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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 35.

Links between characteristics of adolescents, their school social environments, and depressive symptoms: results of a multi-level structural equation modeling analysis
Depression is a serious and public health problem among adolescents. Interest in understanding how features of the social environment influence depression risk has received recent attention. The social contexts examined to date primarily include neighborhoods. However, schools are a promising setting for identifying new risk factors for depressive symptoms and preventing its onset in the population.
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: E.C. Dunn, K.E. Masyn, S.M. Jones, S.V. Subramanian, K.C. Koenen Source Type: research

Maternal transmission of a histone-based epigenetic mark of early life stress
Early life stress (ELS) is a prominent risk factor for several psychiatric illnesses and one of the strongest predictors of negative mental health outcome, including poor treatment response and suicide. ELS can trigger changes in gene expression and behavior that persist into adulthood. However, the mechanisms that maintain these changes and perhaps propagate them across generations remain largely unknown. Recently, studies on rodents exposed to ELS uncovered a role of increased DNA methylation in promotor sequences that lead to a persistently decreased expression of distinct genes. These DNA-based epigenetic marks are tra...
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: G. Chang, C. Schmauss Source Type: research

Potential of experimental design approaches to determining psychopathology outcomes
Experimental designs are relatively infrequently utilised in research on psychopathology determinants. The greatest general evidence for reducing higher levels of psychopathology, whilst minimising harm, comes from the use of psychological support approaches such as CBT, IPT, PST, listening and insight orientated interventions. By offering these to women (selectively or universally) during the perinatal phase of adulthood it may also be possible to positively influence a range of subsequent offspring developmental outcomes. Assisted reproduction technologies also offer promising opportunities to separate out parental envir...
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: T. Brugha Source Type: research

Maternal models of risk: links between substance use and risky sexual behavior in African American female caregivers and daughters
African American (AA) adolescent girls are at heightened risk for HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and thus knowledge of factors related to risky sexual behavior in this population is crucial. Guided by Social Learning Theory (Bandura, 1977), this longitudinal study examines multigenerational pathways from female caregivers’ risky sexual behavior and substance use to adolescent girls’ risky sexual behavior and substance use. A sample of 214 low-income, urban AA female caregivers and daughters recruited from outpatient mental health clinics in Chicago reported sexual behaviors, frequency of alcohol use, a...
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: T. Brakefield, H. Wilson, G. Donenberg Source Type: research

Faster progression from smoking initiation to heavy smoking mediates polygenic risk for adult smoking problems
Cigarette smoking is a costly and prevalent public health problem. Smoking behavior is under genetic influence and recent successes in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of smoking quantity (cigarettes smoked/day) suggest opportunities to use genetic information to inform etiological and treatment research. GWAS samples consist of adult smokers and former smokers. A next step in translating GWAS discoveries into research tools is to test how GWAS-identified variation relates prospectively to the development of smoking behavior.
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: D.W. Belsky, T. Moffitt, R. Poulton, A. Caspi Source Type: research

Age-Specific cumulative lifetime incidence risk for mental disorders of offsprings by familial liability for mental disorder
Family studies have documented that many mental disorders run in families. Our knowledge about offsprings' cumulative risk patterns for mental disorders by multigenerational morbidity load though is limited.
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: K. Beesdo-Baum, S. Knappe, M. Höfler, R. Lieb, H.U. Wittchen Source Type: research

Dimensions of psychosis: validation of an empirical structure
Conceptualization of psychosis remains an open question. Studies often focus on three symptom dimensions (reality distortion, disorganization, and negative symptoms), but anywhere between I and XII dimensions have been proposed. Few studies have used longitudinal design to compare these proposals. We tested a range of alternative models and considered their internal consistency, temporal stability, and predictive validity to determine the best empirical structure.
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: P. Allen, D. Holzmacher, R. Kotov, H. Xiao, R. Roger, E. Bromet Source Type: research

Adult ADHD: persistence, symptom profile and demographic characteristics
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is relatively common in childhood, affecting approximately 4%–7% of the population. It is increasingly recognized that symptoms of ADHD may not resolve in childhood, but continue into adolescence and adulthood, with associated functional impairment and distress.
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: J. Agnew-Blais, L.J. Seidman, S. Buka Source Type: research

Masthead
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Contents
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Manuscript Submission Form
This form should be completed by every author and accompany every new manuscript submission. It must be fully complete and accurate, with signatures from ALL authors, before a manuscript can be finalized. Please scan the completed form(s) and attach them electronically during the submission process. If you are unable to do so, fax the completed form(s) to the Editorial Office at (214) 645-9208.
Source: Biological Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Guide for Authors
Biological Psychiatry is the official journal of the Society of Biological Psychiatry. The Journal rapidly publishes reports of novel results on a broad range of topics related to the pathophysiology and treatment of major neuropsychiatric disorders. Both basic and clinical neuroscience contributions are encouraged, particularly those addressing genetic and environmental risk factors, neural circuitry and neurochemistry, and important new therapeutic approaches. Except where explicitly stated otherwise, Biological Psychiatry conforms to the guidelines set forth by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICM...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Table of Contents
Source: Biological Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Subscribers Page
Biological Psychiatry (ISSN 0006-3223) is published semimonthly by Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10010-1710. Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY and additional mailing offices.
Source: Biological Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Source: Biological Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Emotional Reactivity and Regulation in Panic Disorder: Insights from a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
For more than a century, psychologists and psychiatrists have sought to understand the biological bases of mental disorders, with a view to fashioning more effective treatments. Advances in functional neuroimaging have made it possible for clinical researchers to make significant strides towards realizing this long-held goal, allowing them to do the following: 1) characterize differences in neural responses between patients with various psychiatric conditions and healthy subjects (HS), and 2) examine the neural correlates of psychosocial and biologic treatments.
Source: Biological Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ashley A. Shurick, James J. Gross Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research

Effects of Stress Across Generations: Why Sex Matters
This study highlights the complex pathways through which males and females may potentially influence the development of future generations and may contribute to a growing literature on the transgenerational consequences of adversity .
Source: Biological Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Frances A. Champagne Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research

A brief summary of the articles appearing in this issue of Biological Psychiatry
Telomeres are protective caps on the ends of chromosomes, shortening each time a cell divides, and thereby related to the age of the cell. Several studies have shown that telomeres shorten with chronic somatic illness, and recent work suggests that a similar process might occur with some kinds of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stressors. Here, Price et al. (pages 15–23) review emerging work suggesting a robust, and perhaps dose-dependent, association between reduced telomere length and early-life stress. These findings highlight the complex relationships between experience, physical and psychiatric illness, and aging.
Source: Biological Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Tags: In this Issue Source Type: research

Table of Contents
Abstract Review of Ketamine for Depression Highlights Drug's Rapid Effects Study Outlines Genomic Basis for Pimozide Dosing Guidelines Risk of Type‐2 Diabetes with Antidepressants Estrogens Promising in Treating Women with Schizophrenia High‐Dose D‐cycloserine Found Effective in Depression Treatment NSAIDs' Perceived Effect on Antidepressants Examined Augmentation Strategies for Schizophrenia Patients on Clozapine Aripiprazole Augmentation for OCD Psychiatrists' Decision Making Between Branded and Generic Drugs FDA Approves Belviq for Overweight or Obese Adults Approvals Drug Shortage
Source: The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Anatomical substrates of cognitive and clinical dimensions in first episode schizophrenia
ConclusionThese results confirm how the structural development of key brain regions is related to neuropsychopathological dysfunction in FES, consistently with a neurodevelopmentally derived misconnection syndrome.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: S. Rigucci, C. Rossi‐Espagnet, S. Ferracuti, A. Carolis, V. Corigliano, F. Carducci, I. Mancinelli, F. Cicone, R. Tatarelli, A. Bozzao, P. Girardi, A. Comparelli Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Roles in and barriers to metabolic screening for people taking antipsychotic medications: A survey of psychiatrists
Premature mortality for people with serious mental illness (SMI) is impacted by under-treatment of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic effects of antipsychotic medications (). National guidelines recommend screening and monitoring for metabolic risk factors in patients receiving antipsychotic medications (). However, prior studies demonstrate rates of screening between 10 and 43% ().
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: S.G. Parameswaran, C. Chang, A.K. Swenson, M. Shumway, M. Olfson, C.V. Mangurian Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Insulin secretion in patients receiving clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone
Abstract: Background: Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. The mechanism is thought to center on drug-induced weight gain, which starts the dysmetabolic cascade of insulin resistance, increased insulin production and pancreatic beta-cell failure. An independent effect of SGAs on insulin secretion has been suggested in animal models, but has not been demonstrated in clinical samples.Objective: To determine the post-challenge insulin secretion in patients treated with SGAs.Method: We identified 520 non-diabetic individuals treated with clozapine (N=73), olanzapine (N=190), quetiapine ...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Peter Manu, Christoph U. Correll, Martien Wampers, Ruud van Winkel, Weiping Yu, Daphna Shiffeldrim, John M. Kane, Marc De Hert Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

A brief cognitive–behavioural social skills training for stabilised outpatients with schizophrenia: A preliminary study
Abstract: Achieving social functioning and achieving social competence are two main objectives of psychosocial interventions for people suffering from schizophrenia. The present preliminary study presents a novel approach of social skills training (SST) based on the proposals of Kopelowicz et al. (Kopelowicz, A., Liberman, R. P., and Zarate, R., 2006. Schizophr. Bull. 32 (1): S12–23) that link the treatment to seven specific target behaviours: social perception, social information processing, responding and sending skills, affiliative skills, interactional skills, and behaviour governed by social norms. Thirty-one stabil...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mar Rus-Calafell, José Gutiérrez-Maldonado, Mónica Ortega-Bravo, Joan Ribas-Sabaté, Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar Tags: Cognitive Behavior Therapy Source Type: research

Memory functioning and negative symptoms as differential predictors of social problem solving skills in schizophrenia
Conclusions: Memory functioning and psychiatric symptoms differentially predict selected areas of social problem solving ability in persons with schizophrenia. Consistent with other reports, positive symptoms were not related to social problem solving. Consideration of both neurocognition and negative symptoms may be important to the development of rehabilitation interventions in this area of functioning.
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Joseph Ventura, Shelley R. Tom, Chris Jetton, Robert S. Kern Tags: Cognition Source Type: research

A Case of Pellagra Associated With Megaduodenum in a Young Woman.
We report a new case of pellagra in a 29-year-old woman in whom the diagnosis of megaduodenum was made. Megaduodenum is a rare condition that can be idiopathic or secondary to visceral myopathy or neuropathy. Parenteral supplementation with niacin has resulted in a quick response of dermatological and psychiatric symptoms. To our knowledge, no case of pellagra due to megaduodenum has been reported in literature. PMID: 23232750 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice - December 11, 2012 Category: Nutrition Authors: Zaraa I, Belghith I, Ei Euch D, Karoui S, Mokni M, Fillali A, Ben Osman A Tags: Nutr Clin Pract Source Type: research

Predicting and preventing psychopathology following temporal lobe epilepsy surgery.
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Translational Epilepsy Research". PMID: 23246146 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - December 11, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Cleary RA, Baxendale SA, Thompson PJ, Foong J Tags: Epilepsy Behav Source Type: research

Mirtazapine-induced massive dyslipidaemia in an elderly woman: A case report.
PMID: 23233543 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Moffatt A, Ticehurst S Tags: Aust N Z J Psychiatry Source Type: research

Clozapine-induced nephritis and monitoring implications.
PMID: 23233544 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mohan T, Chua J, Kartika J, Bastiampillai T, Dhillon R Tags: Aust N Z J Psychiatry Source Type: research

Does early-onset chronic or recurrent major depression impact outcomes with antidepressant medications? A CO-MED Trial Report.
CONCLUSIONS: Although early-onset chronic/recurrent MDD is associated with a more severe clinical picture, it does not seem to be useful for predicting differential treatment response to antidepressant medication. Clinicians should remain alert to an increased risk of suicidality in this population. PMID: 23228340 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Psychological Medicine - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Sung SC, Wisniewski SR, Balasubramani GK, Zisook S, Kurian B, Warden D, Trivedi MH, Rush AJ Tags: Psychol Med Source Type: research

Recall of a live and personally experienced eyewitness event by adults with autism spectrum disorder.
Abstract The aim of the present study was to (a) extend previous eyewitness research in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a live and personally experienced event; (b) examine whether witnesses with ASD demonstrate a facilitative effect in memory for self- over other-performed actions; (c) explore source monitoring abilities by witnesses with ASD in discriminating who performed which actions within the event. Eighteen high-functioning adults with ASD and 18 age- and IQ-matched typical counterparts participated in a live first aid scenario in which they and the experimenter each performed a number of actions. Part...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Maras KL, Memon A, Lambrechts A, Bowler DM Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

Brief Report: Preliminary Evidence of Reduced Sensitivity in the Peripheral Visual Field of Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorder.
Abstract A number of studies have demonstrated atypical perception in individuals with ASD. However, the majority of these studies have presented stimuli to central vision. The aim of the study presented here was to test the sensitivity of peripheral vision in ASD. This was achieved by asking participants to detect brief flashes of light presented between 30 and 85 degrees away from fixation. We found that participants with ASD detected fewer ligh-flashes than the control participants. This deficit was more pronounced in the nasal hemifield than the temporal hemifield. We suggest that the imbalance between nasal an...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Milne E, Scope A, Griffiths H, Codina C, Buckley D Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

Ethics and Autism: Where is the Autistic Voice? Commentary on Post et al.
PMID: 23229456 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Milton D, Mills R, Pellicano E Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

Stories to Be Told: Korean Doctors Between Hwa-byung (Fire-Illness) and Depression, 1970-2011.
This article analyzes the process of the making of hwa-byung (fire illness) an internationally recognized term for a Korean emotion-related disorder. To index hwa-byung as a valid condition within professional medical circles, Koreans draw on both the traditional idea of "constrained fire" and the DSM's modern identification of "depressive disorders." Examining the research on hwa-byung since the 1970s, conducted by both Korean psychiatrists and doctors of traditional medicine, this article demonstrates how inextricably conceptions of Korean-ness in medicine have been tied to the right positioning of Korea in a global cont...
Source: Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Suh S Tags: Cult Med Psychiatry Source Type: research

Screening for depressed mood in an adolescent psychiatric context by brief self-assessment scales -- testing psychometric validity of WHO-5 and BDI-6 indices by latent trait analyses
Conclusions: The WHO-5 is psychometrically valid in an adolescent psychiatric context including both genders to assess the wellness dimension and applicable as a first step in screening for MDD. The BDI-6 may be recommended as a second step in the screening procedure, since it is statistically valid and has the ability to unidimensionally capture the severity of depressed mood.
Source: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes - December 11, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Eva BlomPer BechGöran HögbergJan LarssonEva Serlachius Source Type: research

Principles and practice of geriatric psychiatry, second edition
Source: Age and Ageing - December 11, 2012 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hsu, D. Tags: Book Reviews Source Type: research

Drosophila modifier screens to identify novel neuropsychiatric drugs including aminergic agents for the possible treatment of Parkinson’s disease and depression
Drosophila modifier screens to identify novel neuropsychiatric drugs including aminergic agents for the possible treatment of Parkinson’s disease and depression Molecular Psychiatry advance online publication, December 11 2012. doi:10.1038/mp.2012.170 Authors: H O Lawal, A Terrell, H A Lam, C Djapri, J Jang, R Hadi, L Roberts, V Shahi, M-T Chou, T Biedermann, B Huang, G M Lawless, N T Maidment & D E Krantz
Source: Molecular Psychiatry - December 11, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: H O LawalA TerrellH A LamC DjapriJ JangR HadiL RobertsV ShahiM-T ChouT BiedermannB HuangG M LawlessN T MaidmentD E Krantz Tags: VMAT antidepressant Parkinson’s disease neurotransmitter transporter ADHD Source Type: research

News: Editorial Decision Speed and Quality in Libertas Journals
Libertas offers authors leading editorial decision making speed and quality for all papers submitted to the journals we publish.Authors who submit their paper receive an editorial decision in less than 3 weeks on average. At other journa...
Source: Autism Insights - December 10, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Demands of mental health: nurses' perceptions of family health teams
CONCLUSION: We recognize the need for continuous education revision of ISPC and, especially, creation of systematized therapeutic projects and the provision for new ways of caring.OBJETIVO: Describir cómo identifican y acogen las necesidades de salud mental (SM) los equipos de salud de la familia, conforme la concepción de enfermeros. MÉTODOS: Estudio exploratorio, descriptivo de carácter cualitativo. Se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas aplicadas a cinco enfermeros y la interpretación fue norteada por lo que preconiza el Ministerio de Salud Brasileño sobre la inclusión de las acciones de SM en la atención b...
Source: Acta Paulista de Enfermagem - December 10, 2012 Category: Nursing Source Type: research

Independent versus substance-induced major depressive disorders in first-admission patients with substance use disorders: An exploratory study
Conclusions: Independent MDDs were more severe and had different qualities compared with S-I MDDs, suggesting important treatment implications. Longitudinal studies including larger samples and carefully addressing the association between SUD subtypes and MDD subtypes are needed to substantiate our findings.
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - December 10, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Anne-Marit Langås, Ulrik Fredrik Malt, Stein Opjordsmoen Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Structural brain abnormalities in women with subclinical depression, as revealed by voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging
Conclusions: Gray matter volume reduction and white matter integrity change in specific frontal brain regions may be associated with depressive symptoms in women, even at a subclinical level.
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - December 10, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Yayoi K. Hayakawa, Hiroki Sasaki, Hidemasa Takao, Harushi Mori, Naoto Hayashi, Akira Kunimatsu, Shigeki Aoki, Kuni Ohtomo Tags: Preliminary Communication Source Type: research

Influence of serotonin transporter promoter variation on the effects of separation from parent/partner on depression.
Conclusion: The increased risk of depression given last year loss of partner appeared to be influenced by genetic variation regulating 5-HTT activity. This adds to previous findings of 5-HTT x stressful life events interactions on depression and is in agreement with stronger GxE effects when using objective environmental measures.
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - December 10, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Andrés Fandiño-Losada, Yabin Wei, Elin Åberg, Louise K. Sjöholm, Catharina Lavebratt, Yvonne Forsell Tags: Research Reports Source Type: research

Late‐life depression in older African Americans: a comprehensive review of epidemiological and clinical data
ConclusionsSerious racial and ethnic disparities persist in the management of older African Americans with depression. Understanding their unmet needs and improving depression care for these individuals is necessary to reduce these disparities. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Source: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry - December 10, 2012 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Yolonda R. Pickett, Kisha N. Bazelais, Martha L. Bruce Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Factors That Affect Treatment Initiation Among Individuals With Serious Mental Illness and Substance Abuse Disorder
Discussion: We found that previous substance abuse treatment and previous methamphetamine use were 2 significant predictor variables for initiation into our treatment program. Other possible factors such as sedative/hypnotic use in last 6 months, and alcohol use may also be significant factors in treatment initiation. (C) 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - December 10, 2012 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Article: PDF Only Source Type: research

New Article: Initial Observations of Elevated Alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase Activity Associated with Autism and Observed Reductions from GC Protein—Macrophage Activating Factor Injections
Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are developmental disorders affecting 1:88 children, and which appear to be associated with a variety of complex immune dysregulations including autoimmunity. The enzyme, alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (Na...
Source: Autism Insights - December 10, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Social Media in Healthcare: Educational Policy Implications
Social media are redefining healthcare education, but come with significant policy implications. Federal court rulings on social media posts of nursing students posing with placentas, medical students posing with cadavers and mortuary students' thoughts on anatomy labs, raise concerns about how professionalism, privacy-security, intellectual property and mobile devices are addressed in educational policies.
Source: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing - December 10, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Michael J. Rice Tags: Consider This...Section Source Type: research

Schizophrenia: A neurodevelopmental disorder — Integrative genomic hypothesis and therapeutic implications from a transgenic mouse model
Abstract: Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder featuring complex aberrations in the structure, wiring, and chemistry of multiple neuronal systems. The abnormal developmental trajectory of the brain appears to be established during gestation, long before clinical symptoms of the disease appear in early adult life. Many genes are associated with schizophrenia, however, altered expression of no one gene has been shown to be present in a majority of schizophrenia patients. How does altered expression of such a variety of genes lead to the complex set of abnormalities observed in the schizophrenic brain? We hypothesiz...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: M.K. Stachowiak, A. Kucinski, R. Curl, C. Syposs, Y. Yang, S. Narla, C. Terranova, D. Prokop, I. Klejbor, M. Bencherif, B. Birkaya, T. Corso, A. Parikh, E.S. Tzanakakis, S. Wersinger, E.K. Stachowiak Tags: Biological Studies Source Type: research

Efficacy of pimozide augmentation for clozapine partial responders with schizophrenia
Discussion: In this well controlled clinical trial of patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia currently receiving clozapine, pimozide augmentation was not an effective strategy to maximize the benefit for better control of positive and negative symptoms or improving neurocognitive function.
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Handan Gunduz-Bruce, Stephen Oliver, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Kimberlee Forselius-Bielen, Deepak C. D'Souza, Zoran Zimolo, Cenk Tek, Styliani Kaliora, Susan Ray, Georgios Petrides Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Early detection, early symptom progression and symptomatic remission after ten years in a first episode of psychosis study
Conclusions: Long-term symptomatic non-remission is associated with early positive symptoms. More assertive intervention may be needed in patients who do not respond robustly in the first year of treatment, whether or not they have been detected “early”.
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Wenche ten Velden Hegelstad, Ulrik Haahr, Tor K. Larsen, Bjørn Auestad, Helene Barder, Julie Evensen, Inge Joa, Jan O. Johannessen, Johannes Langeveld, Ingrid Melle, Stein Opjordsmoen, Jan Ivar Rossberg, Bjørn Rishovd Rund, Erik Simonsen, Per Vaglum, Th Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis can be adapted for minority ethnic groups: A randomised controlled trial
This study assessed the effectiveness of a culturally adapted CBT for psychosis (CaCBTp) in Black British, African Caribbean/Black African and South Asian Muslim participants.Method: A randomised controlled trial was conducted in two centres in the UK (n=35) in participants with a diagnosis of a disorder from the schizophrenia group. Assessments were conducted at three time points: baseline, post-therapy and at 6months follow-up, using the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) and Insight Scale. Outcomes on specific subscales of CPRS were also evaluated. Participants in the treatment arm completed the Patien...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shanaya Rathod, Peter Phiri, Scott Harris, Charlotte Underwood, Mahesh Thagadur, Uma Padmanabi, David Kingdon Tags: Cognitive Behavior Therapy Source Type: research

Orbitofrontal cortex abnormality and deficit schizophrenia
Abstract: Deficit syndrome, which is characterized by primary and enduring negative symptoms, is a homogeneous subtype within schizophrenia. Negative symptoms in schizophrenia are currently considered to be closely linked with frontal lobe impairment. However, the etiology in the frontal lobe of people with deficit syndrome is not fully understood. We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in 33 patients with deficit syndrome, 40 patients with nondeficit syndrome, and 45 healthy controls, and we compared groups using the voxel-wise method. Schizophrenia combined...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nobuhisa Kanahara, Yoshimoto Sekine, Tadashi Haraguchi, Yoshitaka Uchida, Kenji Hashimoto, Eiji Shimizu, Masaomi Iyo Tags: Neuroimaging Source Type: research