Physics News 
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 12.
Use of computer vision to identify pedestrians' nonconforming behavior at urban intersections - Zaki MH, Sayed T, Ismail K, Alrukaibi F.
The detection and understanding of nonconforming behavior (violations) can be useful in forming safety diagnoses and developing safety countermeasures. Traffic violations occur when road users, including pedestrians, seek increased mobility and disregard t...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 19, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Holistic approach to airport surface safety - Wilke S, Majumdar A, Ochieng WY.
Airport surface safety is acknowledged worldwide as a key area to aviation safety. However, current methods for analyzing and mitigating surface safety occurrences are piecemeal in their approach and limited in scope and perspective. This paper emphasizes ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 19, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Evaluating safety at railway level crossings with microsimulation modeling - Tey LS, Kim I, Ferreira L.
Safety at railway level crossings (RLXs) is a worldwide issue that increasingly attracts the attention of relevant transport authorities, the rail industry, and the general public. The differences in the operation characteristics of varying types of warnin...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 19, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Estimation of safety effectiveness of composite shoulders on rural two-lane highways - Zeng H, Schrock SD.
A paved shoulder is regarded as an effective safety improvement to reduce crashes. It is believed that there is a diminishing safety benefit for each additional increment of paved shoulder over a certain width. Thus, there might be greater systemwide safet...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 19, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Estimating right-turn-on-red capacity for dual right-turn lanes at signalized intersections - Chen X, Qi Y, Li D.
Dual right-turn lanes are increasingly used as a design alternative at urban intersections, primarily to accommodate high right-turn demand. For dual right-turn lanes, an accurate estimate of right-turn-on-red (RTOR) capacity can contribute to better decis...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 19, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Analysis of causes of major train derailment and their effect on accident rates - Liu X, Saat MR, Barkan CPL.
Analysis of the causes of train accidents is critical for rational allocation of resources to reduce accident occurrence in the most cost-effective manner possible. Train derailment data from the FRA rail equipment accident database for the interval 2001 t...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 19, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Acceleration performance trends and evolving relationship between power, weight, and acceleration in U.S. light-duty vehicles - MacKenzie D, Heywood J.
The acceleration performance of light-duty vehicles has implications for the energy usage of those vehicles, for their attractiveness to consumers, and for the way in which these vehicles are driven. Despite this importance, many investigators rely on corr...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 19, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
On This Day in Science History -- December 20 -- Van de Graaff
December 20th is Robert Van de Graaff's birthday. Van de Graaff was an American physicist who invented the Van de Graaff electrostatic generator. Small Van de Graaff generators are common ...Read Full Post
Source: About.com Chemistry - December 19, 2012 Category: Chemistry Source Type: news
Science Committee Examines US Antarctic Program
Source: Science Policy News - FYI - The American Institute of Physics - December 19, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news
Physicists achieve elusive 'evaporative cooling' of molecules
Achieving a goal considered nearly impossible, physicists have chilled a gas of molecules to very low temperatures by adapting the familiar process by which a hot cup of coffee cools. Evaporative cooling has long been used to cool atoms to extraordinarily low temperatures. The process was used in 1995 to create the Bose-Einstein condensate. The latest demonstration marks the first time evaporative cooling has been achieved with molecules.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 19, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news
Physics and Engineering in a Healthcare Environment - Open Day
If you are interested in applying Physics and Engineering in a Healthcare Environment, you may benefit from our open day.
Source: Faculty of Medicine at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne - December 19, 2012 Category: Universities & Medical Training Tags: All Faculty of Medical Sciences News Source Type: news
Physics World's 2012 Book of the Year
An entertaining tale of how an oddball group of physicists revived interest in quantum fundamentals wins this year's top honour
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 18, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news
On This Day in Science History -- December 19 -- Robert Millikan and Oil Drops
December 19th marks the passing of Robert Millikan. Millikan was an American physicist best known for his famous oil drop experiment. The experiment was designed to measure the charge of ...Read Full Post
Source: About.com Chemistry - December 18, 2012 Category: Chemistry Source Type: news
Few women at top in engineering, science and tech firms, MPs told
Boardrooms of engineering firms have fewest number of women and some academic societies have one female member for every 75 menWomen working in science, technology, engineering and mathematics are more under-represented at senior levels than in any other business sector, a new report says.Boardrooms at science and engineering companies have some of the lowest proportions of women, while some top academic societies have as few female members as one for every 75 men, a study by the Royal Society of Edinburgh has found.The report was revealed to MPs on the business select committee, who are looking at how to boost women's rep...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 18, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Simon Neville Tags: The Guardian Vince Cable News Engineering Mathematics Women Technology Politics Life and style Corporate governance Business Science Source Type: news
Relationships of barge bow force-deformation for bridge design - Getter DJ, Consolazio GR.
Loads generated during vessel collisions with bridges are inherently dependent on force-deformation characteristics of the impacting vessel. Currently in the United States, barge impact forces used in bridge design are computed with a force-deformation (cr...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 18, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Random parameter model used to explain effects of built-environment characteristics on pedestrian crash frequency - Ukkusuri S, Hasan S, Aziz HMA.
Pedestrian safety has been a major concern for megacities such as New York City. Although pedestrian fatalities show a downward trend, these fatalities constitute a high percentage of overall traffic fatalities in the city. Data from New York City were use...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 18, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Multiobjective optimization of signal timings for two-stage, midblock pedestrian crosswalk - Ma W, Liu Y, Xie H, Yang X.
To improve convenience and safety for pedestrians, signalized two-stage, midblock pedestrian crosswalks are increasingly being installed in highly populated areas in developing countries such as China. This paper presents a multiobjective optimization mode...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 18, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Modeling highway safety and simulation in rainy weather - Jung S, Qin X, Noyce DA.
Research was done to examine comprehensively the safety impact of rainy weather conditions on multivehicle crash frequency and severity and to validate the impact on traffic operations through microsimulation modeling. Three primary tasks were performed to...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 18, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Impact of belt use by rear-seat occupants on injury severity of belted drivers in New Jersey - Nukenine SKL, Daniel J.
In January 2010, legislation in New Jersey required all occupants of vehicles to wear seatbelts regardless of seating positions. Although it is known that an unbelted rear-seat passenger affects the safety of the driver, the level of the impact is not clea...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 18, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Estimating potential effect of speed limits, built environment, and other factors on severity of pedestrian and cyclist injuries in crashes: - Zahabi SAH, Strauss J, Manaugh K, Miranda-Moreno LF.
Road facilities in urban areas are a major source of injury for nonmotorized road users despite the benefits of nonmotorized transportation. In particular, large Canadian cities such as Montreal face serious problems with pedestrian and cyclist safety. To ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 18, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Do advance yield markings increase safe driver behaviors at unsignalized, marked midblock crosswalks? - Gómez RA, Samuel S, Gerardino LR, Romoser MRE, Collura J, Knodler M, Fisher DL.
In the United States, 78% of pedestrian crashes occur at nonintersection crossings. As a result, unsignalized, marked midblock crosswalks are prime targets for remediation. Many of these crashes occur under sight-limited conditions in which the view of cri...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 18, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Bikeability and the 20-min neighborhood - McNeil N.
This study explored a methodology for assessing a neighborhood's bicycle accessibility or "bikeability" on the basis of its mix of infrastructure and destinations, essentially the 20-min neighborhood for bicycles. Prior approaches to assessing bikeability ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 18, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Are we closing in on dark matter?
More than 100 cosmologists, particle physicists and observational astrophysicists are now united in the hunt to determine what is dark matter. Their goal: to take stock of the latest theories and findings about dark matter, assess just how close we are to detecting it and spark cross-disciplinary discussions and collaborations aimed at resolving the dark matter puzzle. So where do things stand?
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 18, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news
Schrödinger's cat has a light touch: Quantum physics used to observe delicate systems
A new paper introduces a novel way to observe very delicate bodies based on quantum physics. Researchers in Spain have shown that groups of photons organized in certain quantum states can gently explore the properties of objects in a non-invasive way. The results overcome for the first time a limit imposed by quantum mechanics, and may permit the observation of unknown properties of ultra-sensitive objects such as individual atoms or living cells.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 18, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news
John Lewis obituary
John Lewis, who has died aged 89, used to describe himself as "a mere schoolmaster", and indeed he taught for nearly 40 years at Malvern college, the Worcestershire public school, but he also had a profound influence on the teaching of physics worldwide.He was born in Reading and educated at the Abbey school, Beckenham, then Malvern college, and Pembroke College, Cambridge, where his mathematics studies were interrupted by second world war service at the tank armament research centre at Porton Down, Wiltshire. Soon afterwards, John joined the teaching staff at Malvern and remained there until his retirement in 1983, for ma...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 18, 2012 Category: Science Tags: Obituaries guardian.co.uk Physics Teaching Education Science From the Guardian Source Type: news
King Richard III's medieval inn recreated by archaeologists
Blue Boar inn rises again in model and digital form, recreated from detailed drawings found in Leicester family's archivesThe medieval inn in Leicester where King Richard III slept before riding out to meet his fate at the battle of Bosworth has been recreated by the team of archaeologists and academics who dug up a local car park this summer searching for his bones.News of their discovery of the remains of a man with a twisted spine and a gaping war wound, in the foundations of a long demolished abbey, created ripples of excitement around the world. Results of the scientific tests on the remains have not been announced, t...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 18, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Maev Kennedy Tags: Leicester Culture News Archaeology guardian.co.uk UK news William Shakespeare Monarchy Science Source Type: news
Galaxies like fireflies, a bridge of hot gas, and a catastrophic decline in cosmic GDP – pictures
Our pick of the best space-related images from November includes a graph illustrating the terminal decline in the universe's outputEric HilaireJames Kingsland
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 18, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Eric Hilaire, James Kingsland Tags: Nasa Astronomy guardian.co.uk Physics International Space Station Editorial European Space Agency Science Source Type: news
Multimedia highlights of 2012
From the fault lines of San Francisco to the insane traffic of Mumbai
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 17, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news
On This Day in Science History -- December 18 -- J.J. Thomson
December 18th is J. J. Thomson's birthday. Thomson was a British physicist who is best known for the discovery of the electron. He was investigating the discharge of gases in ...Read Full Post
Source: About.com Chemistry - December 17, 2012 Category: Chemistry Source Type: news
Math formula gives new glimpse into the magical mind of Ramanujan
Dec. 22 marks the 125th anniversary of the birth of Srinivasa Ramanujan, an Indian mathematician renowned for intuiting extraordinary numerical patterns without the use of proofs or modern mathematical tools. A mathematician has now solved one of the greatest puzzles left behind by the enigmatic Indian genius with the development of a formula for mock modular forms that may prove useful to physicists who study black holes.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 17, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news
Science Weekly podcast: the Higgs boson, dark matter and dark energy
This week Guardian science correspondent Ian Sample meets Prof Lisa Randall, a theoretical physicist at Harvard University and author of Knocking on Heaven's Door: How Physics and Scientific Thinking Illuminate our Universe. Lisa introduces her recent eBook Higgs Discovery, which outlines the very latest thinking on particle physics and why the existence of a Higgs-like particle hints at a deeper understanding of the fundamental laws of physics, including a clearer conception of dark matter and dark energy.To get the most out of this fairly technical discussion, you might consider first listening to two previous editions o...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 17, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Ian Sample, Jason Phipps Tags: Particle physics guardian.co.uk Higgs boson Editorial Cern Science Source Type: news
Rupture of the tricuspid valve due to smashing the chest into the steering wheel - Aykut K, Kaya M, Acıkel U.
A 32-year-old man was urgently referred to our hospital with severe tricuspid insufficiency following a car accident. The completely flail anterior leaflet, due to the rupture of the papillary muscles, was revealed by a two-dimensional transthoracic echoca...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 16, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Objectively measured walkability and active transport and weight-related outcomes in adults: a systematic review - Grasser G, Van Dyck D, Titze S, Stronegger W.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate which GIS-based measures of walkability (density, land-use mix, connectivity and walkability indexes) in urban and suburban neighbourhoods are used in research and which of them are consistently associat...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 16, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
A framework to describe, analyze and generate interactive motor behaviors - Jarrassé N, Charalambous T, Burdet E.
While motor interaction between a robot and a human, or between humans, has important implications for society as well as promising applications, little research has been devoted to its investigation. In particular, it is important to understand the differ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 16, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Inside the Centre: The Life of J Robert Oppenheimer by Ray Monk – review
A life of J Robert Oppenheimer is magnificent in its retelling of a great 20th-century tragedyWhen J Robert Oppenheimer first saw the awful power of the atomic bomb, in the Trinity test at Los Alamos, New Mexico, in 1945, he was reminded of the words in the Bhagavad Gita, "Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds". Or was he? This famous anecdote actually comes from a documentary made two decades later. At the time, according to the physicist Isidor Rabi, who was there, Oppenheimer was openly triumphalist. "I'll never forget his walk," Rabi recalled. "I'll never forget the way he stepped out of the car… his walk wa...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 15, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Ben Shephard Tags: Culture Biography Reviews Books Physics The Observer Nuclear weapons FBI Source Type: news
Apollo 40 years on: how the moon missions changed the world for ever
Photographs from the Apollo missions reshaped how we see the Earth and ourselves, while the ingenuity that put men on the moon gave birth to technologies that we all use todayOn 19 December 1972, a final sonic boom above the south Pacific signalled the end of the Apollo programme, as a tiny space capsule burst back through the blue sky. On board were the last three astronauts to visit the moon on Apollo 17. Riding home with them was the precious negative of a photograph that would go on to become the most reproduced image in human history.Frame number 22725 in magazine NN was a single shot of the whole Earth – later bran...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 15, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Christopher Riley Tags: Apollo 11 Nasa Astronomy The moon Technology Features The Observer Science Space Source Type: news
Colliding Particles: Higgs | Jon Butterworth | Life & Physics
Episode 11: Includes a lovely interview with the man himself.As I say in the video, I wasn't in the room at CERN that day. This made me feel like I was. It's lovely.Higgs bosonCernParticle physicsPhysicsJon Butterworthguardian.co.uk © 2012 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 15, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Jon Butterworth Tags: Blogposts Particle physics guardian.co.uk Higgs boson Cern Science Source Type: news
Neighborhood street scale elements, sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors in inactive ethnic minority women - Lee RE, Mama SK, Adamus-Leach HJ.
BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity, excess percent body fat, high blood pressure, elevated resting heart rate and sedentary behavior have increased in recent decades due to changes in the environment and lifestyle. Neighborhood micro-...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 15, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Evaluation of head-free eye tracking as an input device for air traffic control - Alonso R, Causse M, Vachon F, Parise R, Dehais F, Terrier P.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility to integrate a free head motion eye-tracking system as input device in air traffic control (ATC) activity. Sixteen participants used an eye tracker to select targets displayed on a screen as quic...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 15, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Amateur football pitches: Mechanical properties of the natural ground and of different artificial turf infills and their biomechanical implications - Zanetti EM, Bignardi C, Franceschini G, Audenino AL.
Abstract Artificial turf is being used more and more often. It is more available than natural turf for use, requires much less maintenance and new products are able to comply with sport performance and athletes' safety. The purpose of this paper is to comp...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 15, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news
Physicists make strides in understanding quantum entanglement
While some theoretical physicists make predictions about astrophysics and the behavior of stars and galaxies, others work in the realm of the very small, which includes quantum physics. Recently, theoretical physicists have made important strides in studying a concept in quantum physics called quantum entanglement, in which electron spins are entangled with each other.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 14, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news
Extending Einstein's ideas: New kind of quantum entanglement demonstrated
Physicists have published new research which builds on the original ideas of Einstein and adds a new ingredient: a third entangled particle.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 14, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news
Congressional Critic of Administrations Mars Exploration Program Applauds Mission Announcement
Source: Science Policy News - FYI - The American Institute of Physics - December 14, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news
Physics World reveals its top 10 breakthroughs for 2012
ATLAS and CMS take top gong for Higgs-like discovery
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 14, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news
Flowing gas CO2 laser tube for physics experimentation
This flowing gas CO2 laser tube is an excellent low cost device for learning and testing physics experiments. When energized the plasma shows a blue color while the invisible laser beam exits the tube
Source: PhysicsWeb Products and Press - December 14, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news
On This Day in Science History -- December 15 -- Pauli Effect
December 14th marks the passing of Nobel Prize winning Austrian physicist Wolfgang Pauli's birthday. Pauli is best known for the Pauli Exclusion Principle which states no two electrons in an ...Read Full Post
Source: About.com Chemistry - December 14, 2012 Category: Chemistry Source Type: news
Alan Turing should be pardoned, argue Stephen Hawking and top scientists
Eleven signatories call on David Cameron to exercise his power and formally forgive the Enigma codebreakerAlan Turing, the Enigma codebreaker who was convicted of homosexuality in 1952, should receive a posthumous pardon, Professor Stephen Hawking and other leading scientists have urged.In a letter to the Daily Telegraph, Hawking, the world-renowned physicist, and 10 other signatories say David Cameron should "formally forgive" the mathematician.The letter comes after Lord Sharkey, a Liberal Democrat peer and one of the signatories, introduced a private member's bill in the Lords to grant Turing an official pardon this sum...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 13, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Damien Pearse Tags: The Guardian Alan Turing Sexuality News Stephen Hawking UK news Science Source Type: news
Mesons measure collision temperatures
Quark–gluon plasma probed at CMS
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 13, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news
The moon landings were faked (and other science confessions)
A recent Channel 5 programme about moon landing conspiracies caused much anger for portraying ludicrous anti-scientific claims as credible without any hint of critical analysis. However, it's time we admitted that the moon landings were indeed faked. And that's not the only confession we scientists need to makeYesterday, Channel 5 screened a documentary (and I use that term so loosely it essentially qualifies as a liquid) called "Did we land on the moon?", which looked at the arguments for the well-established conspiracy theory that the moon landings, that defining achievement that inspired generations and showed the true ...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 13, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Dean Burnett Tags: Blogposts guardian.co.uk Science and scepticism Space Source Type: news
Magnetic metamaterials could boost wireless energy transmission
Transformation optics concentrates magnetic energy
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 13, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news
