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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 29.

Mechanisms of diabetic complications.
Abstract It is increasingly apparent that not only is a cure for the current worldwide diabetes epidemic required, but also for its major complications, affecting both small and large blood vessels. These complications occur in the majority of individuals with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Among the most prevalent microvascular complications are kidney disease, blindness, and amputations, with current therapies only slowing disease progression. Impaired kidney function, exhibited as a reduced glomerular filtration rate, is also a major risk factor for macrovascular complications, such as heart attacks and stroke...
Source: Physiological Reviews - January 1, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Forbes JM, Cooper ME Tags: Physiol Rev Source Type: research

Diagnosis of Liver Disease in Domestic Ferrets (Mustela Putorius)
Liver disease in ferrets is often subclinical and underdiagnosed. Clinical pathology and diagnostic imaging are needed to guide clinicians but definite diagnosis is based on histopathologic lesions. Inflammatory digestive conditions can lead to ascending tract infection and hepatobiliary inflammation. Ferrets have a specific sensitivity to hepatic lipidosis. Incidence of hepatic neoplasia is high in ferrets. After a summary of anatomy and physiology of the ferret liver, hepatic diseases known in ferret species are reviewed with their subsequent diagnostic procedures.
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice - January 1, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Minh Huynh, Flora Laloi Source Type: research

Encephalitis with infiltration by CD8+ Lymphocytes in HIV Patients receiving Combination Antiretroviral Treatment
We report the neuropathological findings in 10 HIV‐infected patients treated by combination anti‐retroviral therapy who developed subacute encephalopathy of rapidly progressive onset. Brain biopsy showed encephalitic lesions variably associated with myelin loss and slight axonal damage. There was inconstant, weak expression of HIV protein p24; tests for other pathogens were negative. The most striking feature was diffuse, perivascular and intraparenchymal infiltration by CD8+, T lymphocytes. Six patients improved following treatment. Four had an unfavourable outcome and died within a year. Postmortem in one case confir...
Source: Brain Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Françoise Gray, François Xavier Lescure, Homa Adle‐Biassette, François Marc Polivka, Sébastien Gallien, Gilles Pialoux, Antoine Moulignier Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Decitabine represses translocated MYC oncogene in Burkitt lymphoma
Abstract Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is caused by translocation of the MYC gene to an immunoglobulin locus resulting in its constitutive expression depending on the activity of the immunoglobulin (Ig) enhancer elements. Treatment of BL cell lines with epigenetic modifiers is known to repress B‐cell specific genes and to up‐regulate B‐cell‐inappropriate genes including the transcription repressor ID2 expression. We found that DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine/5‐aza‐2‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza‐dC) represses the MYC oncogene on RNA and protein levels by inducing ID2. Down‐regulation of MYC was associated wit...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Hanfeng Guan, Linka Xie, Kay Klapproth, Clarissa D. Weitzer, Thomas Wirth, Alexey Ushmorov Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Evaluation of GLUT‐1 in the granular cell tumour and congenital granular cell epulis
ConclusionsNeither granular cell tumour nor congenital granular cell epulis is directly related to perineurial cells.
Source: Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Giovanna Ribeiro Souto, Patrícia Carlos Caldeira, Aline Cristina Batista Rodrigues Johann, Helenicede Andrade Marigo, Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machadode Souza, Ricardo Alves Mesquita Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Endoscopic ultrasound in pediatric patients
Abstract: Endoscopic ultrasound is becoming increasingly popular in the practice of pediatric gastroenterology. It is widely used in adults to both diagnose and treat gastrointestinal tract pathology, including, but not limited to, congenital abnormalities, submucosal lesions, cholelithiasis, malignancies, autoimmune diseases (ie, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), pancreaticobiliary disease, and eosinophilic esophagitis. Experience with this technology in pediatric population is still limited but is rapidly growing. Certain aspects of pediatric cases require special consideration, especially differences in size of ana...
Source: Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - January 1, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Nikhil Banerjee, Douglas G. Adler Source Type: research

Transgender voice and communication treatment: a retrospective chart review of 25 cases.
CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS: Treatment goals for clients included in this study were consistent with those goals most often recommended in the research literature regarding voice and communication treatment for transgender clients. Voice and communication treatment resulted in gains in areas important to listeners' perception of gender. Further research is warranted to determine efficacy of specific treatment protocols and potentially influential factors such as initial voice and communication status. PMID: 23317384 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders - January 1, 2013 Category: Speech Therapy Authors: Hancock AB, Garabedian LM Tags: Int J Lang Commun Disord Source Type: research

Speech and language therapy/pathology: perspectives on a gendered profession.
CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS: Gender imbalance in SLT needs to be researched further in order to help address inequalities, re-evaluate professional practices and develop service delivery in the profession. This area also needs to be researched via analysis that goes beyond gender distribution in numerical terms to consider the complex perceptions or discourses around gender and work. Cross-disciplinary and comparative perspectives in future research would also be fruitful. PMID: 23317387 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders - January 1, 2013 Category: Speech Therapy Authors: Litosseliti L, Leadbeater C Tags: Int J Lang Commun Disord Source Type: research

Benefits of the fiber optic versus the electret microphone in voice amplification.
CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS: Patients with neurological and/or respiratory-based voice problems may more confidently and frequently use the fiber optic microphone to communicate, socialize and participate in occupational activities more easily. Speech-language pathologists may more confidently use or recommend the fiber optic microphone with amplification systems. PMID: 23317389 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders - January 1, 2013 Category: Speech Therapy Authors: Kyriakou K, Fisher HR Tags: Int J Lang Commun Disord Source Type: research

Clinical Examination of the Rotator Cuff
Rotator cuff tears are the leading cause of shoulder pain and shoulder-related disability and account for 4.5 million physician visits in the United States annually. A careful history and structured physical examination are often sufficient for diagnosing rotator cuff disorders. We are not aware of a clinical review article that presents a structured physical examination protocol of the rotator cuff for the interested clinician. To fill this void, we present a physical examination protocol developed on the basis of review of prior literature and our clinical experience from dedicated shoulder practices. Our protocol includ...
Source: PM and R - January 1, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Nitin B. Jain, Reg B. Wilcox, Jeffrey N. Katz, Laurence D. Higgins Tags: Clinical Review: Teaching Rounds Source Type: research

Interview: Immunogenicity: the elephant in the room for regenerative medicine?
Abstract Paul Fairchild speaks to Alexandra Hemsley, Assistant Commissioning Editor Paul Fairchild began his research career in Oxford, UK, where he studied for a doctorate within the Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, focusing on the immune response to organ allografts. After spending 5 years as a postdoctoral fellow investigating the etiology of autoimmune disease in the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK, he returned to Oxford, where he is currently a University Lecturer in Preclinical Medicine within the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology and a Fellow of Trinity College. In 2008, Fai...
Source: Regenerative Medicine - January 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Fairchild P Tags: Regen Med Source Type: research

LSHSS Is Critical to the Practice of School Speech-Language Pathology.
PMID: 23305939 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools - January 1, 2013 Category: Speech Therapy Authors: Schuele CM Tags: Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch Source Type: research

Pleomorphic fibroma and dermal atypical lipomatous tumor: are they related?
Abstract Pleomorphic fibromas represent dome‐shaped or polypoid cutaneous lesions characterized by a paucicellular and densely fibrotic background punctuated by scattered atypical to pleomorphic spindle and multinucleated giant cells. Some of these tumors will have incorporated adipose tissue, though these adipocytic areas lack distinct cytologic atypia and may represent entrapped normal periadnexal or subcutaneous adipose tissue. Nonetheless, due to the similarity of some of the morphologic features of pleomorphic fibroma with cutaneous atypical lipomatous tumor, diagnostic confusion can ensue. The potential diagnosti...
Source: Journal of Cutaneous Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Tariq Al‐Zaid, Wei‐Lien Wang, Dolores Lopez‐Terrada, Dina Lev, Jason L. Hornick, A. Hafeez Diwan, Christopher D. M. Fletcher, Alexander J. Lazar Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Monoclonal plasma cell proliferation, associated with crystal storing histiocytosis in a background of plasmacytoid dendritic cell tumour (PDCT) in a patient with stable chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML)
We describe a case of plasmacytoid dendritic cell tumours (PDCTs) in a 72 year‐old female with a stable chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) of 5 years duration. A recent bone marrow aspirate and trephine showed CMML with 5% blasts without evidence of blast transformation or involvement by plasma cell myeloma. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Source: Histopathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Ibrahim M Zardawi, Ferenc Szabo Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

The anti‐inflammatory effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in fibroblast‐like synoviocytes from the human temporomandibular joint results from the suppression of PGE2 production
ConclusionThe COX inhibitors indomethacin and celecoxib reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, such as COX‐2 and IL‐6, in FLS from the TMJ via suppression of PGE2 production. EP2 and EP4 were the main receptors for PGE2 present in the FLS. The approach used in this study may be useful for revealing how drugs such as NSAIDs affect the cellular functions of FLS from the TMJ.
Source: Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Mutsumi Kawashima, Naomi Ogura, Miwa Akutsu, Ko Ito, Toshirou Kondoh Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Onychotillomania: Clinicopathologic Correlations
Abstract Onychotillomania represents an unusual dermatosis affecting the nail unit. The term refers to ‘neurotic picking at a nail until it is permanently altered’. It can be difficult for dermatologists to diagnose, as typically patients will deny the self‐destructive behavior and the clinical features may mimic other inflammatory conditions affecting the nail unit. Aside from the difficulty in establishing the diagnosis clinically, the histopathologic features of onychotillomania are non‐specific. With this limited knowledge, dermatopathologists could have difficulty correlating the clinical and histopathologic f...
Source: Journal of Cutaneous Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Jennifer M. Reese, Kristin D. Hudacek, Adam I. Rubin Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Expression of Olfactomedin 4 and Claudin‐18 in Serrated Neoplasia of the Colorectum: A Characteristic Pattern is Associated with Sessile Serrated Lesion
ConclusionsReduced expression of olfactomedin 4 and ectopic expression of claudin‐18 might be useful markers in the differential diagnosis of serrated polyps.© 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Source: Histopathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Kazuhiro Sentani, Naoya Sakamoto, Fumio Shimamoto, Katsuhiro Anami, Naohide Oue, Wataru Yasui Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Role of the faecolith in modern-day appendicitis.
CONCLUSIONS: Faecolith prevalence is too low to consider the faecolith the most common cause of non-perforated appendicitis. Faecoliths are more prevalent in paediatric appendicitis than in adult appendicitis. Preoperative CT is an unreliable predictor of faecoliths in pathology specimens. PMID: 23317728 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England - January 1, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Singh JP, Mariadason JG Tags: Ann R Coll Surg Engl Source Type: research

Identification of eight candidate target genes of the recurrent 3p12‐p14 loss in cervical cancer by integrative genomic profiling
Abstract The pathogenetic role, including its target genes, of recurrent 3p12‐p14 loss in cervical cancer has remains unclear. To determine the onset of the event during carcinogenesis, we used microarray techniques and found that the loss was the most frequent 3p event, occurring in 61% of 92 invasive carcinomas, in only 2% of 43 high‐grade intraepithelial lesions (CIN2/3), and in 33% of 6 CIN3 lesions adjacent to invasive carcinomas, suggesting a role in acquisition of invasiveness or early during the invasive phase. We performed an integrative DNA copy number and expression analysis of 77 invasive carcinomas, where ...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Malin Lando, Saskia M. Wilting, Kristin Snipstad, Trevor Clancy, Mariska Bierkens, Eva‐Katrine Aarnes, Marit Holden, Trond Stokke, Kolbein Sundfør, Ruth Holm, Gunnar B. Kristensen, Renske D.M. Steenbergen, Heidi Lyng Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Ectopic pancreas presenting with pancreatitis and a mesenteric mass
We describe a 15-year-old female with acute right upper quadrant pain and elevated serum lipase and amylase, in whom the radiological diagnosis was mesenteric soft tissue mass with adjacent inflammatory changes. The surgical pathology diagnosis, however, was mesenteric ectopic pancreas complicated by pancreatitis. We advocate for ectopic pancreatitis to be considered in a pediatric patient with acute abdominal pain, laboratory findings consistent with pancreatitis, and imaging findings of a mesenteric mass and normal orthotopic pancreas.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery - January 1, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Michael Ginsburg, Osman Ahmed, Kuntal A. Rana, Redouane Boumendjel, Abraham H. Dachman, Mario Zaritzky Tags: Journal of Pediatric Surgery Electronic Pages (Available only online at www.jpedsurg.org) Source Type: research

Primary nephrectomy and intraoperative tumor spill: Report from the Children's Oncology Group (COG) renal tumors committee
Abstract: Purpose: Initial Children's Oncology Group (COG) management for Wilms' tumor (WT) consists of primary nephroureterectomy with lymph node sampling. While this provides accurate staging to define further treatment, it may result in intraoperative spill (IOS), which is associated with higher recurrence rates and therefore requires more intensive therapy. The purpose of this study is to determine current rates and identify factors which may predispose a patient to IOS.Methods: The study population was drawn from the AREN03B2 renal tumor banking and classification study of the Children's Oncology Group. All children w...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery - January 1, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Kenneth W. Gow, Douglas C. Barnhart, Thomas E. Hamilton, Jessica J. Kandel, Mike K.S. Chen, Fernando A. Ferrer, Mitchell R. Price, Elizabeth A. Mullen, James I. Geller, Eric J. Gratias, Nancy Rosen, Geetika Khanna, Arlene Naranjo, Michael L. Ritchey, Paul Tags: APSA Papers Source Type: research

Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumors of the Cerebrum: Ten cases of a distinctive seizure‐associated lesion
We report 10 cases of a non‐neurocytic, purely neuronal tumor affecting adults. Situated in the cerebral hemispheres, with 7 of 10 confined to the temporal lobes, most presented with seizures as their principal clinical manifestations. On MRI, the tumors generally appeared solid and non‐contrast enhancing with minimal diffuse infiltration, edema, or mass effect. Six examples demonstrated internal nodularity. Microscopically, the tumor cells were largely distributed into discrete and coalescent nodules exhibiting varying degrees of matrix vacuolization, principally within the deep cortical ribbon and superficial subcort...
Source: Brain Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Jason T. Huse, Mark Edgar, John Halliday, Irina Mikolaenko, Ehud Lavi, Marc K. Rosenblum Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Outcome of resection of infratemporal fossa tumors
ConclusionTumors involving the infratemporal fossa can be resected with acceptable morbidity and long‐term survival. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Source: Head and Neck - January 1, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Babak Givi, Jeffrey Liu, Mark Bilsky, Babak Mehrara, Joseph Disa, Andrea Pusic, Peter Cordeiro, Jatin P. Shah, Dennis H. Kraus Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The XXIXth Congress of the International Academy of Pathology.
PMID: 23270893 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Wilson ML, Nelson AM Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

"Stat" multiplex polymerase chain reaction: its role in clinical microbiology.
PMID: 23270894 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Christie JD Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

The differential diagnosis and bone marrow evaluation of new-onset pancytopenia.
Abstract New-onset pancytopenia can be caused by a wide variety of etiologies, leading to a diagnostic dilemma. These etiologies range from congenital bone marrow failure to marrow space-occupying lesions, infection, and peripheral destruction, to name a few. Bone marrow examination, in addition to a detailed clinical history, is often required for an accurate diagnosis. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of many of the causes of new-onset pancytopenia in adults and children, with emphasis on bone marrow findings and recommendations of additional testing and clinical evaluation when needed, w...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Weinzierl EP, Arber DA Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Follow-up Outcomes of a Large Cohort of Low-Risk Women With Negative Imaged Liquid-Based Cytology and Negative HPV Test Results.
Abstract Recently updated cervical screening guidelines have proposed a 5-year screening interval for women aged 30 years and older with "double-negative" Papanicolaou (Pap) and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) results (DNR); however, published US follow-up data on women with DNR tested with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - approved HPV testing are limited to studies from Kaiser Permanente using conventional Pap smear cytology. Between July 2005 and June 2006, 4,112 patients with DNR who were screened with computer-imaged liquid-based cytology (LBC) (ThinPrep) and Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) hrHPV tests of ...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Zhao C, Weng B, Li Z, Yang H, Austin RM Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Diagnostic Usefulness of p16/CDKN2A FISH in Distinguishing Between Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma and Fibrous Pleuritis.
Abstract The distinction between sarcomatoid mesothelioma and fibrous pleuritis is difficult based on histology, especially when the amount of tumor tissue examined via biopsy is small and immunohistochemical examination is inconclusive. We studied the usefulness of deletion of p16 with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and p16 hypermethylation with polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis and prognosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). We analyzed 50 MPMs, including 22 sarcomatoid mesothelioma cases and 10 fibrous pleuritis cases. We set the cutoff value of homozygous deletion pattern as 14.4% ba...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Wu D, Hiroshima K, Matsumoto S, Nabeshima K, Yusa T, Ozaki D, Fujino M, Yamakawa H, Nakatani Y, Tada Y, Shimada H, Tagawa M Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Is It Necessary to Evaluate Nuclei in HER2 FISH Evaluation?
Abstract A new method that simplifies the evaluation of the traditional HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) evaluation in breast cancer was proposed. HER2 status was evaluated in digital images (DIs) captured from 423 invasive breast cancer stained sections. All centromeric/CEP17 and HER2 gene signals obtained from separated stacked DIs were manually counted on the screen. The global ratios were compared with the traditional FISH evaluation and the immunohistochemical status. The 2 FISH scores were convergent in 96.93% of cases, showing an "almost perfect" agreement with a weighted k of 0.956 (95% confid...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: López C, Tomás B, Korzynska A, Bosch R, Salvadó MT, Llobera M, Garcia-Rojo M, Alvaro T, Jaén J, Lejeune M Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Diagnostic accuracy of histopathologic and cytopathologic examination of Aspergillus species.
Abstract To assess the diagnostic accuracy of histopatho-logic and cytopathologic examination (HCE) of Aspergillus species (spp), we performed an 11-year retrospective review to correlate surgical/cytology cases with a diagnosis of Aspergillus spp with their concurrent fungal culture results. Diagnostic accuracy was defined as the percentage of cases with culture-proven Aspergillus spp divided by the number of cases diagnosed as Aspergillus spp on HCE that had growth on fungal culture. Ninety surgical/cytology cases with concurrent fungal culture were reviewed, 58 of which grew a fungal organism. Of these 58 cases,...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Shah AA, Hazen KC Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

The diagnostic utility of the minimal carcinoma triple stain in breast carcinomas.
Abstract Pathologists are expected to accurately diagnose increasingly smaller breast carcinomas. Correct classification (ie, lobular vs ductal or in situ vs invasive) directly affects subsequent management, especially when the focus is near a surgical margin or present in a needle core biopsy and is further challenging if the lesion is morphologically ambiguous. We assessed the diagnostic utility of a multiplex, trichromogen immunostain of 3 commonly employed antibodies (CK7, p63, and E-cadherin) developed in our laboratory to evaluate these small lesions. Of the 147 specimens containing minimal (defined as ≤3 m...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Ross DS, Liu YF, Pipa J, Shin SJ Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Immunofluorescence with dual microwave retrieval of paraffin-embedded sections in the assessment of human renal biopsy specimens.
Abstract Immunofluorescence of frozen tissue sections (IF-F) is a classic technique for renal immunopathologic examination. However, it has certain disadvantages, such as diffuse antigen distribution and few or even no glomeruli in the section. We developed a new technique of immunofluorescence staining using dual microwave retrieval in paraffin-embedded renal tissue sections (IF-DMP) and compared IF-DMP with IF-F in 406 renal biopsy samples. IF-DMP detected significantly more glomeruli than did IF-F (P< .001). There was no significant difference for the specificity and sensitivity in the detection of immunoglob...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Shi S, Cheng Q, Zhang P, Wang N, Zheng Y, Bai XY, Chen X Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Revisiting the topic of histochemically detectable copper in various liver diseases with special focus on venous outflow impairment.
In conclusion, rhodanine helps differentiate CBD from other conditions, including venous outflow impairment; in the absence of advanced fibrosis, rhodanine positivity strongly favors CBD. In contrast, rhodanine positivity is nonspecific in cirrhosis, but the absence of copper in that setting excludes CBD. PMID: 23270902 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Mounajjed T, Oxentenko AS, Qureshi H, Smyrk TC, Md Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

The role of s100-positive dendritic cells in the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Abstract Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells, common in inflammatory processes. We sought to investigate dendritic cell expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma and the relationship of dendritic cell density with the extent of thyroiditis and prognosis. Specimens from 69 consecutive patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma were immunohistochemically stained for the S100 protein, and the number of positive dendritic cells was counted. Cells were sparse in normal thyroid tissue and common in areas of thyroiditis and papillary carcinoma. Dendritic cell density in papillary carcinoma correlated with t...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Hilly O, Koren R, Raz R, Rath-Wolfson L, Mizrachi A, Hamzany Y, Bachar G, Shpitzer T, Md Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Rate of occult specimen provenance complications in routine clinical practice.
In this study, we evaluated a data set comprising almost 13,000 prostate biopsies that were prospectively tested for specimen provenance errors as part of routine clinical practice. The frequency of occult type 1 errors (a complete transposition between patients) and type 2 errors (contamination of the patient's tissue with 1 or more unrelated patients) was 0.26% and 0.67%, respectively; every urology practice setting and surgical pathology laboratory type with a representative sample size experienced at least 1 type 1 and 1 type 2 error during the study period. Overall, the mean frequency of SPCs across practice settings ...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Pfeifer JD, Liu J, Phd Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

The effect of dabigatran on select specialty coagulation assays.
Abstract Dabigatran etexilate is a new oral anticoagulant that functions as a direct thrombin inhibitor. An inhibitor of thrombin has the potential to interfere with essentially all clot-based coagulation assays and select chromogenic assays, whereas the drug would not be expected to interfere in antigen-based assays. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dabigatran on various specialized coagulation assays using normal plasma specimens with varying concentrations of dabigatran (the active form of dabigatran etexilate). We have demonstrated that samples containing therapeutic levels of dabigatran ...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Adcock DM, Gosselin R, Kitchen S, Dwyre DM, Md Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

The effect of filtration on residual levels of coagulation factors in plasma.
Abstract Leukoreduced blood components are commonly manufactured via filtration. There are specifications for the residual leukocyte content of any final cellular blood component but not for residual clotting factors. Leukoreduced and nonleukoreduced platelet-poor plasma products were manufactured from filtered vs unfiltered platelet-rich plasma, respectively, using platelet leukoreduction filters. The leukoreduced plasma showed lower levels of factor VIII (75% ± 16% vs 88% ± 18%, P ≤ .05), factor XI (86% ± 9% vs 96% ± 10%, P ≤ .01) and factor VII (87% ± 14% vs 98% ± 11%, P ≤ .01). No difference was see...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Alhumaidan HS, Cheves TA, Holme S, Sweeney JD, Md Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Implementation of FilmArray Respiratory Viral Panel in a Core Laboratory Improves Testing Turnaround Time and Patient Care.
Abstract The FilmArray respiratory virus panel detects 15 viral agents in respiratory specimens using polymerase chain reaction. We performed FilmArray respiratory viral testing in a core laboratory at a regional children's hospital that provides service 24 hours a day 7 days a week. The average and median turnaround time were 1.6 and 1.4 hours, respectively, in contrast to 7 and 6.5 hours documented 1 year previously at an on-site reference laboratory using a direct fluorescence assay (DFA) that detected 8 viral agents. During the study period, rhinovirus was detected in 20% and coronavirus in 6% of samples using ...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Xu M, Qin X, Astion ML, Rutledge JC, Simpson J, Jerome KR, Englund JA, Zerr DM, Migita RT, Rich S, Childs JC, Cent A, Del Beccaro MA, Md Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

AJCP Journal CME/SAM.
Authors: PMID: 23270908 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Robert e. Scully, MD (1921-2012).
PMID: 23270909 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Young RH, Mills SE, Wick MR Tags: Am J Clin Pathol Source Type: research

Depletion of deoxyribonucleotide pools is an endogenous source of DNA damage in cells undergoing oncogene-induced senescence.
Abstract In normal human cells, oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) depends on induction of DNA damage response. Oxidative stress and hyperreplication of genomic DNA have been proposed as major causes of DNA damage in OIS cells. Here, we report that down-regulation of deoxyribonucleoside pools is another endogenous source of DNA damage in normal human fibroblasts (NHFs) undergoing HRAS(G12V)-induced senescence. NHF-HRAS(G12V) cells underexpressed thymidylate synthase (TS) and ribonucleotide reductase (RR), two enzymes required for the entire de novo deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, and possessed low dNTP levels. Chr...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Mannava S, Moparthy KC, Wheeler LJ, Natarajan V, Zucker SN, Fink EE, Im M, Flanagan S, Burhans WC, Zeitouni NC, Shewach DS, Mathews CK, Nikiforov MA Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

A New Path (and Editor) for AJP.
PMID: 23260198 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Roth KA Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Human sarcomas are mosaic for telomerase-dependent and telomerase-independent telomere maintenance mechanisms: implications for telomere-based therapies.
Abstract Telomere shortening necessitates that tumor cells activate a telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM) to support immortalization. Although most tumor cells activate expression of the enzyme telomerase, some cells elongate telomeres in a telomerase-independent manner, termed alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). Previous studies have evaluated the presence of telomerase or ALT mechanisms or both in a variety of tumor types. Our studies also show that TMMs are not mutually exclusive in some tumors. In contrast, our IHC analyses of human sarcomas identified a subset of tumors with some cells containing ALT-...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Gocha AR, Nuovo G, Iwenofu OH, Groden J Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Regulation of Myofibroblast Differentiation by Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1.
Abstract Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a post-translational protein modification effected by enzymes belonging to the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) superfamily, mainly by PARP-1. The key acceptors of poly(ADP-ribose) include PARP-1 itself, histones, DNA repair proteins, and transcription factors. Because many of these factors are involved in the regulation of myofibroblast differentiation, we examined the role of PARylation on myofibroblast differentiation. Overexpression of PARP-1 with an expression plasmid activated expression of the α-SMA gene (Acta2), a marker of myofibroblast differentiation in ...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Hu B, Wu Z, Hergert P, Henke CA, Bitterman PB, Phan SH Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Derived μ-Opioid Signaling Protects against Ischemia Reperfusion Injury through PI3K Signaling.
Abstract Intestinal ischemia has a wide variety of causes, including, but not limited to, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hypotension, and chronic inflammation. In severe cases, ischemic injury can result in death. μ-Opioid receptor (MOR) signaling has previously been shown to protect against chemically induced colitis, but the cellular origin of this effect remains unknown. Herein, we evaluated the role of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-derived MOR signaling in host responses to ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury. Ileal ischemia was accomplished through obstruction of the distal branches of the superior mesenteri...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Goldsmith JR, Perez-Chanona E, Yadav PN, Whistler J, Roth B, Jobin C Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

MRI Study of Associated Shoulder Pathology in Patients With Full-thickness Subscapularis Tendon Tears.
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the associated shoulder pathology in patients with full-thickness subscapularis tendon tears using magnetic resonance imaging. Forty-seven magnetic resonance imaging studies taken between 2008 and 2009 with a diagnosis of full-thickness subscapularis tendon tears were reviewed. The size of the subscapularis tendon tear, amount of muscle volume loss, Goutallier grade, biceps tendon pathology, coracohumeral distance, and associated rotator cuff tears were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed. Patients 55 years and older vs those 54 years and younger had an average su...
Source: Orthopedics - January 1, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Li X, Fallon J, Egge N, Curry EJ, Patel K, Owens BD, Busconi BD Tags: Orthopedics Source Type: research

[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension of very preterm infants].
The objective is to evaluate the frequency of BPD-associated PH, to describe its physiopathology, its severity (morbidity and mortality), and the effectiveness of current treatments. PMID: 23266170 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Archives de Pediatrie - January 1, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Meau-Petit V, Thouvenin G, Guillemot-Lambert N, Champion V, Tillous-Borde I, Flamein F, de Saint Blanquat L, Essouri S, Guilbert J, Nathan N, Guellec I, Kout S, Epaud R, Lévy M Tags: Arch Pediatr Source Type: research

Differential regulation of HIF‐mediated pathways increases mitochondrial metabolism and ATP production in hypoxic osteoclasts.
Abstract Inappropriate osteoclast activity instigates pathological bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis. We have investigated how osteoclasts generate sufficient ATP for the energy‐intensive process of bone resorption in the hypoxic microenvironment associated with this rheumatic condition. We show that in human osteoclasts differentiated from CD14+ monocytes hypoxia (24h, 2% O2) (i) increases ATP production and mitochondrial electron transport chain activity (Alamar Blue, O2 consumption); (ii) increases glycolytic flux (glucose consumption, lactate production) and (iii) increases glutamine consumption. We demonstrate that ...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Karl J Morten, Luned Badder, Helen J Knowles Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

An immunohistochemical evaluation of the proteins Wnt1 and serine/threonine kinase glycogen synthase(GSK)‐3β in invasive breast carcinomas
ConclusionsWnt1 expression in the invasive tumor cells seems to promote differentiation and apoptosis, while being inversely related to proliferation. Therefore, this suggests its participation in the primary stages of breast carcinogenesis. The latter is further supported by the immunodetection of Wnt1 in in situ carcinomas.© 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Source: Histopathology - January 1, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Eleni Mylona, Ioannis Vamvakaris, Ioanna Giannopoulou, Irene Theohari, Christos Papadimitriou, Antonios Keramopoulos, Lydia Nakopoulou Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Panic disorder and migraine: comorbidity, mechanisms, and clinical implications.
Abstract A growing body of literature suggests that comorbid anxiety disorders are more common and more prognostically relevant among migraine sufferers than comorbid depression. Panic disorder (PD) appears to be more strongly associated with migraine than most other anxiety disorders. PD and migraine are both chronic diseases with episodic manifestations, involving significant functional impairment and shared symptoms during attacks, interictal anxiety concerning future attacks, and an absence of identifiable secondary pathology. A meta-analysis of high-quality epidemiologic study data from 1990 to 2012 indicates ...
Source: Headache - January 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Smitherman TA, Kolivas ED, Bailey JR Tags: Headache Source Type: research