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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 15.

Porcupine Quills Inspire Better Needles
Porcupines sport some 30,000 quills, which easily penetrate flesh--and then stay stuck in it. Now, scientists have analyzed the shape of individual quills to discover what makes them so effective--and how we can harness their power for medical devices. The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . [Woo Kyung Cho et al., Microstructured barbs on the North American porcupine quill enable easy tissue penetration and difficult removal ] [More]
Source: Scientific American Topic - Medical Technology - December 10, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: More Science,Physics,Medical Technology,More Science,Biology,Everyday Science Source Type: news

FY 2013 Defense Authorization Bill: Critical Materials
Source: Science Policy News - FYI - The American Institute of Physics - December 10, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

Use of speed profile as surrogate measure: Effect of traffic calming devices on crosstown road safety performance - Moreno AT, García A.
Urban road safety management is usually characterized by a lack of quantity and quality of crash data and low budgets. However, fifty four percent of road crashes in Spain take place in urban areas. Moreover, ten percent of urban fatal crashes occur on cro...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Thoracolumbar spine fractures in frontal impact crashes - Pintar FA, Yoganandan N, Maiman DJ, Scarboro M, Rudd RW.
There is currently no injury assessment for thoracic or lumbar spine fractures in the motor vehicle crash standards throughout the world. Compression-related thoracolumbar fractures are occurring in frontal impacts and yet the mechanism of injury is poorly...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

The impact of pavement type and roughness on paint marking retroreflectivity - Zhang G, Hummer JE, Rasdorf W, Mastin N.
This article addresses the impact of asphalt type and roughness on paint pavement marking retroreflectivity. Marking retroreflectivity and pavement roughness data were collected on two-lane highways in North Carolina. A t test was used to analyze the data....
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

The effect of a low-speed automatic brake system estimated from real life data - Isaksson-Hellman I, Lindman M.
A substantial part of all traffic accidents involving passenger cars are rear-end collisions and most of them occur at low speed. Auto Brake is a feature that has been launched in several passenger car models during the last few years. City Safety is a tec...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Some technical aspects of spills in the transportation of petroleum materials by tankers - Ismail Z, Karim R.
This study analyzed the accident cycle in the sea transportation activities of the industry. The analysis was based on published data over the past 44 year...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Sequential biomechanics of the human upper thoracic spine and pectoral girdle - Stammen JA, Herriott R, Kang YS, Bolte J, Dupaix R.
The objective of this study is to investigate the dynamic response of the human upper thoracic region. ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Safety effectiveness of converting signalized intersections to roundabouts - Gross F, Lyon C, Persaud B, Srinivasan R.
Roundabouts may be new builds but often are conversions from existing intersections. When contemplating the later, there is a need to estimate the safety effects of conversions. Several studies have estimated large reductions in crashes and severity; howev...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Safety changes in the U.S. vehicle fleet since model year 1990, based on NASS data - Eigen AM, Digges K, Samaha RR.
Based on the National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System since the 1988-1992 model years, there has been a reduction in the MAIS 3+ injury rate and the Mean HARM for all crash modes. The largest improvement in vehicle safety has been in...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Quantification of occupational risk owing to contact with moving parts of machines - Aneziris ON, Papazoglou IA, Konstandinidou M, Baksteen H, Mud M, Damen M, Bellamy LJ, Oh J.
Working population is often exposed to risks associated with moving parts of machines. In this paper a methodology for managing occupational risk owing to contact with moving parts while working with machines is presented. The methodology is based on the p...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Propagation of variability in railway dynamic simulations: application to virtual homologation - Funfschilling C, Perrin G, Kraft S.
Railway dynamic simulations are increasingly used to predict and analyse the behaviour of the vehicle and of the track during their whole life cycle. Up to now however, no simulation has been used in the certification procedure even if the expected benefit...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Predicting rib fracture risk with whole-body finite element models: development and preliminary evaluation of a probabilistic analytical framework - Forman JL, Kent RW, Mroz K, Pipkorn B, Bostrom O, Segui-Gomez M.
This study sought to develop a strain-based probabilistic method to predict rib fracture risk with whole-body finite element (FE) models, and to describe a method to combine the results with collision exposure information to predict injury risk and potenti...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Morphologic studies of high fall injuries - Xia P, Chang HF, Yu YM, Dai GX, Li HW, Jiang QG, Yin ZY.
Objective: By studying the mode and morphologic character of high fall injuries on the scene, and exploring the injury situation of different heights, different fall ways and postures, to provide a reference for the forensic identification of high fall inj...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Injury risk functions in frontal impacts using data from crash pulse recorders - Stigson H, Kullgren A, Rosen E.
Knowledge of how crash severity influences injury risk in car crashes is essential in order to create a safe road transport system. Analyses of real-world crashes increase the ability to obtain such knowledge.The aim of this study was to present injury ris...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Influence of injury risk thresholds on the performance of an algorithm to predict crashes with serious injuries - Bahouth G, Digges K, Schulman C.
This paper presents methods to estimate crash injury risk based on crash characteristics captured by some passenger vehicles equipped with Advanced Automatic Crash Notification technology. The resulting injury risk estimates could be used within an algorit...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Impact and injury patterns in between-rails frontal crashes of vehicles with good ratings for frontal crash protection - Morgan RM, Cui C, Digges KH, Cao L, Kan CD.
This research investigated (1) what are the key attributes of the between-rail, frontal crash, (2) what are the types of object contacted, and (3) what is the type of resulting trauma. The method was to study with both weighted and in-depth case reviews of...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Homogenization of vehicle fleet frontal crash pulses from 2000-2010 - Locey CM, García-España JF, Toh A, Belwadi A, Arbogast KB, Maltese MR.
Full-scale vehicle crash tests are performed globally to assess vehicle structure and restraint system performance. The crash pulse, captured by accelerometers mounted within the occupant compartment, measures the motion of the vehicle during the impact ev...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Factors affecting ejection risk in rollover crashes - Funk JR, Cormier JM, Bain CE, Wirth JL, Bonugli EB, Watson RA.
Ejection greatly increases the risk of injury and fatality in a rollover crash. The purpose of this study was to determine the crash, vehicle, and occupant characteristics that affect the risk of ejection in rollovers. Information from real world rollover ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Evaluation of chassis control method through optimisation-based controllability region computation - Horiuchi S.
This paper proposes a new systematic evaluation approach for vehicle maneuverability based on controllability region computations. In this approach, the controllability region, defined as the set of vehicle initial states that can be transferred to a stabl...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Electric active roll control (EARC) - Mohan G, Dentzer J, Assadian F.
Active Roll Control (ARC) systems have been developed to reduce the magnitude of sprung mass-roll angle when subject to cornering forces (lateral acceleration), hence improving vehicle dynamics and passenger comfort. This paper investigated the characteris...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Effect of using GPS autosteer guidance systems on the eye-glance behavior and posture of tractor operators - Karimi D, Henry J, Mann DD.
Tractor operators are prone to neck and back discomfort and disorders. It is well known that awkward posture is a major contributor to this problem. Previous studies have investigated the prevalence of awkward posture and the resulting discomfort and disor...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Differences in thoracic injury causation patterns between seat belt restrained children and adults - Arbogast KB, Locey CM, Zonfrillo MR.
The objective of this research was to delineate age-based differences in specific thoracic injury diagnoses for seat belt restrained rear seat occupants and describe the associated injury causation in order to provide insight into how the load of the seat ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Development of a method for detecting jerks in safety critical events - Bagdadi O, Várhelyi A.
A new method for detecting jerks in safety critical events, based on the characteristics of the braking caused by the driver in time critical situations, has been developed and evaluated in a small pilot test and also applied on a naturalistic driving stud...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Development and application of a reliability-based multivariate model validation method - Zhan Z, Fu Y, Yang RJ, Peng Y.
Validation of computational models with multiple correlated functional responses requires the consideration of multivariate data correlation and uncertainty, and objective robust metrics. This paper presents a reliability based model validation method toge...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Crashworthiness optimization design of honeycomb sandwich panel based on factor screening - Hou S, Ren L, Dong D, Han X.
This paper presents a crashworthiness robust optimization design of aluminum honeycomb sandwich panel with regular hexagonal core cell based on explicit finite element analysis. First, the crashworthiness of honeycomb sandwich panel and the bare honeycomb ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Circular saw-associated fatality mimicking gunshot injury - Hejna P, Zátopková L, Safr M, Straka L.
A 61-year-old man was found dead in the yard of his house with penetrating injury of the trunk. Initial examination of the body revealed a single penetrating injury on his chest with a collar abrasion-the injury pattern that is similar to a gunshot entry w...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Can the built environment reduce health inequalities? A study of neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and walking for transport - Turrell G, Haynes M, Wilson LA, Giles-Corti B.
Residents of socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods are more likely to walk for transport than their counterparts in advantaged neighbourhoods; however, the reasons for higher rates of transport walking in poorer neighbourhoods remain unclear. We i...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Building safer robots: Safety driven control - Woodman R, Winfield AFT, Harper C, Fraser M.
In recent years there has been a concerted effort to address many of the safety issues associated with physical human-robot interaction (pHRI). However, a number of challenges remain. For personal robots, and those intended to operate in unstructured envir...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Association between reduced expression of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors and cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of traumatic brain injury due to lateral head acceleration - Gao W, Xu H, Liang M, Huang JH, He X.
Expression of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and spatial learning and memory were observed in rat model of diffuse traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to lateral head acceleration with an aim at investigating the relation between GRs expression an...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Analysis of the interactive relationship between apology and product involvement in crisis communication: an experimental study on the Toyota recall crisis - Choi J, Chung W.
This study explores the interactive relationship between apology, as a crisis-response strategy used in the current Toyota recall crisis, and product involvement in influencing the restoration of the organization's reputation and customers' future purchase...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

An In-depth Study of Abdominal Injuries Sustained by Car Occupants in Frontal Crashes - Frampton R, Lenard J, Compigne S.
The objective of this study was to provide real world in-depth analysis of the factors related to abdominal injury for belted front and r...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

An experimental study regarding the determination of seasonal heat transfer coefficient in KURT by convection conditions - Yoon C, Kwon S, Kim J, Choi H.
In high-level radioactive waste repositories, heat is generated by the radioactive decay of the waste. This can affect the safety of the repository because the surrounding environment can be changed by heat transferred through the rock. Therefore, in order...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

A finite element model of the lower limb for simulating automotive impacts - Untaroiu CD, Yue N, Shin J.
A finite element (FE) model of a vehicle occupant's lower limb was developed in this study to improve understanding of injury mechanisms during traffic crashes. The reconstructed geometry of a male volunteer close to the anthropometry of a 50th percentile ...
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - December 10, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failure Source Type: news

Turning Pull Into Push?
One physicist puts a curious twist on the interactions of charge and surface
Source: ScienceNOW - December 10, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news

Do we live in a computer simulation run by our descendants? Researchers say idea can be tested
A decade ago, a British philosopher put forth the possibility that our universe might be a computer simulation run by our descendants. Now, physicists have come up with a potential test to see if the idea holds water.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 10, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news

Comparative anatomy and extrapolation in palaeontology
Dr Dave Hone: The incredible consistency of the anatomy of some groups of organisms means some strong inferences can be made from the smallest detailsSome friends of mine have a new book out on art in palaeontology and what kinds of 'odd' behaviours and features may have been more common that are often illustrated. This has attracted some nice attention and I hope to cover this myself shortly. I've been keeping up with the coverage however, and spotted this comment under one piece (well I've extracted it from a slightly longer one). "It seems that paleontologists tend to make tremendous extrapolations from minimal informat...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 10, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Dr Dave Hone Tags: Blogposts guardian.co.uk Dinosaurs Fossils Science Source Type: news

Silicon Nitride Nanoparticles Si3N4 Nanopowder
Silicon nitride nanoparticle possesses high purity, narrow range particle size distribution, and larger specific surface area;
Source: PhysicsWeb Products and Press - December 10, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

Supersymmetry: is it really too good not to be true?
Supersymmetry is a beautiful theory that might explain dark matter – now particle physicists at Cern are putting it to the ultimate testThe origin of dark matter remains a mystery. It is thought to dominate the mass of the universe and the evidence is very hard to refute. Probably the best candidate for an explanation is an idea known as supersymmetry. Physicists like to exploit symmetry to build their theories. For example, that it does not matter if I perform an experiment today or next week (all things being equal) constitutes a statement of symmetry and, impressively enough, it leads directly to the law of energy con...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 8, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Jeff Forshaw Tags: Particle physics Features Cern The Observer Science Source Type: news

Laser pulse makes insulator conduct like a metal
Ultrafast switching could lead to faster circuits
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 7, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

FLS980 Fluorescence Spectrometer Launched
Edinburgh Photonics announces the launch of the FLS980 fluorescence spectrometer for steady state, lifetime and phosphorescence measurements.
Source: PhysicsWeb Products and Press - December 7, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

GRAIL mission peers beneath the Moon's fractured surface
Map of lunar gravity sheds light on early solar system
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 6, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

High Temperature Thermal Fuses
Above 200deg.C, conventional thermal fuses are relatively unreliable, especially if the working temperature is close to the fuse operating temperature.
Source: PhysicsWeb Products and Press - December 6, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

Precision Optical Windows for Demanding Applications
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Source: PhysicsWeb Products and Press - December 6, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

Compact Zoom Lens Offers Uniquely Close Focus
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Source: PhysicsWeb Products and Press - December 6, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

Ancient gas sheds light on universe's first billion years
Quasar light probes era when first stars switched on
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 5, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

Graphene Towers Promise "Flexi-Electronics"
It can support 50,000 times its own weight, springs back into shape after being compressed by up to 80% and has a density much lower than most comparable metal-based materials. A new superelastic, three-dimensional form of graphene can even conduct electricity, paving the way for flexible electronics, researchers say. [More]
Source: Scientific American Topic - Nanotechnology - December 4, 2012 Category: Nanotechnology Tags: Technology,More Science,Physics,Technology Source Type: news

Semiconductor funnel could boost solar cells
Band-gap engineering increases photon absorption
Source: PhysicsWeb News - December 4, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

FLIR Launch Range of Portable R&D Cameras
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Source: PhysicsWeb Products and Press - December 4, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news

id220 Free-running InGaAs/InP photon counter 950-1700 nm
The id220 near-Infrared photon counter with very low dark count rate is a cost-effective solution for applications in which asynchronous photon detection is essential.
Source: PhysicsWeb Products and Press - December 4, 2012 Category: Physics Source Type: news