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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 33.

Expression of the plant viral protease NIa in the brain of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease mitigates Aβ pathology and improves cognitive function.
Abstract The plant viral protease, NIa, has a strict substrate specificity for the consensus sequence of Val-Xaa-His-Gln, with a scissoring property after Gln. We recently reported that NIa efficiently cleaved the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, which contains the sequence Val-His-His-Gln in the vicinity of the cleavage site by α-secretase, and that the expression of NIa using a lentiviral system in the brain of AD mouse model reduced plaque deposition levels. In the present study, we investigated whether exogenous expression of NIa in the brain of AD mouse model is beneficial to the improvement of cognitive deficits. T...
Source: exp Mol Med - December 31, 2012 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kim TK, Han HE, Kim H, Lee JE, Choi D, Park WJ, Han PL Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research

The Role of Endocytic Pathways in TGF-β Signaling.
Abstract Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily consists of numerous cytokins that regulate various cellular processes. TGF-β, the prototype of the family, signals through its cell surface serine/threonin kinase receptors and besides its role in cell differentiation, migration, adhesion etc. it is also able to induce epithelial-mesenchymal (EMT) transition via both Smad- pathway and MAPK- pathway. Among the different types of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, type II that is described to be associated with wound healing, tissue regeneration, organ fibrosis and is induced upon inflammatory stimuli. It ...
Source: Pathology Oncology Research - December 30, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Balogh P, Katz S, Kiss AL Tags: Pathol Oncol Res Source Type: research

Pathogenesis and the Role of ARID1A Mutation in Endometriosis-related Ovarian Neoplasms
Endometriosis-related ovarian neoplasms (ERONs) are a unique group of tumors as they are associated with endometriosis, especially endometriosis presenting as an ovarian endometriotic cyst (endometrioma). ERONs include clear cell carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, and seromucinous borderline tumor. A growing body of evidence from both clinicopathologic and molecular studies suggests that most, if not all, ERONs develop from endometriotic cyst epithelium through different stages of tumor progression. The endometriotic cyst contains abundant iron-induced reactive oxygen species that are thought to be mutagenic, and chronic e...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 29, 2012 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Evaluation of Second Cancer Induction Risk by CT Follow-up in Oncological Long-surviving Patients.
Abstract ABSTRACT: The goal of establishing prompt localization of the malignant spread or recurrence of a tumor has found a powerful solution in the definition of follow-up protocols, which include the indication for CT scans on an annual or semiannual basis. In the case of long-surviving patients, however, this approach will lead to a considerable integrated dose level over a period of several years after recovery from the illness. Pathologies treated primarily by surgery and/or chemotherapy have been considered, not taking into account cancers treated with adjuvant or radical radiotherapy. Given that the most li...
Source: Health Physics - December 29, 2012 Category: Physics Authors: Calandrino R, Ardu V, Corletto D, Del Vecchio A, Origgi D, Signorotto P, Spinelli A, Tosi G, Bolognesi A, Cariati M, Kluzer A, Muscarella S Tags: Health Phys Source Type: research

Quality and safety issues in procedural rural practice: a prospective evaluation of current quality and safety guidelines in 3000 colonoscopies.
CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study compare favourably with published international standards, validate Australian general practice procedural training standards, and validate the additional quality measure of 'colonoscopy completion time'. Rural GPs can provide a safe and high quality service. Extending this service model to similar settings could improve reduced access to colonoscopy for rural Australians. PMID: 22985075 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Rural Remote Health - December 29, 2012 Category: Rural Health Authors: Azzopardi J, DeWitt DE Tags: Rural Remote Health Source Type: research

Bacterial cooperation in the wild and in the clinic: Are pathogen social behaviours relevant outside the laboratory?
Abstract Individual bacterial cells can communicate via quorum sensing, cooperate to harvest nutrients from their environment, form multicellular biofilms, compete over resources and even kill one another. When the environment that bacteria inhabit is an animal host, these social behaviours mediate virulence. Over the last decade, much attention has focussed on the ecology, evolution and pathology of bacterial cooperation, and the possibility that it could be exploited or destabilised to treat infections. But how far can we really extrapolate from theoretical predictions and laboratory experiments to make inferences about ...
Source: BioEssays - December 29, 2012 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Freya Harrison Tags: Prospects & Overviews Source Type: research

Protective action of ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in gastric ulcer prevention induced by ethanol in rats.
In this study, we evaluated the ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (eeRo); this plant, more commonly known as rosemary, has attracted the interest of the scientific community due to its numerous pharmacological properties and their potential therapeutic applications. Here, we tested the preventive effects of eeRo against gastric ulcer induced by 70% ethanol in male Wistar rats. In addition, we aimed to clarify the mechanism involved in the preventive action of the eeRo in gastric ulcers. Based on the analysis of markers of oxidative damage and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems, the measurement of nitrite an...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - December 29, 2012 Category: Food Science Authors: Amaral GP, de Carvalho NR, Barcelos RP, Dobrachinski F, Portella RD, da Silva MH, Lugokenski TH, Dias GR, da Luz SC, Boligon AA, Athayde ML, Villetti MA, Antunes Soares FA, Fachinetto R Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

DNA damage and repair in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.
Abstract Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a slowly progressive eye disease leading to blindness, mostly affecting people above 40 years old. The only known method of curing FECD is corneal transplantation. The disease is characterized by the presence of extracellular deposits called "cornea guttata", apoptosis of corneal endothelial cells, dysfunction of Descement's membrane and corneal edema. Oxidative stress is suggested to play a role in FECD pathogenesis. Reactive oxygen species produced during the stress may damage biomolecules, including DNA. In the present study we evaluated the extent of endog...
Source: Molecular Biology Reports - December 29, 2012 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Czarny P, Kasprzak E, Wielgorski M, Udziela M, Markiewicz B, Blasiak J, Szaflik J, Szaflik JP Tags: Mol Biol Rep Source Type: research

Incidence of Descending Aortic Pathology and Evaluation of the Impact of Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair: A Population-based Study in England and Wales from 1999 to 2010.
CONCLUSION: Improvements in case ascertainment may have contributed to the increase in hospital admissions. The increased application of TEVAR, particularly for dissections, is mainly in those above 75 years and has not yet translated into an accelerated survival benefit. PMID: 23280314 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: PubMed: Eur J Vasc Endovasc ... - December 29, 2012 Category: Surgery Authors: von Allmen RS, Anjum A, Powell JT Tags: Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg Source Type: research

Side effect of metenolone enanthate on rats heart in puberty: Morphometrical study.
In conclusion, it has been shown that the adverse effects of ME on heart were developing starting from puberty and resulting with the enlargement of the heart and left ventricular hypertrophy and especially among females this condition was more evident. It has also been discussed that the continuous use of drugs may further enhance this condition. PMID: 23280519 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology - December 29, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Ozdemir O, Bozkurt I, Ozdemir M, Yavuz O Tags: Exp Toxicol Pathol Source Type: research

Merkel cell carcinoma with divergent differentiation: histopathological and immunohistochemical study of 15 cases with pcr analysis for merkel cell polyomavirus
ConclusionsMCC with divergent differentiation is a highly aggressive tumour which might be difficult to recognise due to its wide histological variability. Negativity for MCV suggests the virus is not implicated in development of this subtype of MCC.© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Source: Histopathology - December 28, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Blanca Martin, Enrique Poblet, Juan Jose Rios, Dmitry Kazakov, Heinz Kutzner, Thomas Brenn, Eduardo Calonje Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Abbreviated exposure to cuprizone is sufficient to induce demyelination and oligodendrocyte loss
Abstract Cuprizone intoxication is one of several animal models used to study demyelination and remyelination. Early treatment protocols exposed mice to cuprizone for 6 weeks to induce demyelination; however, more recent reports have varied exposure times from 4 to 5 weeks. The goal of this study was to determine the minimal exposure of cuprizone in C57BL/6 mice that would induce a pathology of robust demyelination and gliosis similar to that described for a 5‐ or 6‐week treatment. We found that an abbreviated insult of only 2 weeks of exposure to cuprizone induced significant demyelination 3 weeks later (5‐week time...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - December 28, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Vivian Doan, Amber M. Kleindienst, Eileen J. McMahon, Brian R. Long, Glenn K. Matsushima, Lorelei C. Taylor Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Advances in Computational Medicine May Change How Physicians Use Clinical Pathology Laboratory Tests
Physicians, including pathologists, will be able to see a more holistic picture of the mechanisms of disease using sophisticated computer-generated models Medical diagnosis and treatment will be greatly influenced by the fast-growing field of computational medicine. It is a development with the potential to significantly change how physicians use clinical laboratory tests and anatomic pathology [...]
Source: Dark Daily - December 28, 2012 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: jude Tags: Digital Pathology Instruments & Equipment Laboratory Instruments & Laboratory Equipment Laboratory News Laboratory Operations Laboratory Pathology biomedical engineering biomolecular engineering clinical laboratory computational science Source Type: news

Basis Of Some Inherited Heart Disease May Be Hypercontracted Muscle
By studying flies genetically engineered to have muscle defects, scientists have taken a step toward explaining the mechanism and pathology of certain heart diseases in people. After making changes to the building blocks of the fruit fly version of a protein called troponin T, the researchers performed open-heart surgery and used microscopy to observe how the heart functioned differently than that of healthy fruit flies. Healthy fly hearts consist of a single tube that relaxes and expands to pump hemolymph - "fly blood...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - December 28, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart Disease Source Type: news

A study of factors affecting the human cone photoreceptor density measured by adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope.
In conclusion, we demonstrated cone packing density decreases as a function of retinal eccentricity and axial length and the results of NND and Voronoi analysis is a useful index for cone mosaics arrangements. The results also serve as a reference for further studies designed to detect or monitor cone photoreceptors in patients with retinal diseases. PMID: 23276813 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Eye Research - December 28, 2012 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Park SP, Chung JK, Greenstein V, Tsang SH, Chang S Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Are some parents' interaction styles associated with richer grammatical input?
CONCLUSIONS: Predictable overlap existed between the characteristics of parents' interaction styles and register use and their input informativeness. An other-focused descriptive style most strongly related to richer evidence for the +Tense grammar of English. PMID: 23275628 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology - December 28, 2012 Category: Speech Therapy Authors: Fitzgerald CE, Hadley PA, Rispoli M Tags: Am J Speech Lang Pathol Source Type: research

Gankyrin is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer and is associated with ErbB2 expression.
In conclusion, gankyrin was identified in normal breasts and overexpressed in invasive breast cancers. The overexpression of gankyrin was associated with extensive intraductal carcinoma and ErbB2 expression in breast cancer. PMID: 23276718 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental and Molecular Pathology - December 28, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Kim YH, Kim JH, Choi YW, Lim SK, Yim H, Kang SY, Chung YS, Lee GY, Park TJ Tags: Exp Mol Pathol Source Type: research

The role of Necl-5 in the invasive activity of lung adenocarcinoma.
In this study, we used a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) cell line and fibroblasts to assess the expression of Necl-5 in the development of cancer-stroma communication by using an easy-to-prepare double-layered collagen gel hemisphere (DL- CGH) system that enables visualization of cell migration during invasion. The expression of Necl-5 was higher in BAC cells than in fibroblasts. This tendency didn't change even when the BAC cells were mixed with fibroblasts. To assess the role of Necl-5 in the invasive activity of the BAC cells, we knocked down its expression using RNA interference (RNAi). The invasion assay with DL-C...
Source: Experimental and Molecular Pathology - December 28, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Tane S, Maniwa Y, Hokka D, Tauchi S, Nishio W, Okita Y, Yoshimura M Tags: Exp Mol Pathol Source Type: research

Busulfan-induced pathological changes of the cerebellar development in infant rats.
Abstract Busulfan, an antineoplastic bifunctional-alkylating agent, is known to induce developmental anomalies and fetal neurotoxicity. We previously reported that busulfan induced p53-dependent neural progenitor cell apoptosis in fetal rat brain (Ohira et al., 2012). The present study was carried out to clarify the characteristics and sequence of busulfan-induced pathological changes in infant rat brain. Six-day-old male infant rats were treated with 10, 20, 30 or 50mg/kg of busulfan, and their brains were examined at 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14 days after treatment (DAT). As a result, histopathological changes were select...
Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology - December 28, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Ohira T, Ando R, Saito T, Yahata M, Oshima Y, Tamura K Tags: Exp Toxicol Pathol Source Type: research

Immunohistochemistry of LAMP-2 and adipophilin for phospholipidosis in liver and kidney in ketoconazole-treated mice.
In conclusion, ketoconazole induced phospholipidosis in not only the liver but also the kidneys, and immunohistochemistry for LAMP-2 and adipophilin could be useful for the pathological evaluation of drug-induced phospholipidosis in mice. PMID: 23276623 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology - December 28, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Asaoka Y, Togashi Y, Imura N, Sai T, Miyoshi T, Miyamoto Y Tags: Exp Toxicol Pathol Source Type: research

Paratesticular myxoid/round cell liposarcoma harboring type 3 DDIT3-FUS fusion gene: Report of a very rare case.
We report here a very rare case of myxoid/round cell liposarcoma of the paratesticular region with type 3 DDIT3-FUS fusion gene. A 46-year-old Japanese man noticed a gradually enlarged intrascrotal mass without pain. Surgical resection of 3.4cm×2.1cm oval mass was carried out, and it was located in the right paratesticular region apart from the spermatic cord and epididymis. Histological examination of the tumor revealed ovoid cell proliferation with anastomosing vascular network and scattered lipoblasts. Genetic analysis elucidated that the tumor had a chromosomal translocation, type 3 DDIT3-FUS chimeric gene. The tumor ...
Source: Pathology, Research and Practice - December 28, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Zozumi M, Nakai M, Matsuda I, Hao H, Tsukamoto Y, Shiraishi Y, Nojima M, Yamamoto S, Hirota S Tags: Pathol Res Pract Source Type: research

The effects of subchronic d-serine on left-right discrimination learning, social interaction, and exploratory activity in APPswe/PS1 mice.
Abstract Glutamatergic neurotransmission is crucially involved in memory and cognition and severely affected patients with Alzheimer's disease. Modulation of NMDA receptors with agonists may reverse their late-stage symptoms. The effects of subchronic treatment of the NMDA receptor agonist, d-serine, were evaluated in APPswe/PS1 mutant mice harboring Aβ plaques in brain, regarding spatial discrimination learning, open-field activity, and social interaction in a three-chambered apparatus. d-serine (50mg/kg, i.p.) was superior to placebo in mutant mice during the reversal phase of left-right discrimination learning ...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - December 28, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Filali M, Lalonde R Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Use of Immunohistochemistry in Routine Workup of Prostate Needle Biopsies.
Conclusions.-Immunohistochemistry is frequently used in our prostate biopsy practice to establish or confirm a limited Cancer diagnosis, to better resolve diagnostic ambiguity, or for quality assurance. The data provided herein can be used for comparisons with other prostate biopsy practices. PMID: 23273390 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine - December 28, 2012 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Watson K, Wang C, Yilmaz A, Bismar TA, Trpkov K Tags: Arch Pathol Lab Med Source Type: research

Neuroblastoma with a Solitary Intraventricular Brain Metastasis Visualized on I‐123 MIBG Scan
CONCLUSIONSOur case shows that 123I‐MIBG scintigraphy can be useful in detecting intraventricular brain metastases of neuroblastoma. Although the 123I‐MIBG scintigraphy has been reported to have a significantly superior sensitivity in monitoring asymptomatic patients with neuroblastoma compared with 131I‐MIBG scans, bone marrow histology, bone scan, CT, and urinary catecholamine levels, further studies may be necessary to evaluate its sensitivity in detecting brain lesions.
Source: Journal of Neuroimaging - December 28, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Ion Codreanu, Constantin A. Dasanu, Hongming Zhuang Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Brain Metastases from Prostate Cancer: An 11‐Year Analysis in the MRI Era with Emphasis on Imaging Characteristics, Incidence, and Prognosis
CONCLUSIONSBrain metastasis from prostate cancer remains a rare phenomenon that most frequently occurs in the setting of widely disseminated bone and soft tissue disease. Patients with nonadenocarcinoma pathology are more likely to develop brain metastases. The MRI appearance is highly variable and prognosis is poor.
Source: Journal of Neuroimaging - December 28, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Vaios Hatzoglou, Gita V. Patel, Michael J. Morris, Kristen Curtis, Zhigang Zhang, Weiji Shi, Jason Huse, Marc Rosenblum, Andrei I. Holodny, Robert J. Young Tags: Clinical Investigative Study Source Type: research

Gastric Perforation Secondary to Regression of Lung Adenocarcinoma After Gefitinib Treatment [DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY]
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - December 28, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chung, Song, Ho, Chiu, Su Tags: Translational Oncology, Imaging, Pathology DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Source Type: research

Suspected Limbic Encephalitis and Seizure in Cats Associated with Voltage‐Gated Potassium Channel (VGKC) Complex Antibody
Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceOur study suggests that an autoimmune limbic encephalitis exists in cats and that VGKC‐complex/LGI1 antibodies may play a role in this disorder, as they are thought to in humans.
Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine - December 28, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. Pakozdy, P. Halasz, A. Klang, J. Bauer, M. Leschnik, A. Tichy, J.G. Thalhammer, B. Lang, A. Vincent Tags: Brief Communication Source Type: research

The peripheral messenger RNA expression of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β genes in Alzheimer's disease patients: a preliminary study
Conclusion: In AD patients, the mRNA expression level of the GSK‐3β gene is increased and may be related to age and behavioural pathology in AD.
Source: Psychogeriatrics - December 28, 2012 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Jian‐Hua SHENG, Tze‐Pin NG, Chun‐Bo LI, Guang‐Hua LU, Wei HE, Yi‐Ping QIAN, Jing‐Hua WANG, Shun‐Ying YU Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Improvement in delusions and hallucinations in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies upon administration of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine
Conclusion: YKS improved BPSD in dementia with Lewy bodies patients and caregiver burden scores without deterioration in cognitive function. YKS is useful for the treatment of delusions and hallucinations in BPSD.
Source: Psychogeriatrics - December 28, 2012 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Koh IWASAKI, Kenji KOSAKA, Hideo MORI, Reina OKITSU, Katsutoshi FURUKAWA, Yuta MANABE, Mitsuhiro YOSHITA, Aya KANAMORI, Nobuo ITO, Kenji WADA, Michio KITAYAMA, Jun HORIGUCHI, Shuhei YAMAGUCHI, Shin TAKAYAMA, Ryuji FUKUHARA, Shinji OUMA, Seigo NAKANO, Mamo Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Inducible expression of kallikrein in renal tubular cells protect mice from spontaneous lupus nephritis
ConclusionLocal expression of kallikreins within the kidney has the capacity to dampen lupus nephritis, possibly by modulating inflammation and oxidative stress. © 2012 American College of Rheumatology.
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism - December 28, 2012 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Xinli Shao, Ru Yang, Mei Yan, Yajuan Li, Yong Du Indu Raman, Bo Zhang, Ward Wakeland, Peter Igarashi, Chandra Mohan, Quan‐Zhen Li Tags: Full Length Source Type: research

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry: A new methodology to study human osteoarthritic cartilage
Conclusions: MALDI‐IMS identifies and localizes disease specific peptides and proteins in cartilage. All the OA related peptides and proteins detected display a stronger intensity in the deep cartilage. Mass spectrometry based molecular imaging is demonstrated to be an innovative method to study OA pathology. © 2012 American College of Rheumatology.
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism - December 28, 2012 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Berta Cillero‐Pastor, Gert B. Eijkel, Andras Kiss, Francisco J. Blanco, Ron M.A. Heeren Tags: Full Length Source Type: research

Endogenous GSK‐3/Shaggy regulates bidirectional axonal transport of the Amyloid Precursor Protein
Abstract Neurons rely on microtubule motor proteins such as kinesin‐1 and dynein to transport essential cargos between the cell body and axon terminus. Defective axonal transport causes abnormal axonal cargo accumulations and is connected to neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK‐3) has been proposed to be a central player in AD and to regulate axonal transport by the microtubule (MT) motor protein kinesin‐1. Using genetic, biochemical and biophysical approaches in Drosophila melanogaster, we find that endogenous GSK‐3 is a required negative regulator of both...
Source: Traffic - December 27, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Carole Weaver, Christina Leidel, Lukasz Szpankowski, Nicole M. Farley, George T. Shubeita, Lawrence S.B. Goldstein Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Improved first‐pass spiral myocardial perfusion imaging with variable density trajectories
Conclusion:Variable‐density spiral pulse sequences using an apodized DCF produce high‐quality first‐pass perfusion images with minimal dark‐rim and off‐resonance artifacts, high SNR and contrast‐to‐noise ratio, and good delineation of resting perfusion abnormalities. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Michael Salerno, Christopher Sica, Christopher M. Kramer, Craig H. Meyer Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Verrucous Hemangioma Expresses Primitive Markers
This study characterized the cell population within verrucous hemangioma. Material and MethodsParaffin‐embedded sections were verrucous hemangioma from two male patients were processed for immunohistochemistry. The expression of SMA, CD34, Glut‐1, D2‐40, brachyury, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), Oct‐4, hemoglobin ζ chain (HBZ), Wilms tumor protein (WT‐1) and CD45 were examined. ResultsThe lymphatic marker, D2‐40, was not expressed by verrucous hemangioma. While Glut‐1 was widely expressed in infantile hemangioma, it was only focally expressed by the endothelium of verrucous hemangioma. The endothelium ...
Source: Journal of Cutaneous Pathology - December 27, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Emma L Laing, Helen D Brasch, Ryan Steel, Jun Jia, Tinte Itinteang, Swee T Tan, Darren J Day Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The Reply
Thank you for the letter regarding our article entitled “A New Disease: Bicuspid Aortic Valve Aortopathy Syndrome.” I agree with your assertion that this congenital disease entity is not uncommon and appreciate your clarification of the prevalence of approximately 1 in 50 (up to 2%) of the general population. The motivation for our report was to introduce this potentially unheard-of association between a seemingly innocent common congenital aortic valve abnormality with its lesser known associated and potentially deadly counterpart of aortic pathology.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Vincent L. Sorrell Tags: Letters Source Type: research

Reliability and validity of the Korean version of Pediatric Voice Handicap Index: In school age children
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Pediatric Voice Handicap Index (pVHI) for cross-cultural adaptation of the Korean version with school age children.Methods: The questionnaire was translated into Korean and was completed by 101 Korean parents who have children with or without disordered voice. The Korean version-pVHI scores were obtained with 60 parents of normal children and 41 parents who have children with voice problems. Content validity was verified by five experienced speech–language pathologists with clinical specialization in voice disorders. Internal con...
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology - December 27, 2012 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Sung Shin Park, Tack-Kyun Kwon, Seong Hee Choi, Won Yong Lee, Young Hye Hong, Nyun Gi Jeong, Myung-Whun Sung, Kwang Hyun Kim Tags: Research papers Source Type: research

Chirp-evoked otoacoustic emissions in children
Conclusions: The results suggest that performance of chirp-evoked OAEs for screening purposes is similar to click-evoked OAEs when the same stimulus level is applied. OAEs evoked with lower stimulus levels (70 vs. 80dB pSPL) are more sensitive to middle ear pathology. The presence of SOAEs significantly influences the pass rates of OAEs evoked by chirps and clicks.
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology - December 27, 2012 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: W. Wiktor Jedrzejczak, Krzysztof Kochanek, Lech Sliwa, Edyta Pilka, Anna Piotrowska, Henryk Skarzynski Tags: Research papers Source Type: research

A classic review on extracellular ATP and its signalling functions that helped to define the field's agenda for many years.
Abstract In his highly cited Biochemical Journal review, 'Extracellular ATP: effects, sources and fate', John Gordon summarized the state of knowledge in 1986 surrounding the extracellular signalling functions of ATP. At that time, the status of ATP as a signalling agent was overwhelmed by the central position of ATP in energy metabolism and, as Dr Gordon wryly noted, many regarded such a notion as "verging on the heretical". His review covered what was then known of ATP receptors, and ATP signalling in a diverse range of physiological processes such as platelet aggregation, vascular tone, peripheral and central ne...
Source: The Biochemical Journal - December 27, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Dale N Tags: Biochem J Source Type: research

Focal expression of adeno-associated viral-mutant tau induces widespread impairment in an APP mouse model
Abstract: Adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (AAV6) viral vectors encoding mutant and normal tau were used to produce focal tau pathology. Two mutant forms of tau were used; the P301S tau mutation is associated with neurofibrillary tangle formation in humans, and the 3PO mutation leads to rapid tau aggregation and is associated with pathogenic phosphorylation and cytotoxicity in vitro. We show that adeno-associated viral injection into entorhinal cortex of normal and tau knockout animals leads to local overexpression of tau, and the presence of human tau in axons projecting to and emanating from the entorhinal cortex. Star...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - December 27, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Elisa Dassie, Melissa R. Andrews, Jean-Charles Bensadoun, Matthias Cacquevel, Bernard L. Schneider, Patrick Aebischer, Fred S. Wouters, Jill C. Richardson, Ishrut Hussain, David R. Howlett, Maria Grazia Spillantini, James W. Fawcett Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: research

Clinical and statistical correlation of various lumbar pathological conditions
Abstract: Current clinical evaluations often rely on static anatomic imaging modalities for diagnosis of mechanical low back pain, which provide anatomic snapshots and a surrogate analysis of a functional disease. Three dimensional in vivo motion is available with the use of digital fluoroscopy, which was used to capture kinematic data of the lumbar spine in order to identify coefficients of motion that may assist the physician in differentiating patient pathology. Forty patients distributed among 4 classes of lumbar degeneration, from healthy to degenerative, underwent CT, MRI, and digital x-ray fluoroscopy. Each patient ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanics - December 27, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: J. Michael Johnson, Mohamed Mahfouz, Nicholas V. Battaglia, Adrija Sharma, Joseph S. Cheng, Richard D. Komistek Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Specific infiltration pattern of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in chronic histiocytic intervillositis of unknown etiology
Conclusion: We found that CIUE is associated with an increase in Treg lymphocytes in the decidua basalis and the intervillous space. Contrary to previously published data on human miscarriage, this result appears to be specific to CIUE and would support the hypothesis of an immunopathological disorder for CIUE.
Source: Placenta - December 27, 2012 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: C. Capuani, F. Meggetto, I. Duga, M. Danjoux, M. March, O. Parant, P. Brousset, J. Aziza Tags: Pathology Source Type: research

Functional Amyloidogenesis and Cytotoxicity???Insights into Biology and Pathology
by Douglas M. Fowler, Jeffery W. Kelly Prions are self-templating protein structures that can be transferred from organism to organism. The [Het-s] prion propagates as a functional amyloid aggregate in the filamentous fungi Podospora anserina, and is involved in mediating heterokaryon incompatibility. Fusion of a P. anserina strain harboring the [Het-s] prion with another strain expressing the soluble Het-S protein results in cell death. The mechanism of Het-s/Het-S-mediated cell death has now been revealed in a paper just published in PLOS Biology. The study shows that Het-s and Het-S C-terminal domain co-amyloidogen...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - December 27, 2012 Category: Biology Authors: Douglas M. Fowler et al. Source Type: research

Improved first-pass spiral myocardial perfusion imaging with variable density trajectories.
CONCLUSION: Variable-density spiral pulse sequences using an apodized DCF produce high-quality first-pass perfusion images with minimal dark-rim and off-resonance artifacts, high SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio, and good delineation of resting perfusion abnormalities. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. PMID: 23280884 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Salerno M, Sica C, Kramer CM, Meyer CH Tags: Magn Reson Med Source Type: research

The many faces of fungal disease of the paranasal sinuses: CT and MRI findings.
Abstract The prevalence of fungal rhinosinusitis has increased worldwide over the last two decades. Fungal rhinosinusitis includes a wide variety of infections, from relatively innocent to rapidly fatal processes. Fungal infection may be one of the most challenging forms of sinonasal pathology to manage, especially the invasive forms, which have high mortality rates. Therefore, it is essential to correctly diagnose and classify fungal disease of paranasal sinuses in order to accurately predict prognosis and implement effective therapy. This essay describes the different manifestations of fungal sinusitis on compute...
Source: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology : The Turkish Society of Radiology - December 27, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Mossa-Basha M, Ilica AT, Maluf F, Karakoc O, Izbudak I, Aygun N Tags: Diagn Interv Radiol Source Type: research

Immunohistochemical study of p53, Ki-67, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression at invasive front of squamous cell and verrucous carcinoma in oral cavity.
Abstract Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity. Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is a lower grade subtype of SCC with pathological similarities but different management. Tumor invasive front (TIF) is a dynamic location in the differentiation of malignancies. p53 is a tumor suppressor and Ki-67 a proliferation marker. Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 are involved in the tumor invasiveness. We assessed these markers in TIF of oral SCC and VC to find more precise grading scales. We studied the expression of markers in the invasive front of 42 cases of SCC (21 high and 21 low grade), 2...
Source: Pathology, Research and Practice - December 27, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Mohtasham N, Babakoohi S, Shiva A, Shadman A, Kamyab-Hesari K, Shakeri MT, Sharifi-Sistani N Tags: Pathol Res Pract Source Type: research

Resveratrol Reverses Remodeling in Hearts with Large, Old Myocardial Infarctions through Enhanced Autophagy-Activating AMP Kinase Pathway.
In conclusion, resveratrol is a beneficial pharmacological tool that augments autophagy to bring about reverse remodeling in the postinfarction heart. PMID: 23274061 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - December 27, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Kanamori H, Takemura G, Goto K, Tsujimoto A, Ogino A, Takeyama T, Kawaguchi T, Watanabe T, Morishita K, Kawasaki M, Mikami A, Fujiwara T, Fujiwara H, Seishima M, Minatoguchi S Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

The Involvement of Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 in Muscular Dystrophies.
Abstract Fibrosis is the main complication of muscular dystrophies. We identified collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (Cthrc1) in skeletal and cardiac muscles of mice, representing Duchenne and congenital muscle dystrophies (DMD and CMD, respectively), and dysferlinopathy. In all of the mice, Cthrc1 was associated with high collagen type I levels; no Cthrc1 or collagen was observed in muscles of control mice. High levels of Cthrc1 were also observed in biopsy specimens from patients with DMD, in whom they were reversibly correlated with that of β-dystroglycan, whereas collagen type I levels were elevated in ...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - December 27, 2012 Category: Pathology Authors: Spector I, Zilberstein Y, Lavy A, Genin O, Barzilai-Tutsch H, Bodanovsky A, Halevy O, Pines M Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

The role of inflammasome-derived IL-1 in driving IL-17 responses.
Abstract NLRs are members of the PRR family that sense microbial pathogens and mediate host innate immune responses to infection. Certain NLRs can assemble into a multiprotein complex called the inflammasome, which activates casapse-1 required for the cleavage of immature forms of IL-1β and IL-18 into active, mature cytokines. The inflammasome is activated by conserved, exogenous molecules from microbes and nonmicrobial molecules, such as asbestos, alum, or silica, as well as by endogenous danger signals, such as ATP, amyloid-β, and sodium urate crystals. Activation of the inflammasome is a critical event trigger...
Source: Journal of Leukocyte Biology - December 27, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Mills KH, Dungan LS, Jones SA, Harris J Tags: J Leukoc Biol Source Type: research

Reproducibility of Immunohistochemical Scoring for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Conclusions.-After appropriate training, assessing EGFR expression by this immunohistochemistry-based method allowed a highly reproducible allocation of non-small cell lung cancers into clinically relevant high- or low-EGFR expression groups. PMID: 23270410 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Rüschoff J, Kerr KM, Grote HJ, Middel P, von Heydebreck A, Alves VA, Baldus SE, Büttner R, Carvalho L, Fink L, Jochum W, Lo AW, López-Ríos F, Marx A, Molina TJ, Olszewski WT, Rieker RJ, Volante M, Thunnissen E, Wrba F, Celik I, Störkel S Tags: Arch Pathol Lab Med Source Type: research

Bringing balance by force: live cell extrusion controls epithelial cell numbers.
Abstract To function as an intact barrier, epithelia must maintain constant cell numbers despite high rates of turnover. If the rate of death exceeds proliferation, epithelial barrier function could become compromised; if it lags behind proliferation, cells could amass into tumors. Although the balance between cell death and division is critical for preventing pathology, most studies focus on each process in isolation. Loss of contact inhibition is a hallmark of cancer cells and has suggested that cell contacts are important for linking rates of cell division and death. However, epithelial cells continuously divide...
Source: Trends in Cell Biology - December 27, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Eisenhoffer GT, Rosenblatt J Tags: Trends Cell Biol Source Type: research