Psychology
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 3.
Effect of photographic negation on face expression aftereffects.
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Our visual representation of facial expression is examined in this study: is this representation built from edge information, or does it incorporate surface-based information? To answer this question, photographic negation of grey-scale images is used. Negation preserves edge information whilst disrupting the surface-based information. In two experiments visual aftereffects produced by prolonged viewing of images of facial expressions were measured. This adaptation-based technique allows a behavioural assessment of the characteristics encoded by the neural systems underlying our representation of facial expression. The...
Source: Perception - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Benton CP Tags: Perception Source Type: journals
Trumping eyes. Part 2.Email this article to a colleague.
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PMID: 19911624 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Perception - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gregory R, Heard P Tags: Perception Source Type: journals
Two Clues That Shout It's OverEmail this article to a colleague.
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When it comes to relationships, the question I am most often asked is, “how do I know my relationship is okay, that he’s still into me?” To which I answer, there are two well kept secrets to knowing how others feel about us, one we see with the hands, the other, less well known, with the belly. In “The Ten Must Know Body Language Secrets of Dating,” I talk about how little behaviors can give us valuable insight. Here are two examples that accurately reveal when a relationship is good or in trouble.
The hands and fingers are very powerful transmitters of our emotional state. Remember that great scene i...
Source: Psychology Today Relationships Center - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Joe Navarro, M.A. Tags: Relationships blood flow body language secrets care cascade Chemicals comfort dating demi moore denial dilation discomfort distancing emotional state envelopes foreheads ghost hands and fingers insight limbi love Source Type: consumer
Multinomial processing tree models: A review of the literature.Email this article to a colleague.
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Multinomial processing tree (MPT) models have become popular in cognitive psychology in the past two decades. In contrast to general-purpose data analysis techniques, such as log-linear models or other generalized linear models, MPT models are substantively motivated stochastic models for categorical data. They are best described as tools (a) for measuring the cognitive processes that underlie human behavior in various tasks and (b) for testing the psychological assumptions on which these models are based. The present article provides a review of MPT models and their applications in psychology, focusing on recent trends an...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Erdfelder, Edgar; Auer, Tina-Sarah; Hilbig, Benjamin E.; Aßfalg, André; Moshagen, Morten; Nadarevic, Lena Source Type: journals
Modeling guessing: The influence of multinomial models on the evolution of process-dissociation theory.Email this article to a colleague.
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Multinomial processing-tree modeling has had a major impact on process-dissociation theory. Buchner, Erdfelder, and Vaterrodt-Plünnecke (1995) added guessing parameters to the original model of Jacoby (1991) and created a class of process-dissociation models. Furthermore, Erfelder and Buchner (1998) formulated criterion values of the dual-process signal-detection model (Yonelinas, 1994) as multinomial parameters. Buchner, Erdfelder, Steffens, and Martensen (1997) suggested a new approach by proposing a multinomial source-monitoring model for process-dissociation data. Two experiments described here demonstrated that dual-...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Bellezza, Francis S. Source Type: journals
Semantically clustered words are stored with integrated context: Validating a measurement model for source memory, storage, and retrieval in free recall.Email this article to a colleague.
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Source memory (i.e., memory for context) has been studied with recognition tasks almost exclusively. However, encoding context affects recall stronger than recognition, presumably because of more complex retrieval strategies in the former task. An extension of Batchelder and Riefer (1980) pair-clustering model is proposed which is intended to measure the storage and retrieval of clusterable word pairs as well as the memory for the sources in which these were presented. In two experiments, the construct validity of the central model parameters is demonstrated. Furthermore, there was a strong stochastic dependency between re...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Bröder, Arndt Source Type: journals
Multinomial processing tree models for discrete choice.Email this article to a colleague.
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This paper shows how to develop new multinomial processing tree (MPT) models for discrete choice, and in particular binary choice. First it reviews the history of discrete choice with special attention to Duncan Luce’s book Individual Choice Behavior. Luce’s choice axiom leads to the Bradley-Terry-Luce (BTL) paired-comparison model which is the basis of logit models of discrete choice used throughout the social and behavioral sciences. It is shown that a reparameterization of the BTL model is represented by choice probabilities generated from a finite state Markov chain, and this representation is closely related to th...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Batchelder, William H.; Hu, Xiangen; Smith, Jared B. Source Type: journals
Dual and single route models for beginning readers: A comparison by means of multinomial processing tree models.Email this article to a colleague.
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There has been a lot of attention for the idea that the reading of a single word (visual word recognition) involves a single mechanism only. This mechanism first maps the orthographic input onto a sublexical phonological code via which, in a second step, the lexicon is accessed. This mechanism is called a single route phonological model, and it should be contrasted with a dual route model, which also assumes an orthographic route. This orthographic route maps the orthographic input onto a lexical orthographic code without phonological recoding. In this paper, both the single route phonological and the dual route models wer...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Maris, Eric; de Graaff Stoffers, Rinske Source Type: journals
Variations of doctoral training programs in clinical health psychology: Lessons learned at the box office.Email this article to a colleague.
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Using the metaphor of viewing a movie premiere, characteristics of doctoral programs in clinical health psychology are outlined. Common elements of training include: uniform training competencies, graduated sequence of training, emphasis upon broad and general training, reliance on the biopsychosocial model, and integration of scientific and practical competencies. Exclusive programs, in which all students are being trained in one area of concentration, are differentiated from programs embedded within general training in clinical or counseling psychology. Elucidation of these program characteristics assists prospective stu...
Source: Training and Education in Professional Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Larkin, Kevin T. Source Type: journals
Life-long competency development in clinical health psychology.Email this article to a colleague.
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A model for defining competencies in clinical health psychology has recently been proposed (France et al., 2008), focusing on the core foundational and functional competency domains outlined by the Cube Model (Rodolfa, Bent, Eisman, Nelson, Rehm, & Richie, 2005). The model characterizes competencies expected of graduates of doctoral training programs with emerging interests and expertise in clinical health psychology. The current paper extends the model by specifically considering the third dimension of the cube model, namely the developmental perspective, with an emphasis beyond the parameters of doctoral training to the ...
Source: Training and Education in Professional Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kerns, Robert D.; Berry, Sharon; Frantsve, Lisa Maria E.; Linton, John C. Source Type: journals
A brief feedback intervention for diagnostic overshadowing.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study tested whether two types of instruction and brief feedback interventions reduced the likelihood of DO. Specifically, content-based feedback and principle-based feedback significantly reduced the likelihood of DO among doctoral students in clinical and counseling psychology (N = 220). An intervention effect was found when the training task and the target task were highly similar. Recommendations for improving diagnostic decision-making among trainees in professional psychology are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Training and Education in Professional Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wood, David S.; Tracey, Terence J. G. Source Type: journals
Teaching evidence-based interventions: Perceptions of influences on use in professional practice in school psychology.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study examined perceptions of school psychologists regarding their use of evidence-based interventions in school settings after completing a graduate course in school-based psychosocial interventions. Ninety-four individuals who completed the course during the 10 years prior to the study were asked to complete a survey that focused on personal and organizational factors affecting the implementation of evidence-based interventions through assessment of (a) the extent of their use of interventions in professional school psychology practice, (b) perceptions of facilitators to implementation, and (c) perceptions of barrie...
Source: Training and Education in Professional Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Forman, Susan G.; Fagley, N. S.; Steiner, Denise Dreitlein; Schneider, Kenneth Source Type: journals
Reading in graduate school: A survey of doctoral students in clinical psychology.Email this article to a colleague.
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To what extent do graduate students in clinical psychology complete assigned readings? A total of 744 graduate students in American Psychological Association-accredited doctoral programs completed an online survey regarding reading in graduate school (67% response rate, of those viewing the survey). The reported amount of assigned reading varied widely, with an average of 330 pages per week. Compliance ratings suggested that about half the assigned reading is completed thoroughly and that thorough reading is more common than skimming or not reading assigned material. Motivating and hindering factors for reading are reporte...
Source: Training and Education in Professional Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: McMinn, Mark R.; Tabor, Anna; Trihub, Bobby L.; Taylor, Laura; Dominguez, Amy W. Source Type: journals
“Impairment” and performance issues in clinical supervision: After the 2008 ADA Amendments Act.Email this article to a colleague.
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This article briefly describes the historical use of the term impairment, discusses the legal risks associated with the misapplication of the construct, and presents best practices in clinical supervision when addressing supervisee performance within the legal constraints of the ADA. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Training and Education in Professional Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Falender, Carol A.; Collins, Christopher J.; Shafranske, Edward P. Source Type: journals
Do mastery approach goals and research outcome expectations mediate the relationship between the research training environment and research interest? Test of a social cognitive model.Email this article to a colleague.
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The conduct of research is inherently an achievement-oriented process, yet little research has examined the role of achievement motives relative to important research-relevant outcomes. The present study examined the role of mastery approach goals as potential mediators of the relations between the research training environment (RTE) on one hand, and research outcome expectations and research interest on the other. Participants consisted of 217 doctoral students in counseling psychology. Structural equation modeling with maximum likelihood estimation was used to test the mediational hypotheses. Results of ?² difference te...
Source: Training and Education in Professional Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Deemer, Eric D.; Martens, Matthew P.; Haase, Richard F.; Jome, LaRae M. Source Type: journals
New directions in multinomial modeling.Email this article to a colleague.
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This special issue provides an overview of recent developments in the specification and use of multinomial processing tree (MPT) models in experimental psychology. MPT models are versatile instruments for the analysis of discrete data, and they have become increasingly popular especially among cognitive psychologists. Formally, MPT models can be regarded as a specific family of models in the more general class of parameterized multinomial or product-multinomial models. This issue provides an introduction to and overview of the family of MPT models, and it presents new applications in the field of MPT modeling. Beyond their...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stahl, Christoph; Meiser, Thorsten Source Type: journals
Enhancing preparation among entry-level clinical health psychologists: Recommendations for “best practices” from the first meeting of the Council of Clinical Health Psychology Training Programs (CCHPTP).Email this article to a colleague.
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Recent discussions in clinical health psychology regarding foundational (knowledge-based) and functional (applied) competencies have been guided by the cube model of core competencies (Rodolfa et al., 2005). Proposed competencies for doctoral-level clinical health psychologists were recently published (France et al., 2008). Based on the 2008 Council of Clinical Health Psychology Training Programs conference, we discuss how the proposed competencies might be incorporated into doctoral-level training. Because we view these competencies and training practices to be aspirational, we also address the challenges inherent in maki...
Source: Training and Education in Professional Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Masters, Kevin S.; France, Christopher R.; Thorn, Beverly E. Source Type: journals
Effect of heart rate variability on defensive reaction and eating disorder symptomatology in chocolate cravers.Email this article to a colleague.
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The study examines the effect of heart rate variability (HRV) on the cardiac defence response (CDR) and eating disorder symptomatology in chocolate cravers. Female chocolate cravers (n = 36) and noncravers (n = 36) underwent a psychophysiological test to assess their HRV during a 5-min rest period, followed by three trials to explore the CDR, elicited by an intense white noise, during the viewing of chocolate, neutral, and unpleasant pictures. After the test, participants completed a questionnaire to measure eating disorder symptomatology. The HRV was inversely related to the magnitude of the CDR and to eating disorder sym...
Source: Journal of Psychophysiology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz, Sonia; Ruiz-Padial, Elisabeth; Vera, Nieves; Fernández, Carmen; Anllo-Vento, Lourdes; Vila, Jaime Source Type: journals
Reduction in pain sensitivity from pharmacological elevation of blood pressure in persons with chronically low blood pressure.Email this article to a colleague.
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Recent studies have revealed evidence for increased pain sensitivity in individuals with chronically low blood pressure. The present trial explored whether pain sensitivity can be reduced by pharmacological elevation of blood pressure. Effects of the sympathomimetic midodrine on threshold and tolerance to heat pain were examined in 52 hypotensive persons (mean blood pressure 96/61 mmHg) based on a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design. Heat stimuli were applied to the forearm via a contact thermode. Confounding of drug effects on pain perception with changes in skin temperature, temperature sensitivity, and m...
Source: Journal of Psychophysiology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Duschek, Stefan; Heiss, Heike; Buechner, Boriana; Schandry, Rainer Source Type: journals
Error monitoring in college students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Email this article to a colleague.
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Recent error-related event-related potential (ERP) studies suggest that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display deficits in error monitoring compared to control children. Information regarding error monitoring deficit in adults with ADHD, however, is scarce. We investigated error monitoring in a sample of college students with ADHD and compared them to their control peers. In addition to error (-related) negativity (Ne/ERN) and error positivity (Pe), we examined behavioral performance such as reaction time (RT) as well as self-reported monitoring behaviors in daily-life situations. Thirty-two ...
Source: Journal of Psychophysiology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Chang, Wen-Pin; Davies, Patricia L.; Gavin, William J Source Type: journals
Functional locus of intensity effects in choice reaction time tasks.Email this article to a colleague.
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Long reaction times (RT) paradoxically occur with extremely loud auditory stimuli (Van der Molen & Keuss, 1979, 1981) or with ultrabright and large visual stimuli (Jaskowski & Wlodarczyk, 2006) when the task requires a response choice. Van der Molen and Keuss (1981) hypothesized that this effect results from an arousal-driven elongation of response-selection processes. We tested this hypothesis using visual stimuli and chronopsychophysiological markers. The results showed that the latency of both early (P1 recorded at Oz) and late (P300) evoked potentials decreased monotonically with intensity. In contrast, the latency of ...
Source: Journal of Psychophysiology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jaskowski, Piotr; Szumska, Izabela; Sasin, Edyta Source Type: journals
The relationship between frontal brain asymmetry and exercise addiction.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study explores the hypothesized relationship between exercise addiction and the level of baseline frontal activity asymmetry, as measured by EEG. Regularly active women (n = 28, M age = 32.43, SD = 10.89) were recruited to participate in the study. Exercise addiction status was determined by the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) (Terry, Szabo, & Griffiths, 2004). After completing the EAI, each participant took part in an EEG session consisting of eight 1-min resting trials, four with eyes open, and four with eyes closed, presented in counterbalanced order. Electrodes were applied to the left and right frontal sites (...
Source: Journal of Psychophysiology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gapin, Jennifer; Etnier, Jennifer L.; Tucker, Denise Source Type: journals
The relationship between spectral changes in heart rate variability and fatigue.Email this article to a colleague.
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The objective of this study was to determine the association between fatigue and heart rate variability (HRV). HRV is regarded as an indicator of the autonomic regulation activity of heart rate, specifically sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Spectral changes in low-frequency (LF; 0.04–0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (HF; 0.15–0.4 Hz) components of HRV have been reported to be associated with distressing conditions such as hemorrhagic shock, acute myocardial infarction, elevated anxiety, and depressed mood. While HRV changes have been found in persons with chronic fatigue syndrome, its association with fatigue in he...
Source: Journal of Psychophysiology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tran, Yvonne; Wijesuriya, Nirupama; Tarvainen, Mika; Karjalainen, Pasi; Craig, Ashley Source Type: journals
Work pressure, workplace social resources, and work–family conflict: The tale of two sectors.Email this article to a colleague.
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Although research has extensively examined work–family issues in the private sector, little is known about sector-related differences. Here, we used data from the 2002 National Study of the Changing Workforce and multiple-group structural equation modeling to compare the levels and mechanisms through which work pressure and 3 workplace social resources (i.e., work–family culture, supervisor support, and coworker support) are related to work–family conflict in the public and private sectors. First, work–family culture affected work–family conflict directly in the private sector and indirectly, through reduced work...
Source: International Journal of Stress Management - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dolcos, Sanda M.; Daley, Dennis Source Type: journals
Teachers’ stressors and strains: A longitudinal study of their relationships.Email this article to a colleague.
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The authors tested the hypothesized unidirectional or bidirectional effects of 5 types of teachers’ work-related stressors on each of the 4 types of psychological strain: somatic complaints, burnout, and intrinsic and extrinsic job dissatisfaction. The authors used structural regression analyses to analyze the responses of a representative sample of 404 high school teachers who had completed both our T1 (beginning of school year) and T2 (end of school year) questionnaires. The authors found support for the expected unidirectional effects of the T1 work-related stressors on the respondents’ T2 somatic complaints (with b...
Source: International Journal of Stress Management - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Shirom, Arie; Oliver, Amalya; Stein, Esther Source Type: journals
Sex differences in coping styles and implications for depressed mood.Email this article to a colleague.
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Based on a sample of young adults in Miami-Dade County, Florida, this paper examined the extent to which there were sex differences in 3 coping style types: problem focused, emotion focused, and avoidance focused (Endler & Parker, 1990). Further examined were the extent to which sex differences in coping styles could be explained by sex differences in chronic strain; the extent to which sex differences in depressed mood could be explained by sex differences in coping style; and whether the effects of different coping style types on depressed mood varied by sex. Results suggested somewhat complex relationships among sex, co...
Source: International Journal of Stress Management - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Howerton, Amanda; Van Gundy, Karen Source Type: journals
Hurricane Katrina’s impact on the Mississippi Gulf Coast: General self-efficacy’s relationship to PTSD prevalence and severity.Email this article to a colleague.
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Hurricane Katrina survivors (N = 399) on the Mississippi Gulf Coast were surveyed to examine the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and general self-efficacy. As hypothesized, general self-efficacy was found to be inversely correlated with PTSD severity and prevalence, women reported greater PTSD severity and lower general self-efficacy, as compared with men, and hurricane impact was found to be positively correlated with PTSD severity and prevalence. Age was not significantly associated with general self-efficacy, PTSD severity, or PTSD prevalence, and sex was not found to be significantly related t...
Source: Psychological Services - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hirschel, Michael J.; Schulenberg, Stefan E. Source Type: journals
Health care reform is coming.Email this article to a colleague.
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During my career in Congress, we have achieved some success in expanding health insurance coverage and keeping services affordable, but the problem of 46 million uninsured and 25 million underinsured must be addressed. In February 2009, I introduced the Healthy Americans Act (S. 391/H.R. 1321; Wyden, 2009), a comprehensive bipartisan health care reform bill that covers all Americans without breaking the bank, by weaving together the Democratic idea that we need to give every single person in the country health care coverage and the Republican belief in a private-market approach. This bill would favorably affect providers i...
Source: Psychological Services - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wyden, Ron Source Type: journals
Workaholism among medical residents: It is the combination of working excessively and compulsively that counts.Email this article to a colleague.
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Workaholism is defined as an irresistible inner drive to work excessively. Accordingly, it is assessed with a questionnaire that measures working excessively (WE) and working compulsively (WC), representing the behavioral and cognitive aspects of workaholism, respectively. A cluster-analysis using a nationwide sample of Dutch medical residents (N = 2,115) resulted in 4 groups: (a) workaholics, (b) nonworkaholics, (c) hardworking residents, and (d) compulsive working residents. As predicted, the combination of WE and WC was related to the most unfavorable conditions in terms of resident’s job demands (i.e., work overload,...
Source: International Journal of Stress Management - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Schaufeli, Wilmar B.; Bakker, Arnold B.; van der Heijden, Frank M. M. A.; Prins, Jelle T. Source Type: journals
Personal resources and political uprooting: The Israeli experience.Email this article to a colleague.
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The authors assessed distress in Israeli society before and after Israel’s disengagement from Gaza and the northern West Bank during the summer of 2005. Random samples of 701 Israelis residing in various parts of Israel (Study 1) and 246 Israelis residing in Gaza and the northern West Bank who were to be uprooted (Study 2) were interviewed by telephone several weeks before the disengagement (T1), with 462 and 124 of these respondents, respectively, reinterviewed several weeks after the disengagement (T2). Anxiety related to the national and security situation was lower at T2 than at T1 in both studies. A personal resourc...
Source: International Journal of Stress Management - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ben-Zur, Hasida; Gilbar, Ora Source Type: journals
The role of physical health functioning, mental health, and sociodemographic factors in determining the intensity of mental health care use among primary care medical patients.Email this article to a colleague.
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The present study examined sociodemographic and attitudinal predisposing factors (gender, age, marital status, health insurance, household income, attitudes about mental health care), and need/illness variables (depression severity, physical and mental health functional status) as predictors of past-year mental health care use intensity (i.e., visit counts) and use/nonuse. The sample included 283 adult primary care patients from the Midwestern United States in a cross-sectional study. Nonlinear regression models demonstrated that past-year treatment use intensity was significantly associated with both married status and po...
Source: Psychological Services - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lindsay Nour, Brenda M.; Elhai, Jon D.; Ford, Julian D.; Frueh, B. Christopher Source Type: journals
The public health approach to youth violence and child maltreatment prevention at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Email this article to a colleague.
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Millions of people in the United States suffer the consequences of violence, including physical injuries, psychological trauma, and death. Solutions to violence have traditionally been reactive. Through the lens of the public health perspective, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) views violence as predictable based on various contributing factors, and thus as preventable. Within CDC, the Division of Violence Prevention (DVP) leads efforts to prevent injury, death, and disability, and to reduce the suffering and medical costs caused by violence. DVP employs a multidisciplinary, public health approach to id...
Source: Psychological Services - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hammond, W. Rodney; Haegerich, Tamara M.; Saul, Janet Source Type: journals
Effect of a motivation enhancement intervention on veterans’ engagement in PTSD treatment.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study is the first randomized controlled trial of the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) motivation enhancement (PME) Group, a brief intervention based on Motivational Interviewing and designed to enhance combat veterans’ engagement in PTSD treatment by increasing awareness of the need to change PTSD-related problems. Outpatients in a year-long, group- and cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT)–oriented Veterans Affairs PTSD treatment program were randomly assigned to 4 sessions of the PME Group (n = 60) or a Psychoeducation Group (n = 54) in the 2nd month of treatment. Hypotheses about the proposed impact of the ...
Source: Psychological Services - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Murphy, Ronald T.; Thompson, Karin E.; Murray, Marsheena; Rainey, Quaneecia; Uddo, Madeline M. Source Type: journals
Validation of the MMPI-2 Computerized Adaptive version (MMPI-2-CA) in a correctional intake facility.Email this article to a colleague.
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Computerized adaptive testing in personality assessment can improve efficiency by significantly reducing the number of items administered to answer an assessment question. The time savings afforded by this technique could be of particular benefit in settings where large numbers of psychological screenings are conducted, such as correctional facilities. In the current study, item and time savings, as well as the test–retest and extratest correlations associated with an audio augmented administration of all the scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-2 Computerized Adaptive (MMPI-2-CA) are reported...
Source: Psychological Services - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Forbey, Johnathan D.; Ben-Porath, Yossef S.; Gartland, Diane Source Type: journals
Social–cognitive beliefs, alcohol, and tobacco use: A prospective community study of change following a ban on smoking in public places.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Results suggest that the smoking ban may have positive health benefits that are supported by social–cognitive change. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Orbell, Sheina; Lidierth, Patrick; Henderson, Caroline J.; Geeraert, Nicolas; Uller, Claudia; Uskul, Ayse K.; Kyriakaki, Maria Source Type: journals
Implementation intention formation reduces consultations for emergency contraception and pregnancy testing among teenage women.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: These results suggest that implementation intention formation is a simple yet effective means of promoting pregnancy prevention among teenagers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Martin, Jilly; Sheeran, Paschal; Slade, Pauline; Wright, Alison; Dibble, Tracey Source Type: journals
Predicting Greek adolescents’ intentions to smoke: A focus on normative processes.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions: Prosmoking norms in one’s environment become internalized into biased normative beliefs about smoking, and increase susceptibility to smoke under social pressure. The effect of subjective norms on intentions to smoke was stronger among adolescents with low self-esteem, suggesting that self-esteem may act as a vulnerability factor in the process of smoking initiation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lazuras, Lambros; Eiser, J. Richard; Rodafinos, Angelos Source Type: journals
Negative attitudes to transition in post-communist Albania and acute coronary syndrome.Email this article to a colleague.
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Objective: The authors assessed the association of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with attitudes to the socioeconomic aspects of rapid change in transitional Albania. Design: A population-based case–control study conducted in Tirana, Albania, in 2003–2006 included 467 nonfatal ACS patients (370 men, 97 women; 88% response) and a population-sampled control group (469 men, 268 women; 69% response). Main Outcome Measures: Reaction to transition was assessed as a composite score of 3 items capturing attitudes toward socioeconomic aspects of transition in Albania. Results: Using logistic regression, there was a strong linear...
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Burazeri, Genc; Kark, Jeremy D. Source Type: journals
Happily hopeless: Adaptation to a permanent, but not to a temporary, disability.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: These findings suggest that knowing an adverse situation is temporary can interfere with adaptation, leading to a paradoxical situation in which people who are better off objectively are worse off subjectively. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Smith, Dylan M.; Loewenstein, George; Jankovic, Aleksandra; Ubel, Peter A. Source Type: journals
Standard care quality determines treatment outcomes in control groups of HAART-adherence intervention studies: Implications for the interpretation and comparison of intervention effects.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions: Variation in SCQ provided to control groups may substantially influence effect sizes of behavior change interventions. Future trials should therefore assess and report SCQ, and meta-analyses should control for variability in SCQ, thereby producing more accurate estimates of the effectiveness of behavior change interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: de Bruin, Marijn; Viechtbauer, Wolfgang; Hospers, Harm J.; Schaalma, Herman P.; Kok, Gerjo Source Type: journals
Opt-out testing for stigmatized diseases: A social psychological approach to understanding the potential effect of recommendations for routine HIV testing.Email this article to a colleague.
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Discussion: A social psychological approach to health services can be used to show how testing policies can influence both the stigmatization associated with testing and participation rates. An understanding of how testing policies may affect patient decision making and behavior is imperative for creating effective testing policies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Young, Sean D.; Monin, Benoit; Owens, Douglas Source Type: journals
Pathways between physical activity and quality of life in adults with multiple sclerosis.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: The observed pattern of relationships supports the possibility that physical activity is indirectly associated with improved QOL through pathways that include fatigue, pain, social support, and self-efficacy in individuals with MS. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Motl, Robert W.; McAuley, Edward Source Type: journals
Effective techniques in healthy eating and physical activity interventions: A meta-regression.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Classifying interventions according to component techniques and theoretically derived technique combinations and conducting meta-regression enabled identification of effective components of interventions designed to increase physical activity and healthy eating. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michie, Susan; Abraham, Charles; Whittington, Craig; McAteer, John; Gupta, Sunjai Source Type: journals
Predicting behavioral intentions and physical exercise: A test of the health action process approach at the intrapersonal level.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: The HAPA could be confirmed on the within-person level. Future studies should focus on testing other theories of health behavior at the within-person level. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Scholz, Urte; Keller, Roger; Perren, Sonja Source Type: journals
Motivational “spill-over” during weight control: Increased self-determination and exercise intrinsic motivation predict eating self-regulation.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Increased general self-determination and exercise motivation seem to facilitate improvements in eating self-regulation during weight control in women. These motivational mechanisms also underlie the relationship between improvements in exercise behavior and eating regulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mata, Jutta; Silva, Marlene N.; Vieira, Paulo N.; Carraça, Eliana V.; Andrade, Ana M.; Coutinho, Sílvia R.; Sardinha, Luis B.; Teixeira, Pedro J. Source Type: journals
Assessing yourself as an emotional eater: Mission impossible?Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: The results suggest that self-reported emotional eaters do not increase food intake during emotional encounters in the laboratory. Implications of these findings are discussed, including the idea that it may be complex to adequately assess one’s own emotional eating behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Evers, Catharine; de Ridder, Denise T. D.; Adriaanse, Marieke A. Source Type: journals
Maternal-fetal disease information as a source of exercise motivation during pregnancy.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Information grounded in PMT is effective in influencing pregnant women’s beliefs and intentions as well as changing their initial behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gaston, Anca; Prapavessis, Harry Source Type: journals
Alerting the general population to genetic risks: The value of health messages communicating the existence of genetic risk factors for public health promotion.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Alerting the public to the existence of genetic risk factors may not necessarily be beneficial to public health. Public health promoters should be aware of the possible adverse effects of alerting the general population to genetic risk factors, and should simultaneously educate the public about the meaning and consequences of such factors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Smerecnik, Chris M. R.; Mesters, Ilse; de Vries, Nanne K.; de Vries, Hein Source Type: journals
Bronze is beautiful but pale can be pretty: The effects of appearance standards and mortality salience on sun-tanning outcomes.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions: Study 1 demonstrated that mortality salience led to higher tanning intentions when the association between tanned skin and physical attractiveness was made salient and reduced intentions when the attractiveness of paler skin was highlighted. In Study 2, beachgoers, after reminders of death, reported greater preference for high sun protection sunscreen after reading an article about the attractiveness of paler skin tones. These findings contribute to an emerging understanding of how mortality concerns can influence health-related judgment and behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Cox, Cathy R.; Cooper, Douglas P.; Vess, Matthew; Arndt, Jamie; Goldenberg, Jamie L.; Routledge, Clay Source Type: journals
Aroused versus calm positive affects as predictors of lipids.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusion: Our findings suggest that for men, the two types of positive affects may have opposite physiological consequences with respect to subsequent changes in blood lipid levels. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Health Psychology - November 17, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Shirom, Arie; Melamed, Samuel; Berliner, Shlomo; Shapira, Itzhak Source Type: journals
