Distal 7 Region
Mouse models have provided highly valuable clues to the mechanisms involved in the regulation of the 11p15/dist7 imprinted region, which is implicated in two human fetal growth disorders. Journal of Medical Genetics
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - January 27, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Pathology & Lab Medicine Journal Article Source Type: news

Identification of Polymorphisms in the Osteopontin Gene and Their Associations with Certain Semen Production Traits of Water Buffaloes in the Brazilian Amazon
Contents The osteopontin gene may influence the fertility of water buffaloes because it is a protein present in sperm. The aim of this work was to identify polymorphisms in this gene and associate them with fertility parameters of animals kept under extensive grazing. A total of 306 male buffaloes older than 18 months, from two farms, one in the state of Amapá and the other in the state of Pará, Brazil were used in the study. Seven SNPs were identified in the regions studied. The polymorphisms were in gene positions 1478, 1513 and 1611 in the region 5′upstrem and positions 6690, 6737, 6925 and 6952 in the region ampli...
Source: Reproduction in Domestic Animals - January 27, 2013 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: ST Rolim Filho, HFL Ribeiro, GMF de Camargo, DF Cardoso, RR Aspilcueta‐Borquis, H Tonhati, KB Nunes, WG Vale, EM Barbosa, KC de Sousa Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Mesenchymal stromal cells as a means of controlling pathological T-cell responses in allogeneic islet transplantation.
Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate the potential for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to regulate T-cell responses responsible for graft destruction following allogeneic islet transplantation (AIT). RECENT FINDINGS: Despite a high level of primary graft function being observed in most individuals following AIT, the majority of recipients require exogenous insulin within 5 years, presumably due to graft attrition. Although this process is not fully understood, recent evidence suggests that a combination of chronic allograft rejection and/or the recrudescence of anti-islet autoimmunity govern islet loss. Eme...
Source: Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation - January 27, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Reading JL, Sabbah S, Busch S, Tree TI Tags: Curr Opin Organ Transplant Source Type: research

Prognostic Significance of Patterns of Seminal Vesicle Invasion of Prostate Cancer
ConclusionsThe prognosis of patients with SVI is not uniformly poor. Invasion of the SV mucosa portends a higher risk of recurrence than invasion of the muscle wall alone. There is no evidence that other histopathological features of SVI need to be reported.Seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) of prostatic carcinoma was defined by the 2009 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on Handling and Staging of Radical Prostatectomy Specimens as cancer invading the muscular wall of the extraprostatic part of the seminal vesicle (SV) 1. SVI is seen in 3.1% 2 – 9.2% 3 of radical prostatectomy (RP) spe...
Source: Histopathology - January 27, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Anna Kristiansen, Fredrik Wiklund, N Peter Wiklund, Lars Egevad Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Mutations in TCF12, encoding a basic helix-loop-helix partner of TWIST1, are a frequent cause of coronal craniosynostosis
Nature Genetics 45, 304 (2013). doi:10.1038/ng.2531 Authors: Vikram P Sharma, Aimée L Fenwick, Mia S Brockop, Simon J McGowan, Jacqueline A C Goos, A Jeannette M Hoogeboom, Angela F Brady, Nu Owase Jeelani, Sally Ann Lynch, John B Mulliken, Dylan J Murray, Julie M Phipps, Elizabeth Sweeney, Susan E Tomkins, Louise C Wilson, Sophia Bennett, Richard J Cornall, John Broxholme, Alexander Kanapin, David Johnson, Steven A Wall, Peter J van der Spek, Irene M J Mathijssen, Robert E Maxson, Stephen R F Twigg & Andrew O M Wilkie Craniosynostosis, the premature fusion of the cranial sutures, is a heterogeneous disord...
Source: Nature Genetics - January 27, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Vikram P SharmaAimée L FenwickMia S BrockopSimon J McGowanJacqueline A C GoosA Jeannette M HoogeboomAngela F BradyNu Owase JeelaniSally Ann LynchJohn B MullikenDylan J MurrayJulie M PhippsElizabeth SweeneySusan E TomkinsLouise C WilsonSophia BennettRicha Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Childhood catatonia, autism and psychosis past and present: is there an ‘iron triangle’?
ConclusionRecognition of a mixed form of catatonia, autism and psychosis has important implications for both diagnosis and treatment. None of the separate diagnoses provides an accurate picture in these complex cases, and when given single diagnoses such as ‘schizophrenia’, the standard treatment options may prove markedly ineffective.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica - January 27, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Edward Shorter, Lee Elizabeth Wachtel Tags: Clinical Overview Source Type: research

Molecular Pathology of Neoplastic Gastrointestinal Diseases
series:Molecular Pathology LibraryMolecular Pathology of Neoplastic Gastrointestinal Diseases reviews the molecular aspects that characterize the spectrum of neoplastic conditions that affect the gastrointestinal tract, providing the reader with current up-to-date knowledge. For each disease entity chapters provide reviews on:the molecular basis of the individual diseasemolecular testing approaches currently available or in ...
Source: Springer Medicine titles - January 26, 2013 Category: Databases & Libraries Tags: Pathology Source Type: news

The mitochondrion: A perpetrator of acquired hearing loss.
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Annual Reviews 2013". PMID: 23361190 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Hearing Research - January 26, 2013 Category: Audiology Authors: Böttger EC, Schacht J Tags: Hear Res Source Type: research

Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate Induces Oxidative Stress Responses in Human Placental Cells In Vitro.
The objective of the current study is to identify MEHP-stimulated oxidative stress responses in human placental cells. We treated a human placental cell line, HTR-8/SVneo, with MEHP and then measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation using the dichlorofluorescein assay, oxidized thymine with mass-spectrometry, redox-sensitive gene expression with qRT-PCR, and apoptosis using a luminescence assay for caspase 3/7 activity. Treatment of HTR-8 cells with 180 μM MEHP increased ROS generation, oxidative DNA damage, and caspase 3/7 activity, and resulted in differential expression of redox-sensitive genes. Notably, 90 and...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - January 26, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Tetz LM, Cheng A, Korte C, Giese R, Wang P, Harris C, Meeker JD, Loch-Caruso R Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Diabetes mellitus and inflammatory pulpal and periapical disease: a review
Abstract Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders. DM is characterized by hyperglycemia, resulting in wound healing difficulties and systemic and oral manifestations, which have a direct effect on dental pulp integrity. Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated a higher prevalence of periapical lesions in uncontrolled diabetic patients. The influence of DM in periapical bone resorption and its impact on dental intervention of such patients are reviewed, and its aetiology and pathogenesis are analyzed at molecular level. Pulps from diabetics have the tendency to present limited dental c...
Source: International Endodontic Journal - January 26, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: S. M. F. Lima, D. C. Grisi, E. M. Kogawa, O. L. Franco, V. C. Peixoto, J. F. Gonçalves‐Júnior, M. P. Arruda, T. M. B. Rezende Tags: Review Source Type: research

Metallothionein 1h Tumor Suppressor Activity in Prostate Cancer Is Mediated By Euchromatin Methyltransferase 1
Abstract Metallothioneins (MT) are a group of metal binding proteins thought to play a role in the detoxification of heavy metals. Here we showed by microarray and validation analyses that MT1h, a member of MT, is down‐regulated in many human malignancies. Low expression of MT1h was associated with poor clinical outcomes in both prostate and liver cancer. We found that the promoter region of MT1h was hypermethylated in cancer and that demethylation of the MT1h promoter reversed the suppression of MT1h expression. Forced expression of MT1h induced cell growth arrest, suppressed colony formation, retarded migration, and re...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 25, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Yu‐Chen Han, Zhong‐Liang Zheng, Ze‐Hua Zuo, Yan P. Yu, Rui Chen, George C. Tseng, Joel B. Nelson, Jian‐Hua Luo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Impact Of A Multidisciplinary Team Training Programme On Rectal Cancer Outcomes In Spain
ConclusionThis study shows that the results obtained in Norway have been reproduced in a larger population in Spain applying a similar methodology.© 2013 The Authors. Colorectal Disease © 2013 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland
Source: Colorectal Disease - January 25, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hector Ortiz, Arne Wibe, Miguel Angel Ciga, Juan Lujan, Antonio Codina, Sebastiano Biondo, Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Maxillary Reconstruction With Bone Transport Distraction and Implants After Partial Maxillectomy
Maxillary and mandibular bone defects can result from injury, congenital defect, or accident, or as a consequence of surgical procedures when treating pathology or defects affecting jaw bones. The glandular odontogenic cyst is an infrequent type of odontogenic cyst that can leave a bony defect after being treated by aggressive surgical means. First described in 1987 by Padayachee and Van Wyk, it is a potentially aggressive entity, having a predisposition to recur when treated conservatively, with only 111 cases having been reported hitherto. Most reports emphasize its clinical, radiographic, and histologic features, includ...
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - January 25, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Jaime Castro-Núñez, Marcos Daniel González Tags: Surgical Oncology and Reconstruction Source Type: research

Navigation-Assisted Le Fort I Osteotomy With Midpalatal Split to Treat Compressive Pathologies of the Craniovertebral Junction
This report describes the management of the case of an 11-year-old girl with serious compressive pathology of the craniocervical junction using a navigation-guided Le Fort I level maxillotomy and midline split. In this pediatric case, image guidance significantly enhanced intraoperative orientation and helped to determine the correct location of the horizontal osteotomy lines at the Le Fort I level.
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - January 25, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: George K. Sándor, Jarkko T. Korpi, Leena P. Ylikontiola, Niina Salokorpi, Jani Katisko, Timo Kumpulainen Tags: Surgical Oncology and Reconstruction Source Type: research

Hyposalivation: The Roles of Radioactive Iodine and Stapes Surgery
Conclusions: The loss of function of both parotid glands after 131I therapy for thyroid cancer was initially compensated by the secretions of the more radiation-resistant submandibular and sublingual salivary glands (SMSG/SLSG). Damage to the CTN's secretory fibers in one SMSG/SLSG complex led to subjective oral dryness by accentuating an existing objective hyposalivation.
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - January 25, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Louis Mandel Tags: Pathology Source Type: research

Von Economo neurons are selectively targeted in frontotemporal dementia
In conclusion, this study confirms selective sensitivity of VEN in FTD and suggests that VEN loss is an early event in the neurodegenerative process.
Source: Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology - January 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Alexander Frizell Santillo, Christer Nilsson, Elisabet Englund Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Advanced Cell Diagnostics Appoints Evangeline Gonzalez as Chief Commercial Officer
HAYWARD, Calif., Jan. 25, 2013 (HSMN NewsFeed) -- Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Inc., a world leader in the field of in situ nucleic acid detection for life science research and clinical diagnostics, today announced the appointment of Evangeline Gonzalez to... Diagnostics, Personalized Medicine, PersonnelAdvanced Cell Diagnostics, RNAscope, molecular pathology
Source: HSMN NewsFeed - January 25, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

S14G‐humanin inhibits Aβ1–42 fibril formation, disaggregates preformed fibrils, and protects against Aβ‐induced cytotoxicity in vitro
This study provides the novel evidence that HNG may have anti‐Aβ fibrillogenesis and fibril‐destabilizing properties, suggesting that HNG may have promising therapeutic potential as a multitarget agent for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Source: Journal of Peptide Science - January 25, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wei Zhang, Ying Du, Miao Bai, Ye Xi, Zhuyi Li, Jianting Miao Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Ocular adnexal lymphoma staging and treatment: American Joint Committee on Cancer  versus Ann Arbor.
Conclusions. Regardless of stage, recurrence and disease-free survival were more closely related to treatment and histopathology rather than tumor size or site-specific location. PMID: 23397158 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Ophthalmology - January 25, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Graue GF, Finger PT, Maher E, Della Rocca D, Della Rocca R, Lelli Jr GJ, Milman T Tags: Eur J Ophthalmol Source Type: research

Transforming growth factor-β regulates the expression of anosmin (KAL-1) in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Abstract In a microarray analysis of human retinal pigment epithelial cells (HRPE) treated with TGF-β, in addition to the alteration of a number of known Extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes regulated by TGF-β, we found a significant increase in the expression of Kallmann Syndrome (KAL)-1 gene, that codes for the protein anosmin-1. Enhanced expression of KAL-1 by TGF-β was validated by real-time PCR analysis. In in vitro experiments, TGF-β receptor inhibitor abolished TGF-β-induced expression of KAL-1. Immunofluorescence staining showed increased presence of anosmin-1 in TGF-β treated HRPE cells, with dis...
Source: Cytokine - January 25, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Raju R, Jian B, Hooks JJ, Nagineni CN Tags: Cytokine Source Type: research

Mammary analog secretory carcinoma of salivary glands: A report of 2 cases with expression of basal/myoepithelial markers (calponin, CD10 and p63 protein).
We describe 2 cases of MASC occurring in a 34-year-old female and a 58-year-old male, both presenting with a swelling of upper lip and right parotid gland, measuring 15 and 20mm, respectively. Without adjuvant treatment, both patients have been free of disease for 15 months and 12 months since the operation. Microscopically, both tumors were cystic and showed tubular and cystopapillary architecture. The tumor cells had round to oval nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Presence of eosinophilic material was evident within cystic spaces. Immunohistochemically, both tumors expressed cytokeratins (CK), CK7, CK8, CK18, epithelial...
Source: Pathology, Research and Practice - January 25, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Laco J, Svajdler M, Andrejs J, Hrubala D, Hácová M, Vaněček T, Skálová A, Ryška A Tags: Pathol Res Pract Source Type: research

The DNA Methylomes of Serous Borderline Tumors Reveal Subgroups With Malignant- or Benign-Like Profiles.
Abstract Serous borderline tumors (SBOTs) are a challenging group of ovarian tumors positioned between benign and malignant disease. We have profiled the DNA methylomes of 12 low-grade serous carcinomas (LGSCs), 19 SBOTs, and 16 benign serous tumors (BSTs) across 27,578 CpG sites to further characterize the epigenomic relationship between these subtypes of ovarian tumors. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DNA methylation levels showed that LGSCs differ distinctly from BSTs, but not from SBOTs. Gene ontology analysis of genes showing differential methylation at linked CpG sites between LGSCs and BSTs revealed ...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 25, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Zeller C, Dai W, Curry E, Siddiq A, Walley A, Masrour N, Kitsou-Mylona I, Anderson G, Ghaem-Maghami S, Brown R, El-Bahrawy M Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

This Month in AJP.
Authors: Abstract The following highlights summarize research articles that are published in the current issue of The American Journal of Pathology. PMID: 23357501 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 25, 2013 Category: Pathology Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Entamoeba histolytica Exacerbates Epithelial Tight Junction Permeability and Proinflammatory Responses in Muc2(-/-) Mice.
Abstract Human mucin-2 (MUC-2) is the first line of innate host defense in preventing pathogen-induced epithelial injury. Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) colonizes the mucus layer by binding of the parasite's surface galactose lectin to galactose and N-acetyl-d-galactosamine residues on colonic MUC-2, preventing parasite contact-dependent cytolysis of epithelial cells. We quantified early innate responses to Eh in wild-type and MUC-2-deficient mice (Muc2(-/-)) using closed colonic loops. Eh infection in wild-type but not Muc2(-/-) mice induced a time-dependent increase in (3)H-labeled mucin and nonmucin glycoprotein sec...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 25, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Kissoon-Singh V, Moreau F, Trusevych E, Chadee K Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array Analysis of Uveal Melanomas Reveals That Amplification of CNKSR3 Is Correlated With Improved Patient Survival.
Abstract Metastatic death from uveal melanoma occurs almost exclusively with tumors showing monosomy of chromosome 3. However, approximately 5% of patients with a disomy 3 uveal melanoma develop metastases, and a further 5% of monosomy 3 uveal melanoma patients exhibit disease-free survival for >5 years. In the present study, whole-genome microarrays were used to interrogate four clinically well-defined subgroups of uveal melanoma: i) disomy 3 uveal melanoma with long-term survival; ii) metastasizing monosomy 3 uveal melanoma; iii) metastasizing disomy 3 uveal melanoma; and iv) monosomy 3 uveal melanoma with lon...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 25, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Lake SL, Damato BE, Kalirai H, Dodson AR, Taktak AF, Lloyd BH, Coupland SE Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Intussusception: as the cause of mechanical bowel obstruction in adults.
Conclusions: Adult intussusception remains a rare cause of abdominal pain. Diagnosis of intussusception in adults is still difficult. Main treatment was surgical in most cases. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2013;61:17-21). PMID: 23354345 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Korean J Gastroenter... - January 25, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Cakir M, Tekin A, Kucukkartallar T, Belviranli M, Gundes E, Paksoy Y Tags: Korean J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

[A case of acute cholecystitis after colonoscopy].
Abstract A 43-year-old man, who received total gastrectomy five years ago for advanced gastric cancer, underwent a screening colonoscopy and abdominal CT scan. Abdominal CT scan revealed no abnormal findings. Colonoscopy revealed polyps at the rectum, which were removed by polypectomy. The patient did not complain of abdominal pain or discomfort throughout the procedure. But, he developed right upper quadrant abdominal pain on the next day after colonoscopy. Abdominal CT scan revealed the distended gallbladder with mild wall thickening and suspicious sandy stones or sludge in the gallbladder. The patient underwent ...
Source: Korean J Gastroenter... - January 25, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Yun JH, Jeong WJ, Chang WS, Jo MH, Park JK, Lee SJ, Kim YD, Cheon GJ Tags: Korean J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

[Massive bleeding hemobilia occurred in patient with hepatocellular carcinoma].
We report an extremely rare case of metastatic common bile duct cancer from pulmonary adenocarcinoma presenting as obstructive jaundice. The patient was a 76-year-old male, who presented with generalized weakness and right upper quadrant pain. Plain chest X-ray noted multiple small nodules in both lung fields. Abdominal computed tomography scan showed a stricture of the mid common bile duct along with ductal wall enhancement. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography revealed a concentric, abrupt narrowing of the mid-common bile duct suggestive of primary bile duct cancer. However, pathology comfirmed metastatic common bi...
Source: Korean J Gastroenter... - January 25, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Lee KE, Kim CW, Kim MJ, Park J, Cho GM, Jang JW, Lee YS, Lee CD Tags: Korean J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Metastatic common bile duct cancer from pulmonary adenocarcinoma presenting as obstructive jaundice.
We report an extremely rare case of metastatic common bile duct cancer from pulmonary adenocarcinoma presenting as obstructive jaundice. The patient was a 76-year-old male, who presented with generalized weakness and right upper quadrant pain. Plain chest X-ray noted multiple small nodules in both lung fields. Abdominal computed tomography scan showed a stricture of the mid common bile duct along with ductal wall enhancement. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography revealed a concentric, abrupt narrowing of the mid-common bile duct suggestive of primary bile duct cancer. However, pathology comfirmed metastatic common bile du...
Source: Korean J Gastroenter... - January 25, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Cha IH, Kim JN, Kim YS, Ryu SH, Moon JS, Lee HK Tags: Korean J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Altered innate function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells restored by enzyme replacement therapy in Gaucher disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm that patients with GD exhibit altered numbers of innate and T lymphocytes and show for the first time that pDC from GD patients exhibit altered responsiveness to TLR9. These alterations could contribute to a decreased response to pathogens and could favor the development of malignancies. PMID: 23357793 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Blood Cells, Molecules and Diseases - January 25, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Braudeau C, Graveleau J, Rimbert M, Néel A, Hamidou M, Grosbois B, Besançon A, Giraudet S, Terrien C, Josien R, Masseau A Tags: Blood Cells Mol Dis Source Type: research

Multiple functions of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and its relevance in cardiovascular diseases.
Abstract Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system, and functions as the key SARS coronavirus receptor and stabilizer of neutral amino acid transporters. ACE2 catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, thereby counterbalancing ACE activity. Accumulating evidence indicates that the enzymatic activity of ACE2 has a protective role in cardiovascular diseases. Loss of ACE2 can be detrimental, as it leads to functional deterioration of the heart and progression of cardiac, renal, and vascular pathologies. Recombinant soluble human ACE2 protein has ...
Source: Circulation Journal - January 25, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kuba K, Imai Y, Penninger JM Tags: Circ J Source Type: research

Compromised respiratory function in lethal influenza infection is characterized by the depletion of type I alveolar epithelial cells beyond threshold levels.
Abstract During influenza virus infection, it is unclear how much alveolar cell loss can be tolerated before the host succumbs to the disease. We sought to define relevant correlates of disease severity in the mouse influenza model, hypothesizing that a susceptibility threshold exists for alveolar epithelial cell loss. We compared lung pathology, virus spread, alveolar epithelial cell depletion, arterial blood oxygenation, physiological responses measured by unrestrained plethysmography, and oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production by gas analysis in mice at intervals after infection with virus strains that...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - January 25, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Sanders CJ, Vogel P, McClaren JL, Bajracharya R, Doherty PC, Thomas PG Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Molecular Mechanism of Warfarin-induced Calcification [Signal Transduction]
Warfarin can stimulate vascular calcification in vitro via activation of β-catenin signaling and/or inhibition of matrix Gla protein (MGP) carboxylation. Calcification was induced in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with therapeutic levels of warfarin in normal calcium and clinically acceptable phosphate levels. Although TGF/BMP and PKA pathways are activated in calcifying VSMCs, pharmacologic analysis reveals that their activation is not contributory. However, β-catenin activity is important because inhibition of β-catenin with shRNA or bioflavonoid quercetin prevents calcification in primary human VSMCs, rodent ao...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 25, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beazley, K. E., Eghtesad, S., Nurminskaya, M. V. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research