Physiology This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 26.

Estimating the Risk after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Can we improve the information from the postpartum OGTT?
Abstract Risk stratification after pregnancy with GDM is based on screening with the 2h-OGTT. Actually, prediabetes and diabetes are diagnosed by impaired fasting (FPG) and 120'-post load glucose levels (120'-PLG). We hypothesized that the clinical information could be improved by including measurements at different time points from the OGTT in the medical decision-making process. 110 women with previous gestational diabetes (pGDM) and 41 controls were included 3-6 months after delivery and underwent specific metabolic assessments: 3h-OGTT, frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) with markers ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Göbl CS, Bozkurt L, Prikoszovich T, Tura A, Pacini G, Kautzky-Willer A Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

High dickkopf-1 levels in sera and leukocytes from children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency on chronic glucocorticoid treatment.
Abstract Children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) need chronic glucocorticoid (cGC) therapy to replace congenital deficit of cortisol synthesis and this therapy is the most frequent and severe form of drug-induced-osteoporosis. We found in 21-OHD patients high serum and leukocyte levels of dickkopf-1 (DKK1), a secreted antagonist of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, known to be a key regulator of bone mass. In particular, we demonstrated by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and real time PCR that monocytes, T lymphocytes and neutrophils from patients expressed high levels of DKK1, which may be related...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Brunetti G, Faienza MF, Picente L, Ventura A, Oranger A, Carbone C, Di Benedetto A, Colaianni G, Gigante M, Mori G, Gesualdo L, Colucci S, Cavallo L, Grano M Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Disruption of Claudin-18 Diminishes Ovariectomy-induced Bone Loss in Mice.
Abstract Claudin-18 (Cldn-18) is a negative regulator of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption (BR) in vivo. Since estrogen deficiency decreases bone mass in part by a RANKL-mediated increase in BR, we evaluated if estrogen regulates Cldn-18 expression in bone. We found that Cldn-18 expression was reduced in the bones of estrogen deficient mice while it was increased by estrogen treatment in osteoblasts in vitro. Cldn-18 knockout (KO) and littermate wild type (WT) mice were ovariectomized (OVX) or sham operated at 6 wks of age and the skeletal phenotype evaluated at 14 wks of age. PIXImus rev...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Kim HY, Alarcon C, Pourteymour S, Wergedal JE, Mohan S Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Chemical approaches to study metabolic networks.
Abstract One of the more provocative realizations that have come out of the genome sequencing projects is that organisms possess a large number of uncharacterized or poorly characterized enzymes. This finding belies the commonly held notion that our knowledge of cell metabolism is nearly complete, underscoring the vast landscape of unannotated metabolic and signaling networks that operate under normal physiological conditions, let alone in disease states where metabolic networks may be rewired, dysregulated, or altered to drive disease progression. Consequently, the functional annotation of enzymatic pathways repre...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Medina-Cleghorn D, Nomura DK Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research

The effect of toxic malachite green on the bacterial community in Antarctic soil and the physiology of malachite green-degrading Pseudomonas sp. MGO.
Abstract The effects of malachite green (MG) on the bacterial community in Antarctic soil were assessed. Culture-independent community analysis using 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing showed that, in the presence of MG, the relative abundance of Pseudomonas dramatically increased from 2.2 % to 36.6 % (16.6-fold), and Pseudomonas became the predominant genus. The reduction in bacterial biodiversity was demonstrated by diversity indices and rarefaction curves. MG-degrading Pseudomonas sp. MGO was isolated from Antarctic soil. MG tolerance and decolorization activity were confirmed by growth, spectrophotometric, high-per...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - January 8, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jung J, Seo H, Lee SH, Jeon CO, Park W Tags: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: research

Drought tolerance acquisition in Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.): A research on plant morphology, physiology and proteomics.
In this study we attained a multidisciplinary approach to examine the interplay among plant morphology, physiology and proteomics for understanding the mechanisms underlying the adaptive response to drought stress. The stress-related phenotype, the differential expression of putative members of the LEA family of proteins, the seed proteomic profile, and the endogenous content of free and conjugated abscisic acid (ABA and ABAGE) were analysed in two Eucalyptus globulus provenances with contrasting drought tolerance. Differences in morphology were noticeable, drought-tolerant genotypes displaying smaller seeds with higher de...
Source: Journal of Proteomics - January 8, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Valdés AE, Irar S, Majada JP, Rodríguez A, Fernández B, Pagès M Tags: J Proteomics Source Type: research

Mythmaking in medical education and medical practice.
CONCLUSIONS: These familiar myths have maintained prominent roles in medical thinking because they represent wisdom passed down from eminent sources, they teach physiology and medical skills, and they offer physicians a sense of control in the face of uncertainty. In addition to providing scientific evidence, changing physicians' practice requires acknowledging that even meticulous care cannot always avert bad outcomes. PMID: 23312964 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - January 8, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kaufman E, Lagu T, Hannon NS, Sagi J, Rothberg MB Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Corrigendum
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The last word
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: James A. J. Heathers Source Type: research

Pumped up and pregnant
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Judith Heiny Source Type: research

Intraventricular pressure gradients: the often ignored question of how and why does the ventricle suck
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Michael S. Firstenberg Source Type: research

Type I: families, planning and errors
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Gordon B. Drummond, Sarah L. Vowler Source Type: research

Only online gives the full picture
To listen to a podcast interview with Editor in Chief Paul Mcloughlin click here
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Paul McLoughlin, Emma Ward Source Type: research

Similar skeletal muscle angiogenic and mitochondrial signalling following 8 weeks of endurance exercise in mice: discontinuous versus continuous training
New Findings •What is the central question of this study?Little is known about skeletal muscle adaptation to discontinuous endurance training. Despite little research, it has been suggested that accumulating 30 min of endurance exercise daily may result in similar adaptations in the working muscle to a 30 min exercise bout. •What is the main finding and its importance?The unique finding of the present investigation was that 10 min of continuous endurance training performed three times daily results in similar adaptations of the angiogenic and mitochondrial signalling pathways to 30 min of continuous exercise. Taken to...
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Moh H. Malek, Maik Hüttemann, Icksoo Lee, Jared W. Coburn Source Type: research

Immobilization increases interleukin‐6, but not tumour necrosis factor‐α, release from the leg during exercise in humans
In conclusion, prior immobilization enhances release of IL‐6 from the leg during exercise at a moderate workload, and the release is already present in the early phase of exercise. Neither immobilization nor exercise had an effect on TNF‐α release in the working legs.
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Dace Reihmane, Andreas Vigelsø Hansen, Martin Gram, Anja Birk Kuhlman, Jesper Nørregaard, Helene Pape Pedersen, Michael Taulo Lund, Jørn Wulff Helge, Flemming Dela Source Type: research

Adrenal hormone deprivation affects macrophage catecholamine metabolism and β2‐adrenoceptor density, but not propranolol stimulation of tumour necrosis factor‐α production
New Findings • What is the central question of this study?Glucocorticoids modulate extraglandular catecholamine metabolism and adrenoceptor expression in many cell types. Catecholamines modulate the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages. It was hypothesized that adrenal hormones affect tumour necrosis factor‐α production in rat macrophages by altering the autocrine/paracrine action of catecholamines. • What is the main finding and its importance?In rat macrophages, adrenalectomy increased tyrosine hydroxylase expression, decreased monoamine oxidase‐A mRNA expression (due to the absence of adr...
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Stanislava Stanojević, Mirjana Dimitrijević, Nataša Kuštrimović, Katarina Mitić, Vesna Vujić, Gordana Leposavić Source Type: research

Of mice and men (and muscle mitochondria)
Source: Experimental Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Andrew J. Murray Source Type: research

Angiotensin II contractile effects in mouse colon: role for pre‐ and post‐junctional AT1A receptors
ConclusionIn the murine colon, local RAS may play a significant role in the control of contractile activity. Ang II positively modulates the spontaneous contractile activity via activation of post‐junctional and pre‐junctional AT1A receptors, the latter located on the enteric neurones, modulating the release of tachykinins and acetylcholine.
Source: Acta Physiologica - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: M. Mastropaolo, M. G. Zizzo, F. Mulè, R. Serio Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Atrial arrhythmogenesis in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia – is there a mechanistic link between sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak and re‐entry?
Source: Acta Physiologica - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: J. Heijman, X. H. T. Wehrens, D. Dobrev Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Serotonin in the heart: the beauty and the beast
Source: Acta Physiologica - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: A. Bogdanova Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

A matter of taste
Source: Acta Physiologica - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: P. B. Persson, A. Bondke Persson Tags: ExActa Source Type: research

Extracellular adenosine initiates rapid arteriolar vasodilation induced by a single skeletal muscle contraction in hamster cremaster muscle
ConclusionsOur data show that ADO is produced extracellularly during a single muscle contraction and that it is produced rapidly enough and in physiologically relevant concentrations to contribute to the rapid vasodilation in response to muscle contraction.© 2013 The Authors Acta Physiologica © 2013 Scandinavian Physiological Society
Source: Acta Physiologica - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Graeme A. Ross, Marika L. Mihok, Coral L. Murrant Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research

Molecular regulation of GABAergic neuron differentiation and diversity in the developing midbrain
Abstract The midbrain GABAergic neurons control several aspects of behaviour, play important roles in psychiatric disease and are targets of medical treatments as well as drugs of abuse. However, their molecular diversity and regulation of development are only beginning to be understood. In this review we briefly introduce distinct subpopulations of the midbrain GABAergic neurons and discuss knowledge on their development, including the developmental origins of midbrain GABAergic neurons as well as transcriptional regulatory mechanisms guiding their differentiation and identity. Important GABAergic neuron subpopulations ar...
Source: Acta Physiologica - January 8, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Laura S. Lahti, Kaia Achim, Juha Partanen Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Expression-based and co-localization detection of arabinogalactan protein 6 and arabinogalactan protein 11 interactors in Arabidopsis pollen and pollen tubes
Conclusions: The data presented suggest the involvement of AGP6 and AGP11 in multiple signaling pathways, in particular those involved in developmental processes such as endocytosis-mediated plasma membrane remodeling during Arabidopsis pollen development. This highlights the importance of endosomal trafficking pathways which are rapidly emerging as fundamental regulators of the wall physiology.
Source: BMC Plant Biology - Latest articles - January 8, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Mário CostaMargarida NobreJörg BeckerSimona MasieroMaria AmorimLuís PereiraSílvia Coimbra Source Type: research

TOPLESS and circadian regulation [Plant Biology]
Circadian clocks are ubiquitous molecular time-keeping mechanisms that coordinate physiology and metabolism and provide an adaptive advantage to higher plants. The central oscillator of the plant clock is composed of interlocked feedback loops that involve multiple repressive factors acting throughout the circadian cycle. PSEUDO RESPONSE REGULATORS (PRRs) comprise a five-member...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 8, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Wang, L., Kim, J., Somers, D. E. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Inner lipid-sensing antenna of the K+ channel [Physiology]
Membrane lipids modulate the function of membrane proteins. In the case of ion channels, they bias the gating equilibrium, although the underlying mechanism has remained elusive. Here we demonstrate that the N-terminal segment (M0) of the KcsA potassium channel mediates the effect of changes in the lipid milieu on channel...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 8, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Iwamoto, M., Oiki, S. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Association between inotrope treatment and 90‐day mortality in patients with septic shock
ConclusionThe use of inotrope treatment in septic shock was associated with increased 90‐day mortality without and after adjustment with propensity to receive inotrope. To differentiate between non‐observed biases of severity of septic shock and an unfavourable effect of inotropes, prospective studies are needed.
Source: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica - January 8, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: E. WILKMAN, K.‐M. KAUKONEN, V. PETTILÄ, A. KUITUNEN, M. VARPULA Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

An Arabidopsis Cell Growth Defect Factor-Related Protein, CRS, Promotes Plant Senescence by Increasing the Production of Hydrogen Peroxide
Arabidopsis thaliana Cell Growth Defect factor 1 (Cdf1) has been implicated in promotion of proapoptotic Bax-like cell death via the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we report a conserved function of a chloroplast-targeting Cdf-related gene Responsive to Senescence (CRS) using CRS overexpression and loss of function in plants as well as CRS heterologous expression in yeast. CRS expression was strongly induced in senescent leaves, suggesting its main functions during plant senescence. CRS expression in yeast mitochondria increased the ROS level and led to cell death in a manner similar to Cdf1. In whole plan...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Cui, M. H., Ok, S. H., Yoo, K. S., Jung, K. W., Yoo, S. D., Shin, J. S. Tags: Regular Papers Source Type: research

ABCG15 Encodes an ABC Transporter Protein, and is Essential for Post-Meiotic Anther and Pollen Exine Development in Rice
In flowering plants, anther and pollen development is critical for male reproductive success. The anther cuticle and pollen exine play an essential role, and in many cereals, such as rice, orbicules/ubisch bodies are also thought to be important for pollen development. The formation of the anther cuticle, exine and orbicules is associated with the biosynthesis and transport of wax, cutin and sporopollenin components. Recently, progress has been made in understanding the biosynthesis of sporopollenin and cutin components in Arabidopsis and rice, but less is known about the mechanisms by which they are transported to the sit...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Qin, P., Tu, B., Wang, Y., Deng, L., Quilichini, T. D., Li, T., Wang, H., Ma, B., Li, S. Tags: Regular Papers Source Type: research

OsDGL1, a Homolog of an Oligosaccharyltransferase Complex Subunit, is Involved in N-Glycosylation and Root Development in Rice
A leaky rice mutant was isolated from an ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized rice library based on its short root phenotype. The map-based cloning results showed that the mutant was due to a point mutation in the intron of OsDGL1 (LOC_Os07g10830), which encodes the dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit precursor. The mutation results in premature termination of protein synthesis. OsDGL1 is an ortholog of Arabidopsis DGL1, human OST48 and yeast WBP1, an essential protein subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex, which is involved in N-glycosylation in eukaryotes. The...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Qin, C., Li, Y., Gan, J., Wang, W., Zhang, H., Liu, Y., Wu, P. Tags: Regular Papers Source Type: research

The Cotyledons Produce Sufficient FT Protein to Induce Flowering: Evidence from Cotyledon Micrografting in Arabidopsis
In Arabidopsis, long-distance movement of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) protein from the leaf to the shoot apex triggers flower development. In wild-type Arabidopsis plants under long-day conditions, FT is mainly expressed in the cotyledon but is weakly expressed in the first true leaf prior to floral induction. To test the importance of the cotyledon in floral induction, we developed a cotyledon micrografting (Cot-grafting) method that, unlike other grafting methods, allows the FT protein from the graft to be transported via its native route from leaves to the shoot apex. By using Cot-grafting, we found that grafting a single wi...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Yoo, S. J., Hong, S. M., Jung, H. S., Ahn, J. H. Tags: Regular Papers Source Type: research

The K+-Dependent Asparaginase, NSE1, is Crucial for Plant Growth and Seed Production in Lotus japonicus
The physiological role of K+-dependent and K+-independent asparaginases in plants remains unclear, and the contribution from individual isoforms during development is poorly understood. We have used reverse genetics to assess the phenotypes produced by the deficiency of K+-dependent NSE1 asparaginase in the model legume Lotus japonicus. For this purpose, four different mutants were identified by TILLING and characterized, two of which affected the structure and function of the asparaginase molecule and caused asparagine accumulation. Plant growth and total seed weight of mature mutant seeds as well as the level of both leg...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Credali, A., Garcia-Calderon, M., Dam, S., Perry, J., Diaz-Quintana, A., Parniske, M., Wang, T. L., Stougaard, J., Vega, J. M., Marquez, A. J. Tags: Regular Papers Source Type: research

Blue Light-Induced Conformational Changes in a Light-Regulated Transcription Factor, Aureochrome-1
Aureochrome-1 (AUREO1) is a blue light (BL) receptor that mediates the branching response in the stramenopile alga, Vaucheria frigida. AUREO1 harbors a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain at the N-terminus and a light–oxygen–voltage-sensing (LOV) domain within the C-terminal region, and has been suggested to function as a light-regulated transcription factor. To understand the molecular mechanism of AUREO1, we have prepared three recombinant proteins: a full-length AUREO1 (FL), an N-terminal truncated construct containing bZIP and LOV (ZL) and a LOV-only (LOV) construct. The constructs showed the same absorption...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Hisatomi, O., Takeuchi, K., Zikihara, K., Ookubo, Y., Nakatani, Y., Takahashi, F., Tokutomi, S., Kataoka, H. Tags: Special Focus Issue - Regular Papers Source Type: research

Both Phototropin 1 and 2 Localize on the Chloroplast Outer Membrane with Distinct Localization Activity
In this study, we examined the relationship of the phot2 localization pattern to the chloroplast photorelocation movement. First, the fusion of a nuclear localization signal with phot2, which effectively reduced the amount of phot2 in the cytoplasm, retained the activity for both the accumulation and avoidance responses, indicating that membrane-localized phot2 but not cytoplasmic phot2 is functional to mediate the responses. Importantly, some fractions of phot2, and of phot1 to a lesser extent, were localized on the chloroplast outer membrane. Moreover, the deletion of the C-terminal region of phot2, which was previously ...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Kong, S.-G., Suetsugu, N., Kikuchi, S., Nakai, M., Nagatani, A., Wada, M. Tags: Special Focus Issue - Regular Papers Source Type: research

Antagonistic Regulation of Leaf Flattening by Phytochrome B and Phototropin in Arabidopsis thaliana
We examined the downstream components of phyB and phototropin to assess their antagonistic regulation of leaf flatness further. Consequently, we found that a phototropin signaling transducer, NON-PHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL 3 (NPH3), was required to promote leaf flattening in phyB. The present study provides new insights into a mechanism in which leaf flatness is regulated in response to different light environmental cues.
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Kozuka, T., Suetsugu, N., Wada, M., Nagatani, A. Tags: Special Focus Issue - Regular Papers Source Type: research

A C-Terminal Membrane Association Domain of Phototropin 2 is Necessary for Chloroplast Movement
Phototropins (phot1 and phot2), plant-specific blue light receptor kinases, mediate a range of physiological responses in Arabidopsis, including phototropism, chloroplast photorelocation movement, stomatal opening and leaf flattening. Phototropins consist of two photoreceptive domains at their N-terminus, LOV1 (light, oxygen or voltage 1) and LOV2, and a serine/threonine kinase domain at their C-terminus. Here, we determined the molecular moiety for the membrane association of phototropins using the yeast CytoTrap and Arabidopsis protoplast systems. We then examined the physiological significance of the membrane associatio...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Kong, S.-G., Kagawa, T., Wada, M., Nagatani, A. Tags: Special Focus Issue - Regular Papers Source Type: research

Investigations on the Photoregulation of Chloroplast Movement and Leaf Positioning in Arabidopsis
We recently investigated the roles of the phototropin 1 (PHOT1) LOV (light, oxygen or voltage) domains in mediating phototropic curvature in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings expressing either wild-type PHOT1 or PHOT1 with one or both LOV domains inactivated by a single amino acid replacement. We have now investigated the role of the PHOT1 LOV domains in chloroplast movement and in leaf positioning in response to blue light. Low fluence rate blue light is known to mediate a chloroplast accumulation response and high fluence rate blue light an avoidance response in Arabidopsis leaves. As was the case for phototropism, LOV2 o...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Han, I.-S., Cho, H.-Y., Moni, A., Lee, A.-Y., Briggs, W. R. Tags: Special Focus Issue - Regular Papers Source Type: research

Role of RPT2 in Leaf Positioning and Flattening and a Possible Inhibition of phot2 Signaling by phot1
We investigated the roles of the blue light receptors phototropins (phot1 and phot2) and ROOT PHOTOTROPISM 2 (RPT2) in leaf positioning and flattening, and plant growth under weak, moderate and strong white light (10, 25 and 70 µmol m–2 s–1). RPT2 mediated leaf positioning and flattening, and enhanced plant growth in a phot1-dependent manner. Under weak light, phot1 alone controls these responses. Under moderate and strong light, both phot1 and phot2 affect the responses. These results indicate that plants utilize a wide range of light intensities through phot1 and phot2 to optimize plant growth. The rpt2...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Harada, A., Takemiya, A., Inoue, S.-i., Sakai, T., Shimazaki, K.-i. Tags: Special Focus Issue - Regular Papers Source Type: research

Identification of a Regulatory Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 1 Which Mediates Blue Light Signaling for Stomatal Opening
Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is a eukaryotic serine/threonine protein phosphatase comprised of a catalytic subunit (PP1c) and a regulatory subunit that modulates catalytic activity, subcellular localization and substrate specificity. PP1c positively regulates stomatal opening through blue light signaling between phototropins and the plasma membrane H+-ATPase in guard cells. However, the regulatory subunit functioning in this process is unknown. We identified Arabidopsis PRSL1 (PP1 regulatory subunit2-like protein1) as a regulatory subunit of PP1c. Tautomycin, a selective inhibitor of PP1c, inhibited blue light responses of ...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Takemiya, A., Yamauchi, S., Yano, T., Ariyoshi, C., Shimazaki, K.-i. Tags: Special Focus Issue - Regular Papers Source Type: research

Evolution of Three LOV Blue Light Receptor Families in Green Plants and Photosynthetic Stramenopiles: Phototropin, ZTL/FKF1/LKP2 and Aureochrome
Many organisms, including bacteria, fungi, animal, plants and algae, utilize blue light to adapt to a fluctuating light environment. Plants and algae, and photosynthetic stramenopiles in particular, require light energy for photosynthesis and have thus evolved a range of sophisticated light-sensing systems to utilize light information efficiently for growth, development and physiological responses. LOV (light, oxygen or voltage) domain photoreceptors are widely distributed among prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, and the number of specific LOV photoreceptors are increased in certain taxa. In this review, we summarize th...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Suetsugu, N., Wada, M. Tags: Special Focus Issue - Review Source Type: research

In This Issue...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Diverse Responses to Blue Light via LOV Photoreceptors
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Shimazaki, K.-i., Tokutomi, S. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Dietary xenosterols lead to infertility and loss of abdominal adipose tissue in sterolin-deficient mice [Research Articles]
The investigation of the human disease sitosterolemia (MIM 210250) has shed light not only on the pathways by which dietary sterols may traffic but also on how the mammalian body rids itself of cholesterol and defends against xenosterols. Two genes, ABCG5 and ABCG8, located at the sitosterolemia locus, each encodes a membrane-bound ABC half-transporter and constitutes a functional unit whose activity has now been shown to account for biliary and intestinal sterol excretion. Knockout mice deficient in Abcg5 or Abcg8 recapitulate many of the phenotypic features of sitosterolemia. During the course of our studies to character...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - January 8, 2013 Category: Lipidology Authors: Solca, C., Tint, G. S., Patel, S. B. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Two‐ and Three‐Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography: Clinical Applications and Future Directions
Two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D STE) is a novel technique of cardiac imaging for quantifying complex cardiac motion based on frame‐to‐frame tracking of ultrasonic speckles in gray scale 2D images. Two‐dimensional STE is a relatively angle independent technology that can measure global and regional strain, strain rate, displacement, and velocity in longitudinal, radial, and circumferential directions. It can also quantify rotational movements such as rotation, twist, and torsion of the myocardium. Two‐dimensional STE has been validated against hemodynamics, tissue Doppler, tagged magnetic res...
Source: Echocardiography - January 8, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Monodeep Biswas, Selvin Sudhakar, Navin C. Nanda, Gerald Buckberg, Manish Pradhan, Asad Ullah Roomi, Willem Gorissen, Helene Houle Tags: RESEARCH FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM Source Type: research

3 Shortcuts to Better New Year's Resolutions
Nearly half of Americans make New Year's Resolutions. But 92% of them fail. Here's how to be the other 8%.read more
Source: Psychology Today Food and Diet Center - January 7, 2013 Category: Nutrition Authors: Erinn Bucklan Tags: Diet aerobic exercise aerobic workouts cornell university study crash courses dieters dinner with friends fat blocking drug journal of applied physiology journal of clinical psychology New Year ' orlistat positive outlook resis Source Type: news

Exciting changes for JOE and JME
The Society for Endocrinology owns two journals that primarily focus on the publication of basic science, the Journal of Endocrinology (JOE) and the Journal of Molecular Endocrinology (JME). We want to ensure that we are supporting our members and our authors by offering clear choices to those who submit papers to basic science journals. As such, we are diverging the scope of our journals to ensure they each have a specific focus, together covering the entirety of basic endocrinology. As a result of this, the Editorial Boards of JOE and JME have been combined. Both journals are now under the Editorship of Professor Adrian ...
Source: Society for Endocrinology - January 7, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: news

Role Of Plasmalemma Vesicle Associated Protein (Plvap/PV1) Critical To Formation Of The Diaphragms In Endothelial Cells
Dartmouth scientists have demonstrated the importance of the gene Plvap and the structures it forms in mammalian physiology in a study published in December by the journal Developmental Cell. "The knowledge generated and the animal models created will allow a better understanding of the role of the gene in diseases and will help validate its usefulness as a therapeutic or diagnostic target," said lead author Radu V. Stan, MD, associate professor, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, and member of the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Norris Cotton Cancer Center (NCCC)...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 7, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Genetics Source Type: news

3D engineered cardiac tissue models of human heart disease: Learning more from our mice
Abstract: Mouse engineered cardiac tissue constructs (mECTs) are a new tool available to study human forms of genetic heart disease within the laboratory. The cultured strips of cardiac cells generate physiologic calcium transients and twitch force, and respond to electrical pacing and adrenergic stimulation. The mECT can be made using cells from existing mouse models of cardiac disease, providing a robust readout of contractile performance and allowing a rapid assessment of genotype–phenotype correlations and responses to therapies. mECT represents an efficient and economical extension to the existing tools for studying...
Source: Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 7, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: J. Carter Ralphe, Willem J. de Lange Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Short-term exercise training enhances functional sympatholysis through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.
Abstract We tested the hypothesis that short-term mild- (M) and heavy-intensity (H) exercise training (ET) would enhance sympatholysis through a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanism. Sprague-dawley rats (n=36) were randomly assigned to a sedentary (S), or M (20m·min(-1) 5% grade) or H (40m·min(-1) 5% grade) intensity exercise trained groups. Rats assigned to M and H groups trained 5d·week(-1) for 4 weeks with the volume of training matched between groups. Rats were anesthetised and instrumented for stimulation of the lumbar sympathetic chain and the measurement of arterial blood pressure and femoral artery bloo...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - January 7, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Jendzjowsky NG, Delorey DS Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research